High-temperature energy storage monitoring method and device based on capacitive pressure sensor, and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-temperature energy storage monitoring method and device based on a capacitive pressure sensor and a medium, and relates to the technical field of safety monitoring. Whether the state of an energy storage medium in a high-temperature energy storage system is stable or not is judged; if so, directly determining the pressure intensity of the energy storage medium according to the output signal corresponding to the fixed input signal. If the state of the energy storage medium is not stable, the input signal is controlled to change in a preset signal range, then an input-output signal change curve is obtained through fitting, and the input-output signal change curve contains information that the output signal changes along with the change of the input signal and also contains information that the output signal changes along with the change of the input signal. According to the invention, the input-output signal change curve also contains the change information of the output signal caused by the influence of the temperature, so that the pressure intensity value of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system is obtained by analyzing the input-output signal change curve, and the accuracy of the pressure monitoring result of the capacitive pressure sensor on the high-temperature energy storage system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of safety monitoring technology, and in particular to a high-temperature energy storage monitoring method and device, and a medium based on a capacitive pressure sensor. Background Art

[0002] A high-temperature energy storage system is an energy storage system that stores energy in the form of thermal energy. During the charging phase, an external energy source (such as solar energy, waste heat, etc.) transfers heat to the energy storage medium, causing its temperature to rise. During the discharge phase, when energy is needed, the stored thermal energy is released and transferred to a working fluid (such as water, steam, etc.) through a heat exchanger to drive a generator or other heat engine to generate electricity or provide power. Common energy storage media include molten salts, ceramics, metals, etc. These media have high heat capacity and thermal stability and can store large amounts of thermal energy at high temperatures. During the operation of the high-temperature energy storage system, the pressure of the energy storage medium needs to be monitored in real time to further determine the operating status of the high-temperature energy storage system.

[0003] High-temperature pressure sensors used in high-temperature energy storage systems mainly include semiconductor sensors, sputtered alloy film high-temperature pressure sensors, high-temperature optical fiber pressure sensors, and high-temperature capacitive pressure sensors. Compared with piezoresistive pressure sensors, semiconductor capacitive pressure sensors have high sensitivity and low power consumption, making them a commonly used pressure sensor in high-temperature energy storage systems.

[0004] Faced with the high temperature of several hundred degrees of energy storage medium in high-temperature energy storage systems, capacitive pressure sensors are often affected by the following factors: (1) Reduced measurement accuracy: Temperature changes will cause the capacitance value of the sensor to change. For example, in a high temperature environment, the dielectric constant between the capacitor plates may change, causing the capacitance value to deviate from the original pressure-capacitance correspondence, thereby reducing measurement accuracy. (2) Zero-point drift: Temperature changes may cause the output signal of the sensor to change when there is no pressure input, that is, zero-point drift occurs, which will cause errors in actual measurements. In the face of the above-mentioned influences, the main methods used in the prior art to improve the measurement accuracy of capacitive pressure sensors when used at high temperatures are:

[0005] (1) Hardware compensation: Use temperature sensor: Integrate the temperature sensor inside the sensor to monitor the working temperature of the sensor in real time. According to the output signal of the temperature sensor, the output of the capacitive pressure sensor is temperature compensated through circuit design. For example, temperature sensors such as thermistors and thermocouples can be used to convert the temperature signal into an electrical signal and input it into the compensation circuit for processing. A special compensation circuit is often designed to perform temperature compensation on the output of the capacitive pressure sensor. The compensation circuit can be implemented using an analog circuit or a digital circuit. According to the output signal of the temperature sensor and the output signal of the pressure sensor, the temperature compensation value is calculated and the output of the pressure sensor is corrected.

[0006] (2) Software compensation: Establish a temperature compensation model: Establish a temperature compensation model for capacitive pressure sensors through experiments and data analysis. The temperature compensation model can be an analytical model based on a mathematical formula, or an intelligent model based on machine learning algorithms such as neural networks and support vector machines. According to the temperature compensation model, the output of the sensor is compensated by software. Often, during the use of the sensor, the output signal of the temperature sensor and the output signal of the pressure sensor are collected in real time, and the output of the pressure sensor is compensated online using the temperature compensation model. Online compensation can adjust the output of the sensor in real time and improve the measurement accuracy and stability of the sensor at different temperatures.

[0007] However, the temperature of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system is often unstable. For example, for the solar high-temperature energy storage system, the temperature of the energy storage medium is constantly changing due to the change in the intensity of sunlight. Moreover, since heat conduction takes time, the change in the temperature of the energy storage medium does not immediately affect the capacitive pressure sensor. Therefore, the above-mentioned hardware compensation method can only be applied to the state where the temperature of the energy storage medium is stable. When the temperature of the energy storage medium fluctuates, the temperature distribution of the sensor is uneven and constantly changing, making it difficult to obtain the temperature of the sensor in time. Similarly, the software compensation method is also difficult to cope with the situation where the temperature distribution of the sensor is uneven and constantly changing. As a result, the pressure monitoring results of the capacitive pressure sensor for the high-temperature energy storage system are inaccurate. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a new high-temperature energy storage monitoring method based on a capacitive pressure sensor, so as to improve the accuracy of the pressure monitoring results of the capacitive pressure sensor for the high-temperature energy storage system. Summary of the invention

[0008] The present invention provides a high-temperature energy storage monitoring method and device based on a capacitive pressure sensor, and a medium for improving the accuracy of the pressure monitoring result of the capacitive pressure sensor on a high-temperature energy storage system.

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the first aspect of the present invention discloses a high-temperature energy storage monitoring method based on a capacitive pressure sensor, the method is used to monitor the pressure of an energy storage medium in a high-temperature energy storage system through a capacitive pressure sensor, the capacitance value of the capacitive device in the capacitive pressure sensor changes with the pressure of the energy storage medium, so that the output signal output after the input signal passes through the capacitive pressure sensor changes, the method comprises:

[0010] Fix the input signal, and determine whether the change value of the output signal within a preset time range is greater than or equal to a preset change threshold;

[0011] If it is determined that the change value of the output signal within the preset time range is less than a preset change threshold, determining the pressure of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system according to the output signal;

[0012] If it is determined that the change value of the output signal within the preset time range is greater than or equal to the preset change threshold, the following operations are performed:

[0013] Controlling the input signal to change within a preset signal range, and obtaining the output signal corresponding to different input signals; fitting an input-output signal change curve according to different input signals and the output signal corresponding to each input signal, wherein the input-output signal change curve is used to represent the corresponding relationship between the output signal and the input signal;

[0014] According to the input-output signal variation curve, the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system is determined.

[0015] As an optional implementation manner, in the first aspect of the present invention, the controlling the input signal to change within a preset signal range, and obtaining the output signals corresponding to different input signals; and fitting the input-output signal change curve according to the different input signals and the output signals corresponding to each input signal, comprising:

[0016] At each preset target moment, the input signal is controlled to change within a preset signal range, and the output signal corresponding to the different input signals is obtained; according to the different input signals and the output signal corresponding to each input signal, an input-output signal change curve corresponding to the target moment is fitted;

[0017] And, determining the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high temperature energy storage system according to the input-output signal change curve includes:

[0018] For the target moment to be monitored, the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system corresponding to the target moment to be monitored is determined based on the input-output signal change curve corresponding to the target moment to be monitored and the input-output signal change curves corresponding to multiple preset target moments before the target moment to be monitored.

[0019] As an optional implementation, in the first aspect of the present invention, when it is determined that the change value of the output signal within the preset time range is greater than or equal to a preset change threshold, the method further includes:

[0020] Obtaining a pressure value of an energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system corresponding to each target time in a preset target time set, wherein the target time set includes a plurality of consecutive target times;

[0021] Calculating a discrete degree parameter of the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high temperature energy storage system corresponding to all the target moments in the target moment set, wherein the discrete degree parameter includes at least one of a range, a variance, a standard deviation and a mean square error;

[0022] Determine whether the discrete degree parameter corresponding to the target moment set is less than or equal to a preset discrete degree threshold; if it is determined that the discrete degree parameter corresponding to the target moment set is less than or equal to the preset discrete degree threshold, re-trigger the operation of fixing the input signal and determining whether a change value of the output signal within a preset time range is greater than or equal to a preset change threshold.

[0023] As an optional implementation, in the first aspect of the present invention, for the target moment to be monitored, according to the input-output signal change curve corresponding to the target moment to be monitored, and the input-output signal change curves corresponding to the preset multiple target moments before the target moment to be monitored, determining the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system corresponding to the target moment to be monitored, includes:

[0024] For a target moment to be monitored, inputting the input-output signal change curve corresponding to the target moment to be monitored and the input-output signal change curves corresponding to a plurality of preset target moments before the target moment to be monitored into a preset curve analysis model, and obtaining a temperature state parameter output by the curve analysis model, wherein the temperature state parameter is used to represent a temperature change trend of the capacitive device in the capacitive pressure sensor;

[0025] For the target time to be monitored, according to the input-output signal change curve corresponding to the target time to be monitored and the temperature state parameter, determine the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system corresponding to the target time to be monitored;

[0026] Wherein, the curve analysis model is obtained using multiple sets of training data sets, each set of training data sets includes a set of input-output signal training curves and temperature state parameters corresponding to the set of input-output signal training curves, and the curve analysis model is used to determine the temperature state parameters based on a set of training input-output signal change curves.

[0027] As an optional implementation, in the first aspect of the present invention, the high temperature energy storage system is provided with a plurality of target capacitive pressure sensors, and the method further comprises:

[0028] For each of the target capacitive pressure sensors in the high-temperature energy storage system, the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system determined by the target capacitive pressure sensor is saved in a sensor node corresponding to the target capacitive pressure sensor; wherein the sensor node is a node corresponding to the target capacitive pressure sensor on a pressure knowledge graph constructed based on the high-temperature energy storage system;

[0029] According to the pressure values ​​stored in all the sensor nodes on the pressure knowledge graph, several pressure propagation directions are determined from the pressure knowledge graph, and according to all the pressure propagation directions and the pressure values ​​stored in all the sensor nodes on the pressure knowledge graph, the pressure distribution parameters corresponding to the high-temperature energy storage system are determined, and the pressure distribution parameters are used to represent the pressure distribution on the high-temperature energy storage system.

[0030] As an optional embodiment, in the first aspect of the present invention, the method further comprises:

[0031] Determine whether the pressure distribution parameter satisfies the preset pressure abnormal distribution condition. If the pressure distribution parameter satisfies the preset pressure abnormal distribution condition, the following operations are triggered:

[0032] For each preset update time point, according to the pressure values ​​determined by all the target capacitive pressure sensors in the high temperature energy storage system at the update time point, the pressure values ​​stored in all the sensor nodes on the pressure knowledge graph are updated to obtain an updated pressure knowledge graph corresponding to the update time point;

[0033] For each preset update time point, according to the pressure values ​​stored in all the sensor nodes on the updated pressure knowledge graph corresponding to the update time point, the fault node on the updated pressure knowledge graph is determined, and the fault-related node corresponding to the fault node is determined; according to all the fault nodes and all the fault-related nodes corresponding to the update time point, the fault weight value of each sensor node on the updated pressure knowledge graph corresponding to the update time point is determined, and the fault weight value is used to measure the influence of the corresponding sensor node on the fault;

[0034] According to the fault weight value of each sensor node on the updated pressure knowledge graph corresponding to all the update time points, a target fault node is determined, and the target fault position on the high temperature energy storage system is determined according to the target fault node.

[0035] As an optional implementation, in the first aspect of the present invention, for each preset update time point, determining the faulty node on the updated pressure knowledge graph according to the pressure values ​​stored by all the sensor nodes on the updated pressure knowledge graph corresponding to the update time point includes:

[0036] For each of the sensor nodes on the updated pressure knowledge graph corresponding to each preset update time point, the expected pressure value corresponding to the sensor node is determined based on the pressure values ​​stored in all related nodes that have an associated relationship with the sensor node; it is judged whether the difference between the pressure value stored in the sensor node and the expected pressure value is greater than a preset fault threshold; if it is judged that the difference between the pressure value stored in the sensor node and the expected pressure value is greater than the preset fault threshold, the sensor node is determined to be a faulty node.

[0037] The second aspect of the present invention discloses a high-temperature energy storage monitoring device based on a capacitive pressure sensor, the device is used to monitor the pressure of an energy storage medium in a high-temperature energy storage system through a capacitive pressure sensor, the capacitance value of the capacitive device in the capacitive pressure sensor changes with the pressure of the energy storage medium, so that the output signal output after the input signal passes through the capacitive pressure sensor changes, the device comprises:

[0038] A signal determination module, used to fix the input signal and determine whether a change value of the output signal within a preset time range is greater than or equal to a preset change threshold;

[0039] A first monitoring module, configured to determine the pressure of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system according to the output signal when it is determined that the change value of the output signal within the preset time range is less than a preset change threshold;

[0040] A curve fitting module, used for controlling the input signal to change within a preset signal range and obtaining the output signals corresponding to different input signals when it is determined that the change value of the output signal within a preset time range is greater than or equal to a preset change threshold value; fitting an input-output signal change curve according to different input signals and the output signal corresponding to each input signal, wherein the input-output signal change curve is used to represent the corresponding relationship between the output signal and the input signal;

[0041] The second monitoring module is used to determine the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system according to the input-output signal change curve.

[0042] As an optional implementation, in the second aspect of the present invention, the curve fitting module controls the input signal to change within a preset signal range, and obtains the output signal corresponding to different input signals; according to the different input signals and the output signal corresponding to each input signal, a specific method of fitting to obtain the input-output signal change curve includes:

[0043] At each preset target moment, the input signal is controlled to change within a preset signal range, and the output signal corresponding to the different input signals is obtained; according to the different input signals and the output signal corresponding to each input signal, an input-output signal change curve corresponding to the target moment is fitted;

[0044] And, the specific manner in which the second monitoring module determines the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system according to the input-output signal change curve includes:

[0045] For the target moment to be monitored, the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system corresponding to the target moment to be monitored is determined based on the input-output signal change curve corresponding to the target moment to be monitored and the input-output signal change curves corresponding to multiple preset target moments before the target moment to be monitored.

[0046] As an optional implementation, in the second aspect of the present invention, the device further includes:

[0047] A periodic monitoring module, configured to obtain the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system corresponding to each target moment in a preset target moment set when the signal judgment module judges that the change value of the output signal within a preset time range is greater than or equal to a preset change threshold, wherein the target moment set includes a plurality of consecutive target moments;

[0048] A discrete analysis module, used to calculate a discrete degree parameter of the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system corresponding to all the target moments in the target moment set, wherein the discrete degree parameter includes at least one of a range, a variance, a standard deviation and a mean square error;

[0049] A trigger judgment module is used to judge whether the discrete degree parameter corresponding to the target moment set is less than or equal to a preset discrete degree threshold. If it is judged that the discrete degree parameter corresponding to the target moment set is less than or equal to the preset discrete degree threshold, the signal judgment module is re-triggered to execute the operation of fixing the input signal and judging whether the change value of the output signal within a preset time range is greater than or equal to the preset change threshold.

[0050] As an optional implementation, in the second aspect of the present invention, the second monitoring module determines, for the target moment to be monitored, the specific manner in which the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high temperature energy storage system corresponding to the target moment to be monitored, according to the input-output signal change curve corresponding to the target moment to be monitored, and the input-output signal change curves corresponding to the preset multiple target moments before the target moment to be monitored, includes:

[0051] For a target moment to be monitored, inputting the input-output signal change curve corresponding to the target moment to be monitored and the input-output signal change curves corresponding to a plurality of preset target moments before the target moment to be monitored into a preset curve analysis model, and obtaining a temperature state parameter output by the curve analysis model, wherein the temperature state parameter is used to represent a temperature change trend of the capacitive device in the capacitive pressure sensor;

[0052] For the target time to be monitored, according to the input-output signal change curve corresponding to the target time to be monitored and the temperature state parameter, determine the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system corresponding to the target time to be monitored;

[0053] Wherein, the curve analysis model is obtained using multiple sets of training data sets, each set of training data sets includes a set of input-output signal training curves and temperature state parameters corresponding to the set of input-output signal training curves, and the curve analysis model is used to determine the temperature state parameters based on a set of training input-output signal change curves.

[0054] As an optional implementation, in the second aspect of the present invention, the high temperature energy storage system is provided with a plurality of target capacitive pressure sensors, and the device further comprises:

[0055] A graph updating module, for each of the target capacitive pressure sensors in the high-temperature energy storage system, saving the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system determined by the target capacitive pressure sensor to a sensor node corresponding to the target capacitive pressure sensor; wherein the sensor node is a node corresponding to the target capacitive pressure sensor on the pressure knowledge graph constructed based on the high-temperature energy storage system;

[0056] The pressure analysis module is used to determine a number of pressure propagation directions from the pressure knowledge graph according to the pressure values ​​stored in all the sensor nodes on the pressure knowledge graph, and determine the pressure distribution parameters corresponding to the high-temperature energy storage system according to all the pressure propagation directions and the pressure values ​​stored in all the sensor nodes on the pressure knowledge graph, wherein the pressure distribution parameters are used to represent the pressure distribution on the high-temperature energy storage system.

[0057] As an optional implementation, in the second aspect of the present invention, the device further includes:

[0058] A pressure judgment module, used to judge whether the pressure distribution parameters meet the preset pressure abnormal distribution conditions;

[0059] A periodic update module, used for updating the pressure values ​​stored in all the sensor nodes on the pressure knowledge graph according to the pressure values ​​determined by all the target capacitive pressure sensors in the high-temperature energy storage system at each preset update time point when the pressure judgment module determines that the pressure distribution parameters meet the preset pressure abnormal distribution conditions, and obtaining an updated pressure knowledge graph corresponding to the update time point;

[0060] A fault analysis module is used to determine, for each preset update time point, the fault node on the updated pressure knowledge graph according to the pressure values ​​stored by all the sensor nodes on the updated pressure knowledge graph corresponding to the update time point, and determine the fault-related nodes corresponding to the fault node; determine the fault weight value of each sensor node on the updated pressure knowledge graph corresponding to the update time point according to all the fault nodes and all the fault-related nodes corresponding to the update time point, and the fault weight value is used to measure the influence of the corresponding sensor node on the fault;

[0061] A fault determination module is used to determine a target fault node according to the fault weight value of each sensor node on the updated pressure knowledge graph corresponding to all the update time points, and determine a target fault location on the high temperature energy storage system according to the target fault node.

[0062] As an optional implementation, in the second aspect of the present invention, the fault analysis module determines the specific manner of the fault node on the updated pressure knowledge graph according to the pressure values ​​stored by all the sensor nodes on the updated pressure knowledge graph corresponding to the update time point for each preset update time point, including:

[0063] For each of the sensor nodes on the updated pressure knowledge graph corresponding to each preset update time point, the expected pressure value corresponding to the sensor node is determined based on the pressure values ​​stored in all related nodes that have an associated relationship with the sensor node; it is judged whether the difference between the pressure value stored in the sensor node and the expected pressure value is greater than a preset fault threshold; if it is judged that the difference between the pressure value stored in the sensor node and the expected pressure value is greater than the preset fault threshold, the sensor node is determined to be a faulty node.

[0064] The third aspect of the present invention discloses another high-temperature energy storage monitoring device based on a capacitive pressure sensor, the device comprising:

[0065] A memory storing executable program code;

[0066] a processor coupled to the memory;

[0067] The processor calls the executable program code stored in the memory to execute the high-temperature energy storage monitoring method based on a capacitive pressure sensor disclosed in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0068] The fourth aspect of the present invention discloses a computer storage medium, which stores computer instructions. When the computer instructions are called, they are used to execute the high-temperature energy storage monitoring method based on a capacitive pressure sensor disclosed in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0069] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0070] The present invention can determine whether the state of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system is stable. If the state of the energy storage medium is stable, the pressure of the energy storage medium is directly determined according to the output signal corresponding to the fixed input signal, and the operation is simple and efficient. If the state of the energy storage medium is unstable, the input signal is controlled to change within the preset signal range, and then the input-output signal change curve is obtained by fitting. The input-output signal change curve contains both information about the output signal changing with the input signal and information about the change of the output signal due to the influence of temperature. Therefore, by analyzing the input-output signal change curve, the information about the output signal changing with the input signal and the information about the change of the output signal due to the influence of temperature can be distinguished respectively, thereby obtaining the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system, and improving the accuracy of the pressure monitoring result of the capacitive pressure sensor on the high-temperature energy storage system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0071] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0072] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a high temperature energy storage monitoring method based on a capacitive pressure sensor disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of another high-temperature energy storage monitoring method based on a capacitive pressure sensor disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a high-temperature energy storage monitoring device based on a capacitive pressure sensor disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of another high-temperature energy storage monitoring device based on a capacitive pressure sensor disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of another high-temperature energy storage monitoring device based on a capacitive pressure sensor disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0077] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0078] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, device, product or end including a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units that are not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products or ends.

[0079] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The appearance of the phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0080] The present invention discloses a high-temperature energy storage monitoring method, device and medium based on a capacitive pressure sensor. The main inventive concept is: if the state of the energy storage medium is stable, the pressure of the energy storage medium is determined directly according to the output signal corresponding to the fixed input signal; if the state of the energy storage medium is unstable, the input signal is controlled to change within a preset signal range, and then the input-output signal change curve is fitted to obtain the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system, thereby improving the accuracy of the pressure monitoring results of the capacitive pressure sensor on the high-temperature energy storage system.

[0081] Embodiment 1

[0082] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 : is a flow chart of a high temperature energy storage monitoring method based on a capacitive pressure sensor disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 The described high-temperature energy storage monitoring method based on a capacitive pressure sensor can be applied to a high-temperature energy storage monitoring device based on a capacitive pressure sensor. The high-temperature energy storage monitoring device based on a capacitive pressure sensor can be integrated in a cloud server or a local server, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0083] in, Figure 1 The described high temperature energy storage monitoring method based on a capacitive pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure of the energy storage medium in the high temperature energy storage system through the capacitive pressure sensor. The capacitance value of the capacitive device in the capacitive pressure sensor changes with the pressure of the energy storage medium, so that the output signal output after the input signal passes through the capacitive pressure sensor changes. The high temperature energy storage monitoring method based on the capacitive pressure sensor may include the following operations:

[0084] Step 101: fix the input signal and determine whether the change value of the output signal within a preset time range is greater than or equal to a preset change threshold.

[0085] In the embodiment of the present invention, in the process of monitoring the high-temperature energy storage system, firstly, according to the common mode: fix the input signal, observe the change of the output signal according to the pressure change of the energy storage medium, and judge the pressure of the energy storage medium. However, this common mode is suitable for measurements when the temperature of the energy storage medium is stable. When the temperature of the energy storage medium is unstable, the output signal will produce various fluctuations, especially when the temperature of the energy storage medium is constantly changing, such as when the temperature of the energy storage medium is constantly decreasing due to the instability of the heat source. In the embodiment of the present invention, the stability of the temperature and pressure of the energy storage medium is judged by judging whether the change value of the output signal within the preset time range is greater than or equal to the preset change threshold, because in the high-temperature energy storage system, the pressure fluctuation is usually related to the temperature fluctuation. When the high-temperature energy storage system is relatively stable, the pressure and temperature of the energy storage medium are relatively stable or change more slowly. In the embodiment of the present invention, the preset time range can be any time period less than 0.5S, and the smaller the preset time range is, the more it can reflect the temperature fluctuation; further optionally, a reasonable change threshold can be determined by analyzing the historical data of the high-temperature energy storage system. For example, if the pressure change rate of a certain high-temperature energy storage system under normal operation does not exceed a specific value, the change threshold is determined based on the specific value. For example, if the voltage of the output signal changes by 0.9V within the preset 0.4S time range, which exceeds the preset change threshold of 0.1V, it is judged that the energy storage medium is unstable at this time.

[0086] In an optional embodiment, the change value may also be a change value of a parameter measuring the discreteness of a curve such as a variance or a standard deviation of a curve on which the output signal changes with time, so as to more accurately judge the stability of the energy storage medium.

[0087] Step 102: If it is determined that the change value of the output signal within the preset time range is less than the preset change threshold, the pressure of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system is determined according to the output signal.

[0088] In the embodiment of the present invention, if it is determined that the change value of the output signal within the preset time range is less than the preset change threshold, it means that the energy storage medium is stable and its temperature has not changed significantly. At this time, the commonly used pressure measurement mode is used: the pressure of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system is determined according to the output signal.

[0089] Step 103: If it is determined that the change value of the output signal within the preset time range is greater than or equal to the preset change threshold, the following operations are performed:

[0090] The input signal is controlled to change within a preset signal range, and output signals corresponding to different input signals are obtained; according to different input signals and the output signals corresponding to each input signal, an input-output signal change curve is fitted, and the input-output signal change curve is used to represent the corresponding relationship between the output signal and the input signal.

[0091] In an embodiment of the present invention, if it is determined that the change value of the output signal within a preset time range is greater than or equal to a preset change threshold, it means that the energy storage medium is unstable and its temperature is likely to have changed significantly. At this time, if the common mode is used for pressure measurement, the accuracy of the measured pressure value is reduced due to the influence of temperature. In an embodiment of the present invention, the input signal is controlled to change within a preset signal range, and output signals corresponding to different input signals are obtained. For example, for an AC input signal, the frequency of the input signal can be fixed, and the voltage of the input signal can be controlled to increase once every 0.1V within a range of 0V to 36V, and the voltage of the output signal obtained after each increase is obtained. Subsequently, the input-output signal change curve is fitted based on different input signals and the output signal corresponding to each input signal.

[0092] Step 104: Determine the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high temperature energy storage system according to the input-output signal variation curve.

[0093] In the embodiment of the present invention, the input-output signal change curve includes not only the information that the output signal changes with the input signal, but also the information that the output signal changes due to the influence of temperature. Therefore, by analyzing the input-output signal change curve, the information that the output signal changes with the input signal and the information that the output signal changes due to the influence of temperature can be distinguished, thereby obtaining the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system. Optionally, if the temperature of the energy storage medium does not change, the same operation in step 103 is performed to obtain a stable input-output signal change curve. In the embodiment of the present invention, due to the change in temperature, there is a deviation between the input-output signal change curve finally fitted and the stable input-output signal change curve. Therefore, based on the analysis of the above deviation, the influence of temperature can be eliminated to determine the pressure value of the energy storage medium. Optionally, a series of curves with known energy storage medium temperature and pressure can be pre-determined, and the pressure value of the energy storage medium can be determined by matching the known curve corresponding to the input-output signal change curve.

[0094] For example, the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system is in the heat absorption stage, and its temperature is constantly rising. Under the influence of the temperature of the energy storage medium, the temperature of the capacitive pressure sensor is also constantly rising. Therefore, for the capacitive pressure sensor whose temperature is constantly changing, the method of measuring its temperature in the prior art can only obtain its instantaneous temperature information, but cannot obtain its temperature change information. However, the input-output signal change curve in the embodiment of the present invention contains the temperature change information, and based on the analysis of the input-output signal change curve, it is possible to obtain a more accurate measurement result based on the temperature change information.

[0095] It can be seen that the implementation of the high-temperature energy storage monitoring method based on the capacitive pressure sensor in the embodiment of the present invention can determine whether the state of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system is stable. If the state of the energy storage medium is stable, the pressure of the energy storage medium is directly determined according to the output signal corresponding to the fixed input signal, and the operation is simple and efficient. If the state of the energy storage medium is unstable, the input signal is controlled to change within the preset signal range, and then the input-output signal change curve is obtained by fitting. The input-output signal change curve contains both information about the change of the output signal as the input signal changes, and information about the change of the output signal due to the influence of temperature. Therefore, by analyzing the input-output signal change curve, the information about the change of the output signal as the input signal changes and the information about the change of the output signal due to the influence of temperature can be distinguished, thereby obtaining the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system, and improving the accuracy of the pressure monitoring results of the capacitive pressure sensor on the high-temperature energy storage system.

[0096] In an optional embodiment, controlling the input signal to change within a preset signal range and obtaining output signals corresponding to different input signals; fitting the input-output signal change curve according to different input signals and the output signals corresponding to each input signal may include:

[0097] At each preset target moment, the input signal is controlled to change within a preset signal range, and output signals corresponding to different input signals are obtained; according to different input signals and the output signals corresponding to each input signal, an input-output signal change curve corresponding to the target moment is fitted;

[0098] And, according to the input-output signal change curve, determine the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high temperature energy storage system, including:

[0099] For the target moment to be monitored, the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system corresponding to the target moment to be monitored is determined based on the input-output signal change curve corresponding to the target moment to be monitored and the input-output signal change curves corresponding to multiple preset target moments before the target moment to be monitored.

[0100] Since the temperature change of the energy storage medium is difficult to predict, if the input-output signal change curve obtained by fitting is only based on one data acquisition, the accuracy is still insufficient. Therefore, in order to further improve the accuracy of the monitoring result, in this optional embodiment, once it is determined that the state of the energy storage medium is unstable, multiple fitting of the input-output signal change curve will be performed, for example, the input-output signal change curve can be periodically obtained. In addition, the determination of the pressure value of the energy storage medium at a certain moment will be obtained based on the analysis of the input-output signal change curve obtained by fitting at several historical moments combined with the input-output signal change curve obtained by fitting at this moment.

[0101] This optional embodiment is illustrated as follows:

[0102] If at moment a it is determined that the change value of the output signal within the preset time range is greater than or equal to the preset change threshold, then at moments b, c, d, e and f after moment a and with a time interval of 1s, the following operations are performed respectively: the voltage of the input signal is controlled to increase once every 0.1V within the range of 0V to 36V, and the voltage of the output signal obtained after each increase is obtained, and then the input-output signal change curve corresponding to each moment is fitted according to different input signals and the output signals corresponding to each input signal.

[0103] The monitoring of the pressure value of the energy storage medium at time f is obtained by analyzing the five curves corresponding to the five moments b, c, d, e and f. Among them, the five curves corresponding to the five moments b, c, d, e and f not only contain information about the change of the output signal as the input signal changes, but also contain information about the change of the output signal due to the influence of temperature over a period of time. Therefore, by analyzing the five curves corresponding to the five moments b, c, d, e and f, the change of the temperature of the capacitive sensor will be measured more accurately, thereby obtaining a more accurate pressure value of the energy storage medium.

[0104] It can be seen that, in this optional embodiment, once it is determined that the state of the energy storage medium is unstable, multiple fitting of the input-output signal change curve will be performed, and the determination of the pressure value of the energy storage medium at a certain moment will be obtained based on the analysis of the input-output signal change curve obtained by fitting at several historical moments combined with the input-output signal change curve obtained by fitting at this moment. The change of the temperature of the capacitive sensor can be measured more accurately, thereby obtaining a more accurate pressure value of the energy storage medium.

[0105] In another optional embodiment, when it is determined that the change value of the output signal within the preset time range is greater than or equal to a preset change threshold, the method may further include:

[0106] Obtaining a pressure value of an energy storage medium in a high-temperature energy storage system corresponding to each target time in a preset target time set, wherein the target time set includes a plurality of consecutive target times;

[0107] Calculate the discrete degree parameter of the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high temperature energy storage system corresponding to all target times in the target time set;

[0108] Determine whether the discrete degree parameter corresponding to the target moment set is less than or equal to the preset discrete degree threshold. If it is determined that the discrete degree parameter corresponding to the target moment set is less than or equal to the preset discrete degree threshold, re-trigger the execution of the fixed input signal to determine whether the change value of the output signal within the preset time range is greater than or equal to the preset change threshold.

[0109] In this optional embodiment, after determining that the state of the energy storage medium is unstable, the energy storage medium pressure monitoring process will be carried out by fitting the input-output signal change curve, but the above monitoring mode requires a high amount of calculation. If the above mode is always used, it will bring huge consumption in terms of calculation. Therefore, in this optional embodiment, the discrete degree parameter is calculated to determine whether the fluctuation of the temperature or pressure of the energy storage medium is gradually becoming flat, wherein the discrete degree parameter includes at least one of the range, variance, standard deviation and mean square error. The discrete degree parameter can measure the fluctuation of the curve and can be well used to determine whether the fluctuation of the temperature or pressure of the energy storage medium is gradually becoming flat. Once it is determined that the discrete degree parameter corresponding to the target time set is less than or equal to the preset discrete degree threshold, the fixed input signal is re-triggered to determine whether the change value of the output signal within the preset time range is greater than or equal to the preset change threshold. Thus, the conventional pressure monitoring mode with low calculation amount is entered.

[0110] It can be seen that this optional embodiment can determine whether the fluctuation of the temperature or pressure of the energy storage medium is gradually becoming gentle by calculating the discrete degree parameter. Once it is determined that the discrete degree parameter corresponding to the target time set is less than or equal to the preset discrete degree threshold, the conventional pressure monitoring mode with lower calculation amount is entered, thereby reducing the calculation amount of pressure monitoring and improving the monitoring efficiency of the energy storage medium pressure in the high-temperature energy storage system.

[0111] In yet another optional embodiment, for a target time to be monitored, determining the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high temperature energy storage system corresponding to the target time to be monitored according to the input-output signal change curve corresponding to the target time to be monitored and the input-output signal change curves corresponding to a plurality of preset target times before the target time to be monitored may include:

[0112] For a target moment to be monitored, input an input-output signal change curve corresponding to the target moment to be monitored and input-output signal change curves corresponding to a plurality of preset target moments before the target moment to be monitored into a preset curve analysis model, and obtain a temperature state parameter output by the curve analysis model, the temperature state parameter being used to represent a temperature change trend of a capacitive device in a capacitive pressure sensor;

[0113] For the target time to be monitored, according to the input-output signal change curve corresponding to the target time to be monitored and the temperature state parameter, determine the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system corresponding to the target time to be monitored;

[0114] In this optional embodiment, the curve analysis model is obtained using multiple sets of training data sets, each set of training data sets includes a set of input-output signal training curves and temperature state parameters corresponding to the set of input-output signal training curves, and the curve analysis model is used to determine the temperature state parameters based on a set of training input-output signal change curves.

[0115] This optional embodiment is illustrated as follows:

[0116] If at moment a it is determined that the change value of the output signal within the preset time range is greater than or equal to the preset change threshold, then at moments b, c, d, e and f after moment a and with a time interval of 1s, the following operations are performed respectively: the voltage of the input signal is controlled to increase once every 0.1V within the range of 0V to 36V, and the voltage of the output signal obtained after each increase is obtained, and then the input-output signal change curve corresponding to each moment is fitted according to different input signals and the output signals corresponding to each input signal.

[0117] For monitoring the pressure value of the energy storage medium at time f, the five curves corresponding to the five times b, c, d, e and f are input into the preset curve analysis model to obtain the temperature state parameters output by the curve analysis model, and then the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system corresponding to time f is determined based on the curve and temperature state parameters corresponding to time f.

[0118] It can be seen that in this optional embodiment, the change information of the output signal caused by the influence of temperature within a period of time contained in the multiple curves corresponding to the multiple target moments is first extracted through the curve analysis model, that is, the temperature state parameter, and then the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system corresponding to the target moment to be monitored is determined according to the input-output signal change curve corresponding to the target moment to be monitored and the temperature state parameter, thereby further improving the monitoring efficiency and monitoring accuracy of the energy storage medium pressure in the high-temperature energy storage system.

[0119] Embodiment 2

[0120] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of another high-temperature energy storage monitoring method based on a capacitive pressure sensor disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 The described high-temperature energy storage monitoring method based on a capacitive pressure sensor can be applied to a high-temperature energy storage monitoring device based on a capacitive pressure sensor. The high-temperature energy storage monitoring device based on a capacitive pressure sensor can be integrated in a cloud server or a local server, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0121] in, Figure 2 The described high temperature energy storage monitoring method based on a capacitive pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure of the energy storage medium in the high temperature energy storage system through the capacitive pressure sensor. The capacitance value of the capacitive device in the capacitive pressure sensor changes with the pressure of the energy storage medium, so that the output signal output after the input signal passes through the capacitive pressure sensor changes. The high temperature energy storage monitoring method based on the capacitive pressure sensor may include the following operations:

[0122] Step 201: fix the input signal and determine whether the change value of the output signal within a preset time range is greater than or equal to a preset change threshold.

[0123] Step 202: If it is determined that the change value of the output signal within the preset time range is less than the preset change threshold, the pressure of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system is determined according to the output signal.

[0124] Step 203: If it is determined that the change value of the output signal within the preset time range is greater than or equal to the preset change threshold, the following operations are performed:

[0125] The input signal is controlled to change within a preset signal range, and output signals corresponding to different input signals are obtained; according to different input signals and the output signals corresponding to each input signal, an input-output signal change curve is fitted, and the input-output signal change curve is used to represent the corresponding relationship between the output signal and the input signal.

[0126] Step 204: Determine the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high temperature energy storage system according to the input-output signal variation curve.

[0127] For the detailed description of steps 201 to 204 , please refer to the description of steps 101 to 104 in the first embodiment, which will not be described in detail in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0128] Step 205: For each target capacitive pressure sensor in the high-temperature energy storage system, the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system determined by the target capacitive pressure sensor is saved in a sensor node corresponding to the target capacitive pressure sensor.

[0129] In the embodiment of the present invention, the sensor node is the node corresponding to the target capacitive pressure sensor on the pressure knowledge graph constructed based on the high temperature energy storage system, wherein the knowledge graph is a technology that uses a graph structure to describe knowledge and information. It constructs a huge knowledge network by representing entities (such as people, places, things, etc.) and the relationships between them in the form of nodes and edges. The entity in the knowledge graph refers to a specific thing or abstract concept in the real world. For example, people, places, organizations, events, products, etc. can all be entities. Entities are usually represented by unique identifiers, such as digital numbers, names, or URLs. In the knowledge graph, an entity can have multiple attributes to describe its characteristics, such as a sensor node can include location, current pressure magnitude, historical pressure magnitude, etc. Relationship refers to the connection or association between entities. For example, the upstream and downstream relationship between sensor nodes, the kinship between people, the geographical location relationship between places, the causal relationship between events, etc. are all relationships in the knowledge graph.

[0130] In the embodiment of the present invention, a pressure knowledge graph is constructed based on the high-temperature energy storage system, so that more efficient storage and analysis of pressure data on the high-temperature energy storage system can be achieved.

[0131] Step 206: According to the pressure values ​​stored in all sensor nodes on the pressure knowledge graph, several pressure propagation directions are determined from the pressure knowledge graph, and according to all pressure propagation directions and the pressure values ​​stored in all sensor nodes on the pressure knowledge graph, the pressure distribution parameters corresponding to the high temperature energy storage system are determined.

[0132] In the embodiment of the present invention, a single capacitive pressure sensor can only monitor the pressure at a certain position in the high-temperature energy storage system. For the pressure distribution of the energy storage medium at various positions in the entire high-temperature energy storage system, a more efficient storage and representation method is also required. In the embodiment of the present invention, a pressure knowledge graph is constructed based on the high-temperature energy storage system, and several pressure propagation directions are determined from the pressure knowledge graph according to the pressure values ​​stored by all sensor nodes on the pressure knowledge graph. When the high-temperature energy storage medium is running stably, the theoretical pressure propagation direction can be determined only according to the relationship between all sensor nodes in the pressure knowledge graph, but in practical applications, especially when the high-temperature energy storage system is just starting or about to stop running, the pressure propagation direction changes due to the instability of the energy storage medium; on the other hand, when a blockage or other fault occurs in the high-temperature energy storage system, the pressure propagation direction will also change. Therefore, according to the pressure values ​​stored by all sensor nodes on the pressure knowledge graph, the embodiment of the present invention determines several pressure propagation directions from the pressure knowledge graph, thereby obtaining the real pressure propagation direction.

[0133] In the embodiment of the present invention, the pressure distribution parameter is used to represent the pressure distribution on the high-temperature energy storage system. It not only represents the pressure magnitude at each sensor position, but also includes the pressure value at the position between any two sensors. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate the pressure value at the position between any two sensors based on the actual pressure propagation direction and the pressure result monitored by the capacitive pressure sensor, so as to obtain the pressure distribution parameter. Based on the pressure distribution parameter, the user can determine the pressure value at any position on the high-temperature energy storage system.

[0134] It can be seen that the high-temperature energy storage monitoring method based on the capacitive pressure sensor in the embodiment of the present invention is implemented, and a pressure knowledge graph is constructed based on the high-temperature energy storage system, so that more efficient storage and analysis of pressure data on the high-temperature energy storage system can be achieved. In addition, the embodiment of the present invention determines the pressure distribution parameters corresponding to the high-temperature energy storage system based on all pressure propagation directions and the pressure values ​​stored by all sensor nodes on the pressure knowledge graph, and can more accurately analyze the pressure distribution on the high-temperature energy storage system.

[0135] In an optional embodiment, the method may further include:

[0136] Determine whether the pressure distribution parameters meet the preset pressure abnormal distribution conditions. If the pressure distribution parameters meet the preset pressure abnormal distribution conditions, the following operations are triggered:

[0137] For each preset update time point, according to the pressure values ​​determined by all target capacitive pressure sensors in the high-temperature energy storage system at the update time point, the pressure values ​​stored in all sensor nodes on the pressure knowledge graph are updated to obtain the updated pressure knowledge graph corresponding to the update time point;

[0138] For each preset update time point, according to the pressure values ​​stored in all sensor nodes on the update pressure knowledge graph corresponding to the update time point, the fault node on the update pressure knowledge graph is determined, and the fault-related node corresponding to the fault node is determined; according to all fault nodes and all fault-related nodes corresponding to the update time point, the fault weight value of each sensor node on the update pressure knowledge graph corresponding to the update time point is determined, and the fault weight value is used to measure the influence of the corresponding sensor node on the fault;

[0139] According to the fault weight value of each sensor node on the updated pressure knowledge graph corresponding to all update time points, the target fault node is determined, and the target fault location on the high temperature energy storage system is determined according to the target fault node.

[0140] In this optional embodiment, once a certain point on the high-temperature energy storage system fails, the failure will affect a series of subsequent locations, and even cause the entire energy storage system to shut down. Therefore, a method for tracing the fault location is proposed in this optional embodiment. Among them, the preset abnormal pressure distribution condition can be based on the pressure distribution recorded in previous fault conditions. For example, the pressure at a certain medium outlet should be lower than other locations. Therefore, once the pressure at the medium outlet is higher than other locations, a fault may have occurred.

[0141] In this optional embodiment, once it is determined that the pressure distribution parameters meet the preset pressure abnormal distribution conditions, a series of update time points are preset in the future, and the pressure knowledge graph is updated once at each update time point, so that the impact of the fault on the high-temperature energy storage system can be obtained. For example, if there is a blockage at position A, the blockage at position A will gradually affect positions B, C, D, E, etc. over time. This optional embodiment updates the pressure knowledge graph once at each update time point, which can just reflect the above-mentioned fault diffusion process.

[0142] For each preset update time point, the fault node on the updated pressure knowledge graph is determined, and the fault-related nodes corresponding to the fault node are determined. Among them, the fault node at this time is only the node position where the pressure is abnormal, not necessarily the actual position where the fault occurs, because a fault in one position will cause abnormalities in different positions. Therefore, a fault location tracing method is required to determine the target fault node where the fault actually occurs from several fault nodes.

[0143] In an embodiment of the present invention, the fault weight value is used to measure the influence of the corresponding sensor node on the fault. According to all fault nodes and all fault-related nodes corresponding to the update time point, the fault weight value of each sensor node on the update pressure knowledge graph corresponding to the update time point can be determined. Optionally, the corresponding fault weight value of each node is determined according to the frequency of occurrence of each node. Finally, the target fault node is determined according to the fault weight value of each sensor node on the update pressure knowledge graph corresponding to all update time points, and the target fault location on the high temperature energy storage system is determined according to the target fault node.

[0144] It can be seen that this optional embodiment proposes a method for tracing the fault location. Once it is determined that the pressure distribution parameters meet the preset pressure abnormal distribution conditions, a series of update time points are preset in the future, and the pressure knowledge graph is updated once at each update time point, so that the impact process of the fault on the high-temperature energy storage system can be obtained. Finally, based on the calculation of the fault weight value of each sensor node, the target fault location is determined, thereby realizing the tracing of the fault location on the high-temperature energy storage system.

[0145] In another optional embodiment, for each preset update time point, determining the faulty node on the update pressure knowledge graph according to the pressure values ​​stored by all sensor nodes on the update pressure knowledge graph corresponding to the update time point may include:

[0146] For each sensor node on the updated pressure knowledge graph corresponding to each preset update time point, the expected pressure value corresponding to the sensor node is determined based on the pressure values ​​stored in all related nodes that have an associated relationship with the sensor node; it is judged whether the difference between the pressure value stored in the sensor node and the expected pressure value is greater than the preset fault threshold; if it is judged that the difference between the pressure value stored in the sensor node and the expected pressure value is greater than the preset fault threshold, the sensor node is determined to be a faulty node.

[0147] In this optional embodiment, the expected pressure value corresponding to the sensor node represents the pressure value of the sensor derived from the pressure values ​​of other sensors related to the sensor, assuming that the high-temperature energy storage system is fault-free. Under normal circumstances, the difference between the expected pressure value corresponding to the sensor node and the actual pressure value obtained will not be too large. If it is determined that the difference between the pressure value stored by the sensor node and the expected pressure value is greater than the preset fault threshold, the sensor node is determined to be a faulty node. It can be seen that this optional embodiment can more reasonably determine the faulty node based on the analysis of the expected pressure value of the sensor node.

[0148] Embodiment 3

[0149] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3 The present invention discloses a high-temperature energy storage monitoring device based on a capacitive pressure sensor. The high-temperature energy storage monitoring device based on a capacitive pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system through the capacitive pressure sensor. The capacitance value of the capacitor in the capacitive pressure sensor changes with the pressure of the energy storage medium, so that the output signal output by the input signal after passing through the capacitive pressure sensor changes, such as Figure 3 As shown, the high temperature energy storage monitoring device based on the capacitive pressure sensor may include:

[0150] The signal determination module 301 is used to determine whether the change value of the output signal within a preset time range is greater than or equal to a preset change threshold value based on the fixed input signal;

[0151] The first monitoring module 302 is used to determine the pressure of the energy storage medium in the high temperature energy storage system according to the output signal when it is determined that the change value of the output signal within the preset time range is less than the preset change threshold;

[0152] The curve fitting module 303 is used to control the input signal to change within a preset signal range and obtain output signals corresponding to different input signals when it is determined that the change value of the output signal within a preset time range is greater than or equal to a preset change threshold value; according to different input signals and the output signal corresponding to each input signal, an input-output signal change curve is obtained by fitting, and the input-output signal change curve is used to represent the corresponding relationship between the output signal and the input signal;

[0153] The second monitoring module 304 is used to determine the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high temperature energy storage system according to the input-output signal change curve.

[0154] It can be seen that the high-temperature energy storage monitoring device based on the capacitive pressure sensor in the embodiment of the present invention can determine whether the state of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system is stable. If the state of the energy storage medium is stable, the pressure of the energy storage medium is directly determined according to the output signal corresponding to the fixed input signal, and the operation is simple and efficient. If the state of the energy storage medium is unstable, the input signal is controlled to change within the preset signal range, and then the input-output signal change curve is obtained by fitting. The input-output signal change curve contains both information about the change of the output signal with the change of the input signal and information about the change of the output signal due to the influence of temperature. Therefore, by analyzing the input-output signal change curve, the information about the change of the output signal with the change of the input signal and the information about the change of the output signal due to the influence of temperature can be distinguished respectively, thereby obtaining the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system, and improving the accuracy of the pressure monitoring result of the capacitive pressure sensor on the high-temperature energy storage system.

[0155] In an optional embodiment, the curve fitting module 303 controls the input signal to change within a preset signal range, and obtains output signals corresponding to different input signals; according to different input signals and the output signals corresponding to each input signal, the specific method of fitting the input-output signal change curve may include:

[0156] At each preset target moment, the input signal is controlled to change within a preset signal range, and output signals corresponding to different input signals are obtained; according to different input signals and the output signals corresponding to each input signal, an input-output signal change curve corresponding to the target moment is fitted;

[0157] Furthermore, the specific manner in which the second monitoring module 304 determines the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high temperature energy storage system according to the input-output signal change curve may include:

[0158] For the target moment to be monitored, the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system corresponding to the target moment to be monitored is determined based on the input-output signal change curve corresponding to the target moment to be monitored and the input-output signal change curves corresponding to multiple preset target moments before the target moment to be monitored.

[0159] It can be seen that, in this optional embodiment, once it is determined that the state of the energy storage medium is unstable, multiple fitting of the input-output signal change curve will be performed, and the determination of the pressure value of the energy storage medium at a certain moment will be obtained based on the analysis of the input-output signal change curve obtained by fitting at several historical moments combined with the input-output signal change curve obtained by fitting at this moment. The change of the temperature of the capacitive sensor can be measured more accurately, thereby obtaining a more accurate pressure value of the energy storage medium.

[0160] In another optional embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the device may also include:

[0161] The periodic monitoring module 305 is used to obtain the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high temperature energy storage system corresponding to each target moment in the preset target moment set when the signal judgment module 301 judges that the change value of the output signal within the preset time range is greater than or equal to the preset change threshold, and the target moment set includes a plurality of consecutive target moments;

[0162] A discrete analysis module 306 is used to calculate a discrete degree parameter of the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high temperature energy storage system corresponding to all target moments in the target moment set, where the discrete degree parameter includes at least one of a range, a variance, a standard deviation and a mean square error;

[0163] The trigger judgment module 307 is used to judge whether the discrete degree parameter corresponding to the target moment set is less than or equal to the preset discrete degree threshold. If it is judged that the discrete degree parameter corresponding to the target moment set is less than or equal to the preset discrete degree threshold, the signal judgment module 301 is re-triggered to execute the fixed input signal and judge whether the change value of the output signal within the preset time range is greater than or equal to the preset change threshold.

[0164] It can be seen that this optional embodiment can determine whether the fluctuation of the temperature or pressure of the energy storage medium is gradually becoming gentle by calculating the discrete degree parameter. Once it is determined that the discrete degree parameter corresponding to the target time set is less than or equal to the preset discrete degree threshold, the conventional pressure monitoring mode with lower calculation amount is entered, thereby reducing the calculation amount of pressure monitoring and improving the monitoring efficiency of the energy storage medium pressure in the high-temperature energy storage system.

[0165] In another optional embodiment, the second monitoring module 304 determines the specific manner of the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high temperature energy storage system corresponding to the target time to be monitored according to the input-output signal change curve corresponding to the target time to be monitored and the input-output signal change curves corresponding to the preset multiple target times before the target time to be monitored, which may include:

[0166] For a target moment to be monitored, input an input-output signal change curve corresponding to the target moment to be monitored and input-output signal change curves corresponding to a plurality of preset target moments before the target moment to be monitored into a preset curve analysis model, and obtain a temperature state parameter output by the curve analysis model, the temperature state parameter being used to represent a temperature change trend of a capacitive device in a capacitive pressure sensor;

[0167] For the target time to be monitored, according to the input-output signal change curve corresponding to the target time to be monitored and the temperature state parameter, determine the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system corresponding to the target time to be monitored;

[0168] Among them, the curve analysis model is obtained using multiple sets of training data sets, each set of training data sets includes a set of input-output signal training curves and temperature state parameters corresponding to the set of input-output signal training curves, and the curve analysis model is used to determine the temperature state parameters based on a set of training input-output signal change curves.

[0169] It can be seen that in this optional embodiment, the change information of the output signal caused by the influence of temperature within a period of time contained in the multiple curves corresponding to the multiple target moments is first extracted through the curve analysis model, that is, the temperature state parameter, and then the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system corresponding to the target moment to be monitored is determined according to the input-output signal change curve corresponding to the target moment to be monitored and the temperature state parameter, thereby further improving the monitoring efficiency and monitoring accuracy of the energy storage medium pressure in the high-temperature energy storage system.

[0170] In yet another optional embodiment, a plurality of target capacitive pressure sensors are provided in the high temperature energy storage system, and the device further comprises:

[0171] A graph updating module 308 is used to save, for each target capacitive pressure sensor in the high-temperature energy storage system, the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system determined by the target capacitive pressure sensor to a sensor node corresponding to the target capacitive pressure sensor; wherein the sensor node is a node corresponding to the target capacitive pressure sensor on the pressure knowledge graph constructed based on the high-temperature energy storage system;

[0172] The pressure analysis module 309 is used to determine several pressure propagation directions from the pressure knowledge graph according to the pressure values ​​stored in all sensor nodes on the pressure knowledge graph, and determine the pressure distribution parameters corresponding to the high-temperature energy storage system according to all pressure propagation directions and the pressure values ​​stored in all sensor nodes on the pressure knowledge graph. The pressure distribution parameters are used to represent the pressure distribution on the high-temperature energy storage system.

[0173] It can be seen that this optional embodiment constructs a pressure knowledge graph based on the high-temperature energy storage system, thereby enabling more efficient storage and analysis of pressure data on the high-temperature energy storage system. In addition, the embodiment of the present invention determines the pressure distribution parameters corresponding to the high-temperature energy storage system based on all pressure propagation directions and the pressure values ​​stored by all sensor nodes on the pressure knowledge graph, and can more accurately analyze the pressure distribution on the high-temperature energy storage system.

[0174] In yet another optional embodiment, the device may further include:

[0175] The pressure determination module 310 is used to determine whether the pressure distribution parameters meet the preset pressure abnormal distribution conditions;

[0176] The periodic updating module 311 is used to update the pressure values ​​stored in all sensor nodes on the pressure knowledge graph for each preset update time point according to the pressure values ​​determined by all target capacitive pressure sensors in the high temperature energy storage system at the update time point when the pressure judgment module 310 judges that the pressure distribution parameters meet the preset pressure abnormal distribution conditions, and obtain the updated pressure knowledge graph corresponding to the update time point;

[0177] The fault analysis module 312 is used to determine the fault node on the updated pressure knowledge graph and the fault-related node corresponding to the fault node for each preset update time point according to the pressure values ​​stored in all sensor nodes on the updated pressure knowledge graph corresponding to the update time point; determine the fault weight value of each sensor node on the updated pressure knowledge graph corresponding to the update time point according to all fault nodes and all fault-related nodes corresponding to the update time point, and the fault weight value is used to measure the influence of the corresponding sensor node on the fault;

[0178] The fault determination module 313 is used to determine the target fault node according to the fault weight value of each sensor node on the updated pressure knowledge graph corresponding to all update time points, and determine the target fault position on the high temperature energy storage system according to the target fault node.

[0179] It can be seen that this optional embodiment proposes a method for tracing the fault location. Once it is determined that the pressure distribution parameters meet the preset pressure abnormal distribution conditions, a series of update time points are preset in the future, and the pressure knowledge graph is updated once at each update time point, so that the impact process of the fault on the high-temperature energy storage system can be obtained. Finally, based on the calculation of the fault weight value of each sensor node, the target fault location is determined, thereby realizing the tracing of the fault location on the high-temperature energy storage system.

[0180] In another optional embodiment, the fault analysis module 312 determines the specific manner of the fault node on the updated pressure knowledge graph according to the pressure values ​​stored by all sensor nodes on the updated pressure knowledge graph corresponding to the updated time point for each preset update time point, which may include:

[0181] For each sensor node on the updated pressure knowledge graph corresponding to each preset update time point, the expected pressure value corresponding to the sensor node is determined based on the pressure values ​​stored in all related nodes that have an associated relationship with the sensor node; it is judged whether the difference between the pressure value stored in the sensor node and the expected pressure value is greater than the preset fault threshold; if it is judged that the difference between the pressure value stored in the sensor node and the expected pressure value is greater than the preset fault threshold, the sensor node is determined to be a faulty node.

[0182] In this optional embodiment, the expected pressure value corresponding to the sensor node represents the pressure value of the sensor derived from the pressure values ​​of other sensors related to the sensor, assuming that the high-temperature energy storage system is fault-free. Under normal circumstances, the difference between the expected pressure value corresponding to the sensor node and the actual pressure value obtained will not be too large. If it is determined that the difference between the pressure value stored by the sensor node and the expected pressure value is greater than the preset fault threshold, the sensor node is determined to be a faulty node. It can be seen that this optional embodiment can more reasonably determine the faulty node based on the analysis of the expected pressure value of the sensor node.

[0183] Embodiment 4

[0184] See also Figure 5 , Figure 5 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another high-temperature energy storage monitoring device based on a capacitive pressure sensor disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 As shown, the high temperature energy storage monitoring device based on the capacitive pressure sensor may include:

[0185] A memory 401 storing executable program codes;

[0186] a processor 402 coupled to the memory 401;

[0187] The processor 402 calls the executable program code stored in the memory 401 to execute the steps of the high-temperature energy storage monitoring method based on the capacitive pressure sensor described in the first embodiment of the present invention or the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0188] Embodiment 5

[0189] An embodiment of the present invention discloses a computer storage medium, which stores computer instructions. When the computer instructions are called, they are used to execute the steps in the high-temperature energy storage monitoring method based on a capacitive pressure sensor described in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0190] Embodiment 6

[0191] An embodiment of the present invention discloses a computer program product, which includes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, and the computer program is operable to enable a computer to execute the steps in the high-temperature energy storage monitoring method based on a capacitive pressure sensor described in Example 1 or Example 2.

[0192] The device embodiments described above are only illustrative, wherein the modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as modules may or may not be physical modules, i.e., they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network modules. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art may understand and implement it without creative work.

[0193] Through the specific description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each implementation method can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on such an understanding, the above technical solution can be essentially or partly contributed to the prior art in the form of a software product, and the computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the storage medium includes a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), a one-time programmable read-only memory (OTPROM), an electronically erasable rewritable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, magnetic disk storage, magnetic tape storage, or any other computer-readable medium that can be used to carry or store data.

[0194] Finally, it should be noted that the high-temperature energy storage monitoring method, device, and medium based on a capacitive pressure sensor disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments can still be modified, or some of the technical features therein can be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-temperature energy storage monitoring method based on a capacitive pressure sensor, the method is used to monitor the pressure of an energy storage medium in a high-temperature energy storage system through a capacitive pressure sensor, the capacitance value of the capacitive device in the capacitive pressure sensor changes with the pressure of the energy storage medium, so that the output signal output by the input signal after passing through the capacitive pressure sensor changes, characterized in that: The method comprises: Fix the input signal, and determine whether a change value of the output signal within a preset time range is greater than or equal to a preset change threshold; If it is determined that the change value of the output signal within the preset time range is less than a preset change threshold, determining the pressure of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system according to the output signal; If it is determined that the change value of the output signal within the preset time range is greater than or equal to the preset change threshold, the following operations are performed: Controlling the input signal to change within a preset signal range, and obtaining the output signal corresponding to different input signals; fitting an input-output signal change curve according to different input signals and the output signal corresponding to each input signal, wherein the input-output signal change curve is used to represent the corresponding relationship between the output signal and the input signal; According to the input-output signal variation curve, the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system is determined.

2. The high temperature energy storage monitoring method based on a capacitive pressure sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The controlling the input signal to change within a preset signal range, and obtaining the output signal corresponding to different input signals; According to the different input signals and the output signal corresponding to each input signal, fitting an input-output signal variation curve includes: At each preset target moment, the input signal is controlled to change within a preset signal range, and the output signal corresponding to the different input signals is obtained; according to the different input signals and the output signal corresponding to each input signal, an input-output signal change curve corresponding to the target moment is fitted; And, determining the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high temperature energy storage system according to the input-output signal change curve includes: For the target moment to be monitored, the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system corresponding to the target moment to be monitored is determined based on the input-output signal change curve corresponding to the target moment to be monitored and the input-output signal change curves corresponding to multiple preset target moments before the target moment to be monitored.

3. The high temperature energy storage monitoring method based on a capacitive pressure sensor according to claim 2 is characterized in that: When it is determined that the change value of the output signal within the preset time range is greater than or equal to a preset change threshold, the method further includes: Obtaining a pressure value of an energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system corresponding to each target time in a preset target time set, wherein the target time set includes a plurality of consecutive target times; Calculating a discrete degree parameter of the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high temperature energy storage system corresponding to all the target moments in the target moment set, wherein the discrete degree parameter includes at least one of a range, a variance, a standard deviation and a mean square error; Determine whether the discrete degree parameter corresponding to the target moment set is less than or equal to a preset discrete degree threshold; if it is determined that the discrete degree parameter corresponding to the target moment set is less than or equal to the preset discrete degree threshold, re-trigger the operation of fixing the input signal and determining whether a change value of the output signal within a preset time range is greater than or equal to a preset change threshold.

4. The high temperature energy storage monitoring method based on a capacitive pressure sensor according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The method of determining the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high temperature energy storage system corresponding to the target time to be monitored according to the input-output signal change curve corresponding to the target time to be monitored and the input-output signal change curves corresponding to a plurality of preset target times before the target time to be monitored for the target time to be monitored comprises: For a target moment to be monitored, inputting the input-output signal change curve corresponding to the target moment to be monitored and the input-output signal change curves corresponding to a plurality of preset target moments before the target moment to be monitored into a preset curve analysis model, and obtaining a temperature state parameter output by the curve analysis model, wherein the temperature state parameter is used to represent a temperature change trend of the capacitive device in the capacitive pressure sensor; For the target time to be monitored, according to the input-output signal change curve corresponding to the target time to be monitored and the temperature state parameter, determine the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system corresponding to the target time to be monitored; Wherein, the curve analysis model is obtained using multiple sets of training data sets, each set of training data sets includes a set of input-output signal training curves and temperature state parameters corresponding to the set of input-output signal training curves, and the curve analysis model is used to determine the temperature state parameters based on a set of training input-output signal change curves.

5. The high temperature energy storage monitoring method based on a capacitive pressure sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The high temperature energy storage system is provided with a plurality of target capacitive pressure sensors, and the method further comprises: For each of the target capacitive pressure sensors in the high-temperature energy storage system, the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system determined by the target capacitive pressure sensor is saved in a sensor node corresponding to the target capacitive pressure sensor; wherein the sensor node is a node corresponding to the target capacitive pressure sensor on a pressure knowledge graph constructed based on the high-temperature energy storage system; According to the pressure values ​​stored in all the sensor nodes on the pressure knowledge graph, several pressure propagation directions are determined from the pressure knowledge graph, and according to all the pressure propagation directions and the pressure values ​​stored in all the sensor nodes on the pressure knowledge graph, the pressure distribution parameters corresponding to the high-temperature energy storage system are determined, and the pressure distribution parameters are used to represent the pressure distribution on the high-temperature energy storage system.

6. The high temperature energy storage monitoring method based on a capacitive pressure sensor according to any one of claim 5, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Determine whether the pressure distribution parameter satisfies the preset pressure abnormal distribution condition. If the pressure distribution parameter satisfies the preset pressure abnormal distribution condition, the following operations are triggered: For each preset update time point, according to the pressure values ​​determined by all the target capacitive pressure sensors in the high temperature energy storage system at the update time point, the pressure values ​​stored in all the sensor nodes on the pressure knowledge graph are updated to obtain an updated pressure knowledge graph corresponding to the update time point; For each preset update time point, according to the pressure values ​​stored in all the sensor nodes on the updated pressure knowledge graph corresponding to the update time point, the fault node on the updated pressure knowledge graph is determined, and the fault-related node corresponding to the fault node is determined; according to all the fault nodes and all the fault-related nodes corresponding to the update time point, the fault weight value of each sensor node on the updated pressure knowledge graph corresponding to the update time point is determined, and the fault weight value is used to measure the influence of the corresponding sensor node on the fault; According to the fault weight value of each sensor node on the updated pressure knowledge graph corresponding to all the update time points, a target fault node is determined, and the target fault position on the high temperature energy storage system is determined according to the target fault node.

7. The high temperature energy storage monitoring method based on a capacitive pressure sensor according to any one of claim 6, characterized in that: For each preset update time point, determining the fault node on the update pressure knowledge graph according to the pressure values ​​stored by all the sensor nodes on the update pressure knowledge graph corresponding to the update time point includes: For each of the sensor nodes on the updated pressure knowledge graph corresponding to each preset update time point, the expected pressure value corresponding to the sensor node is determined based on the pressure values ​​stored in all related nodes that have an associated relationship with the sensor node; it is judged whether the difference between the pressure value stored in the sensor node and the expected pressure value is greater than a preset fault threshold; if it is judged that the difference between the pressure value stored in the sensor node and the expected pressure value is greater than the preset fault threshold, the sensor node is determined to be a faulty node.

8. A high-temperature energy storage monitoring device based on a capacitive pressure sensor, the device is used to monitor the pressure of an energy storage medium in a high-temperature energy storage system through a capacitive pressure sensor, the capacitance value of the capacitive device in the capacitive pressure sensor changes with the pressure of the energy storage medium, so that the output signal output by the input signal after passing through the capacitive pressure sensor changes, characterized in that: The device comprises: A signal determination module, used to fix the input signal and determine whether a change value of the output signal within a preset time range is greater than or equal to a preset change threshold; A first monitoring module, configured to determine the pressure of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system according to the output signal when it is determined that the change value of the output signal within the preset time range is less than a preset change threshold; A curve fitting module, used for controlling the input signal to change within a preset signal range and obtaining the output signals corresponding to different input signals when it is determined that the change value of the output signal within a preset time range is greater than or equal to a preset change threshold value; fitting an input-output signal change curve according to different input signals and the output signal corresponding to each input signal, wherein the input-output signal change curve is used to represent the corresponding relationship between the output signal and the input signal; The second monitoring module is used to determine the pressure value of the energy storage medium in the high-temperature energy storage system according to the input-output signal change curve.

9. A high temperature energy storage monitoring device based on a capacitive pressure sensor, characterized in that: The device includes: a memory storing executable program code; a processor coupled to the memory; the processor calls the executable program code stored in the memory to execute the high-temperature energy storage monitoring method based on a capacitive pressure sensor as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer storage medium, characterized in that: The computer storage medium stores computer instructions, and when the computer instructions are called, they are used to execute the high-temperature energy storage monitoring method based on a capacitive pressure sensor as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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