Energy storage type fuel cell cogeneration system and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy storage type fuel cell heat and power cogeneration system and a using method thereof. The system comprises a solar heat collection power generation system, a ground source heat pump system and an energy storage power supply system. The solar heat collection power generation system comprises a solar panel, a phase change heat storage box and a heat exchanger and is connected with the energy storage power supply system, the first heat exchange side of the phase change heat storage box is connected with the solar panel, and the second heat exchange side of the phase change heat storage box is connected with the first heat exchange side of the heat exchanger. The second heat exchange side of the heat exchanger is connected with the user terminal and the ground source heat pump system. The ground source heat pump system comprises a ground source heat pump and an underground heat exchanger, a first heat exchange side of the ground source heat pump is connected with the user terminal, and a second heat exchange side of the ground source heat pump is connected with the underground heat exchanger; the power supply and energy storage system comprises an off-peak electricity system, a hydrogen production and storage unit and a fuel battery pack. The hydrogen production and storage unit is connected with the off-peak electricity system, the fuel battery pack and the solar panel. The energy storage capacity of the combined supply system is improved, and therefore the efficiency and reliability of the system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to an energy storage type fuel cell cogeneration system and a method of using the same. Background Art

[0002] Among many renewable energy sources, geothermal energy has become an important support for ground source heat pump technology due to its large reserves and stable characteristics. However, traditional ground source heat pump systems are prone to cause soil temperature imbalance during long-term operation, affecting the long-term operation efficiency and stability of the system. On the other hand, solar energy, as an almost unlimited radiation energy resource, can be converted into heat and electricity through solar panels, which has the significant advantages of being clean, environmentally friendly and renewable. However, solar panels have disadvantages such as low energy flow density and periodic instability, which limits their reliability and economy as a single energy supply system.

[0003] In order to overcome the limitations of a single energy system, multi-energy complementary technology has emerged, aiming to achieve complementary advantages through the combined use of multiple energy sources; however, although the existing multi-energy joint system has achieved complementary utilization of energy to a certain extent, it still has many shortcomings. For example, valley electricity is cheap but lacks energy storage capacity. Directly converting it into thermal energy and storing it underground has the problems of low efficiency and difficulty in good storage; the intermittent nature of solar energy leads to unstable energy supply; traditional ground source heat pump systems are prone to cause soil temperature imbalance, etc. The above problems need to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present application is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art and to provide an energy storage fuel cell cogeneration system and a method of using the same, which can improve the energy storage capacity of the cogeneration system, thereby improving the efficiency and reliability of the system.

[0005] In order to achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides an energy storage fuel cell cogeneration system, comprising: a solar thermal power generation system, a ground source heat pump system and an energy storage power supply system;

[0007] The solar thermal power generation system comprises a heat exchanger, a phase change heat storage tank and a solar panel; wherein the solar thermal power generation system generates electricity through the solar panel and is connected to the energy storage power supply system through a solar hydrogen production path; the first heat exchange side of the phase change heat storage tank is connected to the solar panel, the second heat exchange side of the phase change heat storage tank is connected to the first heat exchange side of the heat exchanger, and the second heat exchange side of the heat exchanger is respectively connected to a user terminal and the ground source heat pump system;

[0008] The ground source heat pump system comprises a ground source heat pump and an underground heat exchanger; wherein the first heat exchange side of the ground source heat pump is connected to the user terminal, and the second heat exchange side of the ground source heat pump is connected to the underground heat exchanger;

[0009] The energy storage and power supply system includes a hydrogen production and storage unit, a valley power system and a fuel cell group; wherein the hydrogen production and storage unit is connected to the solar panel in the energy storage and power supply system through a solar hydrogen production path; the valley power system is connected to the hydrogen production and storage unit through a valley power hydrogen production path; and the fuel cell group is connected to the hydrogen production and storage unit through a fuel delivery path.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the underground heat exchanger is also connected to the second heat exchange side of the heat exchanger.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, the hydrogen production and storage unit is used for electric hydrogen production, hydrogen storage and hydrogen transportation; wherein the electricity source for electric hydrogen production includes solar panel power generation and valley power system;

[0012] The fuel cell stack is used to generate electricity using hydrogen fuel.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the valley power system is connected to the user terminal through a valley power supply circuit, and is also connected to the phase change heat storage tank through a valley power heat storage circuit.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, the fuel cell group is connected to the user terminal through a fuel cell group power supply circuit, and is also connected to the phase change heat storage tank through a fuel cell heat storage circuit.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the heat exchanger includes one of a tubular heat exchanger, a plate heat exchanger or a heat pipe heat exchanger.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, the underground heat exchanger includes: one or more of pipes or heat exchange plates.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for using an energy storage fuel cell cogeneration system, which is applied to the energy storage fuel cell cogeneration system, and comprises the following steps:

[0018] When the energy storage fuel cell cogeneration system meets the user's terminal needs and has surplus energy, the solar panels will store part of the heat generated in the phase change heat storage tank, and the other part will be stored underground through the heat exchanger through the buried heat exchanger; at the same time, the solar panels will generate electricity to produce and store hydrogen, and the valley power system will produce and store hydrogen from valley electricity, and use valley electricity to electrically heat the phase change heat storage tank.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution, it also includes:

[0020] When the user terminal needs heating, part of it uses the heat stored in the phase change heat storage tank to transfer the heat to the user terminal through the heat exchanger to meet the heating demand; the other part is provided by the ground source heat pump system through the first heat exchange side of the ground source heat pump to heat the user terminal; at the same time, the valley power system and the fuel cell group directly supply power to the user terminal for heating.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution, it also includes:

[0022] When the user terminal needs power supply, during off-peak hours, the off-peak power system is used to supply power to the user terminal; during non-off-peak hours, the fuel cell group converts the stored hydrogen energy into electrical energy to supply power to the user terminal.

[0023] In summary, compared with the prior art, the effective effects brought about by the technical solution provided by this application include at least:

[0024] The present application proposes an energy storage fuel cell cogeneration system and a method of using the same, the system comprising a solar thermal power generation system, a ground source heat pump system and an energy storage power supply system; the solar thermal power generation system comprises a solar panel, a phase change heat storage tank and a heat exchanger, the solar thermal power generation system is connected to the energy storage power supply system, the first heat exchange side of the phase change heat storage tank is connected to the solar panel, the second heat exchange side is connected to the first heat exchange side of the heat exchanger, the second heat exchange side of the heat exchanger is respectively connected to the user terminal and the ground source heat pump system; the ground source heat pump system comprises a ground source heat pump and an underground heat exchanger, the first heat exchange side of the ground source heat pump is connected to the user terminal, and the second heat exchange side of the ground source heat pump is connected to the underground heat exchanger; the power supply and energy storage system comprises a valley power system, a hydrogen production and storage unit and a fuel cell group, the hydrogen production and storage unit is respectively connected to the valley power system, the fuel cell group and the solar panel. The energy storage fuel cell cogeneration system of the present application can directly provide electricity and heat energy to user terminals, and valley electricity and solar energy can store energy in the form of chemical energy; in addition, the system improves the energy storage capacity of the combined energy supply system of solar energy, ground source heat pump and valley electricity, overcomes the problems of ground source heat pump heating system and solar energy system heating itself and the defect that valley electricity cannot be stored, solves the soil loss of ground source heat pump system, and enables the efficient use of excess solar energy and valley electricity, realizes energy storage, and improves the efficiency and reliability of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0026] Figure 1A structural diagram of an energy storage fuel cell cogeneration system provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Among them, 1-underground heat exchanger, 2-ground source heat pump, 3-heat exchanger, 4-phase change heat storage tank, 5-solar panel, c1, c2, c3, c4-medium pumps, a1, a2, a3, a4, b1, b2, b3, b4-valves, d1-solar power generation hydrogen production path, d2-fuel cell heat storage path, d3-valley electricity heat storage path, d4-valley electricity power supply path, d5-fuel cell power supply path, d6-valley electricity hydrogen production path, d7-fuel transportation path. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0029] Reference to "embodiments" in this application means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application may be combined with other embodiments.

[0030] Example:

[0031] See also Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present application, a storage-type fuel cell cogeneration system is provided, including: a solar thermal power generation system, a ground source heat pump system and an energy storage power supply system.

[0032] The solar thermal power generation system includes a heat exchanger 3, a phase change heat storage tank 4 and a solar panel 5; wherein the solar thermal power generation system generates electricity through the solar panel 5 and is connected to the energy storage power supply system through the solar hydrogen production path d1; the phase change heat storage tank 4 is provided with two heat exchange sides, the first heat exchange side of the phase change heat storage tank 4 is connected to the solar panel 5 through a pipeline, and the pipeline includes a medium pump c4; the second heat exchange side of the phase change heat storage tank 4 is connected to the first heat exchange side of the heat exchanger 3 through a pipeline, and the pipeline also includes a medium pump c1; the second heat exchange side of the heat exchanger 3 is respectively connected to the user terminal and the ground source heat pump system.

[0033] Furthermore, both ends of the second heat exchange side of the heat exchanger 3 are connected to user terminals, and the corresponding pipelines are equipped with valves a2 and b1, and a medium pump c3 is provided.

[0034] The ground source heat pump system includes a ground source heat pump 2 and an underground heat exchanger 1; wherein the first heat exchange side of the ground source heat pump 2 is connected to the user terminal, and the second heat exchange side of the ground source heat pump 2 is connected to the underground heat exchanger 1.

[0035] Furthermore, the two ends of the first heat exchange side of the ground source heat pump 2 are connected to the user terminal through a pipeline, and the pipeline is provided with a valve a3 and a valve b3; the two ends of the second heat exchange side of the ground source heat pump 2 are connected to the buried heat exchanger 1 through a pipeline, and the pipeline is provided with a valve a4 and a valve b4, and a medium pump c2 is arranged on the valve a4 side.

[0036] As one of the implementation modes, the underground heat exchanger 1 is also connected to the second heat exchange side of the heat exchanger 3 through a pipeline, and valves a1 and b2 are provided in the pipelines connected at both ends.

[0037] The energy storage and power supply system includes a hydrogen production and storage unit, a valley power system and a fuel cell group; the hydrogen production and storage unit is connected to the solar panel 5 in the energy storage and power supply system through a solar hydrogen production path d1; the valley power system is connected to the hydrogen production and storage unit through a valley power hydrogen production path d6; the fuel cell group is connected to the hydrogen production and storage unit through a fuel delivery path d7.

[0038] As one of the embodiments, the hydrogen production and storage unit has the functions of electric hydrogen production, hydrogen storage and hydrogen transportation. The electricity for electric hydrogen production comes from the solar panel 5 and valley electricity. The fuel cell group has the function of using hydrogen fuel to generate electricity, which can be used to power user terminals and can also be used to heat the phase change heat storage tank 4. In addition, the valley electricity system can also be used to power user terminals and can also be used to heat the phase change heat storage tank 4.

[0039] As one of the implementation modes, the valley power system is not only connected to the user terminal through the valley power supply circuit d4, but also connected to the phase change heat storage tank 4 through the valley power heat storage circuit d3.

[0040] As one embodiment, the fuel cell group is connected to the user terminal via the fuel cell power supply circuit d5, and is also connected to the phase change heat storage tank 4 via the fuel cell heat storage circuit d2.

[0041] As one embodiment, the heat exchanger 3 in the present application includes a tubular heat exchanger, a plate heat exchanger or a heat pipe heat exchanger.

[0042] As one embodiment, the underground heat exchanger 1 in the present application includes: one or more of a pipeline buried in a winding manner underground, a pipeline buried horizontally underground, or a heat exchange plate.

[0043] The present application also provides a method for using an energy storage type fuel cell cogeneration system, which is applied to the energy storage type fuel cell cogeneration system, and includes the following steps:

[0044] When the energy storage fuel cell cogeneration system meets the user's terminal needs and has surplus energy, at this time, the solar panel 5 will store part of the generated heat in the phase change heat storage tank 4, and the other part can be stored underground through the heat exchanger 3 through the buried heat exchanger 1; at the same time, the solar panel 5 generates electricity to produce hydrogen and stores hydrogen; and the valley power system uses valley electricity to produce hydrogen and store hydrogen, and uses valley electricity to electrically heat the phase change heat storage tank 4, to supplement or increase the heat storage capacity in the phase change heat storage tank 4, so as to release heat during non-valley power periods or when the user's energy demand increases.

[0045] Furthermore, it also includes: when the user terminal needs heating, valves a1 and b2 are closed, and the remaining valves and the medium pump are opened; the heating of the user terminal can be divided into two parts, one part uses the heat stored in the phase change heat storage tank 4 to transfer the heat to the user terminal through the heat exchanger 3 to meet the heating demand; the other part is provided by the ground source heat pump system through the first heat exchange side of the ground source heat pump 2 to heat the user terminal, at this time, valves a3, a4, b3 and b4 are opened, the medium pump c2 is turned on, and the remaining valves are closed; in addition, the valley power system and the fuel cell group supply power and heating to the user terminal through direct power supply, that is, taking advantage of the preferential electricity price during the valley power period, the valley power system directly supplies power to the user terminal, and the fuel cell group is combined as a backup or enhanced power supply to jointly provide power to the user terminal, and then heating is performed through electric heating equipment (such as electric heaters, heat pumps, etc.) to meet the heating and power needs of the user terminal and realize the comprehensive utilization and conservation of energy.

[0046] In addition, when the user terminal needs power supply, during the off-peak period, the off-peak power system can be used to supply power to the user terminal; during the non-off-peak period, the fuel cell group converts the stored hydrogen energy into electrical energy to supply power to the user terminal.

[0047] In another embodiment of a method for using an energy storage fuel cell cogeneration system of the present application, when solar energy is the only energy supply: when the solar energy is sufficient, turn on the medium pump c1, medium pump c2 and medium pump c3, open valve a2 and valve b1, and close the other valves. At this time, the hot water heated by the solar panel 5 flows into the phase change heat storage tank 4, and the phase change heat storage tank 4 stores the heat. The heat stored in the phase change heat storage tank 4 is then used to heat the water at the user terminal through the plate heat exchanger, and the heated water is input into the user terminal for the user to use.

[0048] When solar energy is stored: when there is sufficient solar energy, the hot water heated by the solar panel 5 is stored in the phase change heat storage tank 4 and then heats the water from the user terminal through the heat exchanger 3, and the excess heat is stored in the phase change heat storage tank 4; when the demand is met, the medium pump c1 and the medium pump c2 are turned on, the valve a1 and the valve b2 are opened, and the other valves are closed, the phase change heat storage tank 4 heats the water of the underground heat exchanger 1 through the heat exchanger 3, and the heated hot water flows from the output end of the heat exchanger 3 into the underground heat exchanger 1 to heat the soil to solve the problem of soil loss of temperature, and the heat is stored to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the ground source heat pump system, and the water after heat exchange flows into the input end of the heat exchanger 3 to form a cycle; the solar panel 5 generates electricity by generating electricity, and then uses hydrogen production technology to convert the electrical energy into chemical energy, and stores it in the hydrogen production and storage unit.

[0049] When the valley power system stores energy: the valley power system converts hydrogen produced by electricity into chemical energy and stores it in the hydrogen production and storage unit, so that the stored energy can be supplied to users through the fuel cell group when needed, saving energy and improving the efficiency of the ground source heat pump system; on the other hand, while meeting the hydrogen storage demand, the valley power system converts electrical energy into thermal energy and stores it by heating the phase change thermal storage tank 4 through the valley power heat storage path d3.

[0050] Valley electricity in this application refers to low-peak electricity, which refers to the power supply during the period of low power load in the power system. During the valley electricity period, since most users are at rest, the power demand is relatively low and the load on the power grid is reduced accordingly, resulting in a relative surplus of power supply.

[0051] Furthermore, the valley power system of the present application realizes peak-shifting use of electricity and energy storage by utilizing the valley power price policy. Its core concept is to take advantage of the surplus power and lower electricity prices of the power grid at night or during low-load periods, and to achieve efficient energy utilization and cost savings through specific energy storage or power consumption equipment.

[0052] In summary, the energy storage fuel cell cogeneration system proposed in this application can directly provide electricity and heat energy to user terminals, while valley electricity and solar energy can store energy in the form of chemical energy. Compared with the prior art, this application not only alleviates the problem of soil loss caused by the ground source heat pump system, but also enables efficient use of solar energy and valley electricity, realizes energy storage, and thus improves the efficiency and reliability of the system.

[0053] It should be noted that, for the sake of convenience of description, the aforementioned method embodiments are all expressed as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should know that the present application is not limited to the described order of actions, because according to the present application, certain steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously.

[0054] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Among them, any reference to memory, storage, database or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory may include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) or flash memory. Volatile memory may include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. As an illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in many forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link (Synchlink) DRAM (SLDRAM), memory bus (Rambus) direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM).

[0055] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0056] The above embodiments are preferred implementation modes of the present application, but the implementation modes of the present application are not limited to the above embodiments. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principles of the present application should be equivalent replacement methods and are included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A fuel cell energy storage cogeneration system, characterized in that: include: Solar thermal power generation system, ground source heat pump system and energy storage power supply system; The solar thermal power generation system comprises a heat exchanger, a phase change heat storage tank and a solar panel; wherein the solar thermal power generation system generates electricity through the solar panel and is connected to the energy storage power supply system through a solar hydrogen production path; the first heat exchange side of the phase change heat storage tank is connected to the solar panel, the second heat exchange side of the phase change heat storage tank is connected to the first heat exchange side of the heat exchanger, and the second heat exchange side of the heat exchanger is respectively connected to a user terminal and the ground source heat pump system; The ground source heat pump system comprises a ground source heat pump and an underground heat exchanger; wherein the first heat exchange side of the ground source heat pump is connected to the user terminal, and the second heat exchange side of the ground source heat pump is connected to the underground heat exchanger; The energy storage and power supply system includes a hydrogen production and storage unit, a valley power system and a fuel cell group; wherein the hydrogen production and storage unit is connected to the solar panel in the energy storage and power supply system through a solar hydrogen production path; the valley power system is connected to the hydrogen production and storage unit through a valley power hydrogen production path; and the fuel cell group is connected to the hydrogen production and storage unit through a fuel delivery path.

2. The energy storage fuel cell cogeneration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The underground heat exchanger is also connected to the second heat exchange side of the heat exchanger.

3. The energy storage fuel cell cogeneration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen production and storage unit is used for producing hydrogen by electricity, storing hydrogen and transporting hydrogen; wherein the electricity source for producing hydrogen by electricity includes solar panel power generation and valley power system; The fuel cell stack is used to generate electricity using hydrogen fuel.

4. The energy storage fuel cell cogeneration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valley power system is connected to the user terminal through a valley power supply circuit, and is also connected to the phase change heat storage tank through a valley power heat storage circuit.

5. The energy storage fuel cell cogeneration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel cell group is connected to the user terminal through the fuel cell group power supply circuit, and is also connected to the phase change heat storage tank through the fuel cell heat storage circuit.

6. The energy storage fuel cell cogeneration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchanger includes one of a tubular heat exchanger, a plate heat exchanger or a heat pipe heat exchanger.

7. The energy storage fuel cell cogeneration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The underground heat exchanger includes: one or more of pipes or heat exchange plates.

8. A method for using an energy storage fuel cell cogeneration system, characterized in that: An energy storage fuel cell cogeneration system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the following steps: When the energy storage fuel cell cogeneration system meets the user's terminal needs and has surplus energy, the solar panels will store part of the heat generated in the phase change heat storage tank, and the other part will be stored underground through the heat exchanger through the buried heat exchanger; at the same time, the solar panels will generate electricity to produce and store hydrogen, and the valley power system will produce and store hydrogen from valley electricity, and use valley electricity to electrically heat the phase change heat storage tank.

9. The method for using the energy storage fuel cell cogeneration system according to claim 8, characterized in that: Also includes: When the user terminal needs heating, part of it uses the heat stored in the phase change heat storage tank to transfer the heat to the user terminal through the heat exchanger to meet the heating demand; the other part is provided by the ground source heat pump system through the first heat exchange side of the ground source heat pump to heat the user terminal; at the same time, the valley power system and the fuel cell group directly supply power to the user terminal for heating.

10. The method for using the energy storage fuel cell cogeneration system according to claim 8, characterized in that: Also includes: When the user terminal needs power supply, during off-peak hours, the off-peak power system is used to supply power to the user terminal; during non-off-peak hours, the fuel cell group converts the stored hydrogen energy into electrical energy to supply power to the user terminal.

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