Framed membrane electrode assembly for fuel cell stack and method for manufacturing same

Abstract

The invention relates to a framed membrane electrode assembly for a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack, comprising a catalyst coated membrane assembly, an anode gas diffusion layer and a cathode gas diffusion layer provided and a frame for carrying the catalyst coated membrane assembly, the frame having a sealing section for providing a sealing function. The two adhesive layers are disposed to be joined to opposite sides of the catalyst coated film assembly. The first adhesive layer bonds one of the gas diffusion layers to the catalyst coated film assembly. A second adhesive layer bonds the frame and the other of the gas diffusion layers to the catalyst coated film assembly. To this end, the second adhesive layer comprises, at its inner circumference, at least one connection section which extends beyond the inner circumference of the frame to join the other of the gas diffusion layers to the catalyst coated film assembly. The invention also relates to a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack comprising a plurality of framed membrane electrode assemblies stacked in sequence, and to a method of manufacturing a framed membrane electrode assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a membrane electrode assembly with a frame for a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack and a method for manufacturing the same. The present invention also relates to a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack comprising at least one of the membrane electrode assemblies with a frame. Background Art

[0002] A fuel cell is a device that generates electricity by electrochemically converting fuel and oxidant reactants (such as hydrogen and oxygen or air). A solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell is a fuel cell that uses a proton-conducting solid polymer membrane electrolyte between the cathode and anode electrodes. The electrodes generally contain a suitable catalyst to promote the electrochemical reaction occurring at each electrode. The structure consisting of a solid polymer membrane electrolyte sandwiched between two electrodes is called a membrane electrode assembly (MEA). MEA therefore generally includes a catalyst coated membrane (CCM) and a gas diffusion layer (GDL) applied on both sides of the CCM. CCM is a subassembly in which a suitable catalyst composition is applied and bonded to both sides of the membrane electrolyte. GDL is provided to improve the distribution of fluid reactants to the electrodes and the process of discharging fluid byproducts from the electrodes.

[0003] In a typical solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell, multiple flow field plates are arranged on both sides of the MEA, and these flow field plates include multiple fluid distribution channels for reactants to distribute fuel and oxidant to respective electrodes and discharge reaction byproducts from the fuel cell. Water is the main byproduct in cells that work with hydrogen and air reactants. Because the output voltage of a single cell is around 1V, in commercial applications, multiple cells are usually stacked in series to provide higher output voltages. Fuel cell stacks can be connected in series and / or in parallel in a grouped interconnected stack for applications such as automobiles.

[0004] In order to efficiently manufacture such fuel cell stacks, multiple identical cell assemblies, called "unit cell assemblies," are designed, which can be directly stacked one on top of another to complete most of the assembly of the cell stack.

[0005] Various designs and assembly methods have been proposed in the art to achieve the numerous seals and joints required in a fuel cell stack. In one approach, the unit cell assembly includes a frame, which is used in the MEA to provide electrical insulation, mechanical alignment, and sealing functions. In this configuration, the frame and MEA are typically integrated together into a subassembly called a "framed membrane electrode assembly (MEFA)". Glue or glue layers are typically used to join the components together.

[0006] For example, US 2023 / 048 138 A1 discloses a MEFA design that uses a single glue layer to provide multiple joints between different components of the MEFA.

[0007] Despite these advances in MEFA design, it remains challenging to manufacture MEFA in high-volume manufacturing processes. Manufacturing MEFA may involve relatively large amounts of manual labor and / or placement operations due to the thin layers of material handled by the MEFA design. However, such processing typically results in reduced manufacturing speeds and is susceptible to manufacturing errors. In contrast, high productivity in MEFA manufacturing can be achieved by using roll-to-roll manufacturing. In roll-to-roll manufacturing, a flexible wound substrate is typically continuously transported through different mechanical rollers that form stations for additive or subtractive manufacturing.

[0008] Adding physical structures to provide sealing functions to the MEFA frame design makes mass production of MEFA more difficult. Figures 1 to 3b To explain some of these reasons, Figure 1-3b A prior art MEFA (900) is shown which is improved by adding sealing functionality to the frame according to two different approaches. In each approach an attempt is made to avoid reducing the speed of manufacture. Figure 1 An unmodified prior art MEFA (900) is shown as a starting point. Figure 2a and 2b A method of adding sealing functionality to the frame (930) prior to assembling a prior art MEFA (900) is shown. Figure 3a and 3b Another approach to adding a sealing function to the frame (930) in a post-joining step is shown. Specifically:

[0009] Figure 1 A design example of a prior art MEFA (900) is shown, which should be improved by providing a sealing mechanism for its frame structure. The prior art MEFA (900) includes a prior art catalyst coated membrane assembly (911), first and second prior art gas diffusion layers (921, 922), and a prior art frame (930) composed of two frame parts, namely first and second prior art frame parts (931, 932). The components of the prior art MEFA (900) are joined to each other by glue layers, namely first, second, third and fourth prior art glue layers (941, 942, 943, 944).

[0010] exist Figure 2a and 2bIn the prior art MEFA (900), the sealing function is integrated in the first and second prior art frame parts (931, 932) in the form of sealing structures (935, 936) respectively before the prior art frame (930) is joined. However, during the roll-to-roll process, each sealing structure (935, 936) is subjected to pressure due to its convex shape. The sealing structures (935, 936) may be damaged as a result. Figure 2a This is indicated by the fracture (937) occurring at one of the sealing structures (936). In addition, during the roll-to-roll process, when the two frame parts (931, 932) are brought together for joining, the two sealing structures (935, 936) may be misaligned. This Figure 2b It can be seen that the MEFA design of the prior art may not be suitable for manufacturing a frame with an integrated sealing structure in a mass production process (such as a roll-to-roll process). Instead, manual and / or mounting operations may be required, which is disadvantageous in the case of mass production.

[0011] Figure 3a and 3b An alternative approach is shown, whereby a sealing structure (935, 936) is added to the frame components (931, 932) of the prior art MEFA (900) as part of a post-joining process. In particular, the sealing structure (935, 936) is injection molded onto the frame of the assembled prior art MEFA (900) by completing a liquid injection molding process. An obvious disadvantage of this approach is that the liquid injection molding process requires higher temperatures and pressures. As a result, there is an increased risk of damage to the attached prior art gas diffusion layer (921, 922). For example, in Figure 3a FIG. 1 shows a fracture (929) of a second prior art gas diffusion layer (922) caused by the mechanical and thermal loads to which the MEFA (900) is subjected during the injection molding process. Figure 3a This shows how the catalyst coated membrane assembly (911) of the prior art may bend or misalign during this process. In addition, the risk of deformation of the frame (931, 932) is also increased. Figure 3b It is shown that the glue layers (941, 942, 943, 944) may be damaged during the injection molding process. For example, the second and third prior art glue layers (942, 943) may melt and flow due to the high injection molding temperature applied, resulting in size reduction or decomposition, as shown in the damaged portion (949).

[0012] It is apparent from the foregoing that there are still shortcomings in the prior art with respect to achieving mass production of MEFAs having a frame structure with an integrated sealing function. Summary of the invention

[0013] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to at least partially overcome the above disadvantages. In particular, the object of the present invention is to provide a method and design of manufacturing a MEFA that allows to increase the manufacturing speed of a MEFA having a frame with an integrated sealing mechanism without compromising the structural integrity of the MEFA.

[0014] The above technical problems are solved by the membrane electrode assembly with a frame of the present invention, the solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack of the present invention, and the method for manufacturing the membrane electrode assembly with a frame of the present invention.

[0015] Other advantages and features of the present invention are obtained from the description and drawings. The features and details described about the membrane electrode assembly with a frame of the present invention are naturally also applicable to the solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack of the present invention and the manufacturing method of the present invention, respectively, and vice versa, so for the disclosed content, reference is made to each other or can be made to each other in various aspects of the present invention.

[0016] The first aspect of the present invention relates to a membrane electrode assembly with a frame for a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack. The membrane electrode assembly with a frame includes a catalyst coated membrane assembly, which includes an anode catalyst layer, a cathode catalyst layer and a solid polymer membrane electrolyte. The anode catalyst layer and the cathode catalyst layer are bonded to opposite sides of the solid polymer membrane electrolyte. The membrane electrode assembly with a frame includes a plurality of gas diffusion layers, which include an anode gas diffusion layer adjacent to the anode catalyst layer of the catalyst coated membrane assembly and a cathode gas diffusion layer adjacent to the cathode catalyst layer of the catalyst coated membrane assembly. The membrane electrode assembly with a frame also includes a frame for carrying the catalyst coated membrane assembly. The frame extends between the inner periphery and the outer periphery and includes a sealing section for providing a sealing function. The membrane electrode assembly with a frame includes a first glue layer and a second glue layer, each glue layer extending between the inner periphery and the outer periphery. The first glue layer and the second glue layer are bonded to opposite sides of the catalyst coated membrane assembly. The first glue layer is located between the catalyst coated membrane assembly and one of the gas diffusion layers, so that the first glue layer bonds one of the gas diffusion layers to the catalyst coated membrane assembly. The second adhesive layer and the frame are located between the catalyst coated membrane assembly and another gas diffusion layer therein, so that the second adhesive layer is adjacent to the catalyst coated membrane assembly and the frame is adjacent to the other gas diffusion layer therein. The second adhesive layer joins the frame to the catalyst coated membrane assembly. The second adhesive layer includes at least one connecting section at the inner periphery, which extends beyond the inner periphery of the frame to join the other gas diffusion layer therein to the catalyst coated membrane assembly.

[0017] In the context of this document, a "membrane electrode assembly with a frame" or "MEFA" may be understood to refer to an independent assembly, which, for example, constitutes a single solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell in an associated fuel cell stack. Preferably, the MEFA may be designed in such a way that a plurality of such assemblies may be stacked between suitable flow field plate assemblies, such as bipolar plate assemblies or end plate assemblies, to form a fuel cell stack.

[0018] A "catalyst coated membrane assembly" or "CCMA" may for example be understood as a subassembly in which at least a catalyst composition is applied and bonded to both sides of a solid polymer membrane electrolyte. The anode catalyst layer and the cathode catalyst layer may preferably form the electrodes of a MEFA.

[0019] A "gas diffusion layer" or "GDL" may be understood, for example, as a porous sheet configured to control the flow of reactant gases and byproducts into and out of the MEFA.

[0020] A "frame" is understood to be a preferably rigid structure for providing mechanical support for the CCMA and / or the MEFA and preferably also for allowing the MEFA to be aligned with other MEFAs. The frame extends between an inner periphery and an outer periphery.

[0021] In the context of this article, the expression "outer periphery" can be generally understood as the outer edge or outermost edge of the periphery of a structure. Similarly, the expression "inner periphery" can be generally understood as the inner edge or innermost edge of the inner periphery of a structure. Therefore, "the inner periphery extends beyond another structure" can be understood as extending inwardly with respect to the corresponding outer periphery. Similarly, "the outer periphery extends beyond another structure" can be understood as extending outwardly with respect to the corresponding inner periphery.

[0022] The expression "sealing section" may be understood as a portion or region of a frame which is adapted and / or configured to provide a sealing function. A sealing function may for example be providing a structure for facilitating a liquid-tight or air-tight seal when interacting with a corresponding structure of another component.

[0023] "Glue layer" or "ADL" may be understood as a film or sheet that is capable of being adhered to a MEFA component, for example after chemical or physical activation.

[0024] The expression "joining" is to be understood as connecting at least two components by a firm material connection. For example, the materials can be connected by surface joining (adhesion), which can preferably be achieved by chemical activation.

[0025] Thus, by using two ADLs, the components of the MEFA can be joined to each other on both sides of the CCMA. Here, the two ADLs are arranged so that most of the components can be joined to each other in a roll-to-roll process, and only selected components may require a different manufacturing method, such as a mounting process. The configuration of the second ADL relative to the frame allows the frame to be attached to the CCMA without the need for additional glue. Thus, the frame can be added with an integrated sealing function, so the post-processing step of providing the sealing function can be omitted. In addition, the frame can be equipped with a sealing function in a process separate from the MEFA assembly, thereby facilitating parallel processing, which in turn can increase the manufacturing speed. In addition, the frame can be added and attached at a later stage of the MEFA assembly process. Thus, the manufacturing speed of the MEFA can be increased without compromising the structural integrity of the MEFA.

[0026] Furthermore, surprisingly, the MEFA according to the invention is also particularly effective in water electrolysis. The MEFA is therefore suitable not only for operation as a fuel cell but also for operation as a water electrolyser.

[0027] According to a preferred embodiment, the frame may be formed in a plate shape. For example, the frame may be flat, that is, its thickness may be small relative to its length and width. Here, the frame may have two opposing flat sides surrounded by a circumferential front surface. The frame may preferably include a frame joining section extending at its inner periphery and / or along its inner periphery for connecting to the CCMA and / or GDL. The frame joining section may extend on at least one side extending between the inner periphery and the outer periphery. The frame joining section may preferably extend on opposite sides in terms of its extension range between the inner periphery and the outer periphery. It is more preferred that the frame may be arranged so that the frame joining section overlaps at least one of the GDLs and the CCMA.

[0028] The frame may preferably be arranged in a manner that its inner periphery is concentric around the CCMA. Alternatively or additionally, the first adhesive layer and / or the second adhesive layer may be arranged in a manner that their respective inner peripheries are concentric around the CCMA. The frame may preferably be arranged relative to the CCMA so that the CCMA at least partially extends beyond the inner periphery of the frame. More preferably, the geometric center of the inner periphery of the frame may coincide with the geometric center of the CCMA. Alternatively or additionally, the geometric center of the inner periphery of the frame may overlap with the extension range of the CCMA in a top view.

[0029] Preferably, the glue layer may be configured and arranged to extend at the outer edge portion of the CCMA between the respective inner and outer peripheries thereof, so as not to cover the central region of the CCMA where the CCMA active area may be formed.

[0030] According to another preferred embodiment, the sealing section may include a sealing element for providing a sealing function. The sealing element may preferably be arranged integrally with the frame. For example, the frame may be injection molded to form an embedded seal. The sealing element may extend laterally between the inner periphery and the outer periphery in the direction in which the frame extends. Alternatively or additionally, the sealing element may preferably be made of an elastomeric sealing material. Preferably, the sealing section may be located between the inner periphery and the outer periphery of the frame. Preferably, the sealing section may extend at least partially along the periphery of the frame.

[0031] A liquid-tight or gas-tight contact may thereby be created between the MEFA and an adjacent flow field plate comprising fluid distribution channels for the reactants.

[0032] According to a preferred embodiment, the catalyst coated membrane assembly, the first adhesive layer, the second adhesive layer and one of the gas diffusion layers can be provided as membrane materials and / or can be joined to each other in a roll-to-roll process. Preferably, the material for at least one of the layers can be provided continuously and / or as a rolled coil.

[0033] The processing speed can thus be significantly increased. Furthermore, by joining the components to one another in a roll-to-roll process, a strong connection can be established between the components.

[0034] According to a preferred embodiment, the first glue layer, the second glue layer and the one of the gas diffusion layers can be at least partially cut to a specified size after being bonded to each other so that their peripheries are flush with each other. Preferably, the catalyst coated membrane assembly can also be cut to a specified size.

[0035] Since multiple parts are cut simultaneously, uniform size of MEFA can be ensured and manufacturing speed can be increased.

[0036] According to another preferred embodiment, the connecting section may form at least a portion of the inner periphery of the second adhesive layer. The connecting section may extend at least partially or completely along the inner periphery of the second adhesive layer. Alternatively or additionally, the connecting section may extend such that the inner periphery of the second adhesive layer is smaller than the inner periphery of the frame. Furthermore, the connecting section may extend such that the inner periphery of the second adhesive layer is smaller than the outer periphery of the catalyst coated membrane assembly.

[0037] For example, if the free space enclosed by the inner circumference of the second adhesive layer is smaller than the free space enclosed by the inner circumference of the frame, it can be considered that the inner circumference of the second adhesive layer is smaller than the inner circumference of the frame.

[0038] This ensures that the connecting section provides a sufficient contact area for engagement with the frame, thereby improving the reliability and strength of the connection between the frame and the CCMA.

[0039] According to a preferred embodiment, the membrane electrode assembly with a frame may include at least one edge section, at which the inner periphery of the frame, the inner periphery of the second glue layer and / or the inner periphery of the first glue layer may be reduced in size in this order. The edge section preferably extends along the outer periphery of the MEFA, CCMA and / or the one GDL.

[0040] This allows the other GDL to contact the second glue layer while providing a smoother transition from the frame to the CCMA. The smoother transition is formed by a gradual change in height from the other GDL toward the CCMA. This configuration can improve the mechanical and chemical stability of the MEFA.

[0041] Alternatively or additionally, it is also conceivable that the framed membrane electrode assembly may be configured such that the inner periphery of the frame, the inner periphery of the first glue layer, and the inner periphery of the second glue layer may be reduced in size in this order, preferably in the edge section.

[0042] Alternatively or additionally, it is also conceivable that the membrane electrode assembly with a frame can be configured so that the inner circumference of the first glue layer is consistent with or smaller than the inner circumference of the second glue layer. Here, the inner circumference of the frame can preferably be consistent with, smaller than, or larger than the inner circumference of the second glue layer.

[0043] Alternatively or additionally, the membrane electrode assembly with a frame may include at least one edge section, at which the inner periphery of the frame, the inner periphery of the first glue layer, and the inner periphery of the second glue layer may be consistent or substantially consistent with each other. Alternatively or additionally, the membrane electrode assembly with a frame may include at least one edge section, at which the frame, the first glue layer, and the second glue layer may be aligned flush with each other along their inner peripheries.

[0044] This achieves a steeper height change, maximizing the contact area with the other GDL.

[0045] Alternatively or additionally, it is also conceivable that the framed membrane electrode assembly may be configured such that the inner circumference of the frame and the inner circumference of the first glue layer are consistent or substantially consistent with each other, and the inner circumference of the second glue layer may be smaller than the inner circumferences of the first two, preferably at the edge section.

[0046] According to another preferred embodiment, the periphery of the first glue layer, the periphery of the second glue layer and the periphery of at least one of the gas diffusion layers may extend together. Alternatively or additionally, the periphery of the frame may extend beyond the periphery of the catalyst coated membrane assembly, the periphery of the gas diffusion layer, the periphery of the first glue layer and the periphery of the second glue layer.

[0047] Preferably, the periphery of the first glue layer, the periphery of the second glue layer, the periphery of at least one of the gas diffusion layers, and the periphery of the catalyst coated membrane assembly may co-extend flush with each other along the peripheries.

[0048] Since there is a specified surface area for alignment of the MEFA in the stack, the placement of the MEFA in the cell stack can be improved.

[0049] According to a preferred embodiment, one of the gas diffusion layers may be an anode gas diffusion layer. Preferably, at least one of the gas diffusion layers may include carbon fiber paper. According to another preferred embodiment, the frame may include a plurality of ports for supplying fluid to the fuel cell stack and draining fluid from the fuel cell stack. The frame may preferably be a polyethylene naphthalate membrane.

[0050] This improves the distribution of fluid reactants to the electrodes and the removal of fluid byproducts from the electrodes.

[0051] According to a preferred embodiment, the first glue layer and / or the second glue layer may include a polymer selected from the group consisting of epoxy resin, polyurethane, polyisobutylene, polyolefin, polyethylene and a curable cross-linking agent.

[0052] This allows connections between components to be established quickly and reliably.

[0053] Another aspect of the present invention relates to a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack, which is formed by stacking a plurality of membrane electrode assemblies with frames in sequence.

[0054] The solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack can achieve the same advantages and effects as the above-mentioned MEFA. In particular, since the MEFA can be manufactured with a frame having an integral sealing function, the sealing performance can be improved and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

[0055] Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned membrane electrode assembly with a frame. The method includes: obtaining a catalyst coated membrane assembly, obtaining a gas diffusion layer, obtaining a frame, and obtaining a first adhesive layer and a second adhesive layer. The catalyst coated membrane assembly, the gas diffusion layer, the frame, the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer are stacked on each other so that the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer are located on opposite sides of the catalyst coated membrane assembly, the first adhesive layer is located between the catalyst coated membrane assembly and one of the gas diffusion layers, the frame and the second adhesive layer are located between the catalyst coated membrane assembly and another of the gas diffusion layers, the second adhesive layer is adjacent to the catalyst coated membrane assembly, and the frame is adjacent to the other of the gas diffusion layers. The catalyst coated membrane assembly, the gas diffusion layer, the frame, the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer are aligned with each other in the following manner, that is, from the cross section of the membrane electrode assembly with the frame, the catalyst coated membrane assembly, one of the gas diffusion layers, the frame, the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer at least partially overlap. In addition, the catalyst coated membrane assembly, the gas diffusion layer, the frame, the first glue layer and the second glue layer are aligned with each other in such a manner that, from the cross section of the membrane electrode assembly with the frame, the catalyst coated membrane assembly, the second glue layer and the other gas diffusion layer overlap at least at the connection section of the second glue layer. The first glue layer is activated so that the first glue layer joins the one gas diffusion layer to the catalyst coated membrane assembly. The second glue layer is activated so that the second glue layer joins the catalyst coated membrane assembly to the other gas diffusion layer and the frame.

[0056] In the context of the present invention, "activation" may refer to the process of making the ADL "sticky" and able to adhere to the components of the MEFA. For example, activation may include the process of curing a curable glue (such as an epoxy resin). Activation may also include the process of heat treating a thermosetting glue (such as polyurethane or polyisobutylene) or a thermoplastic glue (such as polyolefin). In addition, activation may include chemically treating a suitable chemically activated glue (e.g., activating with ultraviolet light). Therefore, depending on the nature of the materials used in the ADL, the activation step may involve curing, thermal activation and / or chemical activation.

[0057] As already mentioned, this configuration allows most of the components of the MEFA to be joined to each other in a roll-to-roll process, and only selected components may require a different manufacturing method, such as a placement process. In addition, the configuration of the second ADL relative to the frame allows the frame and another GDL to be connected to the CCMA without the need for additional glue, so the frame can be added with an integrated sealing function. This can increase the manufacturing speed of the MEFA without compromising the structural integrity.

[0058] The method may preferably include the step of "aligning the frame with the second glue layer so that at least the connecting section extends beyond the inner periphery of the frame." Alternatively or additionally, the method may include aligning another gas diffusion layer with the inner periphery of the frame.

[0059] According to a preferred embodiment, the first and second adhesive layers can be obtained in the form of being arranged on a carrier layer, respectively. Preferably, the method can also include cutting and forming openings in the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer, respectively, the opening having an inner peripheral edge that can define the inner periphery of the opening. The opening can have any shape, such as circular, elliptical, polygonal, rectangular, square or triangular. In addition, the method can include removing the carrier layer from the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer after cutting and forming the respective openings.

[0060] According to another preferred embodiment, the method may include bonding the catalyst coated membrane assembly to the first adhesive layer and / or the second adhesive layer by applying heat and / or pressure to activate the respective adhesive layer, preferably in a roll-to-roll process. Here, at least one of the respective carrier layers may preferably be removed after said bonding.

[0061] According to a preferred embodiment, the method may further comprise activating the first glue layer, preferably by applying heat and / or pressure, more preferably in a roll-to-roll process, thereby bonding one of the gas diffusion layers to the first glue layer. The activation may preferably be done after removing the carrier layer of the first glue layer and before removing the carrier layer of the second glue layer.

[0062] It is possible by any of the above configurations that the ADL can be attached to the components of the MEFA on a carrier layer in a roll-to-roll process. It can be particularly advantageous here that the carrier layer can provide additional mechanical stability during the manufacturing process and thus can improve the quality of the MEFA.

[0063] According to another preferred embodiment, the method may include cutting the first adhesive layer, the second adhesive layer, one of the gas diffusion layers and the carrier layer (if any) of the preferred second adhesive layer after being joined to each other along a cutting line that is consistent with or parallel to the outer periphery of the catalyst coated membrane assembly, so that the generated periphery is co-boundary. It is conceivable here that the cutting line can not only extend parallel to or along the outer side of the catalyst coated membrane assembly (i.e., consistent with it), but also that the cutting line can be freely extended within the extension range of the catalyst coated membrane assembly, so that the periphery of the catalyst coated membrane assembly can be redefined in the cutting step. Therefore, after the cutting step, the periphery of at least the first adhesive layer, the second adhesive layer, preferably one of the gas diffusion layers and the catalyst coated membrane assembly can be co-boundary. Alternatively, it is also conceivable that the cutting line extends beyond the periphery of the catalyst coated membrane assembly, so that unlike the other layers, the periphery of the catalyst coated membrane assembly is not cut in the cutting step.

[0064] The method may also preferably include removing the carrier layer (if any) of the second glue layer after cutting.

[0065] Thus, since a plurality of parts are cut at the same time to have mutually flush outer circumferences, a uniform size of the MEFA can be ensured and the manufacturing speed can be increased.

[0066] According to a preferred embodiment, the method may further include joining the frame to the catalyst coated membrane assembly by activating the second glue layer. Alternatively or additionally, the method may include joining another gas diffusion layer to the catalyst coated membrane assembly by activating the second glue layer at the connecting section.

[0067] This allows a strong material bond to be produced between the respective components.

[0068] Another aspect of the present invention relates to a membrane electrode assembly with a frame manufactured by the above manufacturing method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0069] The above and other aspects of the present invention will become apparent by referring to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description.

[0070] Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of a prior art MEFA is shown.

[0071] Figures 2a to 3b Shown in the use of Figure 1 Configuration of the Prior Art MEFA Possible defects or damage that may occur during the process of manufacturing the MEFA, which has a frame including a sealing structure.

[0072] Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a MEFA of the present invention.

[0073] Figures 5 to 13 A schematic diagram showing the production steps of an embodiment of a method for producing MEFA of the present invention.

[0074] Figures 14a to 16c Schematic diagrams showing enlarged cross-sections near the frame of different embodiments of the MEFA of the present invention.

[0075] Fig.17 A schematic diagram showing a manufacturing step of an embodiment of a method for manufacturing the MEFA of the present invention and a schematic cross-sectional diagram of another embodiment of the MEFA of the present invention.

[0076] Fig.18 A schematic cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the MEFA of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0077] Figures 1 to 3b The prior art design of MEFA and the problems it has are shown. Figures 4 to 18 Different views and different aspects of different embodiments of the MEFA 10 of the present invention are shown. Figures 4 to 17 An embodiment of a method for manufacturing the MEFA 10 of the present invention is shown.

[0078] Reference Figure 4 and Fig.17 , which show two similar but different embodiments of the MEFA 10 of the present invention. The MEFA 10 is designed to be used in a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack or as a water electrolysis cell and comprises a CCMA 11 .

[0079] The CCMA 11 includes an anode catalyst layer, a cathode catalyst layer and a solid polymer membrane electrolyte. The anode catalyst layer and the cathode catalyst layer are bonded to opposite sides of the solid polymer membrane electrolyte and serve as the anode and cathode in the MEFA 10. Any suitable CCMA may be considered for use as the CCMA 11, including a window-coated CCMA or a windowless coated CCMA. The CCMA 11 may, for example, include an active area coated with a catalyst layer on both sides and an inactive area that does not include a catalyst layer. The CCMA 11 may, for example, be provided as a soft membrane material. The CCMA 11 may include a peripheral edge 113 that defines the periphery 112 of the CCMA 11.

[0080] Preferably, elements of the MEFA 10 may be centered about the CCMA 11. Preferably, the CCMA 11 may include one or more axes of symmetry. More preferably, the MEFA 10 may include an axis of symmetry that is aligned with at least one of the axes of symmetry of the CCMA 11.

[0081] MEFA 10 includes GDLs 12, 121, 122. In particular, GDL 12 includes an anode GDL adjacent to the anode catalyst layer of CCMA 11 and a cathode GDL adjacent to the cathode catalyst layer of CCMA 11. Figure 4 and Fig.17 In the embodiment, one of the GDLs 12, 121, 122 may be an anode GDL, namely GDL 121. GDLs 12, 121, 122 may be provided as a thin film material (e.g., carbon fiber paper). In addition, GDLs 12, 121, 122 may contain various additives to improve the fluidity, conductivity, and / or wettability of the thin film material. GDLs 121, 122 may be similar in structure or different in structure.

[0082] The MEFA 10 includes a frame 13 that is adapted and designed to provide mechanical support or structure to the CCMA 11 in the MEFA 10. The frame 13 may be made of a thin film material, such as a polyethylene naphthalate film, for example. The frame 13 extends between an inner perimeter 131 and an outer perimeter 132. For example, the frame 13 may include a rectangular shape with a rectangular through hole, the rectangular through hole including a peripheral edge that may define the inner perimeter 131 of the frame 13. This Fig.15b and 16b It is shown as an example in Fig.15b and 16b As can be seen in FIG. 1 , the frame 13 may include a plurality of ports 136 for supplying and draining fluids to and from the fuel cell stack. The ports 136 may be configured to supply and drain fuel, oxidant, and coolant fluids to and from the assembled fuel cell stack. In addition, Fig.15b and 16b The perimeter 132 of the frame 13 is shown to extend beyond the perimeters of all other components of the MEFA 10 .

[0083] The frame 13 includes a sealing section 135 that provides a sealing function, such as sealing the fuel cell against leakage of liquid or gas. The sealing section 135 may be located between the inner periphery 131 and the outer periphery 132 of the frame 13. The sealing section 135 may preferably extend along the outer periphery 132 and / or the port 136 of the frame 13. This is particularly useful in Fig.15b and 16b The sealing section 135 may include a sealing element 1351 made of an elastomeric sealing material. The sealing element 1351 may be provided to be integral or integrally formed with the frame 13. The frame 13 may be configured to carry the CCMA 11 and the MEFA 10 on one or both sides of its plate-like structure.

[0084] The MEFA 10 includes ADLs 141, 142, namely a first ADL 141 and a second ADL 142. Of course, the MEFA 10 may also include additional ADLs. Each ADL 141, 142 extends between an inner periphery 1411, 1421 and an outer periphery 1412, 1422. The ADLs 141, 142 may be made of a material that can be activated to be sticky and adhere to the components in the MEFA 10, thereby joining them together. For example, the ADL 141 may be provided as a film material comprising a polymer.

[0085] The first ADL 141 and the second ADL 142 are joined to opposite sides of the CCMA 11. The first ADL 141 and the second ADL 142 may be arranged at the periphery of the MEFA 10. For example, the first ADL 141 and the second ADL 142 may be arranged at the edge section 15 of the MEFA 10. The edge section 15 may be provided at the periphery of the MEFA 10. Figures 14a-16cexemplarily shown in FIG. 1 , but one of the GDLs 12 is not provided.

[0086] The first ADL 141 is located between the CCMA 11 and one of the GDLs 121, so that the first ADL 141 joins the one GDL 121 to the CCMA 11. For example, the one GDL 121 may be an anode GDL. The second ADL 142 and the frame 13 are located between the CCMA 11 and the other GDL, i.e., the other GDL 122, so that the second ADL 142 is adjacent to the CCMA 11 and the frame 13 is adjacent to the other GDL 122. In addition, the second ADL 142 joins the frame 13 to the CCMA 11.

[0087] The second ADL 142 includes at least one connection section 1423 at the inner periphery 1421. The connection section 1423 extends beyond the inner periphery 131 of the frame 13 to allow another GDL 122 to be joined to the CCMA 11. Figures 15a to 16c As shown, the connecting section 1423 may be formed along the inner circumference 1421 of the second ADL 142 and extend along the inner circumference 1421 of the second ADL 142. Figure 4 and Figure 15a-15b in Figures 16a to 17 14 shows that the second ADL 142 may include a connection section 1423 along only a portion of the inner periphery 1421. For example, the connection section 1423 may be formed on only a portion of the MEFA 10, such as Figure 16a-16c As shown. Fig.16a Along the Fig.16b The cross section along line AA shows that the connecting section 1423 is not arranged along the length direction of the MEFA 10. Fig.16c The edge shown in Fig.16b The cross section along line CC shows that the connecting section 1423 is arranged along the width direction of the MEFA 10 .

[0088] Fig.14a and 14b Two exemplary configurations of the MEFA 10 at the edge section 15 are shown, but the further GDL 122 is not shown. The two configurations differ in the inner circumferential dimensions of the frame 13, the second ADL 142 and preferably the first ADL 141. For example, Fig.14a At the edge section 15 shown, the size of the inner periphery 131 of the frame 13, the inner periphery 1421 of the second ADL 142, and / or the inner periphery 1411 of the first ADL 141 decreases in this order. The smooth transition between these components is Fig.14a In contrast, Fig.14b A steeper change in height is shown, indicated by the dashed step arrows. Fig.14b , the inner circumference 131 of the frame 13 , the inner circumference 1411 of the first ADL 141 , and the inner circumference 1421 of the second ADL 142 are consistent or substantially consistent at the edge section 15 , so that the inner circumferences 131 , 1411 , 1421 thereof are flush with each other.

[0089] It is generally contemplated that the MEFA 10 may include a configuration where the inner perimeter 1411 of the first ADL 141 and the inner perimeter 1421 of the second ADL 142 at least partially or substantially coincide with each other such that they are flush with each other at their inner perimeters 1411, 1421 (eg, Fig.14a and 14b Alternatively, it is also conceivable that the inner periphery 1411 of the first ADL 141 is at least partially smaller than the inner periphery 1421 of the second ADL 142, or vice versa (e.g. Fig.13 and 18 ). Therefore, in practice, one of the ADLs 141, 142 may be shorter than the other ADL 142, 141. Of course, it is also conceivable that the above configuration exists not only partially, but also completely.

[0090] Alternatively or additionally, it is also generally conceivable to provide a CCMA 11 whose periphery 112 may at least partially coincide with or substantially coincide with at least one periphery 1412, 1422 of the ADL 141, 142 (eg, Figure 4 , 16a Alternatively or additionally, the CCMA 11 may be configured such that its perimeter 112 may be smaller than at least one of the perimeters 1412, 1422 of the ADLs 141, 142 (e.g. Fig.16c ). Of course, it is also conceivable that the above configuration exists not only partially, but also completely.

[0091] Alternatively or additionally, it is also generally conceivable to provide a CCMA 11 whose outer periphery 112 may be at least partially smaller than the inner periphery 131 of the frame 13 (e.g. Fig.16c Alternatively or additionally, the CCMA 11 may be configured such that its periphery 112 may be at least partially larger than the inner periphery 131 of the frame 13 but smaller than the outer periphery 132 of the frame (e.g. Figure 4 , 16a , 17 and 18). Of course, it is also conceivable that the above configuration exists not only partially, but also completely.

[0092] Alternatively or additionally, it is also generally conceivable to make the inner perimeter 1411, 1421 of at least one of the first ADL 141 and the second ADL 142 at least partially equal to or larger than the inner perimeter 131 of the frame 13 (e.g. Fig.14b , 16a, 17 and 18). Alternatively or additionally, the inner perimeter 1411, 1421 of at least one of the first ADL 141 and the second ADL 142 may be smaller than the inner perimeter 131 of the frame 13 (eg, Figure 4 , 14a , 16c, 17 and 18). Of course, it is also conceivable that the above configurations exist not only partially, but also completely.

[0093] Alternatively or additionally, it is generally also conceivable to provide a CCMA 11 which can include a catalyst layer arranged only in defined areas. Thus, an electrochemically active area 114 can be formed. Fig.18 142. The active area 114 may extend within an active area periphery 1142 on at least one of the sides of the CCMA 11. Thus, for example, the CCMA 11 may be completely coated with catalyst on one side and only partially coated with catalyst on the other side. Preferably, the active area 114 may be centrally arranged on the CCMA 11. Thus, a catalyst-free area 115 may exist outside the active area periphery 1142. Preferably, the active area periphery 1142 may be larger than the inner peripheries 1411, 1421 of the first ADL 141 and the second ADL 142. Alternatively or additionally, the active area periphery 1142 may be at least equal to or larger than the inner periphery 131 of the frame 13.

[0094] An embodiment of a method of manufacturing the above-mentioned MEFA 10 according to the present invention is described below by way of example.

[0095] Therein, the CCMA 11, the GDL 12, 121, 122 and the frame 13 are obtained. The frame 13 can preferably be obtained after the sealing element 1351 is integrated into the sealing section 135 of the frame 13. This can be done, for example, by injection molding.

[0096] A first ADL 141 and a second ADL 142 are also obtained. Figures 5 to 6b This step is exemplarily shown for the first ADL 141 . However, this step can also be used for the second ADL 142 .

[0097] In the cross-section and top view shown Figure 5 In FIG. 1 , the ADLs 141 and 142 are arranged on the carrier layers 16 , 161 , 162 , for example.

[0098] The opening 1415 is arranged along the Figure 6a The cut line shown is cut into the first ADL 141, and the inner periphery 1414 of the opening defines the inner periphery 1411 of the opening 1415. For example, a kiss cutting process can be used. The same method can be used for the second ADL 142, so that it has an opening 1425 and an inner periphery 1424. Figure 6bA top view of the resulting continuous film section of the first ADL 141 arranged on the carrier layer 161 is shown. Figure 6a Also shown along Figure 6b A cross section of line AA.

[0099] exist Figure 7a and 7b Schematically illustrating the steps of aligning and engaging the CCMA 11 with the first ADL 141. Figure 7a Shown along Figure 7b A cross section of line AA. Figure 7b A top view of the resulting continuous film section of the assembly produced in this processing step is shown.

[0100] exist Figure 8a shown in the Figure 7a and 7b The step of aligning and bonding the component with the second ADL 142 provided on the carrier layer 162. Figure 8b The resulting assembly is shown in a top view.

[0101] exist Figure 9a Shown in the completion Figure 8a and 8b The step of removing the carrier layer 161 from the first ADL 141 is followed by the step of removing the carrier layer 161 from the first ADL 141 . Figure 9b The resulting assembly is shown in a top view.

[0102] exist Fig.10a The first GDL 121 is shown in FIG. Figure 9a and 9b The steps of aligning and joining the components. Fig.10b The resulting assembly is shown in a top view.

[0103] exist Fig.11a 1 shows a step of cutting the first ADL 141, the second ADL 142, one of the GDLs 121 and the carrier layer 162 of the second ADL 142 along a cutting line CL. Preferably, the cutting line CL may extend parallel to the outer periphery 113 of the CCMA 11. Preferably, the assembly may be cut to the size of the one GDL 121. As a result of this cutting step, the peripheries 1412, 1422, 1212, 1222, 1622 of the components are co-bounded. Fig.11b The top view further shows that after this step, the continuous film is divided into a plurality of individual sub-components.

[0104] It is noted that at least all of the above steps may be accomplished as roll-to-roll process steps. The joined component having the first ADL 141 and / or the second ADL 142 may be obtained by activating the respective ADLs 141 , 142 by applying heat and / or pressure.

[0105] exist Fig.12 FIG. 4 shows that the carrier layer 162 of the second ADL 122 is removed.

[0106] exist Fig.13 The frame 13 including the sealing element 1351 is shown as an example. Fig.12 The steps for aligning and joining the components. Fig.13 In the embodiment, the frame 13 is aligned with the second ADL 142 in such a way that at least the connecting section 1423 extends beyond the inner circumference 131 of the frame 13 . Figures 14a-16c Various other configurations and arrangements of the components of MEFA 10 relative to each other are shown, as described in detail above. Preferably, Fig.13 The step may be a mounting process.

[0107] exist Fig.17 FIG. 4 shows the final step of aligning the second GDL 122 with the CCMA 11 and the frame 13 and bonding them by activating the second glue layer 142. Fig.17 It can be seen that the CCMA 11, one of the GDLs 121, the frame 13, the first ADL 141 and the second ADL 142 are aligned and arranged so that they overlap each other from the cross-section of the MEFA 10. It is also obvious that according to this configuration, the CCMA 11, the second ADL 142 and the other GDL 122 overlap each other at the connecting section 1423 of the second ADL 142 from the cross-section of the MEFA 10. Preferably, Fig.17 The step may be a mounting process.

[0108] The invention is not limited to the above described embodiments, as long as it lies within the scope of the appended claims.All features of the above described embodiments can be combined in any possible way and provided interchangeably.

[0109] Reference numerals list

[0110] 10 Membrane electrode assembly with frame

[0111] 11 Catalyst coated membrane modules

[0112] 112 Periphery of catalyst coated membrane module

[0113] 113 The outer periphery of the catalyst coated membrane module

[0114] 114 Active Area

[0115] 1142 Active area periphery

[0116] 115 Catalyst-free zone

[0117] 12 Gas Diffusion Layer

[0118] 121 One of the gas diffusion layers

[0119] 1212The periphery of one of the gas diffusion layers

[0120] 122 Another gas diffusion layer

[0121] 1222The outer periphery of another gas diffusion layer

[0122] 13 Framework

[0123] 131 Inner circumference of the frame

[0124] 132 Periphery of the frame

[0125] 135 Sealing section

[0126] 1351 Sealing element

[0127] Port 136

[0128] 141 First adhesive layer

[0129] 142 Second adhesive layer

[0130] 1411 The inner circumference of the first glue layer

[0131] 1412 The periphery of the first adhesive layer

[0132] 1414 Inner periphery of the opening of the first adhesive layer

[0133] 1415 Opening of the first adhesive layer

[0134] 1421 The inner circumference of the second glue layer

[0135] 1422 The outer periphery of the second adhesive layer

[0136] 1423 connection section

[0137] 1424 The inner periphery of the opening of the second adhesive layer

[0138] 1425 Opening of the second adhesive layer

[0139] 15 Edge segment

[0140] 16 Carrier layer

[0141] 161 Carrier layer of the first adhesive layer

[0142] 162 Carrier layer of the second adhesive layer

[0143] 1622 The outer periphery of the carrier layer of the second adhesive layer

[0144] CL Cutting Line

[0145] 900 Prior Art MEFA (Membrane Electrode Assembly with Frame)

[0146] 911 Prior art catalyst coated membrane assembly

[0147] 921 First Prior Art Gas Diffusion Layer

[0148] 922 Second Prior Art Gas Diffusion Layer

[0149] 929 Fracture

[0150] 930 Prior Art Framework

[0151] 931 First Prior Art Frame Part

[0152] 932 Second Prior Art Frame Part

[0153] 935 Seals of the prior art

[0154] 936 Second Prior Art Seal

[0155] 937 Fracture

[0156] 941 First Prior Art Adhesive Layer

[0157] 942 Second Prior Art Adhesive Layer

[0158] 943 The third prior art glue layer

[0159] 944 Fourth Prior Art Adhesive Layer

[0160] 949 Damaged Parts

Claims

1. A membrane electrode assembly (10) with a frame for a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack, comprising: - a catalyst coated membrane assembly (11), comprising o Anode catalyst layer, o cathode catalyst layer, and o Solid polymer membrane electrolyte, wherein the anode catalyst layer and the cathode catalyst layer are bonded to opposite sides of the solid polymer membrane electrolyte, - A gas diffusion layer (12, 121, 122) comprising o an anode gas diffusion layer adjacent to the anode catalyst layer of the catalyst coated membrane assembly (11), and o a cathode gas diffusion layer adjacent to the cathode catalyst layer of the catalyst coated membrane assembly (11), and - a frame (13) for supporting the catalyst coated membrane assembly (11), The frame (13) extends between an inner periphery (131) and an outer periphery (132) and includes a sealing section (135) for providing a sealing function. Its characteristics are: - a first adhesive layer (141) and a second adhesive layer (142), each adhesive layer (141, 142) extending between the inner periphery (1411, 1421) and the outer periphery (1412, 1422), The first adhesive layer (141) and the second adhesive layer (142) are bonded to opposite sides of the catalyst coated membrane assembly (11). The first adhesive layer (141) is located between the catalyst coated membrane assembly (11) and one of the gas diffusion layers (121), so that the first adhesive layer (141) bonds one of the gas diffusion layers (121) to the catalyst coated membrane assembly (11). The second adhesive layer (142) and the frame (13) are located between the catalyst coated membrane assembly (11) and another of the gas diffusion layers (122), such that the second adhesive layer (142) is adjacent to the catalyst coated membrane assembly (11) and the frame (13) is adjacent to the other of the gas diffusion layers (122). wherein the second adhesive layer (142) bonds the frame (13) to the catalyst coated membrane assembly (11), and The second adhesive layer (142) includes at least one connecting section (1423) at the inner periphery (1421), and the connecting section extends beyond the inner periphery (131) of the frame (13) to join the other gas diffusion layer (122) to the catalyst coated membrane assembly (11).

2. The membrane electrode assembly (10) with a frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing section (135) comprises a sealing element (1351) for providing a sealing function, wherein the sealing element (1351) is preferably provided integrally with the frame (13) and / or is preferably made of an elastomeric sealing material, and / or The sealing section (135) is located between the inner periphery (131) and the outer periphery (132) of the frame (13), and preferably extends at least partially along the outer periphery (132) of the frame (13).

3. The membrane electrode assembly (10) with frame according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The catalyst coated membrane assembly (11), the first adhesive layer (141), the second adhesive layer (142) and one of the gas diffusion layers (121) - Provided as membrane material, - joined to each other in a reel-to-reel process, and / or - After being joined together, at least part of the parts are cut to a specified size so that their outer peripheries (112, 1412, 1422, 1212) are aligned flush with each other.

4. The membrane electrode assembly (10) with frame according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The connecting section (1423) forms at least a portion of the inner periphery (1421) of the second adhesive layer (142) by at least partially or completely extending along the inner periphery (1421) of the second adhesive layer (142), and / or The connecting section (1423) is formed in such a way that the inner periphery (1421) of the second adhesive layer (142) is smaller than the inner periphery (131) of the frame (13) and smaller than the outer periphery (112) of the catalyst coated membrane assembly (11).

5. The membrane electrode assembly (10) with frame according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that comprising at least one edge section (15) at which - the sizes of the inner circumference (131) of the frame (13), the inner circumference (1421) of the second adhesive layer (142) and / or the inner circumference (1411) of the first adhesive layer (141) decrease in this order, - the inner periphery (131) of the frame (13), the inner periphery (1411) of the first adhesive layer (141) and the inner periphery (1421) of the second adhesive layer (142) are consistent or substantially consistent with each other, and / or The frame (13), the first adhesive layer (141) and the second adhesive layer (142) are aligned flush with each other along their inner peripheries (131, 1411, 1421).

6. The membrane electrode assembly (10) with frame according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The outer periphery (1412) of the first adhesive layer (141), the outer periphery (1422) of the second adhesive layer (142), the outer periphery (1212, 1222) of at least one of the gas diffusion layers (12, 121, 122), and preferably the outer periphery (112) of the catalyst coated membrane assembly (11) extend together, and / or The outer periphery (132) of the frame (13) extends beyond the outer periphery (112) of the catalyst coated membrane assembly (11), the outer periphery (1212, 1222) of the gas diffusion layer (12, 121, 122), the outer periphery (1412) of the first adhesive layer (141), and the outer periphery (1422) of the second adhesive layer (142).

7. The membrane electrode assembly (10) with frame according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that One of the gas diffusion layers (121) is an anode gas diffusion layer, At least one of the gas diffusion layers (12, 121, 122) comprises carbon fiber paper, The frame (13) includes a plurality of ports (136) for supplying and draining fluids to and from the fuel cell stack, and / or The frame (13) is a polyethylene naphthalate film.

8. The membrane electrode assembly (10) with frame according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The first adhesive layer (141) and / or the second adhesive layer (142) include a polymer selected from the group consisting of epoxy resin, polyurethane, polyisobutylene, polyolefin, polyethylene and a curable cross-linking agent.

9. A solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plurality of membrane electrode assemblies (10) with frames according to any one of the preceding claims which are stacked one on top of the other.

10. A method for manufacturing a membrane electrode assembly (10) with a frame according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising: - obtaining the catalyst coated membrane assembly (11), - obtaining the gas diffusion layer (12, 121, 122), - obtain the frame (13), Its characteristics are: - obtaining the first adhesive layer (141) and the second adhesive layer (142); - stacking the catalyst coated membrane assembly (11), the gas diffusion layer (12, 121, 122), the frame (13), the first adhesive layer (141) and the second adhesive layer (142) in the following manner, namely, o the first adhesive layer (141) and the second adhesive layer (142) are located on opposite sides of the catalyst coated membrane assembly (11); o the first adhesive layer (141) is located between the catalyst coated membrane assembly (11) and one of the gas diffusion layers (121); o the frame (13) and the second adhesive layer (142) are located between the catalyst coated membrane assembly (11) and another of the gas diffusion layers (122); o the second adhesive layer (142) is adjacent to the catalyst coated membrane assembly (11); and o the frame (13) is adjacent to another gas diffusion layer (122); - aligning the catalyst coated membrane assembly (11), the gas diffusion layer (12, 121, 122), the frame (13), the first adhesive layer (141) and the second adhesive layer (142) in the following manner, namely, o From the cross section of the membrane electrode assembly (10) with a frame, the catalyst coated membrane assembly (11), one of the gas diffusion layers (121), the frame (13), The first adhesive layer (141) and the second adhesive layer (142) at least partially overlap, and o From the cross section of the framed membrane electrode assembly (10), the catalyst coated membrane assembly (11), the second adhesive layer (142) and the other gas diffusion layer (122) overlap at least at the connection section (1423) of the second adhesive layer (142), and - activating the first adhesive layer (141) so that the first adhesive layer (141) bonds the one of the gas diffusion layers (121) to the catalyst coated membrane assembly (11), - activating the second adhesive layer (142) so that the second adhesive layer (142) bonds the catalyst coated membrane assembly (11) to the other gas diffusion layer (122) and the frame (13).

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that: The first and second adhesive layers (142) are respectively obtained on the carrier layers (16, 161, 162), and the method further comprises: - cutting openings (1415, 1425) in the first adhesive layer (141) and the second adhesive layer (142) respectively, wherein the inner peripheries (1414, 1424) of the openings define the inner peripheries (1411, 1421) of the openings (1415, 1425), After cutting and forming the respective openings (1415, 1425), removing the carrier layer (16, 161, 162) from the first glue layer (141) and the second glue layer (142).

12. The method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that: - The catalyst coated membrane assembly (11) is bonded to the first adhesive layer (141) and / or the second adhesive layer (142) by activating the respective adhesive layers (141, 142) under application of heat and / or pressure, preferably in a roll-to-roll process, wherein at least one of the support layers (16, 161, 162) is preferably removed after said bonding.

13. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that: - bonding said one of the gas diffusion layers (12, 121, 122) to the first glue layer (141) by activating the first glue layer (141), preferably under application of heat and / or pressure and more preferably in a roll-to-roll process, The activation is completed after removing the carrier layer (161) of the first adhesive layer (141) and before removing the carrier layer (162) of the second adhesive layer (142).

14. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that: - cutting the first adhesive layer (141), the second adhesive layer (142), one of the gas diffusion layers (121) and preferably the support layer (162) of the second adhesive layer (142) after being joined together along a cutting line (CL) which is consistent with or parallel to the outer periphery (113) of the catalyst coated membrane assembly (11), so that the obtained periphery (112, 1412, 1422, 1212, 1222, 1622) is co-boundary, - preferably after said cutting, removing the carrier layer (162) of the second glue layer (142) if any, - bonding the frame (13) to the catalyst coated membrane assembly (11) by activating the second glue layer (142), - before activating the second glue layer (142), aligning the other gas diffusion layer (12, 121, 122) with the inner periphery (131) of the frame (13), and / or - The other gas diffusion layer (12, 121, 122) is joined to the catalyst coated membrane assembly (11) by activating the second glue layer (142) at the connecting section (1423).

15. Use of the membrane electrode assembly (10) with frame according to any one of claims 1 to 8 or the solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack according to claim 9 for water electrolysis.

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