Solid hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a solid hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system and a control method. The technical problems that an existing solid hydrogen storage and hydrogenation device is complex in structure and low in hydrogen storage and hydrogen desorption efficiency are mainly solved. The solid hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system comprises a solid hydrogen storage unit which is arranged in a hydrogen storage skid and is correspondingly communicated with a hydrogen source through a parallel branch unit, a hydrogenation gun group which is correspondingly communicated with the solid hydrogen storage unit through the parallel branch unit, and a purging and diffusing unit which is connected to an argon source, comprising a vacuumizing unit of a vacuum pump, an expansion interface used for being connected with an external solid hydrogen storage unit, and a cold and hot water circulation unit arranged in the cold and hot water skid and used for correspondingly exchanging heat with the solid hydrogen storage unit. Therefore, by means of the system, ordered and efficient hydrogen charging and discharging operation of the solid hydrogen storage unit can be achieved, meanwhile, hydrogen charging and discharging testing of the external solid hydrogen storage unit can be achieved, and the system has the advantages of being high in utilization rate and working efficiency, good in safety, convenient and fast to operate and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of hydrogen energy technology, and specifically to a solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system and a control method. Background Art

[0002] Solid-state hydrogen storage technology is a new type of hydrogen energy storage technology that can store hydrogen in a solid form. Among them, solid-state hydrogen storage technology mainly utilizes the adsorption capacity of solid materials for hydrogen to store hydrogen in solids by physical or chemical means. Among them, physical adsorption is mainly based on the high specific surface area of ​​porous materials, and hydrogen molecules are adsorbed on the surface through van der Waals forces; while chemical adsorption is the combination of hydrogen and other elements through ionic bonds or covalent bonds to generate materials such as metal hydrides, which can reversibly absorb and release hydrogen under specific conditions. Compared with conventional hydrogen storage tanks, solid-state hydrogen storage materials have a higher hydrogen storage density and can store more hydrogen, thereby improving the energy density and endurance of hydrogen energy systems; in addition, solid-state hydrogen storage materials can store hydrogen at room temperature and pressure, making the hydrogen storage process safer.

[0003] A patent document known to the inventor (publication number CN117212687A) discloses a solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation device, which includes a hydrogen storage unit, a water temperature regulation system and a control system. The solid-state hydrogen storage bottle is cooled during the filling process by circulating cold and hot water to improve the hydrogen absorption efficiency; the solid-state hydrogen storage bottle is heated during the filling process to improve the hydrogen release efficiency. However, the inventors found in the process of implementing the present embodiment, based on long-term practical experience, that, on the one hand, the device uses a hot and cold water circulation method to heat or cool the solid-state hydrogen storage bottle. During the switching between hot and cold water, since the water temperature in the pipeline cannot change suddenly, it is necessary to wait for a certain water circulation time after the switching between hot and cold water to reach the required heating or cooling temperature, thereby affecting the hydrogen storage or decomposition efficiency; on the other hand, since the capacity of a single solid-state hydrogen storage bottle of the solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation device is relatively small, in order to be suitable for large-scale hydrogen storage at hydrogen refueling stations, multiple hydrogen storage bottles need to be used in combination, which makes the hydrogen storage unit complicated. In addition, due to the small capacity of the solid-state hydrogen storage bottle, more frequent hydrogen storage and decomposition operations are required, and a long period of hot and cold water switching is required during each hydrogen storage and decomposition operation, further resulting in low hydrogen storage and decomposition efficiency.

[0004] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only used to deepen the understanding of the background technology of the present disclosure, and should not be regarded as acknowledging or suggesting in any form that the information constitutes the prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of at least one of the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system and a control method, which mainly solve the technical problems of the existing solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation devices having complex structures and low hydrogen storage and dehydrogenation efficiencies.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system is provided, which includes a solid-state hydrogen storage unit arranged in a hydrogen storage skid and connected to a hydrogen source via a parallel branch unit, a hydrogenation gun group connected to the solid-state hydrogen storage unit via the parallel branch unit, a purge and dispersion unit connected to an argon source, a vacuum unit including a vacuum pump and an expansion interface for connecting an external solid-state hydrogen storage unit, and a cold and hot water circulation unit arranged in a cold and hot water skid for corresponding heat exchange with the solid-state hydrogen storage unit; the parallel branch unit includes a corresponding A hydrogen discharge branch for outputting hydrogen from the solid-state hydrogen storage unit, each branch of which is connected in parallel and has a one-way valve and a shut-off valve in series, a hydrogen filling metering control branch and / or a hydrogen filling metering branch for correspondingly metering the filling or outputting the hydrogen mass flow, and an extension branch for correspondingly connecting with the extension interface; the cold and hot water circulation unit includes a cold water circulation pipeline and a hot water circulation pipeline respectively connected with water sources, and a reflux branch connected in parallel with the cold water circulation pipeline and the hot water circulation pipeline and used to pump water in the pipeline to the corresponding water source.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the solid-state hydrogen storage unit includes a plurality of solid-state hydrogen storage devices arranged in parallel, and the capacity of the solid-state hydrogen storage device is not less than 20 kg; the solid-state hydrogen storage unit is connected to the hydrogen gun group in sequence through the hydrogen discharge branch, the hydrogen filling metering control branch or the hydrogen filling metering branch.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the hydrogen filling metering control branch and / or the hydrogen filling metering branch is connected to the solid-state hydrogen storage unit via a hydrogen filling cut-off valve; the extension branch is connected in parallel with the hydrogen filling metering control branch and / or the hydrogen filling metering branch via an extension cut-off valve.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a mass flow controller is connected in series in the hydrogen filling and refueling metering control branch; and a mass flow meter is connected in series in the hydrogen filling and refueling metering branch.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, pressure transmitters are respectively provided in the pipeline corresponding to the parallel branch unit and the hydrogen source, in the pipeline corresponding to the parallel branch unit and the solid-state hydrogen storage unit, in the pipeline corresponding to the extension interface and the extension branch, and in the pipeline corresponding to the vacuum unit and the parallel branch unit.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the cold and hot water circulation unit includes air supply branches which are respectively connected in the cold water circulation pipeline and the hot water circulation pipeline and are connected in series with air supply valves, and the reflux branches are respectively connected in series with a buffer tank and a reflux pump for gas-liquid separation.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the hot and cold water circulation unit also includes a cold water tank correspondingly connected to the chiller and the cold water circulation pipeline, and a hot water tank correspondingly connected to the hot water unit and the hot water circulation pipeline; the cold water circulation pipeline and the hot water circulation pipeline respectively include several circulation branches used for corresponding heat exchange with the solid-state hydrogen storage unit and the external solid-state hydrogen storage unit and connected in series with electric valves.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system also includes a control unit, an IO module respectively arranged in the hydrogen storage skid and the hot and cold water skid for correspondingly controlling the parallel branch unit or the hot and cold water circulation unit and communicatively connected to the control unit, and a host computer communicatively connected to the control unit.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation control method is provided, which is implemented based on the above-mentioned solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system, and includes the following steps: (1) Before hydrogenation of solid-state hydrogen storage, disconnect the connection between the hydrogen source and the parallel branch unit and fully connect the parallel branch unit, and purge and release the system through the purge and release unit; (2) After the purging and release is completed, the connection between the argon gas source and the parallel branch unit is disconnected and the vacuum pump is started to exhaust the impurity gas in the parallel branch unit, the solid-state hydrogen storage unit and / or the external solid-state hydrogen storage unit through the vacuum pumping unit. After the set vacuum pressure is reached, the vacuum pump is turned off and the parallel branch unit is correspondingly turned off; (3) starting the cold water circulation pipeline accordingly, connecting the hydrogen filling metering control branch or the hydrogen filling metering branch, and the hydrogen source correspondingly fills hydrogen into the solid hydrogen storage unit. After the filling is completed, shutting off the hydrogen filling metering control branch or the hydrogen filling metering branch and the cold water circulation pipeline; (4) starting the cold water return branch corresponding to the cold water circulation pipeline to extract cold water from the cold water circulation pipeline, closing the cold water return branch and starting the hot water circulation pipeline, connecting the hydrogen discharge branch and the hydrogen filling metering control branch or the hydrogen filling metering branch, and performing hydrogenation operation through the hydrogenation gun assembly; (5) After the hydrogenation is completed and the hydrogen storage capacity of the solid-state hydrogen storage unit reaches the set lower limit, the hot water reflux branch corresponding to the hot water circulation pipeline is started to extract hot water from the hot water circulation pipeline, and step (3) is repeated to perform the filling operation of the solid-state hydrogen storage unit.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, in the step (2), there is a need to test the hydrogen storage and degassing performance of the external solid-state hydrogen storage unit and after the external solid-state hydrogen storage unit is purged, released and vacuumed, the cold water circulation pipeline is started accordingly, the hydrogen discharge branch, the hydrogen filling and adding metering control branch or the hydrogen filling and adding metering branch are turned on to fill the external solid-state hydrogen storage unit with hydrogen, and after the filling is completed, the cold water reflux branch corresponding to the cold water circulation pipeline is started; the hot water circulation pipeline is started accordingly, the extension branch, the hydrogen filling and adding metering control branch or the hydrogen filling and adding metering branch are turned on to fill the solid-state hydrogen storage unit with hydrogen from the external solid-state hydrogen storage unit, and after the filling is completed, the hot water reflux branch corresponding to the hot water circulation pipeline is started.

[0016] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least any of the following technical effects or advantages: 1. By adopting a large-capacity solid-state hydrogen storage device, the filling frequency of the solid-state hydrogen storage device is reduced, and the number of cold and hot water switching when filling the solid-state hydrogen storage device is reduced, thereby improving the use efficiency of the solid-state hydrogen storage device.

[0017] 2. The separate setting of hydrogen storage skid and hot and cold water skid can effectively ensure the intrinsic safety of the system during operation. Through the reflux branch in the hot and cold water circulation unit, the water in the circulation pipeline can be pumped back to the cold water tank or hot water tank before the hot and cold water switching, thereby improving the switching speed and timeliness of hot and cold water, which can effectively solve the problem of long switching cycle of existing hot and cold water.

[0018] 3. The IO modules that are connected to the control unit and distributed in the hydrogen storage skid and the hot and cold water skid can reduce the wiring between the station building and the on-site skid-mounted equipment, thereby reducing construction costs and wiring difficulty.

[0019] 4. The host computer communicates with the control unit, and the operation data can be monitored in the host computer, and historical data can be queried and report statistics can be realized, which improves the convenience of the control and interaction of the solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system and reduces the labor intensity of operators. At the same time, the host computer and the Internet of Things platform transmit data, which can realize remote data storage and query.

[0020] 5. The expansion interface can realize the connection between the solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system and the external solid-state hydrogen storage container, so as to realize the charging and discharging test of the external solid-state hydrogen storage container, avoid the construction of an additional test platform, and improve the functional diversity and applicability of the system.

[0021] 6. The orderly operation of hydrogen charging and discharging is realized by the corresponding on and off of the parallel branch units controlled by the control unit, which can reduce the complexity of the system pipelines, improve the pipeline utilization rate and reduce the system cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the partial structural principle of a solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system in a hydrogen storage skid in one embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the partial structural principle of a solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system in a hot and cold water skid in one embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a partial schematic diagram of the control part of the solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system in one embodiment of the present application.

[0025] In the above figures, 11 is a hydrogen inlet pipeline, 12 is a hydrogenation pipeline, 13 is an extension pipeline, 14 is a vacuum pipeline, 15 is an argon pipeline, 21 is a hydrogenation metering control branch, 211 is a mass flow controller, 22 is a hydrogenation metering branch, 221 is a mass flow meter, 23 is a hydrogenation branch, 24 is an extension branch, 25 is a release branch, 31 is a hydrogenation shut-off valve, 32 is an extension shut-off valve, 41 is a cold water tank, 42 ​​is a cold water tank, Unit, 43 is a hot water tank, 44 is a hot water unit, 45 is an expansion port, 46 is a cold water buffer tank, 47 is a cold water return pump, 48 is a hot water buffer tank, 49 is a hot water return pump, 51 is a cold water drain pipe, 52 is a cold water return pipe, 53 is a hot water drain pipe, 54 is a hot water return pipe, 55 is a cold water return branch, 56 is a hot water return branch, 57 is a cold water air supply branch, 58 is a hot water air supply branch, and 6 is a host computer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The programs involved or relied upon in the following embodiments are all conventional programs or simple programs in the technical field, and those skilled in the art can make conventional selections or adaptive adjustments according to specific application scenarios. The devices involved in the following embodiments, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional commercially available products.

[0027] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present application, the above technical solution will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0028] In order to solve the technical problems of complex structure and low efficiency of existing solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation systems, this example discloses a solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system, which includes a solid-state hydrogen storage unit, a parallel branch unit, a hydrogenation gun group, a purge and release unit, a vacuum unit and an expansion interface arranged in a hydrogen storage skid; and also includes a hot and cold water circulation unit arranged in a hot and cold water skid.

[0029] For details, see Figure 1In this embodiment, the solid-state hydrogen storage unit includes two solid-state hydrogen storage devices A and solid-state hydrogen storage devices B arranged in parallel. The air intake branches corresponding to the two solid-state hydrogen storage devices are respectively connected in series with cut-off valves to control the corresponding solid-state hydrogen storage devices to access the system as needed. In this example, a 20Kg or 40Kg solid-state hydrogen storage device is used to increase the capacity of a single solid-state hydrogen storage device, thereby reducing the number of solid-state hydrogen storage devices in the system, reducing the number of cycle fillings, and increasing the service life of the solid-state hydrogen storage unit.

[0030] To achieve the filling of hydrogen into the solid hydrogen storage unit, see Figure 1 The solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system includes a hydrogen inlet pipeline 11, one end of which is connected to a hydrogen source through a hydrogen hose to obtain hydrogen from the hydrogen source. In this example, a hydrogen inlet shut-off valve and a hydrogen inlet pressure reducing valve are respectively connected in series in the hydrogen inlet pipeline 11, which are respectively used to control the on-off of the hydrogen inlet pipeline 11 and adjust the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogenation pipeline.

[0031] The other end of the hydrogen inlet pipe 11 is connected to the parallel branch unit, see Figure 1 The parallel branch unit includes a hydrogen filling metering control branch 21 and a hydrogen filling metering branch 22 arranged in parallel. Specifically, the hydrogen inlet pipeline 11 is connected to the hydrogen filling metering control branch 21 and the hydrogen filling metering branch 22, and the other ends of the hydrogen filling metering control branch 21 and the hydrogen filling metering branch 22 are connected to the solid-state hydrogen storage unit through the hydrogen filling cut-off valve 31, thereby forming a transmission path from the hydrogen source to the solid-state hydrogen storage unit to realize charging of the solid-state hydrogen storage unit. Among them, in this embodiment, the hydrogen filling metering control branch 21 and the hydrogen filling metering branch 22 are respectively provided with a cut-off valve and a one-way valve in sequence along the hydrogen filling flow direction, and the difference is that the hydrogen filling metering control branch 21 is connected in series with a mass flow controller 211, and the hydrogen filling metering branch 22 is connected in series with a mass flow meter 221, thereby, the mass flow meter 221 is used to measure the hydrogen flow rate of the branch where it is located, and simple metering requirements are met; the mass flow controller 211 can be used to achieve on-demand quantitative control of the hydrogen flow rate of the branch where it is located, and more accurate quantitative filling requirements can be met, thereby improving the functional diversity and multi-scenario applicability of the solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system. In addition, considering that the hydrogen flow rate that can pass through the mass flow controller 211 per unit time is limited, and in order to meet the hydrogen inlet requirements of the large-capacity solid-state hydrogen storage device used in this example, two hydrogen filling metering control branches 21 are set in parallel in this example. When there is a large hydrogen filling demand in the solid-state hydrogen storage unit, the two hydrogen filling metering control branches 21 are opened at the same time, and the hydrogen filling efficiency is improved under the condition of meeting accurate flow metering control. In this example, pressure changers are respectively connected to the two hydrogen filling metering control branches 21 to monitor the pressure of the branches to avoid overpressure that affects the normal operation of the mass flow controller.

[0032] To realize the hydrogen filling function of the solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system, refer to Figure 1 The solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system also includes a hydrogenation pipeline 12, one end of which is connected to the parallel hydrogenation metering control branch 21 and the hydrogenation metering branch 22, and the other end is connected to a hydrogenation gun group through a hydrogen hose, and the hydrogenation gun group includes at least one hydrogenation gun. To realize the hydrogen supply from the solid-state hydrogen storage unit to the hydrogenation gun, refer to Figure 1 The parallel branch unit also includes a hydrogen discharge branch 23. In this embodiment, a cut-off valve, a pressure reducing valve and a one-way valve are sequentially connected in series in the hydrogen discharge branch 23 along the hydrogen flow direction. The cut-off valve is used to control the on-off of the hydrogen discharge branch 23. The pressure reducing valve is used to adjust the pressure of the hydrogen output by the solid-state hydrogen storage unit, and the one-way valve can effectively avoid the problem of hydrogen backflow from the hydrogen discharge branch 23 when hydrogen is charged into the solid-state hydrogen storage unit. Therefore, the hydrogen stored in the solid-state hydrogen storage unit is sequentially transported to the hydrogenation gun via the hydrogen discharge branch 23, the hydrogenation metering control branch 21 or the hydrogenation metering branch 22, and the hydrogenation pipeline 12, so as to supply hydrogen to the hydrogenation gun.

[0033] See also Figure 1 In this embodiment, the solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system also includes an external solid-state hydrogen storage expansion interface, through which the external solid-state hydrogen storage unit can be connected to the solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system, which can not only serve as a supplement to the solid-state hydrogen storage unit in the system, but also realize the hydrogen storage and dehydrogenation functions; in addition, the expansion interface can also be used to realize hydrogen storage and dehydrogenation tests on other solid-state hydrogen storage devices, so that when the solid-state hydrogen storage device is tested, there is no need to build a separate test platform, which improves the convenience of testing and reduces the test cost.

[0034] Specifically, when testing an external solid-state hydrogen storage unit, it is necessary to perform hydrogen storage and hydrogen release tests on it respectively. In this example, the solid-state hydrogen storage unit in the system is used as the gas source for hydrogen storage and the receiving unit for hydrogen release. To this end, the extension interface is connected to the parallel branch unit via the extension pipeline 13. When performing a hydrogen storage test, the external solid-state hydrogen storage device obtains hydrogen from the solid-state hydrogen storage unit. The hydrogen stored in the solid-state hydrogen storage unit is successively transported to the extension interface via the hydrogen release branch 23, the hydrogen filling metering control branch 21 or the hydrogen filling metering branch 22, and the extension pipeline 13, thereby realizing the hydrogen filling of the external solid-state hydrogen storage device connected to the extension interface, and the quality of the filled hydrogen can be measured or controlled through the hydrogen filling metering control branch 21 or the hydrogen filling metering branch 22. To realize the hydrogen release test of the external solid-state hydrogen storage device, refer to Figure 1The parallel branch unit also includes an extension branch 24, in which a shut-off valve, a pressure reducing valve and a one-way valve are sequentially connected in series along the hydrogen flow direction, respectively used to control the on-off of the branch, the hydrogen pressure in the branch and prevent the backflow of hydrogen. Thus, the hydrogen stored in the external solid-state hydrogen storage device is sequentially transported to the solid-state hydrogen storage unit via the extension interface, the extension pipeline 13, the extension branch 24, the hydrogen filling and metering control branch 21 or the hydrogen filling and metering branch 22 to realize hydrogen discharge, and the hydrogen discharge flow rate can be measured by the mass flow controller 211 or the mass flow meter 221. In addition, see Figure 1 The extension branch 24 is connected in parallel to the two ends of the hydrogen filling metering control branch 21 or the hydrogen filling metering branch 22 through the extension cut-off valve 32 to avoid the situation in which the hydrogen directly enters the solid hydrogen storage unit without passing through the extension branch 24, the hydrogen filling metering control branch 21 or the hydrogen filling metering branch 22 during the hydrogen release test, thereby improving the controllability of the system.

[0035] In addition, in this embodiment, the solid-state hydrogen storage and dehydrogenation system also includes a purge and release unit, for details, see Figure 1 In this example, argon is used as the purge gas to replace the impurity gas in the system. In some other embodiments, inert gases such as nitrogen are used. The argon source is connected to one end of the argon pipeline 15 through an argon hose, and the other end of the argon pipeline 15 is connected to the parallel branch unit, thereby blowing argon to each pipeline and solid hydrogen storage unit in the system for replacement, and the replaced gas is transported to the release port through the flame arrester for safe release, thereby achieving the purge replacement before filling and the purge and emptying when the system is stopped. In this embodiment, see Figure 1 The parallel branch unit also includes a release branch 25, in which a release cut-off valve is connected in series to control the on-off of the branch. Therefore, when performing a purge and release operation, the release branch is turned on to achieve the flow and release of gas to the release port.

[0036] Also, see Figure 1 A vacuum line 14 is connected to the downstream of the expansion line 13 through a cut-off valve. A one-way valve is connected in series in the vacuum line 14 along the airflow direction during vacuuming to prevent the external air pressure from flowing back into the system. The vacuum line 14 is connected to a vacuum unit, which includes a vacuum pump. In this example, the vacuum pump includes a Roots vacuum pump and a rotary vane vacuum pump to ensure the pumping reliability and help improve the purity of hydrogen in the system.

[0037] Taking into account the temperature changes of the solid-state hydrogen storage unit during the process of charging and discharging hydrogen, in order to avoid the influence of hydrogen temperature changes on the efficiency of charging and discharging hydrogen, in this embodiment, the solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system includes a hot and cold water circulation unit for heat exchange with the solid-state hydrogen storage unit. Among them, the hot and cold water circulation unit is arranged in the hot and cold water skid, and is separately arranged from the hydrogen storage skid where the solid-state hydrogen storage unit is located, so as to ensure the safety of charging and discharging hydrogen in the hydrogen storage skid and avoid affecting the intrinsic safety. Specifically, in this embodiment, the outside of the solid-state hydrogen storage device A and the solid-state hydrogen storage device B are respectively provided with a heat exchange space, and the heat exchange space is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, which is used to communicate with the hot and cold water circulation unit, and the heat exchange of the solid-state hydrogen storage unit during the hydrogen storage or decomposition process is realized through the circulation of cold water or hot water, thereby improving the hydrogen storage or decomposition rate.

[0038] See also Figure 2 In this embodiment, the cold and hot water circulation unit includes a cold water circulation module and a hot water circulation module. The cold water circulation module includes a cold water tank 41 for storing cold water and a cold water circulation pipeline connected between the cold water tank 41 and the water inlet and outlet of the heat exchange space of the solid hydrogen storage unit. Specifically, in this example, the cold water circulation pipeline specifically includes a cold water drain pipeline 51 connected between the water outlet at the bottom of the cold water tank 41 and the water inlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit, and also includes a cold water return pipeline 52 provided between the water outlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit and the return water outlet at the top of the cold water tank 41, wherein the cold water drain pipeline 51 is serially connected with an electric valve, a circulating water pump and a flow meter along the flow direction of the water body, which are respectively used to control the on and off of the cold water drain pipeline 51, provide drainage pressure and drainage flow measurement, and in addition, the cold water drain pipeline 51 is also connected with a pressure transmitter and a temperature transmitter for monitoring drainage pressure and temperature; and the cold water return pipeline 52 is serially connected with an electric valve and a temperature transmitter along the flow direction of the water body. Thus, the heat generated during the hydrogen charging of the solid hydrogen storage unit is taken away by the continuous flow of cold water in the cold water circulation pipeline, so as to improve the hydrogen charging efficiency. In addition, in order to avoid the temperature increase of the water body in the cold water tank 41 due to the heat carried by the return water, see Figure 2 The cold water tank is connected to a corresponding water chiller 42 for lowering the temperature of the water in the cold water tank 41 .

[0039] Similarly, in the present embodiment, the hot water circulation pipeline specifically includes a hot water drain pipeline 53 connected between the water outlet at the bottom of the hot water tank 43 and the water inlet of the solid-state hydrogen storage unit, and also includes a hot water return pipeline 54 provided between the water outlet of the solid-state hydrogen storage unit and the return water outlet at the top of the hot water tank 43. Among them, an electric valve, a circulating water pump and a flow meter are also connected in series in sequence along the flow direction of the water body in the hot water drain pipeline 53; in addition, a pressure transmitter and a temperature transmitter for monitoring the drainage pressure and temperature are also connected in series in the hot water drain pipeline 53; and an electric valve and a temperature transmitter are connected in series in sequence in the hot water return pipeline 54 along the flow direction of the water body. Thus, by the continuous flow of hot water in the hot water circulation pipeline, the hydrogen temperature during hydrogen storage in the solid-state hydrogen storage unit is increased, thereby improving the hydrogen storage efficiency. In addition, in order to prevent the temperature of the water in the hot water tank 43 from decreasing due to the return water, see Figure 2 The hot water tank 43 is connected to a hot water unit 44 to increase the temperature of the water in the hot water tank 43. In this example, in order to ensure the continuity of the water flow in the circulation pipeline, liquid level gauges are respectively set at the cold water tank 41 and the hot water tank 43 to monitor the liquid level in the tank to avoid the water level being too low or too high to affect the circulation efficiency.

[0040] In addition, see Figure 2 Considering that the hydrogen temperature also changes when the external solid-state hydrogen storage unit is performing hydrogen charging and degassing tests, in order to improve the efficiency of the hydrogen charging and degassing tests of the external solid-state hydrogen storage unit, the cold water circulation pipeline and the hot water circulation pipeline are respectively reserved with expansion ports 45 for connecting with the water inlet and the water outlet of the heat exchange space of the external solid-state hydrogen storage unit.

[0041] Considering the problem that the water temperature needs a certain circulation time to gradually rise or fall when the existing solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system switches between cold and hot water circulation, which affects the efficiency of the solid-state hydrogen storage unit in charging and discharging hydrogen. To this end, in this embodiment, a reflux branch is set in the circulation pipeline. For details, see Figure 2A cold water return branch 55 is provided in parallel at the cold water drain pipe 51, and a hot water return branch 56 is provided in parallel at the hot water drain pipe 53. The cold water return branch 55 is connected in series with a cold water buffer tank 46, a cold water return pump 47, and a cold water return electric valve in sequence along the flow direction of the return water body. Similarly, the hot water return branch 56 is connected in series with a hot water buffer tank 48, a hot water return pump 49, and a hot water return electric valve in sequence along the flow direction of the return water body. Therefore, when switching between cold and hot water, the cold water or hot water in the circulation pipeline is correspondingly extracted by the cold water return pump 47 or the hot water return pump 49. After the water body is extracted, hot water or cold water is correspondingly injected, thereby avoiding the problem of low efficiency of cold and hot water switching caused by the need to mix cold and hot water to slowly increase or decrease the water body temperature during the existing cold and hot water switching process. Among them, by setting up the hot water buffer tank 48 and the cold water buffer tank 46, the gas-liquid separation of the reflux water body can be achieved, and the reflux pump can be prevented from empty pumping by a certain water level in the buffer tank. In addition, in order to avoid the formation of negative pressure in the circulation pipeline when the reflux branch correspondingly extracts water from the circulation pipeline, see Figure 2 In this embodiment, a cold water air supply branch 57 and a hot water air supply branch 58 are respectively connected to the cold water return pipeline 52 and the hot water return pipeline 54, and air circuit interfaces are respectively connected at the ends of the cold water air supply branch 57 and the hot water air supply branch 58 to replenish gas into the circulation pipeline to prevent negative pressure from being generated in the pipeline, and air supply valves for controlling the on-off of the branches are also respectively connected in series in the cold water air supply branch 57 and the hot water air supply branch 58.

[0042] In addition, in this embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 A pressure transmitter is arranged in the pipeline connecting the hydrogen source and the parallel branch unit to measure the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen inlet pipeline; a pressure transmitter is arranged between the parallel branch unit and the solid-state hydrogen storage unit to monitor the hydrogen pressure in the solid-state hydrogen storage unit; a pressure transmitter is arranged between the expansion interface and the expansion branch to detect the hydrogen pressure of the external solid-state hydrogen storage unit; and a pressure transmitter is arranged in the pipeline between the vacuum unit and the parallel branch unit to measure the pressure in the pipe and thus determine the degree of vacuuming.

[0043] In order to realize the control of various valve bodies, transmitters and other devices in the solid hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system, in this embodiment, refer to Figure 3The solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system also includes a control unit. In this example, the control unit is a PLC controller. The PLC controller is installed in the whole station control cabinet in the control room and is separated from the hydrogen storage skid and the hot and cold water skid. Specifically, in this example, a PLC controller of Siemens 1215DCDCDC is selected; and the solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system also includes an emergency stop button and an audible and visual alarm electrically connected to the PLC controller respectively. In addition, the PLC controller is also electrically connected to the Roots vacuum pump and the rotary vane vacuum pump of the vacuum unit to control the operation and stop of the pump body; and is electrically connected to the air compressor to provide driving wind for the system pneumatic valve. In this example, a 60m 3 / h air compressor is used as the driving air source for the pneumatic valve. In this example, in order to facilitate interaction with the control unit, obtain operation information and input control parameters, in this embodiment, the PLC controller is electrically connected to the Kunlun Tongtai TPC1570GI touch screen. Figure 3 In this example, the solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system also includes a host computer, which is a desktop computer with a configuration program installed, for receiving and displaying the data of the control unit in real time, and sending corresponding control instructions to the control unit. In addition, in this example, the host computer uploads the working data of the solid-state hydrogen storage system to the Internet of Things platform through the Internet, thereby realizing remote storage and sharing of data.

[0044] In order to realize the control of the control unit over the equipment in the hydrogen storage skid and the hot and cold water skid and to avoid complicated wiring, in this embodiment, the hydrogen storage skid IO module and the hot and cold water skid IO module are respectively arranged in the hydrogen storage skid and the hot and cold water skid, wherein the hydrogen storage skid IO module and the hot and cold water skid IO module are respectively connected to the control unit through the Profinet bus, thereby adopting a distributed IO control link, effectively reducing the number of cables between the equipment, reducing the construction cost and the failure rate. Specifically, in this embodiment, the IO module adopts the Siemens ET200SP series, uploads the transmitter data in the skid to the control unit and executes the control instructions issued by the control unit. In this example, the hydrogen storage skid emergency stop button for collecting emergency stop signals, the pressure transmitter for collecting pressure signals, the mass flow controller for collecting mass flow data and receiving mass flow control signals, the mass flow meter for collecting mass flow data, the hydrogen detector for collecting hydrogen leakage concentration, the flame detector for fire alarm, the hydrogenation system for outputting hydrogenation signals, the shut-off valves, the pressure reducing valve, the explosion-proof lighting lamp and the explosion-proof fan are electrically connected to the hydrogen storage skid IO module in the hydrogen storage skid. Electrically connected to the hot and cold water skid IO module are the hot and cold water skid emergency stop button, pressure transmitter, temperature transmitter, liquid level gauge, various electric valves, circulating water pump, reflux pump, chiller and hot water machine.

[0045] In addition, this example also discloses a solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation control method, which is implemented based on the above-mentioned solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system, and specifically includes the following steps: (1) Before hydrogenation of solid hydrogen storage, the system should be purged and released.

[0046] Before the hydrogen storage and hydrogenation operation, since there are impurity gases in the system, in order to avoid the gas in the system affecting the purity of the hydrogen, in this embodiment, the system is first purged and released before the solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation. Figure 1 After sending a purge command to the control unit through the touch screen or a predetermined program, the control unit interlocks the argon pipeline 15, the release branch 25, the hydrogen release branch 23, the hydrogen filling and adding metering control branch 21, the hydrogen filling and adding metering branch 22, and the extension branch 24 through the hydrogen storage skid IO module, opens the hydrogen filling and adding shut-off valve 31 and the extension shut-off valve 32, and correspondingly closes the hydrogen inlet pipeline 11, the extension pipeline 13, and the vacuum pipeline 14. When the pressure of the pressure transmitter in the pipeline between the argon pipeline 15 and the parallel branch unit, that is, the purge pressure, is greater than the set value, the argon pipeline 15 is closed, and the release valve is opened at the same time to release from the release port until the pressure value of the pressure transmitter is less than the set value, and a purge is completed. When the purge times reach the set value, the control unit interlocks and closes the branch or pipeline through the hydrogen storage skid IO module, and the purge process ends.

[0047] (2) After the purging and release is completed, vacuum operation is carried out.

[0048] After the solid hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system is purged, the pipelines and containers in the system are filled with argon. In order to discharge the argon, in this embodiment, after the purging and release, the system is vacuumed. Figure 1 When the pressure transmitter connected to the vacuum pipeline 14 detects that the pressure in the pipeline is greater than the set value, it is determined that the system is in a non-vacuum state. At this time, the control unit closes the hydrogen inlet pipeline 11 and the argon pipeline 15 through the hydrogen storage skid IO module, and interlocks the discharge branch 25, the hydrogen discharge branch 23, the hydrogen filling and refueling metering control branch 21, the hydrogen filling and refueling metering branch 22, and the extension branch 24, opens the hydrogen filling and refueling shut-off valve 31 and the extension shut-off valve 32, closes the extension interface, and then turns on the Roots vacuum pump until the pressure transmitter monitoring value at the vacuum pipeline 14 is less than the set value (set to 50Pa in this example), starts the rotary vane vacuum pump, and continues to extract. When the pressure transmitter monitoring value is less than the shutdown set value (set to 0.1Pa in this example), the Roots vacuum pump and the rotary vane vacuum pump are stopped in an interlocked manner, and all branches or pipelines are closed, and the vacuum process ends.

[0049] (3) Starting the cold water circulation pipeline, and the hydrogen source correspondingly fills the solid hydrogen storage unit with hydrogen.

[0050] When filling the solid hydrogen storage unit with hydrogen, considering the heat release of hydrogen during the filling process, in order to increase the hydrogen filling rate, in this embodiment, the cold water circulation pipeline is started to solve the temperature rise problem during the filling process of the solid hydrogen storage unit. Specifically, after starting the hydrogen storage operation of the solid hydrogen storage unit, the control unit starts the chiller 41 and the cold water circulation pump through the cold and hot water skid IO module and opens the valve in the cold water circulation pipeline, and through the hydrogen storage skid IO module, the hydrogen inlet pipeline 11, the hydrogen filling metering control branch 21 or the hydrogen filling metering branch 22 are interlocked and the hydrogen filling cut-off valve 31 is opened, so that the hydrogen at the hydrogen source enters the system through the hydrogen inlet pipeline 11, and is metered by the mass flow controller 211 or the mass flow meter 221, and enters the solid hydrogen storage unit after passing through the hydrogen filling cut-off valve 31. In this filling process, the cold water in the external heat exchange space of the solid hydrogen storage unit is continuously circulated through the cold water circulation pipeline to take away the heat generated during the hydrogen filling process, so as to increase the hydrogen filling rate. After filling is completed, all branches and pipelines are shut down and the cold water circulation pipeline is closed.

[0051] (4) Start the cold water return branch to switch between cold and hot water, and perform hydrogenation operations through the hydrogenation gun group.

[0052] When there is a demand for hydrogenation, the solid-state hydrogen storage unit is used as a hydrogen supply unit to supply hydrogen to the hydrogenation gun group. In order to improve the efficiency of the solid-state hydrogen storage unit during hydrogenation, it is necessary to correspondingly increase the working temperature during hydrogenation. To this end, when the solid-state hydrogen storage unit is in hydrogenation operation, the hot water circulation is started to increase its working temperature to achieve the purpose of rapid hydrogenation. Specifically, in order to achieve rapid switching of hot and cold water, in this embodiment, before the hot water circulation is started, when the control unit receives the hydrogenation signal, the cold and hot water skid IO module is first controlled to correspondingly conduct the cold water return branch 55 and the cold water air supply branch 57, and the cold water return pump 47 is started to extract the cold water in the heat exchange space and the circulation pipeline into the cold water tank 41, and the cold water air supply branch 57 is used to supplement the circulation pipeline with gas to prevent the pipeline from being extracted into a negative pressure. After the water in the circulation pipeline is correspondingly extracted by the cold water return branch 55, the cold water air supply branch 57 and the cold water return branch 55 are closed. Start the hot water circulation pipeline, inject hot water into the heat exchange space of the solid hydrogen storage unit and then circulate the hot water, so as to avoid the problem of the initial temperature in the circulation pipeline failing to meet the standard due to the fusion of cold and hot water during the switching process, thus resulting in low hydrogen charging and discharging efficiency.

[0053] After the hot water unit and the hot water circulation pipeline are started, the solid-state hydrogen storage unit begins the hydrogen discharge operation. Specifically, the hydrogen discharge pipeline 23, the hydrogen filling metering control branch 21 or the hydrogen filling metering branch 22 are interlocked through the hydrogen storage skid IO module, so that the hydrogen at the solid-state hydrogen storage unit is transported to the hydrogenation gun via the hydrogenation pipeline 12. In this process, the mass flow rate of hydrogen is measured by the mass flow controller 211 or the mass flow meter 221. At the same time, the hot water circulation pipeline is used to realize the continuous circulation of hot water in the external heat exchange space of the solid-state hydrogen storage unit, and the temperature of the hydrogen discharge process is increased to increase the hydrogen discharge rate. After the hydrogenation operation is completed, the branches and pipelines are interlocked and shut down, and the hot water circulation pipeline is closed.

[0054] (5) After hydrogenation, if the hydrogen storage of the solid hydrogen storage unit reaches the set lower limit and cannot meet the hydrogen supply demand during subsequent hydrogenation, the hot water return branch 56 is started to extract water from the hot water circulation pipeline, and the hot water air supply branch 58 is opened to replenish air into the pipeline during the extraction process to prevent the pipeline from being pumped into a negative pressure. After the water in the hot water circulation pipeline is completely extracted, the hot water return branch 56 and the hot water air supply branch 58 are closed, and step (3) is repeated to fill hydrogen into the solid hydrogen storage unit.

[0055] In some other embodiments, in order to test the performance of the external solid-state hydrogen storage unit through the solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system in this example, it is avoided to build an additional test platform. First, repeat the above steps (1) and (2) to purge and vent the solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system respectively. The difference is that during the purging and venting process, the corresponding extension pipeline 13 and the extension branch 24 are connected, and the external solid-state hydrogen storage unit is purged through the extension pipeline 13 through the extension interface, and the gas in the branch is purged and replaced by connecting the extension branch 24. During the vacuum operation, the external solid-state hydrogen storage unit is connected to the system through the extension interface, so as to extract the gas in the external solid-state hydrogen storage unit to avoid affecting the test results.

[0056] After the solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system and the external solid-state hydrogen storage unit are purged, released and vacuumed, the circulation pipeline is connected to the heat exchange space of the external solid-state hydrogen storage unit through the expansion port 45 of the cold and hot water circulation unit, so as to improve the charging and discharging efficiency of the external solid-state hydrogen storage unit during the hydrogen charging and discharging test through the cold and hot water circulation. Specifically, when the external solid-state hydrogen storage unit performs hydrogen filling operation, the control unit interlocks the hydrogen discharge branch 23, the hydrogen charging and discharging metering control branch 21 or the hydrogen charging and discharging metering branch 22, the expansion cut-off valve 32, and the expansion pipeline 13 through the hydrogen storage skid IO module, and uses the hydrogen stored in the solid-state hydrogen storage unit as the hydrogen source for hydrogen filling operation. In this process, the cold water circulation pipeline and the hot water circulation pipeline are correspondingly adjusted through the cold and hot water skid IO module to realize the hot water circulation at the solid-state hydrogen storage unit and the cold water circulation at the external solid-state hydrogen storage unit, so as to improve the hydrogen discharge rate of the solid-state hydrogen storage unit and the hydrogen storage rate of the external solid-state hydrogen storage unit.

[0057] After the filling operation is completed, all branches and pipelines are closed, and the hydrogen release test of the external solid-state hydrogen storage unit is carried out. At this time, the cold and hot water are switched first, and the water in the corresponding reflux branch extraction pipeline is started respectively. After the extraction is completed, the cold water circulation is conducted to the solid-state hydrogen storage unit, and the hot water circulation is conducted to the external solid-state hydrogen storage unit, so as to increase the hydrogen storage rate of the solid-state hydrogen storage unit and the hydrogen release rate of the external solid-state hydrogen storage unit. After the cold and hot water switching is completed, the control unit interlocks the extension pipeline 13, the extension branch 24, the hydrogen filling and adding metering control branch 21 or the hydrogen filling and adding metering branch 22, and the hydrogen filling and adding cut-off valve 31 through the hydrogen storage skid IO module to establish a passage between the external solid-state hydrogen storage unit and the solid-state hydrogen storage unit, and the hydrogen release test is carried out. After the test is completed, the cold and hot water circulation unit is closed, and the connection between the external solid-state hydrogen storage unit and the extension interface is disconnected after starting the purge and release, and the test of the external solid-state hydrogen storage unit is completed.

[0058] Although some preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present application.

[0059] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the inventive concept. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system, characterized in that: It includes a solid hydrogen storage unit arranged in the hydrogen storage skid and connected to the hydrogen source through a parallel branch unit, a hydrogenation gun group connected to the solid hydrogen storage unit through the parallel branch unit, a purge and release unit connected to an argon source, a vacuum unit including a vacuum pump and an expansion interface for connecting an external solid hydrogen storage unit, and a cold and hot water circulation unit arranged in the cold and hot water skid for heat exchange with the solid hydrogen storage unit; The parallel branch unit includes a hydrogen discharge branch for outputting hydrogen from the solid-state hydrogen storage unit, each branch of which is connected in parallel and has a one-way valve and a shut-off valve connected in series, a hydrogen filling metering control branch and / or a hydrogen filling metering branch for correspondingly metering the filling or outputting the hydrogen mass flow rate, and an extension branch for correspondingly connecting with the extension interface; the cold and hot water circulation unit includes a cold water circulation pipeline and a hot water circulation pipeline respectively connected with water sources, and a reflux branch connected in parallel with the cold water circulation pipeline and the hot water circulation pipeline and used to pump water in the pipeline to the corresponding water source.

2. The solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solid-state hydrogen storage unit includes a plurality of solid-state hydrogen storage devices arranged in parallel, and the capacity of the solid-state hydrogen storage device is not less than 20Kg; the solid-state hydrogen storage unit is connected to the hydrogenation gun group in sequence through the hydrogen discharge branch, the hydrogenation metering control branch or the hydrogenation metering branch.

3. The solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydrogen filling metering control branch and / or the hydrogen filling metering branch are connected to the solid-state hydrogen storage unit via a hydrogen filling cut-off valve; the extension branch is connected in parallel with the hydrogen filling metering control branch and / or the hydrogen filling metering branch via an extension cut-off valve.

4. The solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mass flow controller is connected in series in the hydrogen filling and refueling metering control branch; and a mass flow meter is connected in series in the hydrogen filling and refueling metering branch.

5. The solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Pressure transmitters are respectively provided in the pipeline corresponding to the parallel branch unit and the hydrogen source, the pipeline corresponding to the parallel branch unit and the solid hydrogen storage unit, the pipeline corresponding to the extension interface and the extension branch, and the pipeline corresponding to the vacuum unit and the parallel branch unit.

6. The solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cold and hot water circulation unit includes air replenishment branches which are respectively connected to the cold water circulation pipeline and the hot water circulation pipeline and are connected in series with an air replenishment valve. The reflux branch is respectively connected in series with a buffer tank and a reflux pump for gas-liquid separation.

7. The solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cold and hot water circulation unit also includes a cold water tank correspondingly connected to the chiller and the cold water circulation pipeline, and a hot water tank correspondingly connected to the hot water unit and the hot water circulation pipeline; the cold water circulation pipeline and the hot water circulation pipeline respectively include several circulation branches for corresponding heat exchange with the solid-state hydrogen storage unit and the external solid-state hydrogen storage unit and connected in series with electric valves.

8. The solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a control unit, an IO module which is respectively arranged in the hydrogen storage skid and the hot and cold water skid for correspondingly controlling the parallel branch unit or the hot and cold water circulation unit and is communicatively connected to the control unit, and a host computer which is communicatively connected to the control unit.

9. A solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation control method, characterized in that: The solid-state hydrogen storage and hydrogenation system according to claim 1 is implemented, comprising the following steps: (1) Before hydrogenation of solid-state hydrogen storage, disconnect the connection between the hydrogen source and the parallel branch unit and fully connect the parallel branch unit, and purge and release the system through the purge and release unit; (2) After the purging and release is completed, the connection between the argon gas source and the parallel branch unit is disconnected and the vacuum pump is started to exhaust the impurity gas in the parallel branch unit, the solid-state hydrogen storage unit and / or the external solid-state hydrogen storage unit through the vacuum pumping unit. After the set vacuum pressure is reached, the vacuum pump is turned off and the parallel branch unit is correspondingly turned off; (3) starting the cold water circulation pipeline accordingly, connecting the hydrogen filling metering control branch or the hydrogen filling metering branch, and the hydrogen source correspondingly fills hydrogen into the solid hydrogen storage unit. After the filling is completed, shutting off the hydrogen filling metering control branch or the hydrogen filling metering branch and the cold water circulation pipeline; (4) starting the cold water return branch corresponding to the cold water circulation pipeline to extract cold water from the cold water circulation pipeline, closing the cold water return branch and starting the hot water circulation pipeline, connecting the hydrogen discharge branch and the hydrogen filling metering control branch or the hydrogen filling metering branch, and performing hydrogenation operation through the hydrogenation gun assembly; (5) After the hydrogenation is completed and the hydrogen storage capacity of the solid-state hydrogen storage unit reaches the set lower limit, the hot water reflux branch corresponding to the hot water circulation pipeline is started to extract hot water from the hot water circulation pipeline, and step (3) is repeated to perform the filling operation of the solid-state hydrogen storage unit.

10. The solid-state hydrogen storage hydrogenation control method according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the step (2), if there is a need to test the hydrogen storage and degassing performance of the external solid-state hydrogen storage unit and the external solid-state hydrogen storage unit is purged, released and vacuumed, the cold water circulation pipeline is started accordingly, the hydrogen discharge branch, the hydrogen filling and adding metering control branch or the hydrogen filling and adding metering branch are connected to fill hydrogen into the external solid-state hydrogen storage unit, and after the filling is completed, the cold water reflux branch corresponding to the cold water circulation pipeline is started; the hot water circulation pipeline is started accordingly, the extension branch, the hydrogen filling and adding metering control branch or the hydrogen filling and adding metering branch are connected to fill hydrogen into the solid-state hydrogen storage unit from the external solid-state hydrogen storage unit, and after the filling is completed, the hot water reflux branch corresponding to the hot water circulation pipeline is started.

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