An oil heating and centralized descaling system

Abstract

The present invention provides an oil heating and centralized descaling system, wherein a heating and descaling device is connected to an on-site oil pipeline, and the heating and descaling device heats and descales the crude oil extracted from the well. When the heating and descaling device is cleaned, a liquid storage device temporarily stores the oil in the heating and descaling device; a liquid inlet pipe is connected to an on-site downhole oil pipeline; water is pre-stored in a water jacket box, and the water jacket box insulates the water inside; and multiple groups of heating and descaling generators are arranged in the water of the water jacket box. In the present application, water bath heating of the oil is combined with oil descaling, and a centralized descaling function is added on the basis of meeting the oil heating demand, forcing the scale in the liquid to be concentratedly formed in the generator, protecting the process equipment at the rear end from scaling; in addition, before cleaning a group of heating and descaling generators, the oil in the group of heating and descaling generators can be discharged into the liquid storage device first, and then cleaned to avoid oil contamination.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil production wells, and in particular to an oil heating and centralized descaling system. Background Art

[0002] During the crude oil extraction process, as the depth of the formation decreases from the well to the wellhead, the temperature of the oil decreases accordingly. The colloid and asphalt in the crude oil will continue to precipitate and condense into substances such as wax scale. In addition, because the oil production wells are basically located in the wild, the temperature is even lower in winter. The well areas in Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, and Northeast China may even reach extremely cold weather of minus 30 degrees Celsius, which makes the crude oil seriously waxed and its physical properties deteriorate, especially the viscosity of the crude oil increases and the fluidity decreases, which in turn causes high back pressure at the wellhead of the oil well, reduces the pump efficiency of the oil well pump, and causes puncture and leakage after the oil well is pressurized. The service life of the equipment is shortened, and even more serious safety accidents may occur.

[0003] In order to effectively prevent the above phenomenon, two methods are commonly used: adding specific agents to the pipeline and installing a burner or other heating device at the wellhead for heat transfer. However, both methods have their inevitable process defects. For example, adding specific scale inhibitors and wax removers to the pipeline will not only easily change the original composition of the oil, but also easily cause corrosion to other equipment installed on the pipeline, especially for some rubber parts used for sealing, which will soon be damaged; and for the heat transfer process, heating maintains a certain temperature and reduces the wax precipitation of crude oil. However, with the deep development of the oil field, the water injection cycle is prolonged, and the oil well enters a high water content period. Since the water contains a large number of scale-prone ions, serious scaling is likely to occur after heating. At the same time, the heat transfer process often uses the combustion of excess associated gas at the oil field site, which is likely to cause more serious environmental pollution problems. Some well sites use electromagnetic heating, and the high power and high energy consumption requirements of electromagnetic heating bring about large electricity consumption and increased operating costs.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a device with a completely new structure and avoid the above-mentioned major shortcomings to solve the problems and defects existing in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide an oil heating and centralized descaling system to at least solve the problem of wax scaling caused by temperature reduction in crude oil production in the prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides an oil heating and centralized descaling system, comprising a base, a heating and descaling device and a liquid storage device. The heating and descaling device is installed on the base, the heating and descaling device is connected to the on-site oil pipe, and the heating and descaling device is used to heat and descaling the crude oil extracted from the well; the liquid storage device is installed on the base and is connected to the heating and descaling device, and the liquid storage device is used to temporarily store the oil in the heating and descaling device when cleaning the heating and descaling device; wherein the heating and descaling device comprises a liquid inlet pipe, a water jacket box, a plurality of heating and descaling generators and a liquid outlet pipe. The liquid inlet pipe is connected with the on-site downhole oil pipe and is used to lead out the downhole oil; water is pre-stored in the water jacket box, and the water jacket box is used to keep the water inside it warm; multiple groups of heating and descaling generators are arranged in the water of the water jacket box, and each group of the heating and descaling generators is respectively connected with the liquid inlet pipe, and the heating and descaling generators are used to descaling the crude oil extracted from the downhole after being heated; the liquid outlet pipe is connected with each group of the heating and descaling generators, and the liquid outlet pipe is used to discharge the oil after heating and descaling in the heating and descaling generators.

[0007] Optionally, each group of heating and descaling generators are connected in parallel.

[0008] Optionally, the water jacket oil heating system further includes a control box, and the heating and descaling device further includes a plurality of inlet pressure gauges and a plurality of outlet pressure gauges; each of the inlet pressure gauges is installed at the liquid inlet of each group of the heating and descaling generators, and is used to monitor the liquid inlet pressure of the group of the heating and descaling generators; each of the outlet pressure gauges is installed at the liquid outlet of each group of the heating and descaling generators, and is used to monitor the liquid outlet pressure of the group of the heating and descaling generators;

[0009] Wherein, the plurality of inlet pressure gauges and the plurality of outlet pressure gauges are all connected to the control box; the control box determines whether the heating and descaling generators in each group need to be cleaned according to the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet liquids of the heating and descaling generators in the group.

[0010] Optionally, the heating and descaling device further comprises a plurality of inlet control valves and a plurality of outlet control valves; the plurality of inlet control valves are connected to the control box, and each of the inlet control valves is installed at the liquid inlet of each group of the heating and descaling generators, and is used to control the oil to enter the corresponding group of the heating and descaling generators from the liquid inlet pipe; the plurality of outlet control valves are connected to the control box; each of the outlet control valves is installed at the liquid outlet of each group of the heating and descaling generators, and is used to control the oil to enter the liquid outlet pipe from the corresponding group of the heating and descaling generators;

[0011] Wherein, after determining a group of the heating and descaling generators that need to be cleaned, the control box controls the corresponding inlet control valve and the outlet control valve to close.

[0012] Optionally, the heating and descaling device further comprises an explosion-proof electric heater installed on the water jacket box, and the explosion-proof electric heater is used to heat the water in the water jacket box.

[0013] Optionally, the liquid storage device includes a liquid storage tank, a liquid storage tank drain pipe and an oil pump; the liquid storage tank is connected to each group of the heating and descaling generators through the heating and descaling generator drain pipe, and the liquid storage tank is used to temporarily store the oil in the heating and descaling generators in the corresponding group when cleaning a group of the heating and descaling generators; the first end of the liquid storage tank drain pipe is connected to the liquid storage tank, and the second end of the liquid storage tank drain pipe is connected to the liquid outlet pipe, and the liquid storage tank drain pipe is used to discharge the oil in the liquid storage tank into the liquid outlet pipe; the oil pump is arranged on the liquid storage tank drain pipe, and the oil pump is used to provide power for the transportation of the oil in the liquid storage tank drain pipe.

[0014] Optionally, the liquid storage device further comprises: a liquid level meter, which is installed on the liquid storage tank and connected to the control box, and is used to monitor the liquid level information of the oil in the liquid storage tank and send the liquid level information to the control box;

[0015] Wherein, the control box controls the opening and closing of the oil pump according to the received liquid level information.

[0016] Optionally, the liquid storage device further comprises a check valve, which is mounted on the liquid storage tank discharge pipe and is located between the oil pump and the liquid outlet pipe, and is used to prevent the oil in the liquid outlet pipe from entering the liquid storage tank discharge pipe.

[0017] Optionally, the heating descaling generator includes a support leg, a cylinder, a descaling filter element assembly and a pressure cover; the cylinder is installed above the support leg, and the cylinder is used to contain oil; the descaling filter element assembly is placed in the cylinder, and the descaling filter element assembly causes scaling molecules in the oil in the cylinder to scale under heating; the pressure cover is installed above the cylinder to cover the cylinder.

[0018] Optionally, the gland includes a gland flange, a flange cover and a lifting screw rod; the gland flange is fixed to the top of the cylinder, and a splined inner hole is provided inside the gland flange; the flange cover is provided with an external spline, and the external spline is tightly matched with the splined inner hole; the lifting screw rod is vertically installed on the flange cover, and is used to lift the flange cover under the action of external force.

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention is an oil heating and centralized descaling system, comprising a base, a heating and descaling device and a liquid storage device. The heating and descaling device is installed on the base, connected to the on-site oil pipe, and used to heat and descale the crude oil extracted from the well; the liquid storage device is installed on the base and connected to the heating and descaling device, and used to temporarily store the oil in the heating and descaling device when cleaning the heating and descaling device; wherein the heating and descaling device comprises a liquid inlet pipe, a water jacket box, a plurality of heating and descaling generators and a liquid outlet pipe. The liquid inlet pipe is connected to the on-site downhole oil pipe and used to lead the downhole oil out; water is pre-stored in the water jacket box, and the water jacket box is used to keep the water inside it warm; a plurality of heating and descaling generators are arranged in the water of the water jacket box, and each group of heating and descaling generators is respectively connected to the liquid inlet pipe, and the heating and descaling generator is used to descal the crude oil extracted from the well after being heated; the liquid outlet pipe is connected to each group of heating and descaling generators, and the liquid outlet pipe is used to discharge the oil after heating and descaling in the heating and descaling generator. Therefore, the water bath heating of oil is combined with oil descaling. On the basis of meeting the oil heating needs, a centralized descaling function is added, forcing the scale in the liquid to form in a concentrated manner in the generator, protecting the rear-end process equipment from scaling. In addition, before cleaning a group of heating and descaling generators, the oil in the group of heating and descaling generators can be discharged into a liquid storage device, and then cleaned to avoid oil contamination. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an oil heating and centralized descaling system that can be selected according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a first optional heating descaling generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a second optional heating descaling generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a scaling fin which can be selected according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Reference numerals:

[0026] 10. Base; 20. Heating and descaling device; 21. Liquid inlet pipe; 22. Water jacket box; 23. Heating and descaling generator; 231. Leg; 232. Cylinder; 233. Descaling filter element assembly; 2331. Suspension plate; 2332. Scaling fin; 234. Gland; 2341. Gland flange; 2342. Flange cover; 2343. Lifting screw rod; 2344. Press plate; 2345. Fixed shaft assembly; 2346. Rocker arm; 2347. Fixed sleeve; 2348. Flat key; 2349 , hand wheel; 2350, fixing block; 2351, wrench; 235, drainage branch pipe; 236, cylinder liquid inlet; 237, cylinder liquid outlet; 24, liquid outlet pipe; 25, inlet pressure gauge; 26, outlet pressure gauge; 27, inlet control valve; 28, outlet control valve; 29, explosion-proof electric heater; 30, liquid storage device; 31, liquid storage tank; 32, heating and descaling generator drainage pipe; 33, liquid storage tank drainage pipe; 34, oil pump; 35, liquid level meter; 36, check valve; 40, control box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, an oil heating and centralized descaling system comprises a base 10, a heating and descaling device 20 and a liquid storage device 30;

[0029] The heating and descaling device 20 is installed on the base 10, and the heating and descaling device 20 is connected to the on-site oil pipe. The heating and descaling device 20 is used to heat and descaling the crude oil extracted from the well;

[0030] The liquid storage device 30 is installed on the base 10 and is connected to the heating and descaling device 20. The liquid storage device 30 is used to temporarily store the oil in the heating and descaling device 20 when cleaning the heating and descaling device 20.

[0031] The heating and descaling device 20 includes a liquid inlet pipe 21, a water jacket box 22, a plurality of heating and descaling generators 23 and a liquid outlet pipe 24; the liquid inlet pipe 21 is connected to the on-site downhole oil pipe and is used to lead the downhole oil; water is pre-stored in the water jacket box 22, and the water jacket box 22 is used to keep the hot water inside it warm; the plurality of heating and descaling generators 23 are arranged in the hot water of the water jacket box 22, each group of heating and descaling generators 23 is connected to the liquid inlet pipe 21 respectively, and the heating and descaling generators 23 are used to descal the crude oil extracted from the downhole after being heated; the liquid outlet pipe 24 is connected to each group of heating and descaling generators 23, and the liquid outlet pipe 24 is used to discharge the oil after heating and descaling in the heating and descaling generator 23.

[0032] Specifically, after the crude oil is extracted from the well, it is first transported to the heating and descaling device 20. Under the water bath heating of the water jacket box 22 in the heating and descaling device 20, the heating and descaling generator 23 is heated, and the scaling molecules in the crude oil are concentrated in the heating and descaling generator 23, and the scaling molecules include paraffin and inorganic salt molecules. The descaled crude oil enters the back-end process device through the liquid outlet pipe 24, ensuring that the crude oil does not scale in the back-end process device. When there is a lot of scaling in a group of heating and descaling generators 23, it is necessary to descale and clean the inside of the heating and descaling generators 23 in the group. Before cleaning a group of heating and descaling generators 23, the oil in the group of heating and descaling generators 23 is first discharged into the liquid storage device 30, and then cleaned to avoid contamination of the oil. The heating and descaling device 20 and the liquid storage device 30 are fixedly installed on the base 10, with a higher degree of integration, so that the system is skid-type as a whole, which is convenient for transportation, installation and modular operation management. In this application, water bath conduction is combined with centralized descaling. On the basis of meeting the requirements of oil heating, a centralized descaling function is added, forcing the scale in the liquid to be concentrated in the heating descaling generator 23 to protect the process equipment at the rear end from scaling. Among them, the liquid inlet pipe 21 is a total inlet tee, and a flange is designed at the front end for connection with the on-site pipeline.

[0033] In a possible implementation manner, each group of heating and descaling generators 23 are connected in parallel.

[0034] Specifically, each group of heating and descaling generators 23 is connected in parallel so that each heating and descaling generator 23 works independently without affecting each other. When one group of heating and descaling generators 23 needs to be cleaned or repaired, the other groups can continue to work normally to ensure the continuity and stability of the system. The number of groups in the present application is two, and each group of heating and descaling generators 23 is connected in series with three heating and descaling generators 23. The two groups of heating and descaling generators 23 can be used simultaneously or as a backup according to the on-site structure and liquid discharge conditions. Regardless of whether they are used simultaneously or as a backup, the two groups of heating and descaling generators 23 are bypass pipelines to each other. When the generator needs to be cleaned, one group of the generators is cleaned first by opening and closing the control valve, so that the oil flows through the other group of generators. In this way, during the cleaning process, there is no need to shut down the oil well or to have a short idle interval to stop heating and descaling.

[0035] In a possible implementation, the water jacket oil heating system further includes a control box 40, and the heating and descaling device 20 further includes a plurality of inlet pressure gauges 25 and a plurality of outlet pressure gauges 26; each inlet pressure gauge 25 is installed at the liquid inlet of each group of heating and descaling generators 23, and is used to monitor the liquid inlet pressure of the group of heating and descaling generators 23; each outlet pressure gauge 26 is installed at the liquid outlet of each group of heating and descaling generators 23, and is used to monitor the liquid outlet pressure of the group of heating and descaling generators 23;

[0036] Among them, multiple inlet pressure gauges 25 and multiple outlet pressure gauges 26 are all connected to the control box 40; the control box 40 determines whether the group of heating and descaling generators 23 needs to be cleaned according to the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of each group of heating and descaling generators 23.

[0037] Specifically, an inlet pressure gauge 25 is provided at the front end and the liquid inlet end of each group of heating and descaling generators 23, and an outlet pressure gauge 26 is provided at the rear end, i.e., the liquid outlet end, to detect the operating pressure of the equipment in real time. The control box 40 receives the pressure readings of the inlet pressure gauge 25 and the outlet pressure gauge 26 of each group of heating and descaling generators 23, calculates the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet, and determines whether it is necessary to open the heating and descaling generator 23 for cleaning according to the pressure difference value. When the pressure difference between the inlet pressure and the outlet pressure is greater than the preset threshold value of the pressure difference, it indicates that the channel inside the heating and descaling generator 23 is reduced, that is, more scaling leads to pressure holding, and it is necessary to open and clean it in time. The control box 40 automatically controls the operation of the system and performs signal reception and analysis through its internal PLC control module, and a 485 communication interface is reserved to facilitate digital information transmission with the use site.

[0038] In a possible embodiment, the heating and descaling device 20 further includes a plurality of inlet control valves 27 and a plurality of outlet control valves 28; the plurality of inlet control valves 27 are connected to the control box 40, and each inlet control valve 27 is installed at the liquid inlet of each group of heating and descaling generators 23, and is used to control the oil to enter the corresponding group of heating and descaling generators 23 from the liquid inlet pipe 21; the plurality of outlet control valves 28 are connected to the control box 40; each outlet control valve 28 is installed at the liquid outlet of each group of heating and descaling generators 23, and is used to control the oil to enter the liquid outlet pipe 24 from the corresponding group of heating and descaling generators 23;

[0039] After determining a group of heating and descaling generators 23 that need to be cleaned, the control box 40 controls the corresponding inlet control valve 27 and outlet control valve 28 to close.

[0040] Specifically, an inlet control valve 27 is installed on the pipeline of the liquid inlet of each group of heating and descaling generators 23, and an outlet control valve 28 is installed on the pipeline of the liquid outlet, and both the inlet control valve 27 and the outlet control valve 28 are electrically connected to the control box 40. After the control box 40 determines a group of heating and descaling generators 23 that need to be cleaned according to the pressure information of the pressure gauge, it closes the inlet control valve 27 and the outlet control valve 28 of the group, cuts off the oil flow of the group of equipment, and then the control box 40 sends out an alarm to prompt the operator to clean the group of heating and descaling generators 23.

[0041] In a possible implementation manner, the heating and descaling device 20 further includes an explosion-proof electric heater 29 installed on the water jacket box 22 . The explosion-proof electric heater 29 is used to heat the water in the water jacket box 22 .

[0042] Specifically, the explosion-proof electric heater 29, as a heating element of the system, has the characteristics of fast heating, low power, automatic temperature control, and meeting the requirements of explosion-proof and dry-burning prevention. The explosion-proof electric heater 29 is installed on the water jacket box 22 and is used to heat the water in the water jacket box 22. By heating, the water in the water jacket box can reach a certain temperature, and then the hot water is used to heat the heating and descaling generator 23 installed in the water jacket box 22, and the oil in the heating and descaling generator 23 is heated, and the descaling effect of the heating and descaling generator 23 on the oil is realized. The explosion-proof electric heater 29 is electrically connected to the control box 40, and the control box 40 controls the temperature in the water jacket box 22 by controlling the explosion-proof electric heater 29.

[0043] In a possible embodiment, the liquid storage device 30 includes a liquid storage tank 31, a liquid storage tank drain pipe 33 and an oil pump 34; the liquid storage tank 31 is connected to each group of heating and descaling generators 23 through the heating and descaling generator drain pipe 32, and the liquid storage tank 31 is used to temporarily store the oil in the heating and descaling generators 23 in the corresponding group when cleaning a group of heating and descaling generators 23; the first end of the liquid storage tank drain pipe 33 is connected to the liquid storage tank 31, and the second end of the liquid storage tank drain pipe 33 is connected to the liquid outlet pipe 24, and the liquid storage tank drain pipe 33 is used to discharge the oil in the liquid storage tank 31 into the liquid outlet pipe 24; the oil pump 34 is arranged on the liquid storage tank drain pipe 33, and the oil pump 34 is used to provide power for the transportation of the oil in the liquid storage tank drain pipe 33.

[0044] Specifically, a drainage branch pipe 235 is provided at the bottom of each heating and descaling generator 23 in each group of heating and descaling generators 23, and each drainage branch pipe 235 in each group of heating and descaling generators 23 is connected to the drainage pipe 32 of the heating and descaling generator of each group, and each heating and descaling generator drainage pipe 32 is connected to the liquid storage tank 31. A control valve is provided on the drainage pipe 32 of the heating and descaling generator, and the control valve is electrically connected to the control box 40. When it is necessary to clean a group of heating and descaling generators 23, the control box 40 closes the corresponding inlet control valve 27 and outlet control valve 28 of the group, and opens the control valve on the corresponding drainage pipe 32 of the heating and descaling generator, so that the oil in the group of heating and descaling generators 23 and the corresponding pipeline enters the liquid storage tank 31.

[0045] The water jacket box 22 is divided into an upper and lower structure. Water is pre-stored in the upper space. The heating and descaling generators 23 are placed in the upper space and covered with water. A cover plate is provided on the top. An explosion-proof electric heater 29 is also installed in the upper space to heat the water in the upper space. A water inlet is also provided on the cover plate on the top of the water jacket box 22, through which water is injected into the upper space of the water jacket box 22. The lower space is used to arrange the drainage branch pipe 235 and the heating and descaling generator drainage pipe 32. The outlet of the heating and descaling generator drainage pipe 32 extends from the water jacket box 22 and is connected to the liquid storage tank 31. The liquid storage tank 31 is a normal pressure container, and its internal volume is much larger than the sum of the drainage volumes of all heating and descaling generators 23 and pipelines, so as to facilitate the reception of oil discharged during operation.

[0046] The liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank 31 is connected to a liquid storage tank discharge pipe 33, and the liquid storage tank discharge pipe 33 discharges the oil in the liquid storage tank 31 into the liquid outlet pipe 24, and the liquid outlet pipe 24 is a four-way outlet. The oil pump 34 provided on the liquid storage tank discharge pipe 33 provides a conveying power for conveying the oil in the liquid storage tank 31 to the liquid outlet pipe 24. In addition, under the negative pressure of the oil pump 34, the oil in a group of heating and descaling generators 23 to be cleaned can also be more smoothly discharged into the liquid storage tank 31.

[0047] In a possible implementation, the liquid storage device 30 further includes a liquid level meter 35, which is installed on the liquid storage tank 31 and connected to the control box 40. The liquid level meter 35 is used to monitor the liquid level information of the oil in the liquid storage tank 31 and send the liquid level information to the control box 40;

[0048] The control box 40 controls the opening and closing of the oil pump 34 according to the received liquid level information.

[0049] Specifically, a liquid level meter 35 is provided on the liquid storage tank 31 to monitor the liquid level information of the oil in the liquid storage tank 31 . When the liquid level of the oil in the liquid storage tank 31 reaches a preset liquid level height, the control box 40 controls the oil pump 34 to start.

[0050] In a possible embodiment, the liquid storage device 30 also includes a check valve 36, which is installed on the liquid storage tank drain pipe 33 and is located between the oil pump 34 and the liquid outlet pipe 24. The check valve 36 is used to prevent the oil in the liquid outlet pipe 24 from entering the liquid storage tank drain pipe 33.

[0051] Specifically, the main function of the check valve 36 is to prevent the medium from flowing back. The check valve 36 can effectively prevent the oil in the outlet pipe 24 from flowing back into the liquid storage tank discharge pipe 33. When the oil flows normally, the valve flap of the check valve will be pushed open by the medium pressure, allowing the oil to pass smoothly; when the oil tries to flow back, the valve flap will quickly close under the dual effects of its own weight and the pressure of the backflow medium, thereby cutting off the backflow path.

[0052] In a possible implementation, the heating descaling generator 23 includes a support leg 231, a cylinder 232, a descaling filter element assembly 233 and a pressure cover 234; the cylinder 232 is installed above the support leg 231, and the cylinder 232 is used to contain oil; the descaling filter element assembly 233 is placed in the cylinder 232, and the descaling filter element assembly 233 causes scaling molecules in the oil in the cylinder 232 in a heated state; the pressure cover 234 is installed above the cylinder 232, and is used to cover the cylinder 232.

[0053] Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, the cylinder 232 is welded and fixed with a plurality of legs 231 to play a stabilizing role. The cylinder 232 is welded with a cylinder liquid inlet 236 and a cylinder liquid outlet 237 on both sides. After the oil enters the cylinder through the cylinder liquid inlet and reacts, it flows out through the cylinder liquid outlet. Flanges are welded on the end faces of the cylinder liquid inlet 236 and the cylinder liquid outlet 237 to facilitate connection and installation with the pipe string and other heating and descaling generators 23.

[0054] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 The left view of Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, a descaling filter element assembly 233 is placed inside the cylinder 232, and the descaling filter element assembly 233 is mainly composed of a suspension plate 2331 and a scaling fin 2332. The suspension plate 2331 is hung on the boss on the inner surface of the cylinder 232, and the scaling fin 2332 is in the form of a spiral winding column, and each scaling fin 2332 is detachably connected to the suspension plate 2331. The scaling fin 2332 is made of an iron-based alloy, which usually has a complex crystal structure, including defects such as grain boundaries, dislocations, and vacancies. These defects can be used as active sites. These active sites can adsorb free scaling ions in the oil. When the free scaling ions are adsorbed on the active sites, the distance between them is shortened, thereby increasing the chance of mutual collision and combination, thereby concentrating scaling. When in a constant temperature heating state, the adsorption effect of the active sites on the reactant molecules can be enhanced. This enhancement allows more scaling molecules to be adsorbed on the active sites, thereby increasing the rate and efficiency of the catalytic reaction. The iron-based alloy can combine the free scaling ions in the oil to generate solid precipitates, i.e., scaling products; the spiral structure of a single scaling fin 2332 can further increase the scaling efficiency and effect; the surface of the scaling fin 2332 has a high roughness through die forging and shot blasting, which can produce interception resistance to the oil, increase the reaction time and increase the reaction contact area, and through the rough surface, greatly increase the friction and collision of molecules in the oil, and promote the combination reaction between molecules; on the other hand, by suspending multiple groups of scaling fins 2332, the spiral blades form multiple cavities for storing and hanging scaling precipitates, so that the products after the scaling reaction are concentrated, achieving the effect of concentrated scaling, and also facilitating later cleaning; since the scaling fin 2332 is detachably suspended, when cleaning is required, it is only necessary to take out the descaling filter element assembly 233, remove the scaling fins 2332 one by one, and knock or vibrate accordingly to shake off the scale on the scaling fin 2332.

[0055] A pressure cover 234 is provided above the cylinder 232 , and the pressure cover 234 seals and covers the cylinder 232 , preventing external water or impurities from entering the cylinder 232 and contaminating the oil during normal operation.

[0056] In a possible embodiment, the pressure cover 234 includes a pressure cover flange 2341, a flange cover 2342 and a lifting screw rod 2343; the pressure cover flange 2341 is fixed to the top of the cylinder 232, and a spline-type inner hole is provided inside the pressure cover flange 2341; the flange cover 2342 is provided with an external spline, and the external spline is tightly matched with the spline-type inner hole; the lifting screw rod 2343 is vertically installed on the flange cover 2342, and is used to lift the flange cover 2342 under the action of external force.

[0057] Specifically, the gland 234 includes a gland flange 2341 welded on the top of the cylinder 232. The gland flange 2341 is processed with a splined inner hole, which matches the outer spline of the flange cover 2342, so as to facilitate the fixation and locking between the two. A lifting screw rod 2343 is fixedly installed on the flange cover 2342 and fixed by a pressing plate 2344. The lifting screw rod 2343 is processed with a keyway on the outside.

[0058] The outside of the gland flange 2341 is welded with a fixed shaft assembly 2345, and a bearing is arranged inside the fixed shaft assembly 2345. One end of the rocker arm 2346 is movably fixed inside the fixed shaft assembly 2345 and connected to the bearing. The other end of the rocker arm 2346 is welded with a fixed sleeve 2347, and a keyway is machined in the inner hole of the fixed sleeve 2347. The keyway matches the keyway on the outside of the lifting screw rod 2343, and the fixed sleeve 2347 and the lifting screw rod 2343 are key-connected by a flat key 2348. A handwheel 2349 is installed at the top of the lifting screw rod 2343 through a trapezoidal thread. By rotating the handwheel 2349, the flange cover 2342 can be lifted and separated from the gland flange 2341 under the joint action of the lifting screw rod 2343, the fixed shaft assembly 2345, the rocker arm 2346, the fixed sleeve 2347 and the flat key 2348.

[0059] By rotating the rocker arm 2346, the flange cover 2342 can be rotated to one side under the joint action of the fixed shaft assembly 2345 and the bearing inside the flange cover 2345, so as to facilitate the removal of the descaling filter element assembly 233 in the cylinder 232 through the inner hole of the gland flange 2341. A fixing block 2350 is also provided at the edge of the upper end surface of the flange cover 2342. The fixing block 2350 is designed with a through hole, which matches the outer diameter of the wrench 2351. When the flange cover 2342 needs to be rotated, the flange cover 2342 can be easily locked or opened by simply inserting the wrench 2351 into the through hole of the fixing block 2350. The wrench 2351 is a detachable universal part.

[0060] In this application, a dedicated APP for remote real-time monitoring and control is also developed in conjunction with the electronic control system to achieve intelligent control of crude oil heating and concentrated scaling performance, greatly improve wellbore pump efficiency and oil recovery rate, and further improve the reliability and coverage of "big monitoring" by connecting to the SCADA station control system.

[0061] This device can replace the existing gas heating furnace and electromagnetic heating device of the well group, effectively avoiding defects and problems on site, and also has the process performance of centralized descaling. It can solve the contradiction between heating crude oil to remove wax and producing more scale, achieve heating and wax removal, and concentrate and remove scale molecules in the oil in advance, thus protecting the effective operation of the back-end equipment. This device is skid-shaped as a whole, with a compact and beautiful appearance, and can be installed at the wellhead or well station at will. There is no oil discharge during use, and the operation process is intelligently controlled, which greatly improves the safety and reliability of on-site production and reduces the production and operation costs.

[0062] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An oil heating and centralized descaling system, characterized in that: include: Base (10); A heating and descaling device (20) is installed on the base (10), the heating and descaling device (20) is connected to the on-site oil pipeline, and the heating and descaling device (20) is used to heat and descaling the crude oil extracted from the well; a liquid storage device (30) mounted on the base (10) and in communication with the heating and descaling device (20), the liquid storage device (30) being used to temporarily store the oil in the heating and descaling device (20) when the heating and descaling device (20) is cleaned; Wherein, the heating and descaling device (20) comprises: A liquid inlet pipe (21), connected to the on-site downhole oil pipe, for leading the downhole oil out; A water jacket box (22), wherein water is pre-stored in the water jacket box (22), and the water jacket box (22) is used to keep the water inside the water jacket box warm; A plurality of groups of heating and descaling generators (23) are arranged in the water of the water jacket box (22), each group of the heating and descaling generators (23) being respectively connected to the liquid inlet pipe (21), and the heating and descaling generators (23) are used to descaling the crude oil extracted from the well after being heated; A liquid outlet pipe (24) is in communication with each group of the heating and descaling generators (23), and the liquid outlet pipe (24) is used to discharge the oil after heating and descaling in the heating and descaling generators (23).

2. An oil heating and centralized descaling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each group of heating and descaling generators (23) are connected in parallel.

3. The oil heating and centralized descaling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil heating and centralized descaling system further comprises a control box (40), and the heating and descaling device (20) further comprises: a plurality of inlet pressure gauges (25), each of the inlet pressure gauges (25) being installed at the liquid inlet of each group of the heating and descaling generators (23) and being used to monitor the liquid inlet pressure of the group of the heating and descaling generators (23); a plurality of outlet pressure gauges (26), each of the outlet pressure gauges (26) being installed at the liquid outlet of each group of the heating and descaling generators (23) and being used to monitor the liquid outlet pressure of the group of the heating and descaling generators (23); The plurality of inlet pressure gauges (25) and the plurality of outlet pressure gauges (26) are all connected to the control box (40); the control box (40) determines whether the group of heating and descaling generators (23) needs to be cleaned according to the difference between the inlet and outlet pressures of each group of heating and descaling generators (23).

4. An oil heating and centralized descaling system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heating and descaling device (20) further comprises: a plurality of inlet control valves (27), the plurality of inlet control valves (27) being connected to the control box (40), each of the inlet control valves (27) being installed at the liquid inlet of each group of the heating and descaling generators (23) and being used to control the oil to enter the corresponding group of the heating and descaling generators (23) from the liquid inlet pipe (21); a plurality of outlet control valves (28), the plurality of outlet control valves (28) being connected to the control box (40); each outlet control valve (28) being installed at the liquid outlet of each group of the heating and descaling generators (23) and being used to control the oil from the corresponding group of the heating and descaling generators (23) to enter the liquid outlet pipe (24); Wherein, after determining a group of the heating and descaling generators (23) that need to be cleaned, the control box (40) controls the corresponding inlet control valve (27) and the outlet control valve (28) to be closed.

5. The oil heating and centralized descaling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating and descaling device (20) further comprises: An explosion-proof electric heater (29) is installed on the water jacket box (22), and the explosion-proof electric heater (29) is used to heat the water in the water jacket box (22).

6. The oil heating and centralized descaling system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The liquid storage device (30) comprises: A liquid storage tank (31) is connected to each group of the heating and descaling generators (23) via a heating and descaling generator discharge pipe (32), and the liquid storage tank (31) is used to temporarily store the oil in the heating and descaling generators (23) in the corresponding group when cleaning a group of the heating and descaling generators (23); a liquid storage tank drain pipe (33), wherein a first end of the liquid storage tank drain pipe (33) is in communication with the liquid storage tank (31), a second end of the liquid storage tank drain pipe (33) is in communication with the liquid outlet pipe (24), and the liquid storage tank drain pipe (33) is used to discharge the oil in the liquid storage tank (31) into the liquid outlet pipe (24); An oil pump (34) is arranged on the liquid storage tank discharge pipe (33), and the oil pump (34) is used to provide power for transporting the oil in the liquid storage tank discharge pipe (33).

7. An oil heating and centralized descaling system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The liquid storage device (30) further comprises: a liquid level meter (35), the liquid level meter (35) being mounted on the liquid storage tank (31) and connected to the control box (40), the liquid level meter (35) being used to monitor liquid level information of the oil in the liquid storage tank (31) and to send the liquid level information to the control box (40); The control box (40) controls the opening and closing of the oil pump (34) according to the received liquid level information.

8. The oil heating and centralized descaling system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The liquid storage device (30) further comprises: a check valve (36), the check valve (36) being mounted on the liquid storage tank discharge pipe (33) and being located between the oil pump (34) and the liquid outlet pipe (24), the check valve (36) being used to prevent the oil in the liquid outlet pipe (24) from entering the liquid storage tank discharge pipe (33).

9. The oil heating and centralized descaling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating and descaling generator (23) comprises: Legs (231); A cylinder (232) is installed above the supporting leg (231), and the cylinder (232) is used to contain oil; A descaling filter element assembly (233) is placed in the cylinder (232), and the descaling filter element assembly (233) causes scaling molecules in the oil in the cylinder to form scale when heated; A pressure cover (234), the pressure cover (234) is installed above the cylinder (232) and is used to cover the cylinder (232).

10. An oil heating and centralized descaling system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The gland (234) comprises: A gland flange (2341) is fixed to the top of the cylinder (232), and a spline inner hole is formed inside the gland flange (2341); The flange cover (2342) is provided with an external spline, wherein the external spline is tightly matched with the spline-type inner hole; The lifting screw rod (2343) is vertically mounted on the flange cover (2342) and is used to lift the flange cover (2342) under the action of an external force.

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