Self-driven inhaul cable vibration monitoring sensor

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-driven inhaul cable vibration monitoring sensor which comprises a sleeve and a friction nanometer generator. The sleeve comprises an inner sleeve, an outer sleeve arranged outside the inner sleeve in a sleeving mode and a limiting plate fixedly connected with the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve at the two ends. The friction nanometer generator is installed between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve. The friction nanometer generator comprises a first inner electrode layer and a second inner electrode layer which are fixedly arranged along the outer wall of the inner sleeve in the circumferential direction at intervals, a first outer electrode layer and a second outer electrode layer which are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the outer sleeve opposite to the inner electrode layers, a dielectric ring which moves in the radial direction between the inner electrode layer and the outer electrode layer, a first electrode and a second electrode. According to the self-driven inhaul cable vibration monitoring sensor disclosed by the invention, each dielectric ring is equipped with two friction nano-generators, distributed power supply of an inhaul cable measurement system is realized, the power supply capability and the monitoring precision are improved, the electrode layer serves as a friction material and an electrode at the same time, good signal output can be generated, and the complexity of the device is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bridge cable monitoring, and in particular to a self-driven cable vibration monitoring sensor. Background Art

[0002] As an important link connecting urban traffic, bridges bear huge traffic pressure. Complex external environments such as wind and rain-induced vibration and vortex-induced vibration can cause bridge cables to vibrate, causing irreversible damage to the cables. The vibration frequency method is a widely used method for monitoring the tension of bridge cables. Currently, non-contact sensors or contact sensors are mainly used to identify the vibration frequency for cable force monitoring. When using non-contact sensors to identify the vibration frequency, it will be affected by air thermal mist, dim light and optical noise, causing measurement errors and lacking good environmental adaptability. In the actual application of contact sensors, the cost of replacing power supply equipment is high, and how to achieve long-term continuous monitoring is a problem that needs to be solved.

[0003] In the prior art, Chinese patent CN114838894B discloses a real-time monitoring and early warning device for a bridge based on foldable friction nanotechnology, comprising a signal generator, a data acquisition and transmission module, and a data processing and early warning module connected in sequence; the signal generator comprises an internal unit and an external unit, the external unit comprises a lower sleeve, a device side wall, and a lower magnet; the lower magnet is fixed to the bottom of the lower sleeve; the internal unit comprises a cover plate, an upper magnet, an upper sleeve, and a flexible multilayer friction nanogenerator; the flexible multilayer friction nanogenerator is inserted into the gap between the lower sleeve and the device side wall; the cover plate is located at the upper end of the flexible multilayer friction nanogenerator, the upper sleeve is inserted into the lower sleeve, and the upper magnet is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the upper sleeve; when the internal unit is subjected to radial vibration, the cover plate shakes left and right along the radial direction, so that the side wall of the flexible multilayer friction nanogenerator and the side wall of the device contact and separate due to the opposite polarity of the materials, thereby generating a voltage signal. This existing technology is mainly used for axial vibration monitoring of bridge cables. Its axial vibration monitoring direction is single, and the monitoring accuracy cannot be guaranteed when the vibration angle is deflected. It is lacking in radial vibration monitoring. Each device corresponds to only one friction nanogenerator, and the power supply capacity and monitoring accuracy are insufficient. The low output leads to inaccurate monitoring results. At the same time, the sleeve aperture is single, and the device aperture cannot be adaptively adjusted according to the cable diameter. The starting device requires a large vibration force and cannot identify low-frequency vibrations well. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a self-driven cable vibration monitoring sensor, which aims to solve the deficiencies in the radial vibration monitoring of the prior art, especially the problems that each monitoring device corresponds to only one friction nanogenerator, the power supply capacity and monitoring accuracy are insufficient, the sleeve aperture is single, and the device aperture cannot be adaptively adjusted according to the cable diameter, the starting device requires a large vibration force, and low-frequency vibrations cannot be well identified.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions to achieve the above purpose:

[0006] A self-driven cable vibration monitoring sensor comprises a sleeve and a friction nanogenerator; wherein the sleeve comprises an inner sleeve sleeved on an outer ring of the cable, an outer sleeve sleeved on the outside of the inner sleeve, and limit plates fixedly connecting the inner and outer sleeves at both ends; the space between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve is used to install the friction nanogenerator; the friction nanogenerator comprises: an inner electrode layer, a first inner electrode layer and a second inner electrode layer fixedly arranged circumferentially along the outer wall of the inner sleeve at intervals; an outer electrode layer, a first outer electrode layer and a second outer electrode layer fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the outer sleeve opposite to the inner electrode layer; a dielectric ring, used to move radially between the inner electrode layer and the outer electrode layer, and the distance from the outer wall of the dielectric ring to the outer electrode layer on the same radial line is equal to the distance from the inner wall of the dielectric ring to the inner electrode layer at the opposite end; an electrode, a first electrode connecting the first inner electrode layer and the first outer electrode layer through a shielded wire, and a second electrode connecting the second inner electrode layer and the second outer electrode layer through a shielded wire.

[0007] The working principle of this technical solution is as follows: in the initial state, the dielectric ring contacts an inner electrode layer and an outer electrode layer. Since the dielectric ring has electronegativity relative to the electrode layer, the dielectric ring will accumulate negative charges on its surface after contacting the electrode layer multiple times, and the electrode layer will accumulate equal positive charges to achieve potential balance; when the cable vibrates and causes the dielectric ring to leave the initial position (no longer in contact with the electrode layer), the potential balance is destroyed, and this movement triggers the flow of electrons between the two corresponding electrode layers (the first inner electrode layer and the first outer electrode layer, the second inner electrode layer and the second outer electrode layer), thereby generating current in the external circuit to maintain the potential difference; when the dielectric ring moves to contact with another inner electrode layer and the outer electrode layer, a new potential balance is established, and the electron transfer stops. As the cable continues to vibrate, the dielectric ring will move in the opposite direction to leave the electrode layer, and the potential imbalance causes the electrons to flow in the opposite direction between the two corresponding electrode layers, thereby generating a reverse current in the external circuit. Therefore, the generation of alternating current is achieved in the continuous contact and separation process between the dielectric ring and the electrode layer, thereby effectively converting the vibration energy into electrical energy. In this technical solution, each dielectric ring is equipped with two friction nanogenerators to improve the power supply capacity and monitoring accuracy. The electrode layer acts as both a friction material and an electrode, which can produce good signal output and reduce the complexity of the device.

[0008] A further technical solution is that the first inner electrode layer and the second inner electrode layer are arranged symmetrically relative to the axis of the inner sleeve. In this technical solution, a symmetrical structure is adopted to realize distributed power supply of the cable measurement system.

[0009] A further technical solution is that the sleeve is a split structure along the radial direction. The split structure of this technical solution facilitates the installation of the sensor to the outer ring of the cable.

[0010] A further technical solution is that the sleeve is made of PLA. In this technical solution, the sleeve is made of polylactic acid degradable material, which has good insulation performance and is easy to adapt to the size of the cable outer ring.

[0011] A further technical solution is that the inner electrode layer and the outer electrode layer are conductive fabrics with copper and nickel plated on polyester fiber cloth. The conductive fabric in this technical solution has high conductivity and can effectively conduct current and charge. Due to the softness of the conductive fabric, it can maintain good contact during the friction process, which helps to improve the generation of friction charge. In addition, it has good wear resistance and can maintain stable performance during long-term use.

[0012] A further technical solution is that the dielectric ring is made of silica gel. In this technical solution, the silica gel can effectively generate friction charges when rubbing against the electrode layer (especially the conductive fabric in the above technical solution).

[0013] A further technical solution is that the silicone is Dragon-0030 silicone. This type of silicone has a lower dielectric constant, which enables it to provide a higher capacitance effect when used as a dielectric material, helping to enhance the charge separation effect and improve the charge generation efficiency of the device. The low dielectric constant means that the charge can be better accumulated and separated during the friction process; it also has high flexibility and elasticity, can adapt to the changes in the material surface during the friction process, and maintain good contact performance, evenly distribute pressure, and optimize charge generation; it also has good stability to the environment and chemicals, and can maintain stable performance during long-term use.

[0014] A further technical solution is that the method for preparing the sensor includes the steps of preparing the dielectric ring:

[0015] Prepare the ingredients, pour the two components of silica gel into a mixing bowl in a 1:1 ratio and stir evenly;

[0016] Remove bubbles, put the evenly stirred silica gel mixture into a vacuum machine to remove bubbles in the mixture;

[0017] Inject into the mold, use a syringe to inject the treated silicone into the mold;

[0018] Curing treatment: put the mold containing silicone into a drying oven set at 35℃ to 45℃ for drying;

[0019] Cleaning and processing: After the silicone is completely cured, take the mold out of the drying oven and clean it with deionized water and alcohol in turn.

[0020] A further technical solution is that the method for preparing the sensor further comprises the following steps:

[0021] Make the sleeve, model the inner and outer sleeves through modeling software, and print them using a 3D printer;

[0022] To make the signal cable, cut the shielded cable into a single 3-meter-long segment. Use a wire stripper to strip 40-50 mm of the outer insulation layer from one end of the shielded cable and strip out two wires. The stripped length is about 15-20 mm.

[0023] Paste the electrodes, cut the inner electrode layer and the outer electrode layer to the corresponding size, and stick them on the outer wall of the inner sleeve and the inner wall of the outer sleeve respectively, and then pass the two wires at the end of the shielding wire without the aluminum foil layer through the inner and outer sleeves and adhere them to the corresponding electrode layers.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] The present invention provides a self-driven cable vibration monitoring sensor, each dielectric ring is equipped with two friction nanogenerators, which realizes the distributed power supply of the cable measurement system, improves the power supply capacity and monitoring accuracy, and the electrode layer acts as a friction material and an electrode at the same time, which can produce a good signal output and reduce the complexity of the device. At the same time, the present invention adopts a Harvard sensor structure, which is fixed on the cable in an embrace, and can adapt to the cable diameter within a certain limit to adjust its own aperture, and can effectively identify vibrations in all directions in the radial plane of the cable, and produce stable signal output. At the same time, the sensor is easy to start, can generate electrical signals under low-frequency response, and has a wide frequency perception range. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 : A schematic diagram of the structure of the sleeve of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 : A schematic diagram of the structure of the friction nanogenerator of the present invention at the initial moment.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the first power generation when the dielectric ring of the friction nanogenerator of the present invention separates from the electrode layer.

[0029] Figure 4 : A schematic diagram of the structure of the friction nanogenerator dielectric ring moving to the electrode layer on the other side of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the friction nanogenerator dielectric ring separating from the electrode layer to generate electricity for the second time according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 : A schematic diagram of the measurement results of the sensor of the present invention when the frequency is 18 Hz.

[0032] Figure 7 : A schematic diagram of the measurement results of the sensor of the present invention when the frequency is 2HZ.

[0033] Figure 8 : A schematic diagram of the measurement results of the sensor of the present invention when the amplitude is 2 mm.

[0034] Fig. 9 : A schematic diagram of the measurement results of the sensor of the present invention when the amplitude is 35 mm.

[0035] Fig.10 : A schematic diagram of the measurement results of different amplitudes of the sensor of the present invention under low-frequency conditions.

[0036] In the figure:

[0037] 11. Inner sleeve; 12. Outer sleeve; 13. Lower limit plate; 14. Upper limit plate; 15. Flange surface; 21. First inner electrode layer; 22. Second inner electrode layer; 31. First outer electrode layer; 32. Second outer electrode layer; 4. Dielectric ring; 51. First electrode; 52. Second electrode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 10 The present invention is described in detail with specific implementation modes. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, this embodiment provides a self-driven cable vibration monitoring sensor, including a sleeve and a friction nanogenerator; wherein the sleeve includes an inner sleeve 11 sleeved on the outer ring of the cable, an outer sleeve 22 sleeved on the outside of the inner sleeve 11, and limit plates fixedly connecting the inner and outer sleeves at both ends; the space between the inner sleeve 11 and the outer sleeve 22 is used to install the friction nanogenerator; the friction nanogenerator includes: an inner electrode layer, a first inner electrode layer 21 and a second inner electrode layer 22 fixedly arranged along the outer wall of the inner sleeve 11 in an annular direction; an outer electrode layer, a first outer electrode layer 31 and a second outer electrode layer 32 fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the outer sleeve 12 opposite to the inner electrode layer; a dielectric ring 4, used to move radially between the inner electrode layer and the outer electrode layer, and the distance from the outer wall of the dielectric ring 4 to the outer electrode layer on the same radial line is equal to the distance from the inner wall to the inner electrode layer at the opposite end; an electrode, a first electrode 51 connecting the first inner electrode layer 21 and the first outer electrode layer 31 through a shielded wire, and a second electrode 52 connecting the second inner electrode layer 22 and the second outer electrode layer 32 through a shielded wire.

[0040] Specifically, the sleeve includes two semi-cylindrical barrels. Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the semi-cylindrical barrel is shown, the lower end of the inner sleeve 11 and the upper end of the outer sleeve 12 are respectively fixed with a lower limit plate 13 and an upper limit plate 14, wherein the upper limit plate 14 and the end surface of the inner sleeve 11, and the lower limit plate 13 and the end surface of the outer sleeve 12 are respectively connected by fixing bolts, and the lower limit plate 13 and the upper limit plate 14 are also used to prevent the dielectric ring 4 from axially separating from the sleeve, and the two semi-cylindrical barrels are fixedly connected by flange surfaces 15 located on both sides of the outer sleeve 12, thereby forming a sleeve structure; Figures 2 to 5 As shown, the first inner electrode layer 21 and the first outer electrode layer 31 are fixedly arranged in the upper half of the inner sleeve 11 and the outer sleeve 12 respectively, and the second inner electrode layer 22 and the second outer electrode layer 32 are arranged in the lower half of the inner sleeve 11 and the outer sleeve 12 respectively, the first outer electrode layer 31 and the second inner electrode layer 22 constitute electrode layers at opposite ends, and the second outer electrode layer 32 and the first inner electrode layer 21 constitute electrode layers at opposite ends, that is, the distance from the outer wall of the dielectric ring 4 to the first outer electrode layer 31 (or the second electrode layer 32) and the distance from the inner wall of the dielectric ring 4 to the second inner electrode layer 22 (or the first inner electrode layer 21) on the same radial line are equal, so that the dielectric ring 4 is in contact with the first outer electrode layer 31 (or the second electrode layer 32) and the second inner electrode layer 22 (or the first inner electrode layer 21) at the same time.

[0041] The working principle of the sensor described in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, in the initial state, the inner wall and outer wall of the dielectric ring 4 are in contact with the second inner electrode layer 22 and the first outer electrode layer 31 respectively. Since the dielectric ring 4 is electronegative relative to the electrode layer, the dielectric ring 4 will accumulate negative charges on its surface after contacting the electrode layer for many times, and the electrode layer will accumulate equal positive charges to achieve potential balance; Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 1 , when the cable vibrates and the dielectric ring 4 moves away from the initial position (no longer in contact with the electrode layer), the potential balance is destroyed. This movement triggers the flow of electrons between the first inner electrode layer 21 and the first outer electrode layer 31, the second inner electrode layer 22 and the second outer electrode layer 32, thereby generating a current in the external circuit to maintain the potential difference; Figure 4 As shown, when the dielectric ring 4 moves to contact the first inner electrode layer 21 and the second outer electrode layer 32, a new potential balance is established and the electron transfer stops; Figure 5 As shown, as the cable continues to vibrate, the dielectric ring 4 will move in the opposite direction and break away from the electrode layer. The potential imbalance causes electrons to flow in the opposite direction between the first inner electrode layer 21 and the first outer electrode layer 31, and between the second inner electrode layer 22 and the second outer electrode layer 32, thereby generating a reverse current in the external circuit. Therefore, the generation of alternating current is achieved during the continuous contact and separation process between the dielectric ring 4 and the electrode layer, thereby effectively converting the vibration energy into electrical energy. Each dielectric ring 4 is equipped with two friction nanogenerators to achieve distributed power supply of the cable measurement system, improve the power supply capacity and monitoring accuracy, and the electrode layer acts as a friction material and an electrode at the same time, which can generate a good signal output and reduce the complexity of the device.

[0042] In order to provide a better contact and friction environment between the dielectric ring 4 and the electrode layer, based on the above-mentioned implementation mode, the first inner electrode layer 21 and the second inner electrode layer 22 are arranged symmetrically relative to the axis of the inner sleeve 11, and the first outer electrode layer 31 and the second outer electrode layer 32 arranged opposite to the inner electrode layer are arranged symmetrically relative to the axis of the outer sleeve 12.

[0043] In another embodiment, based on the above embodiment, the inner sleeve 11 and the outer sleeve 12 are made of PLA (polylactic acid biodegradable material). The polylactic acid biodegradable material has good insulation performance and is easy to adapt to the size of the outer ring of the cable.

[0044] Another embodiment, based on the above embodiment, its inner electrode layer and outer electrode layer are conductive fabrics with copper and nickel plated on polyester fiber cloth. The conductive fabric has high conductivity and can effectively conduct current and charge. Due to the softness of the conductive fabric, it can maintain good contact during friction, which helps to improve the generation of friction charge. In addition, it has good wear resistance and can maintain stable performance during long-term use.

[0045] In another embodiment, based on the above embodiment, the dielectric ring 4 is made of silicone, which can effectively generate friction charges when rubbing against the electrode layer (especially the conductive fabric in the above embodiment). Dragon-0030 silicone is particularly used. This type of silicone has a low dielectric constant, which enables it to provide a higher capacitance effect when used as a dielectric material, helps to enhance the charge separation effect, and improves the charge generation efficiency of the device. The low dielectric constant means that the charge can be better accumulated and separated during the friction process; it also has high flexibility and elasticity, can adapt to the changes in the material surface during the friction process, and maintain good contact performance, evenly distribute pressure, and optimize the generation of charge; it also has good stability to the environment and chemicals, and can maintain stable performance during long-term use.

[0046] The above-mentioned embodiments exemplarily show the specific structure and specific materials of the sleeve, the specific preparation materials of the electrode layer and the dielectric ring, etc. In other embodiments or practical applications, other structures and materials can also be used as replacements. For example, the specific structure of the sleeve can also adopt a Haversian structure or an integrated structure, etc. The integrated structure needs to be mounted on the outer ring of the cable body before the cable is tensioned; the sleeve material can also be made of insulating materials such as plastic, or made of insulating materials with a certain elasticity; the preparation materials of the electrode layer and the dielectric ring can also be made of compatible materials disclosed in the prior art.

[0047] Another embodiment provides a method for preparing the dielectric ring 4 in the above embodiment, the steps comprising:

[0048] Prepare the ingredients, pour the two components of silica gel into a mixing bowl in a 1:1 ratio and stir evenly;

[0049] Remove bubbles, put the evenly stirred silica gel mixture into a vacuum machine to remove bubbles in the mixture;

[0050] Inject into the mold, use a syringe to inject the treated silicone into the mold;

[0051] Curing treatment: put the mold containing silicone into a drying oven set at 35℃ to 45℃ for drying;

[0052] Cleaning and processing: After the silicone is completely cured, take the mold out of the drying oven and clean it with deionized water and alcohol in turn.

[0053] Based on the above embodiment, a method for preparing a sensor is provided, further comprising the following steps:

[0054] Make the sleeve, model the inner and outer sleeves through modeling software, and print them using a 3D printer;

[0055] To make the signal cable, cut the shielded cable into a single 3-meter-long segment. Use a wire stripper to strip 40-50 mm of the outer insulation layer from one end of the shielded cable and strip out two wires. The stripped length is about 15-20 mm.

[0056] Paste the electrodes, cut the inner electrode layer and the outer electrode layer to the corresponding size, and stick them on the outer wall of the inner sleeve and the inner wall of the outer sleeve respectively, and then pass the two wires at the end of the shielding wire without the aluminum foil layer through the inner and outer sleeves and adhere them to the corresponding electrode layers.

[0057] The sleeve-type cable sensor prepared by the above-mentioned implementation method is installed on the outer ring of the cable, wherein the electrode layer is made of conductive fabric with high-conductivity copper and nickel metal plated on high-strength polyester fiber cloth, and the dielectric ring 4 is made of Dragon-0030 silicone and installed between the inner and outer electrode layers, and the shell of the sleeve is fixed by fixing bolts. The voltage value, voltage change trend and error are measured under the conditions of fixed frequencies of 18HZ and 2HZ, and fixed amplitudes of 2mm and 35mm respectively; under the conditions of low frequencies of 0.4Hz, 0.8Hz, 1.2Hz, 1.6Hz, and 2.0Hz, the induction condition of the resolution test is measured under the conditions of vibration amplitudes of 10mm, 12mm, 14mm, 16mm, and 18mm respectively. The results are as follows:

[0058] like Figure 6 As shown in the figure, when the control frequency is 18HZ, the voltage values, voltage change trends and errors when the vibration amplitudes are 1.0mm, 1.5mm, 2.0mm, 2.5mm and 3.0mm respectively. As shown in the figure, when the control frequency remains unchanged, as the amplitude increases, the voltage increases in a linear function trend, and the error is within 4%.

[0059] like Figure 7 As shown in the figure, when the control frequency is 2HZ, the voltage values, voltage change trends and errors are when the vibration amplitudes are 20mm, 25mm, 30mm, 35mm and 40mm respectively. As shown in the figure, when the control frequency remains unchanged, as the amplitude increases, the voltage increases in a linear function trend, and the error is within 4%.

[0060] like Figure 8 As shown in the figure, when the control vibration amplitude is 2mm and the vibration frequencies are 10Hz, 12Hz, 14Hz, 16Hz, 18Hz and 20Hz respectively, the voltage value, voltage change trend and error are as follows. As shown in the figure, when the control amplitude remains unchanged, as the vibration frequency increases, the voltage increases exponentially, and the error is within 6%.

[0061] like Fig. 9As shown in the figure, when the control vibration amplitude is 35mm and the vibration frequencies are 0.4Hz, 0.8Hz, 1.2Hz, 1.6Hz and 20Hz respectively, the voltage value, voltage change trend and error are as follows. As shown in the figure, when the control amplitude remains unchanged, as the vibration frequency increases, the voltage increases exponentially, and the error is within 6%.

[0062] like Fig.10 As shown, the setting frequencies are 0.4 Hz, 0.8 Hz, 1.2 Hz, 1.6 Hz, and 2.0 Hz, respectively, and the vibration amplitudes are 10 mm, 12 mm, 14 mm, 16 mm, and 18 mm, respectively. In each set of different experimental conditions, the sensor of the present invention has good voltage signal output.

[0063] From the above measurement results, it can be concluded that when the self-driven cable vibration monitoring sensor using the above implementation mode is controlled, when the amplitude is unchanged, as the vibration frequency increases, the voltage increases in an exponential function trend, and the error is within 6%; when the control frequency is unchanged, as the amplitude increases, the voltage increases in a linear function trend, and the error is within 4%; under the working conditions where different powers correspond to different amplitudes, there is a good voltage signal output, a high signal-to-noise ratio, and a linear change, and a small error. At the same time, the sensor is easy to start, can sense low-frequency vibrations, has higher sensitivity, faster response speed and better response linearity, can identify the in-plane and out-of-plane vibrations of the cable, ensure that vibrations in all directions in the radial plane can be sensed, and the monitoring range is more comprehensive. The mechanical energy in the environment is converted into electrical energy through the friction nanogenerator, and no battery power is required, avoiding the sensor's dependence on battery power. Each dielectric ring 4 is equipped with two friction nanogenerators to realize distributed power supply of the cable measurement system, improve power supply capacity and monitoring accuracy, and the electrode layer acts as a friction material and an electrode at the same time, which can produce a good signal output and reduce the complexity of the device.

Claims

1. A self-driving cable vibration monitoring sensor, characterized in that: It comprises a sleeve and a friction nanogenerator; wherein the sleeve comprises an inner sleeve sleeved on an outer ring of a cable, an outer sleeve sleeved on the outside of the inner sleeve, and a limit plate fixedly connecting the inner and outer sleeves at both ends; the space between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve is used to install the friction nanogenerator; The friction nanogenerator comprises: An inner electrode layer, a first inner electrode layer and a second inner electrode layer fixedly arranged circumferentially and spaced apart along the outer wall of the inner sleeve; An outer electrode layer, a first outer electrode layer and a second outer electrode layer fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the outer sleeve opposite to the inner electrode layer; The dielectric ring is used to move radially between the inner electrode layer and the outer electrode layer, and the distance from the outer wall of the dielectric ring to the outer electrode layer on the same radial line is equal to the distance from the inner wall of the dielectric ring to the inner electrode layer at the opposite end; The electrodes are connected to the first inner electrode layer and the first outer electrode layer through a shielded wire, and the second electrodes are connected to the second inner electrode layer and the second outer electrode layer through a shielded wire.

2. A self-driving cable vibration monitoring sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first inner electrode layer and the second inner electrode layer are arranged symmetrically relative to the axis of the inner sleeve.

3. A self-driving cable vibration monitoring sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeve is a split structure along the radial direction.

4. A self-driving cable vibration monitoring sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeve is made of PLA.

5. The self-driving cable vibration monitoring sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner electrode layer and the outer electrode layer are conductive fabrics formed by plating copper and nickel on polyester fiber cloth.

6. A self-driving cable vibration monitoring sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dielectric ring is made of silicone.

7. A self-driving cable vibration monitoring sensor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The silica gel is Dragon-0030 silica gel.

8. The self-driving cable vibration monitoring sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for preparing the sensor includes the steps of preparing a dielectric ring: Prepare the ingredients, pour the two components of silica gel into a mixing bowl in a 1:1 ratio and mix well; Remove bubbles, put the evenly stirred silica gel mixture into a vacuum machine to remove bubbles in the mixture; Inject into the mold, use a syringe to inject the treated silicone into the mold; Curing treatment: put the mold containing silicone into a drying oven set at 35℃ to 45℃ for drying; Cleaning and processing: After the silicone is completely cured, take the mold out of the drying oven and clean it with deionized water and alcohol in turn.

9. A self-driving cable vibration monitoring sensor according to claim 8, characterized in that: The method for preparing the sensor further comprises the following steps: Make the sleeve, model the inner and outer sleeves through modeling software, and print them using a 3D printer; To make the signal cable, cut the shielded cable into a single 3-meter-long segment. Use a wire stripper to strip 40-50 mm of the outer insulation layer from one end of the shielded cable and strip out two wires. The stripped length is about 15-20 mm. Paste the electrodes, cut the inner electrode layer and the outer electrode layer to the corresponding size, and stick them on the outer wall of the inner sleeve and the inner wall of the outer sleeve respectively, and then pass the two wires at the end of the shielding wire without the aluminum foil layer through the inner and outer sleeves and adhere them to the corresponding electrode layers.

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