Rock true triaxial in-situ multi-field loading test device and system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rock tests, and provides a rock true triaxial in-situ multi-field loading test device and system.The rock true triaxial in-situ multi-field loading test device comprises a base, a fixing mechanism and a test device, the fixing mechanism is installed at the top of the base, and the test device is installed in the fixing mechanism; the test device comprises four opening and closing doors, two lifting rods, a plurality of temperature controllers and a plurality of moving air cylinders, the four opening and closing doors which are uniformly distributed in the circumference are rotatably mounted in the fixing mechanism through pin shafts, and through the arrangement of structures such as a sliding air cylinder and a rotating motor, through the cooperative work of the sliding air cylinder and the rotating motor, the temperature of the temperature controllers can be controlled; according to the technical scheme, accurate clamping and multi-field loading of rocks are achieved, the test process is efficient and smooth, the labor cost is saved, the test accuracy and repeatability are improved, a convenient and reliable test means is provided for researchers, and the problem that in the prior art, the test effect is poor is solved through the technical scheme.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rock testing, and in particular to a rock true triaxial in-situ multi-field loading test device and system. Background Art

[0002] At present, rock testing equipment is a device specially used to measure various basic properties of rocks. It can simulate different engineering conditions and environments in order to conduct in-depth research on the physical and mechanical properties of rocks.

[0003] Existing rock test devices play an important role in the study of rock mechanical properties. However, there are still many shortcomings in their practical application. First, traditional devices often rely on manual operation or a single mechanical structure for rock clamping and loading, which makes it difficult to achieve precise control, resulting in large errors during the test, and the repeatability and accuracy need to be improved. This not only increases labor costs, but also limits the efficient and smooth progress of the test, affecting the in-depth study of rock mechanical properties by scientific researchers. Secondly, existing devices also have obvious shortcomings in data processing and analysis. Many devices lack advanced preprocessing technologies, such as filtering and denoising, image enhancement, etc., resulting in insufficient accuracy and poor reliability of scanning data. At the same time, the data analysis function is relatively single, and it is difficult to provide comprehensive and in-depth support for rock mechanical properties research, such as stress-strain relationship analysis, failure mode recognition, etc., which limits the comprehensive understanding and accurate grasp of rock mechanical properties by scientific researchers. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a rock true triaxial in-situ multi-field loading test device and system, which solves the problem of poor test effect in related technologies.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a rock true triaxial in-situ multi-field loading test device and system, comprising a base, a fixing mechanism and a test device, wherein the fixing mechanism is installed on the top of the base, and the test device is installed inside the fixing mechanism; The test device includes four opening and closing doors, two lifting rods, several temperature controllers, and several moving cylinders. Four opening and closing doors evenly distributed in a circle are installed inside the fixing mechanism through pin rotation. Two lifting cylinders are respectively installed at both ends of the fixing mechanism. A lifting rod is installed at the output end of the lifting cylinder. One end of the lifting rod is fixedly connected to a connecting plate. Six spherically evenly distributed sliding cylinders are installed together with the two connecting plates and the fixing mechanism. A fixing plate is installed at the bottom of the sliding cylinder. A sliding shaft is installed at the output end of the sliding cylinder. Four symmetrically arranged side connecting rods are fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing plate. The sliding shaft and the bottom of the side connecting rod are commonly connected to a pressure plate. The bottom of the pressure plate is fixedly connected to a top block. A plurality of circumferentially evenly distributed temperature controllers are installed inside the fixing mechanism, a plurality of circumferentially evenly distributed moving cylinders are installed inside the fixing mechanism, a moving shaft is installed at the output end of the moving cylinder, and a scanner is installed at one end of the moving shaft.

[0006] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a rotating motor is installed inside the pressure plate, an active bevel gear is installed at the output end of the rotating motor, four circumferentially evenly distributed transmission screws are rotatably installed inside the pressure plate, a follower bevel gear is installed at one end of the transmission screw, the four follower bevel gears are all meshed with the active bevel gear, and eight circumferentially evenly distributed limit rods are fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressure plate, and a sliding plate is movably sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the transmission screw and the two limit rods.

[0007] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the bottom of the sliding plate is fixedly connected to a connecting frame, the interior of the connecting frame is slidably equipped with a clamping plate, the clamping plate and the connecting frame are commonly connected to a connecting spring, and dampers are installed at both ends of the connecting spring.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the fixing mechanism includes four side connecting rods, control cables and external cables. The four side connecting rods are symmetrically arranged on the top of the base. The control cables and the external cables are installed inside the base. The control cables and the external cables are electrically connected to the electrical equipment inside the device. The tops of the four side connecting rods are commonly connected to a top cover.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the four opening and closing doors are rotatably mounted inside the four side connecting rods through pin shafts, wherein the four sliding cylinders are mounted on one side of the four side connecting rods.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the present invention, one side of the two connecting plates is connected to a connecting pipe.

[0011] A system of a rock true triaxial in-situ multi-field loading test device: S1: Experimental preparation stage S11: Sample preparation: Prepare samples that meet the requirements from the collected rocks according to the test requirements. The shape, size and accuracy of the samples must meet the test standards. S12: Equipment inspection: Check all parts of the test device, including the opening and closing doors, cylinders, motors, sensors, scanners and temperature controllers, to ensure that they are in good working condition; S13: Sample placement: Open the door and place the prepared rock sample in the designated position to ensure that the sample is stable and easy to fix; S2: Sample fixation stage S21: Preliminary fixation: Start the corresponding sliding cylinder to drive the pressure plate to preliminarily fix the two ends of the rock, and use the side connecting rod to assist in sliding to ensure the stability and accuracy of the top connection process; S22: Clamping and fixing: Start the rotating motor, drive the transmission screw to rotate through the bevel gear transmission mechanism, and then drive the sliding plate and the connecting frame to move; the clamping plate in the connecting frame is fixedly connected to the four sides of the rock, and hard contact is prevented by connecting springs and dampers; S3: Scanning and data collection phase S31: Position adjustment: According to the test requirements, the position of the scanner is adjusted by moving the cylinder so that it can accurately scan the designated area of ​​the rock sample; S32: Apply pressure: Start the sliding cylinder to press the rock to simulate the real geological stress state, and at the same time, adjust the temperature of the equipment through the temperature controller; S33: Scanning and recording: During the process of applying pressure, the scanner is started to scan the rock sample; the scanning data will be collected and recorded in real time for subsequent data processing and analysis; S4: Position conversion and multi-field loading phase S41: Position conversion: If it is necessary to measure other compression positions of the rock sample, first start the sliding cylinder at the new position for preliminary fixation, then reverse the rotation motor at the original clamping position to separate the clamping plates, and retract the sliding cylinder at the original position; S42: Multi-field loading: According to the test requirements, the cylinder pressure, motor speed and other parameters can be adjusted to apply different stress field and temperature field combinations to the rock sample; the scanning and data acquisition phases are repeated under each loading condition; S5: End of the trial and subsequent processing stage S51: Stop operation: After completing all measurements, stop the operation of all cylinders, motors and scanners; S52: Sample removal: open the door and remove the rock sample that has been measured; S53: Equipment cleaning and maintenance: Start the lifting cylinder to separate the connecting plate from the test device, and then clean and maintain the equipment to ensure its long-term stable operation; S54: Data processing and analysis: Process and analyze the collected scanning data to obtain information on the mechanical properties and deformation laws of rocks.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the data processing and analysis in step S54 includes the following specific steps: S541: Using data preprocessing algorithm S5411: Filtering and denoising: Use filtering algorithms such as Gaussian filtering and median filtering to denoise the scanned data to eliminate the noise and interference generated during the scanning process; S542: Image Enhancement: Use histogram equalization, contrast stretching and other methods to enhance the scanned image to improve the clarity and contrast of the image, which is convenient for subsequent feature extraction and recognition; S5421: Edge Detection: Sobel operator, Canny edge detection and other algorithms are used to detect rock edges in scanned images, providing a basis for subsequent geometric shape analysis and deformation measurement; S5422: Geometry Analysis: Perform geometric shape analysis on the detected rock edge and calculate the rock's perimeter, area, and aspect ratio characteristic parameters to assess rock deformation; S5423: Crack Identification and Quantification: Morphological operations, region growing and other algorithms are used to identify cracks in scanned images and quantify characteristic parameters such as crack length, width, and direction to study the fracture evolution law of rocks; S543: Data Analysis and Processing Algorithms S5431: Stress-strain relationship analysis: According to the rock deformation information in the scanning data and the stress data recorded by the loading system, the stress-strain relationship of the rock is analyzed. The stress-strain curve can be established by linear regression, polynomial fitting and other methods to evaluate the elastic and plastic deformation characteristics of the rock. S5432: Damage mode identification: Combining the crack distribution in the scanned image with the stress-strain relationship of the rock, the failure mode of the rock can be identified, which helps to understand the mechanical behavior and deformation law of the rock under different stress conditions; S5433: Numerical simulation and verification: Numerical simulation methods such as finite element analysis (FEA) and discrete element analysis (DEM) are used to simulate and predict the mechanical properties and deformation laws of rocks. The simulation results are compared and verified with the scanning data to optimize the numerical simulation parameters and improve the accuracy of the prediction.

[0013] The working principle and beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention realizes precise clamping and multi-field loading of rocks through the arrangement of structures such as sliding cylinders and rotating motors, and the coordinated work of sliding cylinders and rotating motors. The test process is efficient and smooth, which not only saves labor costs, but also improves the accuracy and repeatability of the test, providing scientific researchers with a convenient and reliable test method.

[0014] 2. The present invention ensures the accuracy and reliability of the scanned data through pre-processing technologies such as filtering denoising and image enhancement. At the same time, the equipment supports comprehensive data analysis and processing, including stress-strain relationship analysis, failure pattern recognition, etc., providing scientific researchers with in-depth and comprehensive support for rock mechanical properties research.

[0015] 3. The present invention supports multi-field loading tests and can apply different stress field and temperature field combinations to rock samples by adjusting parameters such as cylinder pressure and motor speed. This flexibility meets diverse research needs and makes the test conditions closer to the actual geological environment. At the same time, the equipment has a compact structure and convenient maintenance. The connecting plate and the test device can be easily separated by lifting the cylinder, which facilitates the cleaning and maintenance of the equipment and ensures the long-term stable operation of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the test device of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the test device of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding cylinder transmission structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission structure of the connecting frame of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the connection frame of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the transmission structure of the scanner of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1. fixing mechanism; 10. base; 11. side connecting rod; 12. top cover; 13. control cable; 14. external cable; 2. test device; 21. opening and closing door; 22. lifting cylinder; 221. lifting rod; 222. connecting plate; 23. temperature controller; 231. connecting pipe; 24. moving cylinder; 241. moving shaft; 242. scanner; 25. sliding cylinder; 251. fixing plate; 252. sliding shaft; 253. side connecting rod; 254. pressure plate; 255. top block; 26. rotating motor; 261. active bevel gear; 27. follower bevel gear; 271. transmission screw; 272. limit rod; 273. sliding plate; 274. connecting frame; 275. connecting spring; 276. damper; 277. clamping plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example: like Figure 1 to Figure 7 As shown, a rock true triaxial in-situ multi-field loading test device comprises a base 10, a fixing mechanism 1 and a test device 2, wherein the fixing mechanism 1 is installed on the top of the base 10, and the test device 2 is installed inside the fixing mechanism 1; The test device 2 includes four opening and closing doors 21, two lifting rods 221, a plurality of temperature controllers 23, and a plurality of moving cylinders 24. Four opening and closing doors 21 evenly distributed in a circle are installed inside the fixing mechanism 1 through a pin shaft rotation. Two lifting cylinders 22 are respectively installed at both ends of the fixing mechanism 1. A lifting rod 221 is installed at the output end of the lifting cylinder 22. A connecting plate 222 is fixedly connected to one end of the lifting rod 221. Six spherically evenly distributed sliding cylinders 25 are installed together with the two connecting plates 222 and the fixing mechanism 1. A fixing plate 251 is installed at the bottom of the sliding cylinder 25. A sliding shaft 252 is installed at the output end of the sliding cylinder 25. Four symmetrically arranged side connecting rods 253 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing plate 251. The bottom of the sliding shaft 252 and the side connecting rod 253 are commonly connected to a pressure plate 254. The bottom of the pressure plate 254 is fixedly connected to a top block 255. Several circumferentially evenly distributed temperature controllers 23 are installed inside the fixing mechanism 1 , and several circumferentially evenly distributed moving cylinders 24 are installed inside the fixing mechanism 1 . A moving shaft 241 is installed at the output end of the moving cylinder 24 , and a scanner 242 is installed at one end of the moving shaft 241 .

[0021] like Figure 1~Figure 5 As shown, a rotating motor 26 is installed inside the pressure plate 254, and an active bevel gear 261 is installed at the output end of the rotating motor 26. Four circumferentially evenly distributed transmission screws 271 are rotatably installed inside the pressure plate 254, and a follower bevel gear 27 is installed at one end of the transmission screw 271. The four follower bevel gears 27 are all meshed with the active bevel gear 261. Eight circumferentially evenly distributed limiting rods 272 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressure plate 254, and a sliding plate 273 is movably sleeved on the outer circumferential surfaces of the transmission screw 271 and the two limiting rods 272.

[0022] like Figure 1 to Figure 6As shown, the bottom of the sliding plate 273 is fixedly connected to a connecting frame 274, and the internal sliding assembly of the connecting frame 274 is provided with a clamping plate 277, and the clamping plate 277 and the connecting frame 274 are commonly connected to a connecting spring 275, and dampers 276 are installed at both ends of the connecting spring 275.

[0023] like Figure 1~Figure 2 As shown, the fixing mechanism 1 includes four side connecting rods 11, a control cable 13 and an external cable 14. The four side connecting rods 11 are symmetrically arranged on the top of the base 10. The control cables 13 and the external cables 14 are installed inside the base 10. The control cables 13 and the external cables 14 are electrically connected to the electrical equipment inside the device. The tops of the four side connecting rods 11 are commonly connected to a top cover 12.

[0024] like Figure 1~Figure 2 As shown, four opening and closing doors 21 are rotatably installed inside four side connecting rods 11 through pin shafts, wherein four sliding cylinders 25 are installed on one side of the four side connecting rods 253.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, one side of the two connecting plates 222 is connected to a connecting pipe 231 .

[0026] In this embodiment, when the device needs to be used, the opening and closing door 21 is pulled open, and then the position of the rock is placed as needed. After the placement is completed, the two sliding cylinders 25 at the corresponding positions are turned on, and the sliding cylinders 25 are started to drive the pressure plate 254 to slide. During the sliding process of the pressure plate 254, the side connecting rods 253 assist it in sliding, so that the pressure plate 254 is connected to the corresponding two ends of the rock. During the connection process, the top block 255 contacts the rock. After the initial fixation, the rotating motor 26 is turned on, and the rotating motor 26 is started to make the active umbrella The gear 261 rotates, and the active bevel gear 261 drives the four transmission screws 271 to rotate by meshing with the four follower bevel gears 27. The rotation of the transmission screw 271 causes the sliding plate 273 to slide. During the sliding process of the sliding plate 273, the limit rod 272 assists in moving its position. During the sliding process of the sliding plate 273, the connecting frame 274 is driven to move, and the connecting frame 274 moves toward the four sides of the rock. At this time, the clamping plate 277 in the connecting frame 274 is fixedly connected to the four sides of the rock. During the connection process, the clamping frame and The connection spring 275 and the damper 276 between the connection plates 222 can effectively prevent the hard contact between the connection plates 222 and the rock, and effectively protect the clamping of the clamping plate 277. Then, the movable cylinder 24 at the corresponding position is opened and the sliding cylinder 25 is reopened. The movable cylinder 24 drives the scanner 242 to move toward the rock position through the movable shaft 241. The opening of the sliding cylinder 25 allows the top block 255 to press the rock. At this time, the scanner scans the pressed rock, thereby scanning the rock when it is under pressure. When the pressure position needs to be changed, the two sliding cylinders 25 at the other positions that need to be tested are first started to make the top blocks 255 on both sides of the rock contact with the rock, and the rotating motor 26 at the original clamping position is reversed, and the clamping plate 277 is separated from the rock. Then the sliding cylinder 25 at the original detection position is retracted to separate the top plates at these two places from the rock. Then the sliding cylinder 25, rotating motor 26 and moving cylinder 24 at the position that needs to be measured are started to scan other rock pressure positions to achieve the triaxial pressure loading test of the rock. Furthermore, during the pressure detection process, the temperature controller 23 can be turned on. The temperature controller 23 can adjust the temperature of the equipment during use, so that its loading test can be more diverse. After the test is completed and the rock is taken away, the lifting cylinder 22 on the base 10 and the top cover 12 is turned on. The start of the lifting cylinder 22 causes the lifting rod 221 to move. The movement of the lifting rod 221 drives the connecting plate 222 to slide, thereby separating the connecting plate 222 from the test device 2 to facilitate the cleaning of the equipment.

[0027] A system of rock true triaxial in-situ multi-field loading test device S1: Experimental preparation stage S11: Sample preparation: Prepare samples that meet the requirements from the collected rocks according to the test requirements. The shape, size and accuracy of the samples must meet the test standards. S12: Equipment inspection: Check all components of the test device, including the opening and closing door 21, the cylinder, the motor, the sensor, the scanner 242 and the temperature controller 23, to ensure that they are in good working condition; S13: Sample placement: Open the opening and closing door 21 and place the prepared rock sample at a designated location to ensure that the sample is stable and easy to fix; S2: Sample fixation stage S21: Preliminary fixation: start the corresponding sliding cylinder 25 to drive the pressure plate 254 to preliminarily fix the two ends of the rock, and use the side connecting rod 253 to assist in sliding to ensure the stability and accuracy of the top connection process; S22: Clamping and fixing: Start the rotating motor 26, drive the transmission screw 271 to rotate through the bevel gear transmission mechanism, and then drive the sliding plate 273 and the connecting frame 274 to move; the clamping plate 277 in the connecting frame 274 is fixedly connected to the four sides of the rock, and the connecting spring 275 and the damper 276 are used to prevent hard contact; S3: Scanning and data collection phase S31: Position adjustment: According to the test requirements, the position of the scanner 242 is adjusted by moving the cylinder 24 so that it can accurately scan the designated area of ​​the rock sample; S32: Applying pressure: starting the sliding cylinder 25 to press the rock to simulate the real geological stress state, and at the same time, adjusting the temperature of the equipment through the temperature controller 23; S33: Scanning and recording: During the process of applying pressure, the scanner 242 is started to scan the rock sample; the scanning data will be collected and recorded in real time for subsequent data processing and analysis; S4: Position conversion and multi-field loading phase S41: Position conversion: If it is necessary to measure other compression positions of the rock sample, first start the sliding cylinder 25 at the new position for preliminary fixation, then reverse the rotating motor 26 at the original clamping position to separate the clamping plate 277, and retract the sliding cylinder 25 at the original position; S42: Multi-field loading: According to the test requirements, the cylinder pressure, motor speed and other parameters can be adjusted to apply different stress field and temperature field combinations to the rock sample; the scanning and data acquisition phases are repeated under each loading condition; S5: End of the trial and subsequent processing stage S51: Stop operation: After all measurements are completed, stop the operation of all cylinders, motors and scanner 242; S52: Sample removal: Open the opening and closing door 21 to remove the rock sample that has been measured; S53: Equipment cleaning and maintenance: Start the lifting cylinder 22 to separate the connecting plate 222 from the test device 2, and then clean and maintain the equipment to ensure its long-term stable operation; S54: Data processing and analysis: Process and analyze the collected scanning data to obtain information on the mechanical properties and deformation laws of rocks; A rock true triaxial in-situ multi-field loading test device and system, the data processing and analysis in step S54, the specific steps are as follows: S541: Using data preprocessing algorithm S5411: Filtering and denoising: Use filtering algorithms such as Gaussian filtering and median filtering to denoise the scanned data to eliminate the noise and interference generated during the scanning process; S542: Image Enhancement: Use histogram equalization, contrast stretching and other methods to enhance the scanned image to improve the clarity and contrast of the image, which is convenient for subsequent feature extraction and recognition; S5421: Edge Detection: Sobel operator, Canny edge detection and other algorithms are used to detect rock edges in scanned images, providing a basis for subsequent geometric shape analysis and deformation measurement; S5422: Geometry Analysis: Perform geometric shape analysis on the detected rock edge and calculate the rock's perimeter, area, and aspect ratio characteristic parameters to assess rock deformation; S5423: Crack Identification and Quantification: Morphological operations, region growing and other algorithms are used to identify cracks in scanned images and quantify characteristic parameters such as crack length, width, and direction to study the fracture evolution law of rocks; S543: Data Analysis and Processing Algorithms S5431: Stress-strain relationship analysis: According to the rock deformation information in the scanning data and the stress data recorded by the loading system, the stress-strain relationship of the rock is analyzed. The stress-strain curve can be established by linear regression, polynomial fitting and other methods to evaluate the elastic and plastic deformation characteristics of the rock. S5432: Damage mode identification: Combining the crack distribution in the scanned image with the stress-strain relationship of the rock, the failure mode of the rock can be identified, which helps to understand the mechanical behavior and deformation law of the rock under different stress conditions; S5433: Numerical simulation and verification: Numerical simulation methods such as finite element analysis (FEA) and discrete element analysis (DEM) are used to simulate and predict the mechanical properties and deformation laws of rocks. The simulation results are compared and verified with the scanning data to optimize the numerical simulation parameters and improve the accuracy of the prediction.

[0028] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A true triaxial in-situ multi-field loading test device for rock, characterized in that: It comprises a base (10), a fixing mechanism (1) and a test device (2), wherein the fixing mechanism (1) is installed on the top of the base (10), and the test device (2) is installed inside the fixing mechanism (1); The test device (2) comprises four opening and closing doors (21), two lifting rods (221), a plurality of temperature controllers (23), and a plurality of movable cylinders (24). Four opening and closing doors (21) evenly distributed in a circle are rotatably mounted inside the fixing mechanism (1) via a pin shaft. Two lifting cylinders (22) are respectively mounted at two ends of the fixing mechanism (1). A lifting rod (221) is mounted at the output end of the lifting cylinder (22). One end of the lifting rod (221) is fixedly connected to a connecting plate (222). The two connecting plates (22 2) Six spherically evenly distributed sliding cylinders (25) are installed together with the fixing mechanism (1) inside, a fixing plate (251) is installed at the bottom of the sliding cylinder (25), a sliding shaft (252) is installed at the output end of the sliding cylinder (25), the bottom of the fixing plate (251) is fixedly connected to four symmetrically arranged side connecting rods (253), the bottom of the sliding shaft (252) and the side connecting rod (253) are jointly connected to a pressure plate (254), and the bottom of the pressure plate (254) is fixedly connected to a top block (255); A plurality of circumferentially evenly distributed temperature controllers (23) are installed inside the fixing mechanism (1), a plurality of circumferentially evenly distributed movable cylinders (24) are installed inside the fixing mechanism (1), a movable shaft (241) is installed at the output end of the movable cylinder (24), and a scanner (242) is installed at one end of the movable shaft (241).

2. A rock true triaxial in-situ multi-field loading test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rotating motor (26) is installed inside the pressure plate (254), and an active bevel gear (261) is installed at the output end of the rotating motor (26). Four circumferentially evenly distributed transmission screws (271) are rotatably installed inside the pressure plate (254), and a follower bevel gear (27) is installed at one end of the transmission screw (271). The four follower bevel gears (27) are all meshed with the active bevel gear (261). Eight circumferentially evenly distributed limiting rods (272) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressure plate (254), and a sliding plate (273) is movably sleeved on the outer circumference of the transmission screw (271) and the two limiting rods (272).

3. A rock true triaxial in-situ multi-field loading test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the sliding plate (273) is fixedly connected to a connecting frame (274), the interior of the connecting frame (274) is slidably equipped with a clamping plate (277), the clamping plate (277) and the connecting frame (274) are jointly connected to a connecting spring (275), and dampers (276) are installed at both ends of the connecting spring (275).

4. A rock true triaxial in-situ multi-field loading test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism (1) comprises four side connecting rods (11), a control cable (13) and an external cable (14); the four side connecting rods (11) are symmetrically arranged on the top of the base (10); the control cable (13) and the external cable (14) are installed inside the base (10); the control cable (13) and the external cable (14) are electrically connected to electrical equipment inside the device; and the tops of the four side connecting rods (11) are commonly connected to a top cover (12).

5. A rock true triaxial in-situ multi-field loading test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The four opening and closing doors (21) are rotatably mounted inside the four side connecting rods (11) via pin shafts, wherein the four sliding cylinders (25) are mounted on one side of the four side connecting rods (253).

6. A rock true triaxial in-situ multi-field loading test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: One side of each of the two connecting plates (222) is connected to a connecting pipe (231).

7. The system of a rock true triaxial in-situ multi-field loading test device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: S1: Experimental preparation stage S11: Sample preparation: Prepare samples that meet the requirements from the collected rocks according to the test requirements. The shape, size and accuracy of the samples must meet the test standards. S12: Equipment inspection: Check all components of the test device, including the opening and closing door (21), cylinder, motor, sensor, scanner (242) and temperature controller (23), to ensure that they are in good working condition; S13: Sample placement: Open the opening and closing door (21) and place the prepared rock sample at a designated location to ensure that the sample is stable and easy to fix; S2: Sample fixation stage S21: Preliminary fixing: start the corresponding sliding cylinder (25) to drive the pressure plate (254) to preliminarily fix the two ends of the rock, and use the side connecting rod (253) to assist in sliding to ensure the stability and accuracy of the fixing process; S22: Clamping and fixing: starting the rotating motor (26), driving the transmission screw (271) to rotate through the bevel gear transmission mechanism, thereby driving the sliding plate (273) and the connecting frame (274) to move; the clamping plate (277) in the connecting frame (274) is fixedly connected to the four sides of the rock, and hard contact is prevented by connecting the spring (275) and the damper (276); S3: Scanning and data collection phase S31: Position adjustment: According to the test requirements, the position of the scanner (242) is adjusted by moving the cylinder (24) so ​​that the scanner (242) can accurately scan a designated area of ​​the rock sample; S32: Applying pressure: starting the sliding cylinder (25) to press the rock to simulate the real geological stress state, and at the same time, adjusting the temperature of the equipment through the temperature controller (23); S33: Scanning and recording: During the process of applying pressure, a scanner (242) is started to scan the rock sample; the scan data is collected and recorded in real time for subsequent data processing and analysis; S4: Position conversion and multi-field loading phase S41: Position conversion: If it is necessary to measure other compression positions of the rock sample, firstly start the sliding cylinder (25) at the new position for preliminary fixation, then reverse the rotation motor (26) at the original clamping position to separate the clamping plate (277), and retract the sliding cylinder (25) at the original position; S42: Multi-field loading: According to the test requirements, the cylinder pressure, motor speed and other parameters can be adjusted to apply different stress field and temperature field combinations to the rock sample; the scanning and data acquisition phases are repeated under each loading condition; S5: End of the trial and subsequent processing stage S51: Stop operation: After all measurements are completed, stop the operation of all cylinders, motors and scanners (242); S52: Sample removal: Open the opening and closing door (21) to remove the rock sample that has been measured; S53: Equipment cleaning and maintenance: Start the lifting cylinder (22) to separate the connecting plate (222) from the test device (2), and then clean and maintain the equipment to ensure its long-term stable operation; S54: Data processing and analysis: Process and analyze the collected scanning data to obtain information on the mechanical properties and deformation laws of rocks.

8. A rock true triaxial in-situ multi-field loading test device and system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The data processing and analysis in step S54 is specifically performed as follows: S541: Using data preprocessing algorithm S5411: Filtering and denoising: Use filtering algorithms such as Gaussian filtering and median filtering to denoise the scanned data to eliminate the noise and interference generated during the scanning process; S542: Image Enhancement: Use histogram equalization, contrast stretching and other methods to enhance the scanned image to improve the clarity and contrast of the image, which is convenient for subsequent feature extraction and recognition; S5421: Edge Detection: Sobel operator, Canny edge detection and other algorithms are used to detect rock edges in scanned images, providing a basis for subsequent geometric shape analysis and deformation measurement; S5422: Geometry Analysis: Perform geometric shape analysis on the detected rock edge and calculate the rock's perimeter, area, and aspect ratio characteristic parameters to assess rock deformation; S5423: Crack Identification and Quantification: Morphological operations, region growing and other algorithms are used to identify cracks in scanned images and quantify characteristic parameters such as crack length, width, and direction to study the fracture evolution law of rocks; S543: Data Analysis and Processing Algorithms S5431: Stress-strain relationship analysis: According to the rock deformation information in the scanning data and the stress data recorded by the loading system, the stress-strain relationship of the rock is analyzed. The stress-strain curve can be established by linear regression, polynomial fitting and other methods to evaluate the elastic and plastic deformation characteristics of the rock. S5432: Damage mode identification: Combining the crack distribution in the scanned image with the stress-strain relationship of the rock, the failure mode of the rock can be identified, which helps to understand the mechanical behavior and deformation law of the rock under different stress conditions; S5433: Numerical simulation and verification: Numerical simulation methods such as finite element analysis (FEA) and discrete element analysis (DEM) are used to simulate and predict the mechanical properties and deformation laws of rocks. The simulation results are compared and verified with the scanning data to optimize the numerical simulation parameters and improve the accuracy of the prediction.

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