Lysimeter, soil monitoring system and calculation method of soil evapotranspiration

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of soil monitoring, and provides a lysimeter, a soil monitoring system and a soil evapotranspiration calculation method.The lysimeter comprises a weighing barrel, a water permeable membrane and a monitoring assembly, the weighing barrel is provided with a first opening and a second opening, the first opening is formed in the upper end of the weighing barrel, and the second opening is formed in the lower end of the weighing barrel; the permeable membrane is laid at the second opening and is used for assisting moisture movement of the to-be-detected soil; the monitoring assembly is arranged on the weighing barrel and used for monitoring the weight of the to-be-measured soil, the soil water potential of the to-be-measured soil and the soil moisture of the to-be-measured soil. According to the lysimeter provided by the invention, an original closed bottom is replaced by a water permeable membrane material, so that the bottom of the weighing barrel is changed into an open design, the problem that soil to be detected is not communicated with natural soil below can be eliminated, and water can freely circulate between the soil to be detected and the natural soil; and the movement condition of field moisture can be simulated more truly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil monitoring, and in particular to a lysimeter, a soil monitoring system and a method for calculating soil evapotranspiration. Background Art

[0002] A weighing lysimeter is a device used to measure soil moisture evaporation and infiltration. It usually consists of a weighing sensor and a container containing a soil sample. During the weighing process, the soil sample is placed in the container, and the bottom of the container is designed to be closed to collect the leaked water. During the evaporation process, the device will continuously monitor the weight change of the container to determine the amount of water evaporated from the soil. At the same time, by recording the amount of water collected at the bottom of the container, the amount of water infiltration in the soil can be determined.

[0003] However, in the process of measuring leakage, the existing lysimeter has a closed bottom container, which causes the soil to be tested to be disconnected from the natural soil below, resulting in the inability of moisture at the bottom of the soil in the lysimeter to flow freely. Under real field conditions, moisture flows to the bottom of the soil due to gravity potential and matrix potential. Evaporation from the soil surface and water absorption by the roots of vegetation will transport moisture in the soil from the bottom to the top. The current lysimeter has a closed bottom structure, which hinders the continuity of this process, that is, the measurement results do not conform to the actual situation in the field. Summary of the invention

[0004] The first aspect of the present invention provides a lysimeter to solve the defect that the measurement results in the prior art do not conform to the actual field conditions. A permeable membrane material is used to replace the original closed bottom, and the bottom of the weighing bucket is changed to an open design, which can eliminate the problem of lack of connectivity between the soil to be tested and the natural soil below, so that water can flow freely between the soil to be tested and the natural soil, and can more realistically simulate the movement of water in the field.

[0005] A second aspect of the present invention provides a soil monitoring system.

[0006] A third aspect of the present invention provides a method for calculating soil evapotranspiration.

[0007] The lysimeter provided by the present invention comprises: A weighing bucket having a first opening and a second opening, wherein the first opening is arranged at the upper end of the weighing bucket, and the second opening is arranged at the lower end of the weighing bucket; A water-permeable membrane is laid at the second opening, and the water-permeable membrane is used to assist the movement of water in the soil to be tested; A monitoring component is arranged on the weighing bucket, and the monitoring component is used to monitor the weight of the soil to be tested, the soil water potential of the soil to be tested, and the soil moisture of the soil to be tested.

[0008] According to the lysimeter provided by the present invention, the monitoring component comprises: A quality monitoring component, provided in the weighing bucket, and used for monitoring the weight of the soil to be tested; A soil water potential monitoring component is provided on the water-permeable membrane, and is used to monitor the soil water potential of the soil to be tested; The soil moisture monitoring component is arranged on the water-permeable membrane, and the soil moisture monitoring component is used to monitor the soil moisture of the soil to be tested.

[0009] According to the lysimeter provided by the present invention, the quality monitoring component includes a lifting member, a weight sensor and a first support member, the first support member is sleeved on the weighing bucket and fixedly connected to the weighing bucket, the lifting member is arranged below the first support member, and the weight sensor is arranged between the lifting member and the first support member. In the weighing state, the lifting member is suitable for lifting the first support member so that the soil to be tested is suspended in the air.

[0010] According to the lysimeter provided by the present invention, the lifting member includes an annular base and a telescopic rod, the annular base is located below the weighing bucket and corresponds to the position of the first support member, the telescopic rod is connected to the annular base, and the weight sensor is arranged between the telescopic rod and the first support member. In the weighing state, the telescopic rod is suitable for lifting the first support member and the weighing bucket so that the soil to be tested is suspended in the air.

[0011] The lysimeter provided according to the present invention further comprises a shell, and the weighing bucket and the monitoring component are both arranged inside the shell.

[0012] The soil monitoring system provided by the present invention comprises a remote control device, a meteorological monitoring device, a data acquisition device and a lysimeter as described in any one of the above, wherein the meteorological monitoring device and the lysimeter are electrically connected to the data acquisition device respectively, and the data acquisition device is wirelessly connected to the remote control device; The meteorological monitoring device is used to monitor environmental rainfall, the data acquisition device is used to transmit the environmental rainfall, the weight of the soil to be tested, the soil water potential of the soil to be tested and the soil moisture of the soil to be tested to the remote control device, and the remote control device is used to calculate the evapotranspiration of the soil to be tested.

[0013] The soil monitoring system provided by the present invention further comprises a photovoltaic panel, wherein the photovoltaic panel is electrically connected to the meteorological monitoring device, the data acquisition device and the lysimeter respectively.

[0014] The method for calculating soil evapotranspiration provided by the present invention comprises: Obtain the soil moisture movement data to be tested; calculating a corrected leakage amount based on the water movement data; Based on the water movement data and the corrected leakage, the evapotranspiration of the soil to be tested is calculated using an evapotranspiration calculation formula; The evapotranspiration calculation formula is:

[0015] Among them, is the evapotranspiration, is the precipitation, is the corrected leakage amount, The change in soil moisture over a period of time.

[0016] According to the soil evapotranspiration calculation method provided by the present invention, the step of calculating the corrected leakage based on the water movement data comprises: The corrected leakage amount is calculated based on Darcy's law, wherein the Darcy's law is:

[0017] in, is the corrected leakage amount, is the corrected soil hydraulic conductivity, is the cross-sectional area of ​​the permeable surface, is the water pressure head value at the lower boundary of the soil under theoretical conditions, is the corrected soil water head value at the lower boundary of the soil, is the soil layer thickness.

[0018] According to the soil evapotranspiration calculation method provided by the present invention, the step of calculating the corrected leakage amount based on Darcy's law comprises: The soil water head value at the lower boundary of the soil is corrected based on the correction formula, wherein the correction formula is:

[0019] in, is the corrected soil water head value at the lower boundary of the soil, is the water pressure head value at the lower boundary of the soil under theoretical conditions, is the corrected soil hydraulic conductivity, is the theoretical soil hydraulic conductivity.

[0020] The bottom of the traditional weighing lysimeter is closed, which results in a lack of connectivity between the soil to be tested and the natural soil in the test field below, hindering the free flow of water. Under real field conditions, water will flow to the bottom of the soil with gravity potential and matrix potential, and may be transported from the bottom to the top through root water absorption and other effects. Due to the closed bottom, the water at the bottom of the soil in the lysimeter cannot flow naturally, resulting in a deviation between the measurement results and the actual field conditions. The lysimeter provided in the embodiment of the present invention uses a permeable membrane material to replace the original closed bottom, thereby changing the bottom of the weighing bucket to an open design. In this way, during the use of the lysimeter, the problem of lack of connectivity between the soil to be tested and the natural soil below can be eliminated, so that water can flow freely between the soil to be tested and the natural soil, and the field water movement can be more realistically simulated. This design makes the soil water movement process more in line with the actual situation and improves the authenticity of the measurement.

[0021] In addition, the traditional lysimeter cannot directly measure the leakage due to its closed bottom, and can usually only be estimated through the water collected by the bottom water collection device. However, this method ignores the complexity of the free flow of water at the bottom, resulting in inaccurate calculation of the leakage. In the embodiment of the present invention, the real water flow between the soil is restored through the permeable membrane. Furthermore, based on the weight of the soil to be tested, the soil water potential of the soil to be tested and the soil moisture of the soil to be tested obtained by the monitoring component, the leakage can be calculated with higher accuracy, that is, the accuracy of measuring the leakage can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a lysimeter provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the flow chart of the method for calculating evapotranspiration provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 An example physical structure diagram of an electronic device is provided.

[0026] Reference numerals: 10: lysimeter; 20: meteorological monitoring device; 30: data acquisition device; 40: photovoltaic panel; 100: weighing bucket; 200: permeable membrane; 300: monitoring component; 310: quality monitoring component; 311: lifting member; 3111: annular base; 3112: telescopic rod; 312: weight sensor; 313: first support member; 314: second support member; 320: soil water potential monitoring component; 330: soil moisture monitoring component; 400: casing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0029] In the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0030] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a lysimeter provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Referring to the drawings, a first aspect of the present invention provides a lysimeter 10, which includes a weighing bucket 100, a permeable membrane 200 and a monitoring assembly 300. The weighing bucket 100 has a first opening and a second opening. The first opening is provided at the upper end of the weighing bucket 100, and the second opening is provided at the lower end of the weighing bucket 100, that is, the weighing bucket 100 is a barrel-shaped structure with upper and lower ends connected. The material of the weighing bucket 100 can be adaptively selected according to actual conditions, such as stainless steel or hard plastic. During the experiment, the weighing bucket 100 is used to carry the soil to be tested.

[0033] The water-permeable membrane 200 is laid on the outside of the second opening. The water-permeable membrane 200 is used to form the bottom of the weighing bucket 100 to assist the water movement of the soil to be tested. Under the condition of not hindering the water movement between the soil to be tested and the soil in the test field, the material of the water-permeable membrane 200 can be adaptively selected according to the actual situation. For example, the water-permeable membrane 200 can be a nylon mesh water-permeable membrane; the monitoring component 300 is arranged on the weighing bucket 100, and the monitoring component 300 is used to monitor the weight of the soil to be tested, the soil water potential of the soil to be tested and the soil moisture of the soil to be tested.

[0034] See also Figure 1It is understandable that the bottom of the conventional weighing lysimeter 10 is closed, which results in a lack of connectivity between the soil to be tested and the natural soil in the test field below, hindering the free flow of water. Under real field conditions, water will flow to the bottom of the soil with gravity potential and matrix potential, and may be transported from the bottom to the top through root absorption and other effects. Due to the closed bottom, the water at the bottom of the soil in the lysimeter 10 cannot flow naturally, resulting in a deviation between the measurement result and the actual field conditions. The lysimeter 10 provided in the embodiment of the present invention uses a permeable membrane 200 material to replace the original closed bottom, thereby changing the bottom of the weighing bucket 100 to an open design. In this way, during the use of the lysimeter 10, the problem of lack of connectivity between the soil to be tested and the natural soil below can be eliminated, so that water can flow freely between the soil to be tested and the natural soil, and the field water movement can be more realistically simulated. This design makes the soil water movement process more in line with the actual situation and improves the authenticity of the measurement.

[0035] In addition, the conventional lysimeter 10 cannot directly measure the leakage due to its closed bottom, and can usually only be estimated through the water collected by the bottom water collection device. However, this method ignores the complexity of the free flow of water at the bottom, resulting in inaccurate calculation of the leakage. In the embodiment of the present invention, the real water flow between the soil is restored by the permeable membrane 200. Furthermore, based on the weight of the soil to be tested, the soil water potential of the soil to be tested and the soil moisture of the soil to be tested obtained by the monitoring component 300, the leakage can be calculated with higher accuracy, that is, the accuracy of measuring the leakage can be improved.

[0036] Continue reading Figure 1 In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring component 300 includes a quality monitoring component 310, a soil water potential monitoring component 320 and a soil moisture monitoring component 330. The quality monitoring component 310 is arranged on the outside of the weighing bucket 100 and is fixedly connected to the weighing bucket 100. The quality monitoring component 310 is used to monitor the weight of the soil to be tested; the soil water potential monitoring component 320 is arranged on the permeable membrane 200, and the soil water potential monitoring component 320 is used to monitor the water potential of the soil to be tested. The soil water potential monitoring component 320 can use existing products such as soil water potential sensors; the soil moisture monitoring component 330 is also arranged on the permeable membrane 200, and the soil moisture monitoring component 330 is used to monitor the moisture of the soil to be tested. The soil moisture monitoring component 330 can use existing products such as soil moisture sensors.

[0037] See also Figure 1 It can be understood that in the lysimeter 10 provided in the embodiment of the present invention, based on the aforementioned permeable membrane 200, by setting the quality monitoring component 310, the soil water potential monitoring component 320 and the soil moisture monitoring component 330, the weight of the soil to be tested, the water potential of the soil to be tested and the moisture of the soil to be tested can be accurately obtained, which can improve the authenticity and accuracy of the measurement.

[0038] Continue reading Figure 1 In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the quality monitoring component 310 includes a lifting member 311, a weight sensor 312 and a first support member 313. The first support member 313 is an annular structure. The first support member 313 is sleeved on the weighing bucket 100 and is fixedly connected to the weighing bucket 100. The lifting member 311 is arranged below the first support member 313, and the weight sensor 312 is arranged between the lifting member 311 and the first support member 313. It can be understood that after the bottom of the weighing bucket 100 is opened, water can flow freely, leading to As a result, it is impossible to weigh directly at the bottom of the weighing bucket 100. In the quality monitoring component 310 provided in the embodiment of the present invention, in the weighing state, the lifting member 311 will lift the first support member 313 from the side of the weighing bucket 100, and the weighing bucket 100 and the soil to be tested in the weighing bucket 100 will be suspended in the air, and the soil to be tested will be separated from the natural soil. The weight of the weighing bucket 100 and the soil to be tested will all be transferred to the weight sensor 312, and the weight of the soil to be tested can be obtained by monitoring the weight sensor 312 and peeling calculation.

[0039] Continue reading Figure 1 In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the lifting member 311 includes an annular base 3111 and a telescopic rod 3112. The annular base 3111 is located below the weighing bucket 100. There are multiple telescopic rods 3112. The figure shows an example of three telescopic rods 3112. The three telescopic rods 3112 are evenly spaced on the annular base 3111. The other end of the telescopic rod 3112 is connected to the first support member 313. The weight sensor 312 is arranged between the telescopic rod 3112 and the first support member 313. In the weighing state, the telescopic rod 3112 is suitable for lifting the first support member 313 so that the soil to be tested is suspended. It can be understood that the annular base 3111 is an annular structure. In this way, on the one hand, the annular base 3111 can support the telescopic rod 3112 and the first support member 313. On the other hand, the annular base 3111 will not interfere with the up and down movement of the weighing bucket 100, which can ensure the movement of water between the soil to be tested and the natural soil.

[0040] Continue reading Figure 1In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the quality monitoring component 310 also includes a second support member 314, and the shape of the second support member 314 corresponds to the shape of the first support member 313. Specifically, the second support member 314 has the same shape as the first support member 313, both of which are annular structures. The second support member 314 is also sleeved on the weighing bucket 100, and the second support member 314 is also located between the telescopic rod 3112 and the weight sensor 312. In other words, the quality monitoring component 310 is, from top to bottom, the first support member 313, the weight sensor 312, the second support member 314, the telescopic rod 3112 and the annular base 3111, wherein the first support member 313 and the second support member 314 are both sleeved on the outside of the weighing bucket 100.

[0041] See also Figure 1 It can be understood that by setting the second support member 314, when setting the weight sensor 312, it is not necessary to consider the position of the telescopic rod 3112, that is, the weight sensor 312 does not need to be set directly above the telescopic rod 3112, which can improve the convenience of setting the weight sensor 312.

[0042] Continue reading Figure 1 In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the lysimeter 10 also includes a shell 400, which is a barreled stainless steel structure. The bottom and top of the shell 400 are both open structures. The aforementioned weighing bucket 100 and the monitoring device are both arranged inside the shell 400. The shell 400 is used to protect the weighing bucket 100 and the monitoring component 300. It can be understood that the space between the shell 400 and the weighing bucket 100 can just provide a lifting space for the quality monitoring component 310, which can avoid the aforementioned telescopic rod 3112 from interfering with the natural soil during movement.

[0043] Continue reading Figure 1 According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a soil monitoring system is provided. The soil monitoring system comprises a remote control device, a meteorological monitoring device 20, a data acquisition device 30 and the lysimeter 10 described in any one of the aforementioned embodiments. The meteorological monitoring device 20 and the lysimeter 10 are electrically connected to the data acquisition device 30 respectively. The data acquisition device 30 is wirelessly connected to the remote control device, such as a Bluetooth connection or a WiFi connection. The meteorological monitoring device 20 is used to monitor data such as environmental rainfall, environmental temperature, environmental wind speed and environmental humidity. The data acquisition device 30 is used to transmit environmental rainfall, environmental temperature, environmental wind speed, environmental humidity, the weight of the soil to be tested, the soil water potential of the soil to be tested and the soil moisture of the soil to be tested to the remote control device. The remote control device is used to calculate the evapotranspiration of the soil to be tested.

[0044] It can be understood that the soil monitoring system provided in the embodiment of the present invention, through the meteorological monitoring device 20, the remote control device, the data acquisition device 30 and the lysimeter 10, constitutes an evapotranspiration measurement and calculation system. In this way, the manual participation in the soil evapotranspiration measurement process can be reduced. On the one hand, the efficiency and accuracy of the evapotranspiration measurement are improved. On the other hand, manpower can be reduced, costs can be saved, and the automation of the soil evapotranspiration measurement scheme can be improved.

[0045] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the remote control device includes a signal receiving module, a data processing module and a display module. The signal receiving module is wirelessly connected to the data acquisition device 30, and the data processing module is electrically connected to the signal receiving module and the display module respectively. The data processing module has a built-in preset evapotranspiration calculation method. The data processing module is used to calculate the evapotranspiration of the soil to be tested based on the environmental rainfall, the weight of the soil to be tested, the soil water potential of the soil to be tested and the soil moisture of the soil to be tested. The display module is used to display the evapotranspiration of the soil to be tested and the aforementioned environmental rainfall, ambient temperature, ambient wind speed, ambient humidity, the weight of the soil to be tested, the soil water potential of the soil to be tested and the soil moisture of the soil to be tested.

[0046] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the soil monitoring system also includes a photovoltaic panel 40, which is electrically connected to the meteorological monitoring device 20, the data acquisition device 30 and the lysimeter 10 respectively. The photovoltaic panel 40 is used to power the meteorological monitoring device 20, the data acquisition device 30 and the lysimeter 10 through the principle of photovoltaic power generation. It can be understood that such a setting can reduce energy loss and facilitate the setting of the soil monitoring system in remote areas.

[0047] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the flow chart of the method for calculating evapotranspiration provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] See also Figure 2 The third aspect of the present invention provides a method for calculating soil evapotranspiration. The method for calculating soil evapotranspiration can be pre-set in the aforementioned data processing module. Specifically, the method for calculating soil evapotranspiration includes the following steps: S100: Acquire soil moisture movement data to be tested; Specifically, the soil moisture movement data to be measured include environmental rainfall, weight of the soil to be measured, soil water potential of the soil to be measured, and soil moisture of the soil to be measured to calculate the evaporation of the soil to be measured, etc., which can be obtained through the aforementioned soil monitoring system.

[0049] S200: Calculating a corrected leakage amount based on the water movement data; It should be noted that, since the water collection device in the prior art is omitted in the embodiment of the present invention, and the soil to be tested and the natural soil in the test field are in contact with each other, the corrected leakage amount (actual leakage amount) Since direct measurement is not possible, the corrected leakage is calculated, which is the actual leakage.

[0050] S300: Calculating the evapotranspiration of the soil to be tested by using an evapotranspiration calculation formula based on the water movement data and the corrected leakage amount; The evapotranspiration calculation formula is:

[0051] Among them, is the evapotranspiration, is the precipitation or irrigation amount, which can be obtained through the monitoring of the aforementioned meteorological station. is the corrected leakage amount, It is the change in soil moisture within a period of time, which can be specifically monitored by the aforementioned quality monitoring component 310.

[0052] See also Figure 2 It should be noted that, compared with the closed bottom edge lysimeter 10 in the prior art, some water moves from the natural soil in the field to be tested to the soil to be tested, which will affect the weight of the soil to be tested. These changes will be reflected in By correcting the leakage, the influence of this part of water can be removed, avoiding secondary calculation, thereby realizing the calculation of the actual evapotranspiration of the improved lysimeter 10.

[0053] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the step of calculating the corrected leakage amount based on the water movement data includes: The corrected leakage amount is calculated based on Darcy's law, wherein the Darcy's law is:

[0054] in, is the corrected leakage amount, is the corrected soil hydraulic conductivity, is the cross-sectional area of ​​the permeable surface, is the water pressure head value at the lower boundary of the soil under theoretical conditions, is the corrected soil water head value at the lower boundary of the soil, is the soil layer thickness.

[0055] It should be noted that the cross-sectional area of ​​the permeable surface is The soil layer thickness can be obtained by measuring the diameter of the soil to be tested and calculating It can be obtained by directly measuring the height of the soil to be tested. Specifically, it can be calculated according to the existing technology.

[0056] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the step of calculating the corrected leakage amount based on Darcy's law includes: The soil water head value at the lower boundary of the soil is corrected based on the correction formula, where the correction formula is:

[0057] in, is the corrected soil water head value at the lower boundary of the soil, is the water pressure head value at the lower boundary of the soil under theoretical conditions. In other words, is the water pressure head value at the lower boundary of the soil simulated by the model, that is, the water pressure head value at the lower boundary of the soil when the weighing bucket 100 is closed. is the corrected soil hydraulic conductivity, is the soil hydraulic conductivity under theoretical conditions, that is, the saturated hydraulic conductivity of the lower boundary of the soil simulated by the model.

[0058] It should be noted that the corrected soil hydraulic conductivity can be obtained based on the soil transfer function by using the data monitored by the soil moisture monitoring component 330 and the soil three-phase and soil bulk density values ​​measured through indoor tests. Specifically, the calculation can be performed by referring to the prior art, and the embodiments of the present invention will not be described in detail here; the soil hydraulic conductivity under theoretical conditions is , which can be obtained through indoor experiments combined with soil transfer function. Its implementation process can be realized by referring to the Rosetta module. This module is a neural network estimation model. The soil three-phase composition, soil bulk density and field water holding capacity measured by indoor experiments are input into the module to estimate the soil hydraulic conductivity under theoretical conditions. Make an estimate.

[0059] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the step of correcting the soil water head value at the lower boundary of the soil based on the correction formula includes: Get the water pressure head value at the lower boundary of the model simulated soil , specifically, it can be calculated by the following formula:

[0060] in, is the soil moisture content, is the saturated water content of the soil, is the residual moisture content of the soil, is the saturated hydraulic conductivity of soil, is the effective saturated soil water content, , and are the empirical parameters, Take 0.5, is the soil depth, is the soil water pressure head, is the hydraulic conductivity function related to the soil water pressure head, is the initial soil water pressure head, For time.

[0061] It should be noted that in the above formula, , as well as It can be obtained through indoor experiments combined with soil transfer function. Its implementation process can be realized by referring to the Rosetta module. This module is a neural network estimation model. The soil three-phase composition, soil bulk density and field water holding capacity measured by indoor experiments are input into the module to estimate the soil moisture content. , as well as Make an estimate.

[0062] Substituting the above estimation results into the above formula, the soil moisture content of a certain location at any time can be obtained by combining the crank-nicolson algorithm. Soil water head The value of water pressure head at the lower boundary of the soil under theoretical conditions can be obtained. .

[0063] Figure 3 An example physical structure diagram of an electronic device is provided.

[0064] like Figure 3 As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 810, a communication interface 820, a memory 830 and a communication bus 840, wherein the processor 810, the communication interface 820 and the memory 830 communicate with each other through the communication bus 840. The processor 810 may call the logic instructions in the memory 830 to execute the soil evapotranspiration calculation method, which includes:

[0065] In addition, the logic instructions in the above-mentioned memory 830 can be implemented in the form of a software functional unit and can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium when it is sold or used as an independent product. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions to enable a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

[0066] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, the computer program product includes a computer program, the computer program can be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can execute the soil evapotranspiration calculation method provided by the above methods, the method includes: S100: Acquire soil moisture movement data to be tested; S200: Calculating a corrected leakage amount based on the water movement data; S300: Calculating the evapotranspiration of the soil to be tested by using an evapotranspiration calculation formula based on the water movement data and the corrected leakage.

[0067] In another aspect, the present invention further provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which is implemented when the computer program is executed by a processor to perform the soil evapotranspiration calculation method provided by the above methods, the method comprising: S100: Acquire soil moisture movement data to be tested; S200: Calculating a corrected leakage amount based on the water movement data; S300: Calculating the evapotranspiration of the soil to be tested by using an evapotranspiration calculation formula based on the water movement data and the corrected leakage.

[0068] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of this embodiment. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand and implement it without paying creative labor.

[0069] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each implementation method can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course, can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solution is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, a disk, an optical disk, etc., including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment or some parts of the embodiments.

[0070] It should be noted that the technical solutions in various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but the basis for the mutual combination is that it can be implemented by ordinary technicians in the field; when the combination of technical solutions is mutually contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist, that is, it does not belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0071] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lysimeter, characterized in that include: A weighing bucket (100) having a first opening and a second opening, wherein the first opening is arranged at the upper end of the weighing bucket (100) and the second opening is arranged at the lower end of the weighing bucket (100); A water-permeable membrane (200) is laid at the second opening, and the water-permeable membrane (200) is used to assist the movement of water in the soil to be tested; A monitoring component (300) is arranged on the weighing bucket (100), and the monitoring component (300) is used to monitor the weight of the soil to be tested, the soil water potential of the soil to be tested, and the soil moisture of the soil to be tested.

2. The lysimeter according to claim 1, characterized in that The monitoring component (300) comprises: A quality monitoring component (310) is provided on the weighing bucket (100), and the quality monitoring component (310) is used to monitor the weight of the soil to be tested; A soil water potential monitoring component (320) is provided on the water-permeable membrane (200), and the soil water potential monitoring component (320) is used to monitor the soil water potential of the soil to be tested; A soil moisture monitoring component (330) is provided on the water-permeable membrane (200), and the soil moisture monitoring component (330) is used to monitor the soil moisture of the soil to be tested.

3. The lysimeter according to claim 2, characterized in that The quality monitoring component (310) comprises a lifting member (311), a weight sensor (312) and a first support member (313); the first support member (313) is sleeved on the weighing bucket (100) and fixedly connected to the weighing bucket (100); the lifting member (311) is arranged below the first support member (313); the weight sensor (312) is arranged between the lifting member (311) and the first support member (313); in a weighing state, the lifting member (311) is suitable for lifting the first support member (313) so that the soil to be tested is suspended in the air.

4. The lysimeter according to claim 3, characterized in that The lifting member (311) comprises an annular base (3111) and a telescopic rod (3112); the annular base (3111) is located below the weighing bucket (100) and corresponds to the position of the first support member (313); the telescopic rod (3112) is connected to the annular base (3111); the weight sensor (312) is arranged between the telescopic rod (3112) and the first support member (313); in a weighing state, the telescopic rod (3112) is suitable for lifting the first support member (313) and the weighing bucket (100) so that the soil to be tested is suspended in the air.

5. The lysimeter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that It also includes a shell (400), and the weighing bucket (100) and the monitoring component (300) are both arranged inside the shell (400).

6. A soil monitoring system, characterized in that: It comprises a remote control device, a meteorological monitoring device (20), a data acquisition device (30) and a lysimeter (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the meteorological monitoring device (20) and the lysimeter (10) are electrically connected to the data acquisition device (30) respectively, and the data acquisition device (30) is wirelessly connected to the remote control device; The meteorological monitoring device (20) is used to monitor environmental rainfall, the data acquisition device (30) is used to transmit the environmental rainfall, the weight of the soil to be tested, the soil water potential of the soil to be tested, and the soil moisture of the soil to be tested to the remote control device, and the remote control device is used to calculate the evapotranspiration of the soil to be tested.

7. The soil monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also comprises a photovoltaic panel (40), wherein the photovoltaic panel (40) is electrically connected to the meteorological monitoring device (20), the data acquisition device (30) and the lysimeter (10), respectively.

8. A method for calculating soil evapotranspiration, characterized in that: include: Obtain the soil moisture movement data to be tested; calculating a corrected leakage amount based on the water movement data; Based on the water movement data and the corrected leakage, the evapotranspiration of the soil to be tested is calculated using an evapotranspiration calculation formula; The evapotranspiration calculation formula is: Among them, is the evapotranspiration, is the precipitation, is the corrected leakage amount, The change in soil moisture over a period of time.

9. The method for calculating soil evapotranspiration according to claim 8, characterized in that: The step of calculating the corrected leakage amount based on the water movement data comprises: The corrected leakage amount is calculated based on Darcy's law, wherein the Darcy's law is: in, is the corrected leakage amount, is the corrected soil hydraulic conductivity, is the cross-sectional area of ​​the permeable surface, is the water pressure head value at the lower boundary of the soil under theoretical conditions, is the corrected soil water head value at the lower boundary of the soil, is the soil layer thickness.

10. The method for calculating soil evapotranspiration according to claim 9, characterized in that: The step of calculating the corrected leakage amount based on Darcy's law comprises: The soil water head value at the lower boundary of the soil is corrected based on the correction formula, wherein the correction formula is: in, is the corrected soil water head value at the lower boundary of the soil, is the water pressure head value at the lower boundary of the soil under theoretical conditions, is the corrected soil hydraulic conductivity, is the theoretical soil hydraulic conductivity.

Images