Soil sample sampling device and sampling method for soil saline-alkali pollution prevention and control

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil sample sampling device and sampling method for soil saline-alkali pollution prevention and control, and particularly relates to the field of soil saline-alkali pollution prevention and control, the soil sample sampling device comprises a mounting rack, a sampling pipe is inserted into the center of the mounting rack, a drill bit is arranged at the bottom end of the sampling pipe, and an ejector rod is inserted into the top end of the sampling pipe; a rotating rod is arranged in the sampling pipe, and the bottom end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected with the top end of a drill bit. By arranging a drill bit, a sampling pipe and a tooth frame, in the sampling process, the drill bit at the bottom end can be driven by a motor to rotate, the sampling pipe can conveniently enter a soil layer, after the sampling pipe reaches the sampling depth, the drill bit can continue to go deep downwards through an ejector rod, meanwhile, the tooth frame on a rotating rod can loosen surrounding soil, and therefore the sampling pipe is opened, and after loosening is completed, the sampling pipe is driven to rotate. The drill rod is pulled upwards to reset, the soil sample is driven to enter the sampling pipe, and sampling is completed, so that the soil samples with different depths can be sampled, and the operation is relatively convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of soil salinity and alkali pollution prevention and control, and more specifically, to a soil sample sampling device and a soil sample sampling method for soil salinity and alkali pollution prevention and control. Background Art

[0002] Soil is an important material basis for agricultural production, and the quality of soil environment directly affects the output of agricultural production and the quality of agricultural products. In order to systematically investigate and evaluate the content and distribution of harmful substances in the soil in the survey area, and then analyze the degree of soil pollution in the area, and provide basic data for soil pollution control, it is necessary to extract soil samples during the testing process.

[0003] Soil samples need to be taken from soil at different depths, and existing sampling devices require a lot of manpower when sampling some deeper soil layers. The surface soil layer needs to be dug up and the sampling device needs to be placed inside the soil layer for sampling, which is rather troublesome.

[0004] In addition, the existing soil sampling devices all use a drill bit to guide the excavation of underground soil, and then use an external sampling spoon to pick up the soil. However, this design can only achieve the acquisition of a single debris-like soil sample or a block soil sample, and cannot achieve the acquisition of loose and block soil at the same time. Although other existing automatic soil sample acquisition devices can rely on a drill bit and a sampling tube to perform synchronous soil sampling, they can only acquire a single debris-like soil, and cannot acquire block soil, so it is impossible to evaluate the overall viscosity and hardness of the soil, and can only perform conventional soil analysis. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a soil sample sampling device and a sampling method for soil salinity and alkali pollution prevention and control. By setting a drill bit, a sampling tube and a tooth rack, during the sampling process, the drill bit at the bottom can be driven by a motor to rotate, so that the sampling tube can enter the soil layer. After reaching the sampling depth, the drill bit can be further pushed downward by the push rod. At the same time, the tooth rack on the rotating rod will also loosen the surrounding soil, thereby opening the sampling tube. After loosening, the drill rod is pulled upward to reset, driving the soil sample into the sampling tube to complete the sampling. In this way, soil samples at different depths can be sampled, which is more convenient.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a soil sample sampling device for preventing and controlling soil salinity and alkali pollution, comprising:

[0007] A mounting frame, wherein a sampling tube is inserted into the center of the mounting frame, a drill bit is arranged at the bottom end of the sampling tube, a push rod is inserted at the top end of the sampling tube, a rotating rod is arranged inside the sampling tube, and the bottom end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected to the top end of the drill bit;

[0008] An angle bracket is integrally mounted on the outer surface of the mounting frame, a support column is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the angle bracket, and a drill rod is installed inside the support column.

[0009] Furthermore, a motor is fixedly mounted on the inner bottom end of the push rod, and the bottom end of the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to the top end of the rotating rod, and a gear rack is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the rotating rod.

[0010] Furthermore, a slide is integrally mounted on the outer surface of one side of the sampling tube, and the sampling tube is slidably connected to the mounting frame via the slide, and a plurality of slots are provided on the outer surface of one side of the slide.

[0011] Furthermore, a clamping column is provided on one side of the interior of the mounting frame, and one end of the clamping column matches the clamping slot.

[0012] Furthermore, a slide groove is provided on the outer surface of the top end of the mounting frame, a slide button is provided inside the slide groove, and the slide button is slidably connected to the mounting frame through the slide groove, the bottom end of the slide button is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the clamping column, and a return spring is provided inside the mounting frame at the other end of the clamping column.

[0013] Furthermore, a sliding block is fixedly installed on the top end of the drill rod, and the sliding block is slidably connected to the inner wall of the pillar.

[0014] Furthermore, a screw is provided inside the drill rod, and the screw is threadedly connected to the drill rod, a turntable is rotatably installed on the top end of the angle bracket, and the bottom end of the turntable is fixedly connected to the top end of the screw.

[0015] Among them, a plurality of second magnetic blocks and a plurality of third magnetic blocks are embedded in the lower half and the bottom end of the sampling tube body at equal angles, the drill bit is a conical body and three arc-shaped flexible hard scraping claws are hingedly installed at equal angles on the top of the cone body, and a second magnetic block is embedded in the top of each scraping claw body. When the drill bit abuts against the bottom end of the sampling tube body, the scraping claw body penetrates into the sampling tube body and abuts against the inner wall of the tube body.

[0016] A method for sampling soil samples for preventing and controlling soil salinity and alkali pollution, comprising the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: Sampling preparation: organize a sampling team composed of professionals who have certain field investigation experience, are familiar with soil sampling technical procedures, and are responsible for their work. Before sampling, organize them to learn about the relevant business and technical work plan. The materials used for sample collection include: tools, utensils, stationery, protective equipment, and sampling vehicles;

[0018] Step 2: Sampling points are located in the study area where the soil is in good natural condition, the ground is flat, various factors are relatively stable, and the representative area of ​​saline-alkali land is 1-2hm 2 For the plots of land, the sampling personnel use GPS to accurately locate the coordinate information of the sampling records, the longitude and latitude of the specific location;

[0019] Step 3: Sampling method. The sampling method uses the plum blossom point method. After the planned sampling point is determined on site, a sampling area of ​​20mx20m is delineated with the determined point as the center. The double diagonal method is used for 5-point sampling. The sampling method of each sub-sampling point is the same as the single sample collection method. The sampling volume of the 5 points is basically the same. The above sampling device is installed at each sub-point for sampling. After mixing at each sub-point, 1kg of excess is taken and discarded by quartering. A total of 78 samples are collected this time. Each sample number consists of a category code and a sequence number. In addition to the above soil sample collection, the surface 0-20cm soil is taken from each sampling point. If there are more impurities such as sand, gravel, and grass roots in the soil or the water content is high, the sample sampling volume is appropriately increased. The collection volume is about 80kg, and it is also processed according to the soil sample preparation method for indoor soil improvement and plant pot experiments.

[0020] Step 4: Clean the sampling tools. After completing each sampling point, clean the tools in time to avoid cross contamination.

[0021] Step 5: Sample packaging: collect soil samples and put them into plastic bags. Paste a sample label on the outside of the plastic bags. Then put the plastic bags containing soil samples into cloth bags and tie another sample label on the seal of the cloth bags. The sampling personnel will fill in the sample labels on site, and the sampling team will conduct self-inspection of the samples and sampling records on site to avoid situations where the sample packaging containers are damaged or the sampling information is missing or wrong.

[0022] Step 6: Sample transportation. The sampling team designates a person in charge of checking the samples one by one at the sample shipping site and signs the soil sample shipping record sheet. The sample label, sample weight, sample quantity, sample packaging container, storage temperature, sample destination, sample delivery time limit, etc. are checked in particular. Sample transportation can only be carried out after no problems are found. The sample circulation transportation ensures the safety and timely delivery of the samples. Sample transportation boxes are used during sample transportation, and appropriate shock absorption and isolation are done to avoid sample damage, loss or contamination of sample labels.

[0023] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0024] 1. In the present invention, the design that the rotating rod can slide in the sampling tube is combined with three magnetic blocks and three scraping claws with embedded magnetic blocks, so that the present application can collect powdery soil and block soil samples at the same time, so that debris and block soil can be obtained after a single collection operation, thereby completing soil analysis and multi-parameter analysis such as hardness and viscosity.

[0025] 2. The present invention provides a drill bit, a sampling tube and a tooth rack. During the sampling process, the motor can be used to drive the drill bit at the bottom to rotate, so that the sampling tube can enter the soil layer. After reaching the sampling depth, the drill bit can be pushed deeper downward by the top rod. At the same time, the tooth rack on the rotating rod can loosen the surrounding soil, thereby opening the sampling tube. After the loosening is completed, the drill rod is pulled upward to reset, driving the soil sample to enter the sampling tube, and the sampling is completed. In this way, soil samples at different depths can be sampled, which is more convenient.

[0026] 3. The present invention is provided with pillars and drill rods. When installing the device, the turntable on the angle bracket can be rotated to drive the screw rod to rotate, so as to push the drill rod downward and insert it into the soil layer for fixation. In addition, the length of the drill rod can be adjusted according to the terrain conditions to maintain the stability of the device during operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of a support column of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a support column of the present invention in an installed and fixed state.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the mounting bracket of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the sampling tube of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of the ejector pin of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the drill bit of the present invention.

[0034] The accompanying drawings are marked as follows: 1. mounting frame; 11. slide groove; 12. slide button; 13. clamping column; 14. reset spring; 2. angle bracket; 21. support column; 22. turntable; 23. drill rod; 24. slider; 25. screw; 3. sampling tube; 31. slide; 32. clamping groove; 33. push rod; 34. drill bit; 35. rotating rod; 36. gear rack; 37. motor; 38. scraper claw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] according to Figure 4-6 A soil sample sampling device for preventing and controlling soil salinity and alkali pollution is shown, comprising:

[0037] A mounting frame 1, a sampling tube 3 is inserted into the center of the mounting frame 1, a drill bit 34 is provided at the bottom end of the sampling tube 3, a push rod 33 is inserted at the top end of the sampling tube 3, a rotating rod 35 is provided inside the sampling tube 3, and the bottom end of the rotating rod 35 is fixedly connected to the top end of the drill bit 34;

[0038] Furthermore, a motor 37 is fixedly installed at the inner bottom end of the push rod 33, and the bottom end of the output shaft of the motor 37 is fixedly connected to the top end of the rotating rod 35, and a gear rack 36 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the rotating rod 35. Then, the motor 37 is started, and the drill bit 34 at the bottom end can be driven to rotate by the motor 37, and then the sliding button 31 on one side is pushed along the sliding groove 11, driving the clamping column 13 to disengage from the clamping groove 32 of the sliding rack 31, releasing the limit of the sampling tube 3, and then pushing the sampling tube 3 downward to allow the sampling tube 3 to enter the soil layer;

[0039] Furthermore, a slide 31 is integrally installed on the outer surface of one side of the sampling tube 3, and the sampling tube 3 is slidably connected to the mounting frame 1 through the slide 31. A plurality of slots 32 are provided on the outer surface of one side of the slide 31. A clamping column 13 is provided on one side of the inner side of the mounting frame 1, and one end of the clamping column 13 matches the slot 32. Pushing a slide button 31 on one side along the slide slot 11 drives the clamping column 13 to disengage from the slot 32 of the slide 31, thereby releasing the limit on the sampling tube 3, and then pushing the sampling tube 3 downward.

[0040] Furthermore, a slide groove 11 is provided on the outer surface of the top end of the mounting frame 1, and a slide button 12 is provided inside the slide groove 11, and the slide button 12 is slidably connected to the mounting frame 1 through the slide groove 11, and the bottom end of the slide button 12 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the card column 13, and a reset spring 14 is provided inside the mounting frame 1 at the other end of the card column 13. After reaching the sampling depth, the slide button 31 is released, and the reset spring 14 will push the card column 13 inward to reset it, so that one end of the card column 13 is inserted into the corresponding card groove 32.

[0041] Among them, multiple second magnetic blocks and multiple third magnetic blocks are embedded in the lower half and the bottom of the sampling tube 3 at equal angles, respectively. The drill bit 34 is a cone and three arc-shaped flexible hard scraper claws 38 are hingedly installed at equal angles on the top of the cone body. A second magnetic block is embedded in the top of the claw body of each scraper claw 38. When the drill bit 34 abuts against the bottom end of the sampling tube 3, the scraper claw body penetrates into the sampling tube 3 and abuts against the inner wall of the tube body. This design combines the three magnetic blocks and the scraper claws 38 with three embedded magnetic blocks through the design that the rotating rod can slide in the sampling tube, so that the present application can simultaneously collect powdery soil and block soil samples, so that debris and block soil can be obtained after a single collection operation, so that soil analysis and multi-parameter analysis such as hardness and viscosity can be completed.

[0042] The specific implementation method is as follows: during the sampling process, the drill bit 34 is aligned with the sampling position, and then the motor 37 is started. The drill bit 34 at the bottom can be driven by the motor 37 to rotate, and then the sliding button 31 on one side is pushed along the sliding groove 11 to drive the clamping column 13 to disengage from the clamping groove 32 of the sliding frame 31, thereby releasing the limit of the sampling tube 3, and then the sampling tube 3 is pushed downward to allow the sampling tube 3 to enter the soil layer. After reaching the sampling depth, the sliding button 31 is released, and the reset spring 14 will push the clamping column 13 inward to reset, so that one end of the clamping column 13 is inserted into the corresponding clamping groove 32, and the drill bit 34 can be further moved downward by the push rod 33. At the same time, the tooth rack 36 on the rotating rod 35 will also loosen the surrounding soil, thereby opening the sampling tube 3. After loosening is completed, the push rod 33 is continued to be pressed down so that the three scraping claws 38 of the flexible hard material in the sampling tube 3 are detached from the tube body and exposed. The detection can be obtained by detecting the detection state of the magnetic sensor near the second or third magnetic block. The three scraper claws 38 will naturally extend outward due to the flexible material. The motor 37 is turned off. After the drill bit stops rotating, the push rod 33 is pulled upward for a distance. The pulling action causes the three scraper claws 38 to cut into the soil obliquely upward, and then the push rod 33 is pressed downward for the same distance, so that the three scraper claws 38 sample the block-shaped soil and then hinge and rotate again to close. At this time, the limit on the sampling tube 3 is released again, and the sampling tube 3 is pressed downward, so that the third magnetic block at the bottom end of the sampling tube 3 absorbs the scraper claw 38 and guides it into the sampling tube 3 again. At this time, the push rod 33 is continued to be pulled upward, so that the scraper claw 38 is completely inserted into the sampling tube 3 to complete the sampling. After the subsequent sampling tube 3 body is taken out, the upper part of the tube body is debris soil, and the lower part of the sampling tube body is block soil.

[0043] Finally, the push rod 33 is pulled upward to reset, driving the soil sample into the sampling tube 3, and finally the sampling tube 3 is pulled out to complete the sampling. In this way, soil samples at different depths can be sampled, which is more convenient.

[0044] according to Figure 1-3 The soil sample sampling device for preventing and controlling soil salinity and alkali pollution shown in the figure comprises a corner bracket 2, which is integrally mounted on the outer surface of the mounting frame 1, and a support 21 is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the corner bracket 2, and a drill rod 23 is installed inside the support 21.

[0045] Furthermore, a slider 24 is fixedly installed on the top of the drill rod 23, and the slider 24 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the pillar 21. A screw 25 is arranged inside the drill rod 23, and the screw 25 is threadedly connected to the drill rod 23. A turntable 22 is rotatably installed on the top of the angle bracket 2, and the bottom end of the turntable 22 is fixedly connected to the top of the screw 25. The screw 25 is driven to rotate by the turntable 22, and the screw 25 is threadedly connected to the drill rod 23, and the drill rod 23 is pushed downward and inserted into the soil layer for fixing. According to the installation terrain, the turntable 22 is rotated to adjust the push-out length of the drill rod 23;

[0046] The specific implementation method is as follows: when the device is installed and used, the device is first placed at the sampling position, supported by the support 21 at the bottom of the angle bracket 2, and then the turntable 22 on the angle bracket 2 is rotated, and the screw 25 is driven to rotate by the turntable 22. The screw 25 is threadedly connected with the drill rod 23, and the drill rod 23 is pushed downward and inserted into the soil layer for fixation. According to the installation terrain, the turntable 22 is rotated to adjust the push-out length of the drill rod 23, thereby increasing the stability of the device installation and ensuring the smooth progress of the sampling process. When the sampling is completed, the drill rod 23 is retracted by rotating the turntable 22.

[0047] A method for sampling soil samples for preventing and controlling soil salinity and alkali pollution, comprising the following steps:

[0048] Step 1: Sampling preparation: Organize a sampling team composed of professionals with certain field investigation experience, familiar with soil sampling technical procedures, and responsible for their work. Before sampling, organize them to learn about the relevant business and technical work plan. The materials used for sample collection include: tools, utensils, stationery, protective equipment, and sampling vehicles;

[0049] Step 2: Sampling points are located in the study area where the soil is in good natural condition, the ground is flat, various factors are relatively stable, and the representative area of ​​saline-alkali land is 1-2hm 2 For the plots of land, the sampling personnel use GPS to accurately locate the coordinate information of the sampling records, the longitude and latitude of the specific location;

[0050] Step 3: Sampling method. The sampling method uses the plum blossom point method. After the planned sampling point is determined on site, a sampling area of ​​20mx20m is delineated with the determined point as the center. The double diagonal method is used for 5-point sampling. The sampling method of each sub-sampling point is the same as the single sample collection method. The sampling volume of the 5 points is basically the same. The above sampling device is installed at each sub-point for sampling. After mixing at each sub-point, 1kg of excess is taken and discarded by quartering. A total of 78 samples are collected this time. Each sample number consists of a category code and a sequence number. In addition to the above soil sample collection, the surface 0-20cm soil is taken from each sampling point. If there are more impurities such as sand, gravel, and grass roots in the soil or the water content is high, the sample sampling volume is appropriately increased. The collection volume is about 80kg, and it is also processed according to the soil sample preparation method for indoor soil improvement and plant pot experiments.

[0051] Step 4: Clean the sampling tools. After completing each sampling point, clean the tools in time to avoid cross contamination.

[0052] Step 5: Sample packaging: collect soil samples and put them into plastic bags. Paste a sample label on the outside of the plastic bags. Then put the plastic bags containing soil samples into cloth bags and tie another sample label on the seal of the cloth bags. The sampling personnel will fill in the sample labels on site, and the sampling team will conduct self-inspection of the samples and sampling records on site to avoid situations where the sample packaging containers are damaged or the sampling information is missing or wrong.

[0053] Step 6: Sample transportation. The sampling team designates a person in charge of checking the samples one by one at the sample shipping site and signs the soil sample shipping record sheet. The sample label, sample weight, sample quantity, sample packaging container, storage temperature, sample destination, sample delivery time limit, etc. are checked in particular. Sample transportation can only be carried out after no problems are found. The sample circulation transportation ensures the safety and timely delivery of the samples. Sample transportation boxes are used during sample transportation, and appropriate shock absorption and isolation are done to avoid sample damage, loss or contamination of sample labels.

[0054] Working principle of the present invention:

[0055] Refer to the instruction manual Figure 4-6During the sampling process, the drill bit 34 is aligned with the sampling position, and then the motor 37 is started. The motor 37 can drive the drill bit 34 at the bottom to rotate, and push the sampling tube 3 downward, so that the sampling tube 3 enters the soil layer. After reaching the sampling depth, the drill bit 34 can be further pushed downward by the push rod 33. At the same time, the gear rack 36 on the rotating rod 35 will also loosen the surrounding soil, thereby opening the sampling tube 3. After the loosening is completed, the push rod 33 is continued to be pressed down so that the three scraping claws 38 of flexible hard material in the sampling tube 3 are separated from the tube body and exposed. After being exposed (the detection of the exposure action can be obtained by detecting the detection state of the magnetic sensor near the second or third magnetic block), the three scraping claws 38 will naturally extend outward due to the flexible material. The motor 37 is turned off, and after the drill bit stops rotating The push rod 33 is pulled upward for a distance, and the pulling action causes the three scraping claws to cut into the soil obliquely upward, and then the push rod 33 is pressed downward for the same distance, so that the three scraping claws 38 sample the block-shaped soil and then hinge and rotate again to close, at this time, the limit of the sampling tube 3 is released again, and the sampling tube 3 is pressed downward, so that the third magnetic block at the bottom end of the tube body of the sampling tube 3 adsorbs the scraping claws so that they are guided into the sampling tube 3 again, and the push rod 33 is continued to be pulled upward at this time, so that the scraping claws 38 are completely inserted into the sampling tube 3 to complete the sampling, so that after the subsequent sampling tube 3 body is taken out, the upper part of the tube body is debris soil, and the lower part of the sampling tube body is block soil, and finally the sampling tube 3 is pulled out to complete the sampling, and this operation can be used to sample soil samples at different depths, which is more convenient;

[0056] Refer to the instruction manual Figure 1-3 When installing and using the device, first place the device at the sampling position, support it through the support 21 at the bottom of the angle frame 2, then rotate the turntable 22 on the angle frame 2, and drive the screw 25 to rotate through the turntable 22. The screw 25 is threadedly connected with the drill rod 23, and the drill rod 23 is pushed downward and inserted into the soil layer for fixation. According to the installation terrain, the turntable 22 is rotated to adjust the push-out length of the drill rod 23 to increase the stability of the device installation and ensure the smooth progress of the sampling process. When the sampling is completed, the drill rod 23 is retracted by rotating the turntable 22.

Claims

1. A soil sampling device for preventing and controlling soil salinity and alkali pollution, characterized in that: include: A mounting frame (1), a sampling tube (3) is inserted into the center of the mounting frame (1), a drill bit (34) is arranged at the bottom end of the sampling tube (3), a push rod (33) is inserted at the top end of the sampling tube (3), a rotating rod (35) is arranged inside the sampling tube (3), and the bottom end of the rotating rod (35) is fixedly connected to the top end of the drill bit (34); An angle bracket (2), the angle bracket (2) being integrally mounted on the outer surface of the mounting frame (1), a support column (21) being fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the angle bracket (2), and a drill rod (23) being mounted inside the support column (21); A motor (37) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the inner part of the push rod (33), and the bottom end of the output shaft of the motor (37) is fixedly connected to the top end of the rotating rod (35), and a gear rack (36) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the rotating rod (35). A slide (31) is integrally installed on the outer surface of one side of the sampling tube (3), and a plurality of slots (32) are provided on the outer surface of one side of the slide (31). A clamping column (13) is provided on one side of the inner part of the mounting frame (1), and a slide groove (11) is provided on the outer surface of the top end of the mounting frame (1). A slide button (12) is provided inside the slide groove (11), and the bottom end of the slide button (12) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the clamping column (13). A reset spring (14) is provided at the other end of the clamping column (13) inside the mounting frame (1); A plurality of second magnetic blocks and a plurality of third magnetic blocks are respectively embedded in the lower half and the bottom end of the sampling tube (3) at equal angles, the drill bit (34) is a conical body and three arc-shaped flexible hard scraping claws (38) are hingedly installed at equal angles on the top of the cone body, and a second magnetic block is embedded in the top of each scraping claw (38). When the drill bit (34) abuts against the bottom end of the sampling tube (3), the scraping claw (38) penetrates into the sampling tube (3) and abuts against the inner wall of the tube body.

2. A soil sample sampling device for soil salinity and alkali pollution prevention and control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear rack (36) is a plurality of cylindrical bodies symmetrically arranged on the circumferential surface of the outer surface of the rotating rod (35).

3. A soil sample sampling device for soil salinity and alkali pollution prevention and control according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sampling tube (3) is slidably connected to the mounting frame (1) via a sliding frame (31).

4. A soil sampling device for soil salinity and alkali pollution prevention and control according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the clamping column (13) matches the clamping groove (32).

5. A soil sampling device for soil salinity and alkali pollution prevention and control according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sliding button (12) is slidably connected to the mounting frame (1) via the sliding groove (11).

6. The soil sampling device for preventing and controlling soil salinity and alkali pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sliding block (24) is fixedly mounted on the top end of the drill rod (23), and the sliding block (24) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the support (21).

7. The soil sampling device for preventing and controlling soil salinity and alkali pollution according to claim 6 is characterized by: A screw rod (25) is arranged inside the drill rod (23), and the screw rod (25) is threadedly connected to the drill rod (23); a turntable (22) is rotatably mounted on the top end of the angle bracket (2), and the bottom end of the turntable (22) is fixedly connected to the top end of the screw rod (25).

8. A method for sampling soil samples for preventing and controlling soil salinity and alkali pollution according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Here are the steps: Step 1: Sampling preparation: organize a sampling team composed of professionals who have certain field investigation experience, are familiar with soil sampling technical procedures, and are responsible for their work. Before sampling, organize them to learn about the relevant business and technical work plan. The materials used for sample collection include: tools, utensils, stationery, protective equipment, and sampling vehicles; Step 2: Sampling points are located in the study area where the soil is in good natural condition, the ground is flat, various factors are relatively stable, and the representative area of ​​saline-alkali land is 1-2hm 2 For the plots of land, the sampling personnel use GPS to accurately locate the coordinate information of the sampling records, the longitude and latitude of the specific location; Step 3: Sampling method. The sampling method uses the plum blossom point method. After the planned sampling point is determined on site, a sampling area of ​​20mx20m is delineated with the determined point as the center. The double diagonal method is used for 5-point sampling. The sampling method of each sub-sampling point is the same as the single sample collection method. The sampling volume of the 5 points is basically the same. The above sampling device is installed at each sub-point for sampling. After mixing at each sub-point, 1kg of excess is taken and discarded by quartering. A total of 78 samples are collected this time. Each sample number consists of a category code and a sequence number. In addition to the above soil sample collection, the surface 0-20cm soil is taken from each sampling point. If there are more impurities such as sand, gravel, and grass roots in the soil or the water content is high, the sample sampling volume is appropriately increased. The collection volume is about 80kg, and it is also processed according to the soil sample preparation method for indoor soil improvement and plant pot experiments. Step 4: Clean the sampling tools. After completing each sampling point, clean the tools in time to avoid cross contamination. Step 5: Sample packaging: collect soil samples and put them into plastic bags. Paste a sample label on the outside of the plastic bags. Then put the plastic bags containing soil samples into cloth bags and tie another sample label on the seal of the cloth bags. The sampling personnel will fill in the sample labels on site, and the sampling team will conduct self-inspection of the samples and sampling records on site to avoid situations where the sample packaging containers are damaged or the sampling information is missing or wrong. Step 6: Sample transportation. The sampling team designates a person in charge of checking the samples one by one at the sample shipping site and signs on the soil sample shipping record form. Focus on checking the sample label, sample weight, sample quantity, sample packaging container, storage temperature, sample destination, sample delivery time limit, etc. The sample can only be shipped after the inspection is completed and no problems are found. The sample circulation and transportation ensures the safety and timely delivery of the samples. During sample transportation, use sample transport boxes and provide appropriate shock-absorbing and isolation to avoid sample damage, loss or contamination of sample labels; During the sampling process, the drill bit is aligned with the sampling position, and then the motor is started. The motor can drive the drill bit at the bottom to rotate, and the sampling tube is pushed downward to make the sampling tube enter the soil layer. After reaching the sampling depth, the drill bit can be pushed deeper downward through the push rod, and at the same time, the gear rack on the rotating rod will loosen the surrounding soil, thereby opening the sampling tube. After loosening, the push rod is continued to be pressed down so that the three scraping claws made of flexible hard material in the sampling tube are separated from the tube body and exposed. After being exposed (the detection of the exposure action can be obtained by detecting the detection state of the magnetic sensor near the second or third magnetic block), the three scraping claws will naturally extend outward due to the flexible material, and the motor is turned off. After the drill bit stops rotating, the push rod is pulled upward for a distance. The pulling action causes the three scraping claws to cut into the soil obliquely upward, and then the push rod is pressed downward for the same distance, so that the three scraping claws sample the block-shaped soil and then hinge and rotate again to close. At this time, the sampling tube limit is released again, and the sampling tube is pressed downward, so that the third magnetic block at the bottom end of the sampling tube body adsorbs the scraping claw and guides it into the sampling tube again. At this time, the push rod is continued to be pulled upward, so that the scraping claw is completely inserted into the sampling tube to complete the sampling, so that after the subsequent sampling tube body is taken out, the upper part of the tube body is debris soil, and the lower part of the sampling tube body is block soil, and finally the sampling tube is pulled out.

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