Tunnel positive pressure air exhaust type rapid dust fall ventilation device

Abstract

The invention provides a tunnel positive pressure exhaust type rapid dust fall ventilation device, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering. The tunnel positive pressure air exhaust type rapid dust falling ventilation device comprises a walking assembly, a dust falling assembly and an air pipeline. The sensing element is used for sensing the surrounding environment of the walking assembly; the atomizer is used for atomizing stored liquid, and a mist exhaust port of the atomizer is communicated with an atomizing flow guide pipe; a draught fan is in butt joint with the position between the rear end of the front air pipe and the front end of the rear air pipe. A traditional out-hole fan fixing device is converted into an in-hole movable device, and the purposes of dust falling and ventilation of a working face can be achieved more quickly; the sensing technology is applied to monitor the sanitary environment index in the tunnel in real time, and the fan is automatically sensed and controlled to operate to improve the working environment in the tunnel; rapid dust fall and ventilation of a working face can be achieved, the construction environment of the working face is monitored in real time, workers always work in a healthy environment, and the occurrence probability of occupational diseases is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of tunnel engineering, and in particular to a tunnel positive pressure exhaust type rapid dust reduction ventilation device. Background Art

[0002] At present, tunnel engineering is an important structure for roads or railways to pass through mountains. Its excavation and support methods are also determined by the construction environment and surrounding rock grade. There are many ways to excavate tunnels in China, but the most common ones are drilling and blasting and mechanical excavation. No matter which excavation and support method is used, a good working environment is required. The sanitary environment in the cave is an important indicator for tunnel construction control, including the oxygen content of the air, dust concentration, harmful gas concentration, temperature and noise.

[0003] The space inside the tunnel is relatively closed, and the ventilation conditions are often poor. During the tunnel construction process, rock excavation, transportation, loading and unloading and other operations will generate a lot of dust. Long-term inhalation by workers may lead to serious lung diseases such as silicosis. It will also damage the workers' respiratory system, causing symptoms such as coughing and difficulty breathing, and may also cause skin allergies, conjunctivitis and other diseases. In addition, poor ventilation will lead to a decrease in oxygen content. Workers working in an oxygen-deficient environment are prone to symptoms such as dizziness, fatigue, and lack of concentration, which seriously affects work efficiency and safety. At the same time, poor ventilation will prevent harmful gases in the tunnel from being discharged in time, such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, etc., which continue to accumulate. Long-term exposure to such an environment may damage the workers' respiratory system, nervous system, cardiovascular system, etc., and even endanger their lives.

[0004] At present, the main way to improve the sanitary environment in the cave is to install fans outside the cave, gradually transport fresh air from outside the cave to the working surface inside the cave through the air duct, and after the air in the cave forms a backflow, the polluted air is discharged outside the cave;

[0005] The above-mentioned prior art solutions have the following defects: conventionally, a fan is installed outside the cave to transport fresh air outside the cave into the cave, which has low dust reduction efficiency and poor ventilation at the bottom of the cave. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to make up for the above shortcomings, the present application provides a tunnel positive pressure exhaust type rapid dust reduction ventilation device, which aims to improve the problems of low dust reduction efficiency and poor ventilation at the bottom of the tunnel.

[0007] The embodiment of the present application provides a tunnel positive pressure exhaust type rapid dust reduction ventilation device, including a walking component, a dust reduction component and an air duct pipeline;

[0008] The walking component is equipped with a sensing element, which is used to sense the surrounding environment of the walking component; the dust reduction component includes a container and an atomizer, the container is fixedly installed with the walking component, the atomizing end of the atomizer extends into the container to atomize the stored liquid, and the mist discharge port of the atomizer is connected to an atomization guide pipe;

[0009] The air duct pipeline is installed on the upper part of the walking component, and the air duct pipeline includes a front air duct and a rear air duct. A fan is connected to the position between the rear end of the front air duct and the front end of the rear air duct, and a soft air duct is connected to the rear end of the rear air duct.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the traveling assembly comprises a crawler-type traveling vehicle, a lifting assembly is installed on the chassis of the crawler-type traveling vehicle, and the air duct pipeline is installed on the upper end of the lifting assembly.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lifting assembly is a scissor-type lift, and the air duct pipeline is installed and fixed on the upper end of the scissor-type lift.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an installation air duct is connected between the front air duct and the rear air duct, the fan is installed in the installation air duct, and an inspection door is installed on the side wall of the installation air duct.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first corrugated pipe is connected between the installation air duct and the front air duct, and the front air duct and the installation air duct are relatively slidably arranged along the length direction.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rear air duct and the installation air duct are fixed to the upper end of the lifting assembly, an electric push rod is fixed to the upper end of the installation air duct, and the movable end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the front air duct.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a sliding sleeve is fixed to the upper end of the lifting assembly, a support rod is slidably inserted into the sliding sleeve, and one end of the support rod is fixedly connected to the front air duct.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the travel component is installed with a control cabinet, the control cabinet has a built-in wireless transmission and control system, and the outside of the control cabinet is electrically connected to a touch screen and a control switch.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of the sensing elements are provided, and the plurality of the sensing elements are distributed on the walking component and the outer surface of the air duct pipeline. The sensing elements include an oxygen content sensor, a dust concentration sensor, a gas sensor, a temperature sensor and a sound sensor; and are used to monitor oxygen content, dust concentration, harmful gas concentration, temperature and noise, etc.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the atomizing guide pipe includes a first guide pipe and a second guide pipe, one end of the first guide pipe extends to the front end of the front air duct, one end of the second guide pipe extends into the rear air duct, the container is connected to a second bellows, and the upper end of the second bellows is connected to the first guide pipe and the second guide pipe.

[0019] Beneficial effects: The present application provides a tunnel positive pressure exhaust type rapid dust reduction and ventilation device, which converts the traditional fixed fan device outside the tunnel into a movable type inside the tunnel, and can achieve the purpose of dust reduction and ventilation on the working surface more quickly; the application of sensing technology can monitor the sanitary environment index in the tunnel in real time, and automatically sense and control the operation of the fan to improve the working environment in the tunnel; it can achieve rapid dust reduction and ventilation on the working surface, and monitor the construction environment of the working surface in real time, so that workers can always work in a healthy environment and reduce the probability of occupational diseases. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the implementation methods of the present application, the drawings required for use in the implementation methods will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a tunnel positive pressure exhaust type rapid dust reduction ventilation device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the side structure of a tunnel positive pressure exhaust type rapid dust reduction ventilation device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a lifting assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the installed air duct provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the atomizing guide tube provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] In the figure: 100, walking assembly; 110, control cabinet; 300, dust suppression assembly; 310, container; 330, atomizer; 350, atomizing guide pipe; 351, first guide pipe; 352, second guide pipe; 370, second bellows; 500, air duct; 510, front air duct; 511, air inlet hopper; 530, rear air duct; 550, soft air duct; 570, fan; 580, first bellows; 590, installation air duct; 591, inspection door; 593, electric push rod; 700, lifting assembly; 710, sliding sleeve; 711, support rod; 5111, jet chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0028] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0030] See also Figure 1-Figure 5 The present invention provides a tunnel positive pressure exhaust type rapid dust reduction ventilation device, comprising a walking component 100, a dust reduction component 300 and an air duct line 500;

[0031] The walking component 100 is equipped with a sensing element, which is used to sense the surrounding environment of the walking component 100; the dust reduction component 300 includes a container 310 and an atomizer 330, the container 310 is fixedly installed with the walking component 100, the atomizing end of the atomizer 330 extends into the container 310 to atomize the stored liquid, and the mist discharge port of the atomizer 330 is connected to the atomization guide pipe 350;

[0032] The air duct line 500 is installed on the upper part of the walking component 100, and the air duct line 500 includes a front air duct 510 and a rear air duct 530. A fan 570 is connected to the position between the rear end of the front air duct 510 and the front end of the rear air duct 530, and a soft air duct 550 is connected to the rear end of the rear air duct 530. The fan 570 can be an axial flow fan or a centrifugal fan. The advantages of the axial flow fan are that it is relatively smaller in size, has good starting performance, smooth speed regulation, a wide speed regulation range, low noise and no noise, and a relatively large torque, that is, a relatively large rotational force, which is suitable for use in shorter tunnels. Centrifugal fans can be used in some longer tunnels with poor sanitary environment. Centrifugal fans are suitable for occasions where stronger wind power is required.

[0033] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the walking assembly 100 includes a crawler-type walking trolley, a lifting assembly 700 is installed on the chassis of the crawler-type walking trolley, and the air duct pipeline 500 is installed on the upper end of the lifting assembly 700. The walking assembly 100 adopts a crawler-type walking trolley, which is more suitable for the bumpy environment in the tunnel during tunnel excavation. The walking trolley adopts a remote control type or a hand-held type, and the worker can operate it on the side of the machine without setting up a cockpit.

[0034] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the lifting assembly 700 is a scissor-type lift, and the air duct pipeline 500 is installed and fixed on the upper end of the scissor-type lift.

[0035] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, an installation air duct 590 is connected between the front air duct 510 and the rear air duct 530 , the fan 570 is installed in the installation air duct 590 , and an inspection door 591 is installed on the side wall of the installation air duct 590 .

[0036] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a first corrugated tube 580 is connected between the installation air duct 590 and the front air duct 510, and the front air duct 510 and the installation air duct 590 are relatively slidably arranged along the length direction. By sliding the front air duct 510 to stretch or contract the first corrugated tube 580, the distance between the exhaust port of the front air duct 510 and the bottom of the cave can be adjusted.

[0037] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the rear air duct 530 and the installation air duct 590 are fixed to the upper end of the lifting assembly 700 , an electric push rod 593 is fixed to the upper end of the installation air duct 590 , and the movable end of the electric push rod 593 is fixedly connected to the front air duct 510 .

[0038] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a sliding sleeve 710 is fixed to the upper end of the lifting assembly 700 , and a support rod 711 is slidably inserted into the sliding sleeve 710 , and one end of the support rod 711 is fixedly connected to the front air duct 510 .

[0039] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the walking component 100 is installed with a control cabinet 110, the control cabinet 110 has a built-in wireless transmission and control system, and the control cabinet 110 is electrically connected to a touch screen and a control switch. An offline software control system is installed on the device, and workers can directly control the device on the device, and can also view various monitoring data and the operating status of each device through the display screen; the software control system then uses Internet technology to realize external network control of computer terminals and mobile phone APPs. The software is mainly composed of a data cable, a display screen and an operating system.

[0040] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of the sensing elements are provided, and the plurality of the sensing elements are distributed on the outer surface of the walking component 100 and the air duct pipeline 500, and the sensing elements include an oxygen content sensor, a dust concentration sensor, a gas sensor, a temperature sensor and a sound sensor; and are used to monitor oxygen content, dust concentration, harmful gas concentration, temperature and noise, etc.

[0041] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the atomizing guide tube 350 includes a first guide tube 351 and a second guide tube 352, one end of the first guide tube 351 extends to the front end of the front air duct 510, and one end of the second guide tube 352 extends into the rear air duct 530, and the container 310 is connected to a second bellows 370, and the upper end of the second bellows 370 is connected to the first guide tube 351 and the second guide tube 352. Two dust reduction structures are provided, namely the first guide pipe 351 and the second guide pipe 352. The first guide pipe 351 is provided at the air inlet position. Before entering the fan 570, the polluted air forms an air convection zone with the micro-matter high-pressure spray to achieve the purpose of the first dust reduction. The polluted air is required to reach an air purification rate of 50% to 60% after the first purification; after passing through the fan 570, it enters the second air convection zone for secondary dust reduction. The second dust reduction is carried out in the rear air duct 530 through the second guide pipe 352, and the dust particles in the air are convected with the high-pressure spray again to achieve secondary air purification. The purified air directly flows from the rear air duct 530 into the soft air duct 550, and the second air purification rate is required to reach more than 95%.

[0042] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, an air pressure balance port is opened on the surface of the container 310, an air inlet scoop 511 is installed at the front end of the front air duct 510, a guide plate is provided at the lower end of 511, and the guide plate cooperates with the lower end surface of the air inlet scoop 511 to form a jet chamber 5111, and one end of the first guide pipe 351 is connected to the jet chamber 5111.

[0043] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a filter assembly is installed in the front air duct 510, an anti-backflow assembly is provided at the tail of the rear air duct 530, and the soft air duct 550 is arranged obliquely downward; the anti-backflow assembly is arranged to prevent the mist from liquefying and flowing back into the air duct line 500, and the liquid is guided to the outside of the hole through the soft air duct 550 by cooperating with the soft air duct 550 arranged obliquely downward.

[0044] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the atomizer 330 can be a pressure pump, which uses the pressure pump to atomize water into fine mist matching the size of dust particles; the atomizer 330 can also be an existing atomizing device. The dust reduction component 300 can use a micro-matter high-pressure dust reduction device installed on a crawler-type walking vehicle. The device mainly uses a high-performance pressure pump to atomize water into fine mist matching the size of dust particles, and the dust particles are wrapped by the mist particles to settle, thereby achieving the dust reduction effect.

[0045] Power supply system: The main power-consuming devices of the device are the fan 570 and the dust reduction component 300. The power of the fan 570 is between 22KW and 90KW, and the power of the dust reduction component 300 is between 7.5KW and 15KW. They are configured according to the operation requirements. The main cable adopts a three-phase five-wire TN-S power distribution system and is connected to the switch box of the device for use. The switch box is equipped with an automatic sensing switch.

[0046] Safety: The device can realize monitoring and intelligent control of the sanitary environment, so that the sanitary environment is always in a healthy state, providing a strong guarantee for the life safety of the operators.

[0047] Economical: The device can be automatically switched on and off according to the sanitary environment of the operation, reducing the power consumption of the fan 570; it can monitor various parameters in real time, greatly saving the labor of management personnel, and has certain economical efficiency.

[0048] Popularity: The main advantages of this device are that it can quickly reduce dust and ventilate, monitor the sanitary environment of the tunnel in real time, and check the safety status of the working surface environment in real time. It has a great improvement on the safety and quality management of the project and has a certain popularity.

[0049] The working principle of the positive pressure exhaust type rapid dust reduction ventilation device for the tunnel is as follows: when in use, the air inlet of the air duct line 500 is set near the tunnel face at the bottom, and the air outlet is set outside the tunnel. Under the action of the fan 570, fresh air reaches the tunnel face from outside the tunnel, and the dirty air is directly discharged from the air duct line 500 to the outside of the tunnel. The movable equipment can move synchronously with the excavation of the working face to ensure the sanitary environment of the working face in real time. The equipment is located near the construction site at the bottom of the tunnel, which improves the ventilation of the bottom of the tunnel, and gives priority to purifying the dust at the bottom of the tunnel, which is conducive to the construction and provides dust reduction efficiency; dust reduction, ventilation, sensing and remote control equipment and components are installed on the device to achieve the purpose of intelligent monitoring and intelligent control. The sensing elements can realize real-time monitoring and recording of indicators such as oxygen content, dust concentration, harmful gas concentration, temperature and noise in the cave. When the data exceeds the set parameters, the control system can automatically turn on the equipment switch and control the operation of fan 570 to improve the working environment through dust removal and ventilation. At the same time, the system can automatically analyze the environmental safety index, issue an over-limit warning in advance, and improve construction safety.

[0050] A tunnel positive pressure exhaust rapid dust reduction ventilation system suitable for the construction of long and large tunnels such as highways and railways is formed, and the sensor sensing technology is used to realize the real-time monitoring function of the tunnel environment; the dust reduction and ventilation equipment can achieve the purpose of rapid dust reduction and ventilation, and improve the working environment in the tunnel; a wireless transmission and control system is set up to form a set of Internet control software, and management personnel can control and view the safety status of the working surface environment through computer terminals and mobile phone APP software to improve construction safety.

[0051] Compared with traditional positive pressure exhaust equipment, it is more advanced and intelligent, and has more significant dust removal and ventilation effects. The successful development and application of this device will greatly improve the sanitary environment of tunnel construction, and will more quickly realize the functions of dust reduction, ventilation and environmental monitoring in the tunnel, which will greatly improve the safety and quality management of the tunnel.

[0052] In the specific implementation, a pilot project application is carried out, and the hygiene standards stipulated in the current "Railway Tunnel Construction Specifications" and "Highway Tunnel Construction Specifications" are used as parameters, requiring the following standards to be met:

[0053] (1) Oxygen content: The oxygen content in the air, the volume concentration shall not be less than 20%.

[0054] (2) Dust concentration: The allowable dust concentration is no more than 2 mg of free silica per cubic meter of air.

[0055] (3) Concentration of harmful gases: When blasting in a gas tunnel, the gas concentration in the airflow within 20 m of the blasting site must be less than 1.0%; the gas concentration in the total return air duct airflow should be less than 0.75%; when the gas concentration on the excavation surface is greater than 1.5%, all personnel must evacuate to a safe place.

[0056] (4) Harmful gas concentration: The maximum allowable concentration of harmful gases is: 30 mg / m3 for carbon monoxide, 100 mg / m3 under special circumstances when construction workers must enter the working surface, but the working time shall not exceed 30 minutes; 0.5% for carbon dioxide; 5 mg / m3 for nitrogen oxides (converted to NO2).

[0057] (5) Temperature: The temperature inside the tunnel shall not exceed 28°C.

[0058] (6) Noise: The noise level in the tunnel shall not exceed 90dB.

[0059] The above description is only an embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings.

Claims

1. A tunnel positive pressure exhaust type rapid dust reduction ventilation device, characterized in that: include A walking component (100), wherein the walking component (100) is equipped with a sensing element, and the sensing element is used to sense the surrounding environment of the walking component (100); A dust reduction component (300), the dust reduction component (300) comprising a container (310) and an atomizer (330), the container (310) being fixedly mounted on the walking component (100), the atomizing end of the atomizer (330) extending into the container (310) to atomize the stored liquid, and the mist discharge port of the atomizer (330) being connected to an atomizing guide pipe (350); An air duct pipeline (500), the air duct pipeline (500) being installed on the upper part of the walking assembly (100), the air duct pipeline (500) comprising a front air duct (510) and a rear air duct (530), a fan (570) being connected to a position between the rear end of the front air duct (510) and the front end of the rear air duct (530), and a soft air duct (550) being connected to the rear end of the rear air duct (530).

2. A tunnel positive pressure exhaust type rapid dust reduction ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The traveling assembly (100) comprises a crawler-type traveling vehicle, a lifting assembly (700) is installed on the chassis of the crawler-type traveling vehicle, and the air duct pipeline (500) is installed on the upper end of the lifting assembly (700).

3. A tunnel positive pressure exhaust type rapid dust reduction ventilation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting assembly (700) is a scissor-type lift, and the air duct pipeline (500) is installed and fixed on the upper end of the scissor-type lift.

4. A tunnel positive pressure exhaust type rapid dust reduction ventilation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: An installation air duct (590) is connected between the front air duct (510) and the rear air duct (530), the fan (570) is installed in the installation air duct (590), and an inspection door (591) is installed on the side wall of the installation air duct (590).

5. A tunnel positive pressure exhaust type rapid dust reduction ventilation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first corrugated tube (580) is butt-jointed between the installation air duct (590) and the front air duct (510), and the front air duct (510) and the installation air duct (590) are arranged to slide relative to each other along the length direction.

6. A tunnel positive pressure exhaust type rapid dust reduction ventilation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rear air duct (530) and the installation air duct (590) are fixed to the upper end of the lifting assembly (700), an electric push rod (593) is fixed to the upper end of the installation air duct (590), and the movable end of the electric push rod (593) is fixedly connected to the front air duct (510).

7. A tunnel positive pressure exhaust type rapid dust reduction ventilation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A sliding sleeve (710) is fixed to the upper end of the lifting assembly (700), and a support rod (711) is slidably inserted into the sliding sleeve (710), and one end of the support rod (711) is fixedly connected to the front air duct (510).

8. The tunnel positive pressure exhaust type rapid dust reduction ventilation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The walking component (100) is installed with a control cabinet (110), the control cabinet (110) has a built-in wireless transmission and control system, and the control cabinet (110) is externally electrically connected to a touch display screen and a control switch.

9. A tunnel positive pressure exhaust type rapid dust reduction ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensing elements are provided in plurality, and the plurality of sensing elements are distributed on the outer surface of the walking component (100) and the air duct pipeline (500), and the sensing elements include an oxygen content sensor, a dust concentration sensor, a gas sensor, a temperature sensor, and a sound sensor.

10. The tunnel positive pressure exhaust type rapid dust reduction ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The atomizing air guide pipe (350) comprises a first air guide pipe (351) and a second air guide pipe (352), one end of the first air guide pipe (351) extends to the front end of the front air duct (510), and one end of the second air guide pipe (352) extends into the rear air duct (530), and the container (310) is connected to a second bellows (370), and the upper end of the second bellows (370) is connected to the first air guide pipe (351) and the second air guide pipe (352).

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