Three-hinged arch type pile foundation hydraulic supporting device and using method thereof

Abstract

A three-hinge arch type pile foundation hydraulic supporting device is characterized in that the inner ends of two arc-shaped supporting beams are concentrically hinged into a whole through a hinge shaft, energy-absorbing stand columns are arranged at the ends of the arc-shaped supporting beams, the upper ends of the energy-absorbing stand columns are hinged to the arc-shaped supporting beams, and the lower ends of the energy-absorbing stand columns are supported on piles on the ground of a roadway; hydraulic inclined supporting rods are arranged between the energy absorption stand columns and the arc-shaped supporting beams corresponding to the energy absorption stand columns, bases of the hydraulic inclined supporting rods are hinged to the upper middle portions of the telescopic energy absorption stand columns, and the telescopic ends of the hydraulic inclined supporting rods are hinged to the bottom faces of the inner ends of the arc-shaped supporting beams. According to the three-hinged arch type pile foundation hydraulic support, the problem that a middle section hydraulic stand column assists a supporting support in occupying the passage space of a roadway is solved, the utilization rate of the space of the roadway is increased, and the production efficiency in the roadway and the structural stability of the roadway are improved; meanwhile, a bottom beam structure is removed and replaced with the pile foundation, the pile foundation is used for restraining roadway floor heaving and the three-hinged arch synergistic effect, full-section multi-direction surrounding rock impact resistance is achieved, on-site carrying and mounting can be facilitated, and portability is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of tunnel support, and in particular to a three-hinged arch pile foundation hydraulic support device and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In response to the problem that ordinary tunnel support methods are difficult to resist the strong earthquake and strong impact caused by impact ground pressure, which leads to support failure, tunnel collapse and casualties, after ten years of continuous exploration, my country has developed a series of energy-absorbing and anti-impact hydraulic supports such as hydraulic lifting sheds, unit-type, self-moving, and portal types, and has successfully applied them in more than 30 impact ground pressure mines, achieving good anti-impact effects.

[0003] From the perspective of rock burst control in rock burst tunnels and the anti-impact effect of existing energy-absorbing and anti-impact hydraulic supports, the portal energy-absorbing and anti-impact hydraulic support, a full-section support form, has the advantages of being able to withstand impacts from different directions, the bottom beam controlling the bottom drum and stabilizing the support, and good synergy between the support and the tunnel surrounding rock. It is undoubtedly the optimal support structure choice for rock burst tunnels at present.

[0004] However, tunnel space is precious, and the tracks and bulky "base" structure together constitute the bottleneck problem of scientific and technological applicability of the portal energy-absorbing and anti-impact hydraulic support: first, the portal hydraulic support is a three-column structure, and the existence of the middle hydraulic column reduces the use of effective space in the tunnel, affecting tunnel transportation; second, the anti-impact column is hinged to the top and bottom beams of the support, and the left and right halves of the top beam are also hinged. The support has poor stability and cannot form a geometrically invariant structure, which is not conducive to the need for stronger support stability; third, the base of the support is bulky, and trenching is required for installation, which makes transportation difficult and inefficient, and is not conducive to portable transportation needs. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a three-hinged arch pile foundation hydraulic support device and a use method thereof.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a three-hinged arch type pile foundation hydraulic support device, comprising two arc-shaped support beams with the same curvature, the inner ends of the two arc-shaped support beams are concentrically hinged as a whole through a hinge shaft, a telescopic energy-absorbing column is arranged below the outer end of the arc-shaped support beam, and the telescopic energy-absorbing columns on both sides are symmetrically arranged; the upper end of the telescopic energy-absorbing column is hinged to the outer end of the arc-shaped support beam, the hinge point is located at the bottom surface of the end of the arc-shaped support beam, and the lower end is supported on the ground of the tunnel; the telescopic energy-absorbing column A hydraulic diagonal brace is provided between the arc-shaped support beam corresponding to it, an annular buckle is provided at the middle and upper part of the telescopic energy-absorbing column, a U-shaped seat is provided on the side of the annular buckle, the base of the hydraulic diagonal brace is hinged to the U-shaped seat of the annular buckle at the middle and upper part of the telescopic energy-absorbing column, the telescopic end of the hydraulic diagonal brace is hinged to the bottom surface of the inner end portion of the arc-shaped support beam, a seat plate is welded and fixed to the bottom surface of the arc-shaped support beam, the seat plate is provided with a U-shaped seat, and the telescopic end of the hydraulic diagonal brace is hinged in the U-shaped seat of the seat plate.

[0007] The telescopic energy-absorbing column comprises a high-pressure cylinder body, a low-pressure cylinder body and a piston rod. The diameters of the high-pressure cylinder body, the low-pressure cylinder body and the piston rod are gradually reduced. The upper end of the piston rod is hinged to the outer end of the arc-shaped support beam. The first piston arranged at the lower end of the piston rod is matched and installed in the high-pressure cylinder body. The upper port of the low-pressure cylinder body is provided with an annular limiting boss. The second piston arranged at the lower end of the high-pressure cylinder body is matched and installed in the low-pressure cylinder body. The upper port of the high-pressure cylinder body is provided with an annular limiting boss. High-pressure hydraulic oil is arranged in the high-pressure cylinder body, and low-pressure hydraulic oil is arranged in the low-pressure cylinder body.

[0008] Preferably, an energy absorbing sleeve is provided at the lower end of the low-pressure cylinder body, and an energy absorbing device is provided inside the energy absorbing sleeve. The internal space of the energy absorbing sleeve is larger than the size of the energy absorbing device itself, so as to meet the requirements of compression deformation of the energy absorbing device. The third piston arranged at the lower end of the low-pressure cylinder body is matched and installed in the energy absorbing sleeve.

[0009] Preferably, a groove is provided on the bottom surface of the end of the arc-shaped support beam, a transverse axis is provided in the groove, the upper end of the piston rod extends into the groove and is hinged to the transverse axis, a radial hole is provided at the upper end of the piston rod, and the transverse axis is inserted into the radial hole.

[0010] Preferably, a pile column is provided in the tunnel floor at a location corresponding to the telescopic energy-absorbing column, and the telescopic energy-absorbing column is connected to the upper end of the pile column.

[0011] A method for using a three-hinged arch type pile foundation hydraulic support device comprises the following steps: Drill two rows of circular pile holes at equal intervals on the ground on both sides of the tunnel. Arrange according to the support spacing, and then vertically drive the pile column into the pile hole. The length of the pile column matches the size of the pile hole, and the upper end of the pile column is flush with the ground surface. ② Adjust the telescopic energy-absorbing columns on both sides of the support device to the retracted state, and then connect the lower ends of the telescopic energy-absorbing columns to the upper ends of the piles by hinged connection, so that there is a certain margin of movement between the telescopic energy-absorbing columns and the piles; ③ Keep the telescopic energy-absorbing column in a vertical state, drive its high-pressure cylinder and piston rod to rise slowly, and the telescopic energy-absorbing columns on both sides rise synchronously, and initially push the two arc-shaped support beams on the top surface of the tunnel; ④ Synchronously drive the two hydraulic diagonal braces to press the hinged ends of the two arc-shaped support beams upward, so that the middle part of the support beam is pressed tightly against the top surface of the tunnel, and then synchronously drive the two telescopic energy-absorbing columns to further press the outer ends of the two arc-shaped support beams upward, so that the ends of the support beam are pressed tightly against the top surface of the tunnel; ⑤ Alternately drive the hydraulic diagonal support rods and the telescopic energy-absorbing columns according to step ④ until the arc-shaped support beam is firmly supported on the top surface of the tunnel.

[0012] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are: (1) The three-hinged arch pile foundation hydraulic support forms a geometrically inconvenient triangular support structure on the arc support beam by setting hydraulic diagonal struts, so that the upper parts of both sides of the support form an independent rigid body, providing a stable support force for the support, solving the problem of occupying the passage space of the tunnel by auxiliary support of the middle section hydraulic column, improving the utilization rate of the tunnel space, and helping to improve the production efficiency in the tunnel and the stability of its structure; at the same time, the bottom beam structure is removed and replaced by a pile foundation, which suppresses the bottom drum of the tunnel through the pile foundation and the synergistic effect of the three-hinged arch, realizing full-section multi-directional resistance to surrounding rock impact, and can be easily transported and installed on site, enhancing portability.

[0013] (2) The hydraulic column of the three-hinged arch pile foundation hydraulic support adopts a double telescopic structure and is provided with an energy-absorbing sleeve with a built-in energy-absorbing device at the bottom, forming a multi-level cascaded energy-absorbing and anti-impact column, which can provide a strong anti-impact support force for the support, has a stronger ability to resist the impact of the tunnel surrounding rock, and has higher safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 is a support state diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the support device; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 AA section structure schematic diagram.

[0015] In the figure, 1. arc-shaped support beam, 11. hinge shaft, 12. groove, 13. horizontal axis, 2. telescopic energy-absorbing column, 21. piston rod, 211. first piston, 22. high-pressure cylinder, 221. second piston, 23. low-pressure cylinder, 231. third piston, 24. high-pressure hydraulic oil, 25. low-pressure hydraulic oil, 26. energy-absorbing sleeve, 261. energy-absorbing device, 3. hydraulic diagonal support rod, 4. pile column, 5. tunnel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] Embodiment 1, see attached Figure 1-3 A three-hinged arch pile foundation hydraulic support device comprises two arc-shaped support beams 1 of the same curvature, the inner ends of the two arc-shaped support beams are concentrically hinged as a whole through a hinge shaft 11, the two arc-shaped support beams 1 can rotate relative to each other to improve the tightness of the fit with the top of the tunnel 5, which is conducive to improving the support stability, and a telescopic energy-absorbing column 2 is arranged below the outer end of the arc-shaped support beam 1; the upper end of the telescopic energy-absorbing column 2 is hinged to the outer end of the arc-shaped support beam, and the lower end is supported on the ground of the tunnel 5, and a hydraulic diagonal brace is arranged between the telescopic energy-absorbing column 2 and the corresponding arc-shaped support beam 1 Rod 3, the base of the hydraulic diagonal support rod is hinged to the middle and upper part of the telescopic energy-absorbing column 2, and the telescopic end of the hydraulic diagonal support rod 3 is hinged to the bottom surface of the inner end portion of the arc-shaped support beam 1. By arranging the hydraulic diagonal support rod, a geometrically inconvenient triangular support structure is formed on the arc-shaped support beam 1, so that the upper parts of both sides of the bracket form an independent rigid body respectively, providing a stable supporting force for the bracket, solving the problem of occupying the passage space of the lane 5 by auxiliary support of the middle section hydraulic column, improving the utilization rate of the space of the lane 5, and being beneficial to improving the production efficiency in the lane 5 and the stability of its structure.

[0017] The hydraulic diagonal brace rod 3 is connected to the column through an annular buckle seat. The size and model of the hydraulic diagonal brace rod 3 and the model of the connecting piece should be determined in combination with the support conditions of the tunnel 5.

[0018] The telescopic energy-absorbing column 2 includes a high-pressure cylinder body 22, a low-pressure cylinder body 23 and a piston rod 21. The upper end of the piston rod 21 is hinged to the outer end of the arc-shaped support beam 1. The first piston 211 arranged at the lower end of the piston rod 21 is matched and installed in the high-pressure cylinder body 22 to form a primary energy-absorbing buffer structure. The second piston 221 arranged at the lower end of the high-pressure cylinder body 22 is matched and installed in the low-pressure cylinder body 23 to form a secondary energy-absorbing buffer structure. High-pressure hydraulic oil 24 is provided in the high-pressure cylinder body 22, and low-pressure hydraulic oil 25 is provided in the low-pressure cylinder body 23. An energy-absorbing sleeve 26 is provided at the lower end of the low-pressure cylinder body 23, and an energy-absorbing device 261 is provided inside the energy-absorbing sleeve 26. The energy-absorbing device 261 is a thin-walled metal cylinder structure with a special geometric shape. When subjected to an impact load, it will be crushed from the fold to achieve the purpose of giving way, absorbing energy and preventing impact. The third piston 231 arranged at the lower end of the low-pressure cylinder body 23 is matched and installed in the energy-absorbing sleeve 26 to form a three-stage energy-absorbing buffer structure. This multi-stage cascade energy-absorbing and anti-impact column can provide a strong impact-resistant support force for the bracket, and has a stronger ability to resist the impact of the surrounding rock of tunnel 5 and higher safety.

[0019] A groove 12 is provided on the bottom surface of the end of the arc-shaped support beam 1, and a transverse axis 13 is provided in the groove 12. The upper end of the piston rod 21 extends into the groove 12 and is hinged to the transverse axis 13. The piston rod 21 extends into the interior of the arc-shaped support beam 1 and is hinged thereto, which has a better effect in resisting lateral shear force and a high hinge stability.

[0020] A pile column 4 is provided on the ground of the tunnel 5 corresponding to the telescopic energy-absorbing column 2. The pile column is a steel column with a diameter of 150 mm. The telescopic energy-absorbing column 2 is connected to the upper end of the pile column 4. The bottom beam structure is removed and replaced with a pile foundation. The pile foundation suppresses the bottom drum of the tunnel 5 and cooperates with the three-hinged arch to achieve full-section and multi-directional resistance to surrounding rock impact, and can facilitate on-site transportation and installation, thereby enhancing portability.

[0021] Embodiment 2, see attached Figure 1-3 , a method for using a three-hinged arch pile foundation hydraulic support device, the steps are as follows: ① Drill two rows of pile holes at equal intervals on the ground on both sides of the tunnel 5. The pile hole spacing is arranged according to the support spacing. Then, vertically drive the pile column 4 into the pile hole. The upper end of the pile column 4 is flush with the ground surface. ② Adjust the telescopic energy-absorbing columns 2 on both sides of the support device to the retracted state, and then connect the lower ends of the telescopic energy-absorbing columns 2 to the upper ends of the pile columns 4 by hinged connection; ③ Keep the telescopic energy-absorbing column 2 in a vertical state, drive its high-pressure cylinder 22 and piston rod 21 to slowly rise upward, and initially push and support the two upper arc-shaped support beams 1 on the top surface of the tunnel 5; ④ Synchronously drive the two hydraulic diagonal braces 3 to press the hinged ends of the two arc-shaped support beams 1 upward, so that the middle part of the support beam is pressed tightly against the top surface of the tunnel 5, and then synchronously drive the two telescopic energy-absorbing columns 2 to further press the outer ends of the two arc-shaped support beams 1 upward, so that the ends of the support beam are pressed tightly against the top surface of the tunnel 5; ⑤ Alternately drive the hydraulic diagonal support rods 3 and the telescopic energy-absorbing columns 2 in the manner of step ④ until the arc-shaped support beam 1 is firmly supported on the top surface of the tunnel 5 .

Claims

1. A three-hinged arch pile foundation hydraulic support device, characterized by: It comprises two arc-shaped support beams with the same curvature, the inner ends of the two arc-shaped support beams are concentrically hinged as a whole through a hinge shaft, a telescopic energy-absorbing column is provided below the outer end of the arc-shaped support beam, the upper end of the telescopic energy-absorbing column is hinged to the outer end of the arc-shaped support beam, and the lower end is supported on the ground of the tunnel; a hydraulic diagonal brace rod is provided between the telescopic energy-absorbing column and the corresponding arc-shaped support beam, the base of the hydraulic diagonal brace rod is hinged to the middle and upper part of the telescopic energy-absorbing column, and the telescopic end of the hydraulic diagonal brace rod is hinged to the bottom surface of the inner end part of the arc-shaped support beam.

2. A three-hinged arch pile foundation hydraulic support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic energy-absorbing column includes a high-pressure cylinder, a low-pressure cylinder and a piston rod. The upper end of the piston rod is hinged to the outer end of the arc-shaped support beam. The first piston arranged at the lower end of the piston rod is matched and installed in the high-pressure cylinder. The second piston arranged at the lower end of the high-pressure cylinder is matched and installed in the low-pressure cylinder. High-pressure hydraulic oil is provided in the high-pressure cylinder, and low-pressure hydraulic oil is provided in the low-pressure cylinder.

3. A three-hinged arch pile foundation hydraulic support device according to claim 2, characterized in that: An energy absorbing sleeve is arranged at the lower end of the low-pressure cylinder body, an energy absorbing device is arranged inside the energy absorbing sleeve, and a third piston arranged at the lower end of the low-pressure cylinder body is matched and installed in the energy absorbing sleeve.

4. A three-hinged arch type pile foundation hydraulic support device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the end of the arc-shaped support beam is provided with a groove, a transverse axis is arranged in the groove, and the upper end of the piston rod extends into the groove and is hinged with the transverse axis.

5. The three-hinged arch pile foundation hydraulic support device and the use method thereof according to claim 1 are characterized in that: A pile column is arranged in the tunnel ground at a position corresponding to the telescopic energy absorbing column, and the telescopic energy absorbing column is connected to the upper end of the pile column.

6. A method for using a three-hinged arch pile foundation hydraulic support device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, Its characteristics include the following steps: ① Drill two rows of pile holes at equal intervals on the ground on both sides of the tunnel. The spacing between the pile holes is arranged according to the support spacing. Then, vertically drive the piles into the pile holes, and the upper ends of the piles are flush with the ground surface. ② Adjust the telescopic energy-absorbing columns on both sides of the support device to the retracted state, and then connect the lower ends of the telescopic energy-absorbing columns to the upper ends of the pile columns by hinged connection; ③ Keep the telescopic energy-absorbing column in a vertical state, drive its high-pressure cylinder and piston rod to slowly rise upward, and initially push the two arc-shaped support beams on the top surface of the tunnel; ④ Synchronously drive the two hydraulic diagonal braces to press the hinged ends of the two arc-shaped support beams upward, so that the middle part of the support beam is pressed tightly against the top surface of the tunnel, and then synchronously drive the two telescopic energy-absorbing columns to further press the outer ends of the two arc-shaped support beams upward, so that the ends of the support beam are pressed tightly against the top surface of the tunnel; ⑤ Alternately drive the hydraulic diagonal support rods and the telescopic energy-absorbing columns according to step ④ until the arc-shaped support beam is firmly supported on the top surface of the tunnel.

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