High-heat-efficiency energy storage system based on air supply principle

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of heat management of energy storage systems, and particularly relates to a high-heat-efficiency energy storage system based on an air supply principle, which comprises two working loops: the working loop I is used for recovering and storing a large amount of waste heat resources generated in factory production results; according to the second working loop, the heat resources stored in the first working loop are utilized, and the stored heat resources are converted into other energies. Through the high-heat-efficiency energy storage system based on the air supply principle, an air supply heat storage mode is added in the heat storage system, a large amount of heat brought by a working medium is fully utilized, and the energy utilization rate is increased; and the heat is stored in a heat storage system taking the shaped composite material as a heat storage medium, so that the heat storage efficiency in the heat storage system is greatly improved, and the utilization and conversion efficiency of heat resources is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of thermal management of energy storage systems, and in particular relates to a high thermal efficiency energy storage system based on the air replenishment principle. Background Art

[0002] As an important part of the new energy field, the energy storage industry has put forward the goal of "carbon peak and carbon neutrality" at the policy level, and will increase investment and support for new energy in the future. At the same time, local governments have also introduced a number of policy measures to encourage the development and utilization of new energy. These policies will further promote the development of the energy storage industry and provide more opportunities for the application of energy storage technology. And with the development of social economy and the improvement of people's living standards, people's demand for energy is increasing. At the same time, people's requirements for energy quality and safety are also getting higher and higher. Heat storage technology can not only achieve scale from a technical and economic point of view, but also has the advantages of high energy density, long life, diverse utilization methods, and high comprehensive thermal utilization efficiency. As an important industrial power, my country has a low comprehensive efficiency of industrial processes, especially in the steel, nonferrous metals, chemicals, building materials and other industries, and there are still a large number of waste heat resources with recycling value. Therefore, it is necessary to have a compact structure, high heat exchange efficiency, high energy storage density, and a packed bed system with a shaped composite material as a heat storage medium to make full use of a large amount of waste heat resources.

[0003] The defects in existing energy storage technology are: 1. Patent document CN115833473A discloses an energy storage system that generates electricity by storing energy by gravity. "It relates to the field of gravity energy storage technology, and includes a counterweight, an electric module, a sensor module, and a monitoring controller; the monitoring controller is used to receive the status data of the counterweight and the electric module, and send action instructions to the electric module; the counterweight includes scrap metal, a water tank, etc., and the electric module is used to drive the counterweight to perform upward energy storage and downward discharge according to the action instructions sent by the monitoring controller, including a motor, a gear, a rack, a gearbox, and an electromagnetic brake. The sensor module includes a temperature sensor, a position sensor, a speed sensor, etc. arranged on the motor, which is used to detect The status data of the counterweight and the electric module are sent to the monitoring controller. The present invention can improve the efficiency of gravity energy storage and power generation, while reducing the power consumption of the power station during energy storage. At the same time, the combination of sensor modules, monitoring controllers, and general control devices further improves the safety of each gravity energy storage power generation device. "However, the energy storage method of the above-mentioned public document that uses gravity energy storage to generate electricity has a relatively complicated process, and the energy storage method can only store a small amount of energy, which cannot meet people's demand for energy. Therefore, it is necessary to design a high thermal efficiency energy storage system based on the principle of air replenishment, which solves the problem of people's demand for energy and ensures the quality and safety of energy.

[0004] 2. Patent document CN115764056A discloses a thermal management system and control method. "The present invention discloses a thermal management system and control method, including: a first liquid pipeline, a second liquid pipeline and a switching valve group, the switching valve group is connected between the first liquid pipeline and the second liquid pipeline; the switching valve group can switch back and forth between a first working position and a second working position. When the switching valve group is in the first working position, the circulation loop where the first liquid pipeline is located and the circulation loop where the second liquid pipeline is located are two circulation loops where the liquid flow cycles do not interfere with each other; when the switching valve group is in the first working position, the first liquid pipeline and the second liquid pipeline constitute a series circulation loop. The thermal The management system can meet the working requirements of the components corresponding to the first heat exchange device and the components corresponding to the second heat exchange device with more economical energy consumption, thereby improving the energy efficiency of the entire thermal management system. At the same time, the first heat exchange device and the second heat exchange device are integrated and managed, which greatly improves the integration of the unit. "However, the above-mentioned public document discloses a thermal management system and a control method, which has a complex process and solves the problem that a large amount of waste heat resources cannot be recycled. Therefore, it is necessary to design a high-thermal-efficiency energy storage system based on the principle of air replenishment, so as to better utilize the waste heat resources that cannot be recycled in the current human society. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high thermal efficiency energy storage system based on the air replenishment principle to solve the problem that a large amount of waste heat resources cannot be recovered in the above-mentioned background technology and to meet people's requirements for higher energy quality and higher safety performance.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high thermal efficiency energy storage system based on the air replenishment principle, comprising: It includes two working loops. Working loop one: recovers and stores a large amount of heat resources from the factory production results; working loop two: utilizes the waste heat resources stored in working loop one and converts the stored heat resources into mechanical energy, chemical energy or electrical energy.

[0007] Preferably, the working circuit 1 includes high-temperature flue gas, a flow valve, a heat storage tank, a heat storage medium, a working medium transmission pipeline and a multi-stage heat storage device connected in sequence. The working circuit 2 includes a blower, an electromagnetic flow valve, a heat storage tank and high-temperature gas connected in sequence, and the working circuit 2 includes scheme 1 and scheme 2. Scheme 1 includes high-temperature steam, a steam turbine and a generator connected in sequence, and scheme 2 includes high-temperature steam, a compressor and a heat exchanger connected in sequence.

[0008] Preferably, the heat storage tank comprises a tank body, a main inlet arranged at the bottom of the tank body, and an outlet arranged at the top of the tank body, the side of the tank body is provided with four side inlets, and the interior of the tank body is respectively provided with a flow equalizing plate, a heat storage medium, and a support plate.

[0009] Preferably, in the heat storage tank included therein, the working medium enters the main inlet and four side inlets through the working medium delivery pipeline through a flow valve controlling the flow rate, and the five inlets simultaneously deliver high-temperature working medium to the inside of the heat storage tank, and the working medium is uniformly flowed into the gas by the flow equalizing plate, and the working medium passes through the flow equalizing plate and contacts with the heat storage medium for heat exchange, and heat flows from the high-temperature working medium to the low-temperature heat storage medium, and after achieving the purpose of heat storage, the working medium that has completed the purpose of heat storage is discharged from the inside of the heat storage tank through the outlet through the channels arranged on the support plate.

[0010] Preferably, the heat storage tank includes five inlets, including a main inlet and four side inlets, the main inlet is located below the heat storage tank, and the four side inlets are located at the front, back, left and right sides of the heat storage tank, wherein two of the four inlets are located on the same horizontal plane.

[0011] Preferably, in the heat storage tank included therein, a space of 300 mm in height is reserved between the flow equalizing plate and the support plate inside the heat storage tank for placing the heat storage medium, and a space of 50 mm in height is reserved between the support plate below the first layer and the flow equalizing plate above the second layer for further evenly distributing the working medium flowing in through the side inlet, so as to better enable the working medium to contact with the corresponding heat storage medium and increase the heat exchange efficiency.

[0012] Preferably, the main working process of working loop one is: a large amount of high-temperature medium produced by factory production enters the heat storage tank through five inlets, and contacts and exchanges heat with the heat storage medium mainly composed of shaped composite materials in the heat storage tank. Heat is continuously transported from the high-temperature medium to the heat storage medium mainly composed of shaped composite materials. The working medium that completes the heat storage task flows out through the outlet of the heat storage tank. The high-temperature working medium undergoes multi-stage heat storage and stores the heat in the heat storage medium in each stage of the heat storage tank. The gas that meets the emission requirements is finally discharged into the atmosphere.

[0013] Preferably, the working loop 2 includes the working process of scheme 1: using a blower to blow air into a heat storage tank storing a large amount of waste heat resources, so as to fully contact the large amount of heat storage medium stored therein, so that the room temperature air entering the heat storage tank is rapidly heated, and the heated high-temperature gas heats water at the outlet of the heat storage tank to generate a large amount of high-temperature steam, and the steam pressure drives the steam turbine to rotate, and the thermal energy is converted into mechanical energy, and then the steam turbine drives the generator to rotate, and the mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy.

[0014] Preferably, the working loop 2 includes the working process of scheme 2: using a blower to blow air into a heat storage tank storing a large amount of waste heat resources, so as to fully contact the large amount of heat storage medium stored therein, so that the room temperature air entering the heat storage tank is rapidly heated, and the heated high-temperature gas heats the water at the outlet of the heat storage tank to generate a large amount of high-temperature steam, and the steam enters and is compressed and heated by the compressor, and then the compressed high-temperature and high-heat gas passes through the water heat exchanger to heat the cold water to boiling.

[0015] Preferably, the thermal resources stored in the working loop 1 are utilized, and the stored thermal resources are used to generate a large amount of high-temperature steam through a blower. The high-temperature steam enters the steam turbine and is converted into mechanical energy through high-speed rotating turbine blades. The generated mechanical energy can drive ships or drive compressors, pumps and other equipment to meet the power requirements of other production processes; the thermal resources stored in the working loop 1 can also be invested in chemical production. In the hydrogen production industry, methane pyrolysis technology can produce hydrogen at a low cost, and the thermal decomposition of methane is an endothermic reaction that requires a temperature of more than 900°C. The stored thermal resources can be supplied to methane for thermal decomposition and heat absorption, and the thermal energy can be converted into usable chemical energy, thereby increasing the hydrogen production rate of methane hydrogen production; the thermal resources stored in the working loop 1 can also be used for thermoelectric conversion. The stored thermal resources are used to generate a large amount of high-temperature steam through a blower, and the steam generates power by rotating the turbine through the steam turbine to drive the generator to generate electricity. The large amount of electrical energy generated can be used to supply normal power to households, and the thermal energy in useless industrial waste gas can be converted into electrical energy.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention uses a storage system with shaped composite materials as the heat storage medium. In the steel, nonferrous, chemical, building materials and other industries, there are still a lot of waste heat resources with recycling value. Therefore, it is necessary to have a high-thermal-efficiency energy storage system based on the air replenishment principle with compact structure, high heat exchange efficiency and high energy storage density to make full use of a large amount of waste heat resources.

[0017] 2. The present invention has the characteristics of compact structure, high heat exchange efficiency and high energy storage density, which meets people's demand for energy, meets people's requirements for high quality and higher safety of energy, and expands the scope of use. The present invention can quickly produce unused waste heat resources in industry, thereby solving cost problems and environmental pollution problems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A flowchart of a working circuit of the present invention; Figure 2 Flow chart of the working circuit II of the present invention; Figure 3 It is the working flow chart of the heat storage tank in the present invention; Figure 4It is a structural schematic diagram of the heat storage tank in the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the flow balancing plate in the present invention; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the support plate in the present invention; Figure 7 It is a reference diagram of Example 3 of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 11 main inlet, 12 high temperature flue gas, 13 flow valve, 14 heat storage tank, 142 side inlet, 143 flow equalizing plate, 144 heat storage medium, 145 support plate, 21 blower, 22 electromagnetic flow valve, 23 high temperature gas, 31 high temperature steam, 32 steam turbine, 33 generator, 34 compressor, 35 water heat exchanger. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "two ends", "one end", "the other end" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 A high thermal efficiency energy storage system based on the air supplement principle includes two working circuits, wherein the working circuit 1 includes a high temperature flue gas 12, a flow valve 13, a heat storage tank 14, a heat storage medium 144, a working medium transmission pipeline, and a multi-stage heat storage device connected in sequence. The working circuit 2 includes a blower 21, an electromagnetic flow valve 22, a heat storage tank 14, and a high temperature gas 23 connected in sequence, and the working circuit 2 includes a scheme 1 and a scheme 2, wherein the scheme 1 includes a high temperature steam 31, a steam turbine 32, and a generator 33 connected in sequence, and the scheme 2 includes a high temperature steam 31, a compressor 34, and a heat exchanger 35 connected in sequence.

[0023] See also Figure 3, wherein the heat storage tank 14 in the energy storage medium heat storage device includes a main inlet 11, a side inlet 142, a flow equalizing plate 143, a heat storage medium 144, a support plate 145 and an outlet 146.

[0024] See also Figure 3 , the heat storage tank 14 included therein, the working medium enters the main inlet 11 and four side inlets 142 through the working medium delivery pipeline through the flow valve controlling the flow rate, and the five inlets simultaneously deliver the high-temperature working medium to the inside of the heat storage tank, the working medium is uniformly flowed into the gas by the flow equalizing plate 143, the working medium passes through the flow equalizing plate 143, and contacts with the heat storage medium 144 for heat exchange, the heat flows from the high-temperature working medium into the low-temperature heat storage medium, and after achieving the purpose of heat storage, the working medium that has completed the purpose of heat storage is discharged from the inside of the heat storage tank through the outlet.

[0025] See also Figure 4 The heat storage tank 14 includes five inlets, including a main inlet 11 and four side inlets 142. The main inlet 11 is located below the heat storage tank 14, and the four side inlets 142 are located in the front, back, left and right directions of the heat storage tank. Two of the four inlets are located on the same horizontal plane.

[0026] See also Figure 4 , including a heat storage tank 14, a space of 300 mm in height is reserved between the flow equalizing plate 143 and the support plate 145 inside the heat storage tank 14 for placing the heat storage medium 144, and a space of 50 mm in height is reserved between the support plate 145 below the first layer and the flow equalizing plate 143 above the second layer for further evenly distributing the working medium flowing in through the side inlet, so as to better make the working medium contact with the corresponding heat storage medium and increase the heat exchange efficiency.

[0027] See also Figure 3 The main working process of the working circuit 1 is as follows: a large amount of high-temperature medium produced by factory production enters the heat storage tank 14 through five inlets, and contacts and exchanges heat with the heat storage medium mainly composed of shaped composite materials in the heat storage tank 14. Heat is continuously transported from the high-temperature medium to the heat storage medium mainly composed of shaped composite materials. The working medium that completes the heat storage task flows out through the outlet of the heat storage tank. The high-temperature working medium undergoes multi-stage heat storage and stores the heat in the heat storage medium in each stage of the heat storage tank. The gas that meets the emission requirements is finally discharged into the atmosphere.

[0028] See also Figure 2The working process of scheme 1 included in working loop 2 is: using blower 21 to blow air to the heat storage tank storing a large amount of waste heat resources, so as to fully contact with the large amount of heat storage medium stored therein, so that the room temperature air entering the heat storage tank is rapidly heated, and the heated high-temperature gas heats the water at the outlet of the heat storage tank to generate a large amount of high-temperature steam 31, and the steam pressure drives the steam turbine 32 to rotate, and the thermal energy is converted into mechanical energy, and then the steam turbine 32 drives the generator 33 to rotate, and the mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy.

[0029] The working process of scheme 2 included in working loop 2 is: use the blower 21 to blow air into the heat storage tank storing a large amount of waste heat resources, fully contact the large amount of heat storage medium stored therein, so that the room temperature air entering the heat storage tank is rapidly heated, and the heated high-temperature gas heats the water at the outlet of the heat storage tank to produce a large amount of high-temperature steam 31, the steam enters and is compressed and heated by the compressor 34, and then the compressed high-temperature and high-heat gas passes through the water heat exchanger 35 to heat the cold water to boiling.

[0030] Example 1, please refer to Figure 1, Figure 2 In the process of factory production, a large amount of excess heat resources will inevitably be generated. For the large amount of high-temperature flue gas in the factory production, the high-temperature flue gas produced can be stored in the heat energy through the energy storage system. The high-temperature flue gas enters the heat storage tank from the upper inlet of the energy storage system and The internal shaping composite material is fully in contact, and the heat energy enters the shaping composite material through heat exchange from the high-temperature flue gas. In the material, the high-temperature flue gas going out is discharged after reaching the flue gas emission standard through multi-stage energy storage. The thermal system stores 300MJ of thermal energy resources. When it is needed, a blower is used to blow the inside of the heat storage tank. The normal temperature 25℃ gas is heated to a high temperature of about 600℃ gas. The high temperature gas heats the water to boiling and produces a large amount of steam. The steam pressure drives the turbine to rotate, and the thermal energy is converted into mechanical energy. Then the turbine drives the generator to rotate, converting the mechanical energy into electrical energy. The energy storage system drives the turbine The generator can generate electricity at a power of 50MW for 6 hours, and the electricity produced can be used to supply the electricity required for daily production.

[0031] Example 2, please refer to Figure 1, Figure 2 By recycling the large amount of waste heat resources generated by the factory Collect and store. At this time, 300MJ of thermal energy resources are stored in the heat storage system. When it is needed, a blower is used to blow air inside the heat storage tank, and the gas at room temperature of 25°C is heated to a high temperature of about 600°C. The large amount of heat carried by the high-temperature gas is transferred to the water that needs to be heated through water heat exchange, and the water at room temperature is heated to a high temperature of 90 degrees. The high-temperature water resources are supplied to home heating through transmission pipelines, converting the useless waste heat resources produced by the factory into useful heat resources, realizing heat exchange.

[0032] Example 3, please refer to Figure 7 , when storing energy, the consumption of electrical energy drives the reverse power cycle, which will be lower than Part of the heat energy at ambient temperature is "pumped" to a high temperature state and stored, so that the energy storage system can continue to obtain high temperature heat energy under the premise of high temperature energy storage; when releasing energy, the stored high temperature heat energy is converted into mechanical energy through a positive power cycle, and the mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy through a generator. At the end of energy storage, 400MJ of heat energy is stored in the energy storage system. The working medium is heated to a high temperature of 650°C through the energy storage system. The high temperature gas enters the steam turbine, converts the heat energy into mechanical energy, drives the generator to rotate, and converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy. The energy storage system drives the steam turbine to generate electricity from the generator, which can maintain a power supply of 60MW for 6 hours. The electricity produced in the end can supply the electricity needed for daily production.

[0033] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A high thermal efficiency energy storage system based on the air replenishment principle, characterized in that: The high thermal efficiency energy storage system based on the air replenishment principle includes two working loops. Working loop one: recovers and stores a large amount of thermal resources produced in the factory production results; working loop two: utilizes the thermal resources stored in working loop one and converts the stored thermal resources into mechanical energy, chemical energy or electrical energy.

2. According to claim 1, a high thermal efficiency energy storage system based on the air replenishment principle is characterized in that: The working circuit one comprises high-temperature flue gas (12), a flow valve (13), a heat storage tank (14), a working medium transmission pipeline and a multi-stage heat storage device connected in sequence; the working circuit two comprises a blower (21), an electromagnetic flow valve (22), a heat storage tank (14) and high-temperature gas (23) connected in sequence; the working circuit two comprises scheme one and scheme two, the scheme one comprises high-temperature steam (31), a steam turbine (32) and a generator (33) connected in sequence, and the scheme two comprises high-temperature steam (31), a compressor (34) and a heat exchanger (35) connected in sequence.

3. A high thermal efficiency energy storage system based on the air replenishment principle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat storage tank (14) comprises a tank body, a main inlet (11) arranged at the bottom of the tank body, and an outlet (146) arranged at the top of the tank body, four side inlets (142) are arranged on the side of the tank body, and a flow equalizing plate (143), a heat storage medium (144) and a support plate (145) are respectively arranged inside the tank body.

4. A high thermal efficiency energy storage system based on the air replenishment principle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heat storage tank (14) is provided with a working medium, wherein the working medium enters the main inlet (11) and four side inlets (142) through the working medium delivery pipeline controlled by a flow valve. The five inlets simultaneously deliver high-temperature working medium to the interior of the heat storage tank (14). The working medium is uniformly flowed into the heat storage tank (14) by the flow equalizer plate (143). The working medium passes through the flow equalizer plate (143) and contacts with the heat storage medium (144) for heat exchange. Heat flows from the high-temperature working medium to the low-temperature heat storage medium. After achieving the purpose of heat storage, the working medium that has completed the purpose of heat storage is discharged from the interior of the heat storage tank (14) through the outlet through the hole arranged on the support plate (145).

5. The high thermal efficiency energy storage system based on the air replenishment principle according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The four side inlets (142) of the heat storage tank (14) are located at the front, back, left, and right sides of the heat storage tank (14), wherein two of the four inlets are located on the same horizontal plane.

6. The high thermal efficiency energy storage system based on the air replenishment principle according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The heat storage tank (14) included therein has a space of 300 mm in height between the flow equalizing plate (143) and the support plate (145) inside the heat storage tank (14) for placing the heat storage medium (144), and a space of 50 mm in height between the support plate (145) below the first layer and the flow equalizing plate (143) above the second layer for further evenly distributing the working medium flowing in through the side inlet, so as to better enable the working medium to contact with the corresponding heat storage medium and increase the heat exchange efficiency.

7. The high thermal efficiency energy storage system based on the air replenishment principle according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Working process of working loop 1: A large amount of high-temperature medium produced by factory production enters the heat storage tank (14) through five inlets, and performs heat exchange with the heat storage medium mainly composed of the shaped composite material in the heat storage tank. Heat is continuously transported from the high-temperature medium to the heat storage medium mainly composed of the shaped composite material. The working medium that completes the heat storage task flows out through the outlet of the heat storage tank. The high-temperature working medium undergoes multi-stage heat storage, and the heat is stored in the heat storage medium in each stage of the heat storage tank. The gas that meets the emission requirements is finally discharged into the atmosphere.

8. The high thermal efficiency energy storage system based on the air replenishment principle according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The working process of scheme 1 included in working loop 2 is as follows: using a blower (21) to blow air into a heat storage tank storing a large amount of waste heat resources, so as to fully contact the large amount of heat storage medium stored therein, so that the room temperature air entering the heat storage tank is rapidly heated, and the heated high temperature gas heats water at the outlet of the heat storage tank to generate a large amount of high temperature steam (31), and the steam pressure drives the steam turbine (32) to rotate, and the thermal energy is converted into mechanical energy, and then the steam turbine (32) drives the generator (33) to rotate, and the mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy.

9. The high thermal efficiency energy storage system based on the air replenishment principle according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The working process of scheme 2 included in working loop 2 is as follows: using a blower (21) to blow air into a heat storage tank storing a large amount of waste heat resources, so that the air at room temperature entering the heat storage tank is fully contacted with the large amount of heat storage medium stored therein, so that the normal temperature air entering the heat storage tank is rapidly heated, and the heated high-temperature gas heats water at the outlet of the heat storage tank to generate a large amount of high-temperature steam (31), and the steam enters and is compressed and heated by a compressor (34), and then the compressed high-temperature and high-heat gas passes through a water heat exchanger (35) to heat the cold water to boiling.

Images