One-stage propagation method for hydrangea grandiflora

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrangea grandiflora cultivation, and provides a one-stage propagation method of hydrangea grandiflora, which comprises the following steps: fertilizing and disinfecting female parents, and disinfecting cultivation facilities; placing the fertilized and disinfected female parent in a high-humidity environment until dotted bulges or adventitious roots appear on branches of the female parent, and harvesting cutting slips; and transferring the rooted cutting slips into daily management and the like. According to the propagation method, branches which are about to generate adventitious roots or have generated adventitious roots are sheared into cutting slips, direct field planting is conducted, the cutting slips directly take roots in a culture medium, the steps of cutting propagation, cutting seedling transplanting and the like can be omitted, the rejuvenation period after seedling field planting does not exist, and plants grow more rapidly. Furthermore, the survival rate of the propagation method is 90% or above and is 10% or above higher than that of cutting propagation; by means of the method, it can be guaranteed that the survival rate of hydrangea grandiflora in summer is kept at a high level and is higher than that of cutting propagation by 15% or above; the method can also improve the survival rate of varieties not prone to rooting, and the survival rate is higher than that of cutting propagation by 15% or above.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hydrangea macrophylla cultivation, and in particular to a one-step propagation method of hydrangea macrophylla. Background Art

[0002] Hydrangea macrophylla is a plant of the genus Hydrangea in the family Saxifragaceae. It has a long history of cultivation and is a common spring and summer ornamental plant. The inflorescence of Hydrangea macrophylla is large and spherical, with bright and varied flower colors and compact and dense flower balls, which are of great ornamental value. In recent years, more and more varieties of Hydrangea macrophylla have flooded into the market, and home gardening has gradually emerged. Therefore, Hydrangea macrophylla has become more and more popular in landscape cultivation, potted planting and flower art applications.

[0003] In the prior art, potted hydrangeas generally adopt a two-stage cultivation method, that is, first cutting seedlings and then potting. Cutting seedlings use softwood cuttings, and the seedling growth time is long, generally requiring 40 to 50 days. At the same time, this cultivation method is greatly affected by the climate, and rot is prone to occur during the cutting process; it also has high requirements for facility conditions and the management level of the operator. If you are not careful, large-scale deaths will occur, disrupting the production plan and increasing production costs. Therefore, the field is in urgent need of a large-flowered hydrangea breeding method that is simple to operate, has a short seedling growth time, and has a high survival rate. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a one-step propagation method for hydrangea grandiflora, which utilizes the strong tolerance of hydrangea grandiflora to high humidity environment to realize the formation of root primordium and even root system of mother branch, and then cuts the branches that are about to produce or have produced adventitious roots into cuttings, which are directly planted, and the cuttings take root directly in the cultivation medium, so that the one-step potted production of hydrangea grandiflora can be realized, and the method has the advantages of simple operation, short seedling time and high survival rate.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a one-step propagation method of hydrangea macrophylla, comprising the following steps:

[0007] (1) Fertilize and disinfect the mother plant and disinfect the cultivation facilities;

[0008] (2) placing the fertilized and disinfected mother plant in a high humidity environment until dot-like protrusions or adventitious roots appear on the branches of the mother plant, and then harvesting the cuttings;

[0009] (3) planting the cuttings in a cultivation medium and performing planting management until the cuttings take root;

[0010] (4) Carry out daily management after the cuttings take root.

[0011] Preferably, the length of the branches of the mother plant in step (1) is 10 to 50 cm;

[0012] The temperature of the cultivation facility is 20-40°C.

[0013] Preferably, the fertilization method is: applying slow-release fertilizer to the mother plant at a rate of 10 to 20 g / plant.

[0014] Preferably, the disinfection method is: 4 to 6 days after the mother plant is fertilized, a broad-spectrum fungicide is used to disinfect the mother plant; the broad-spectrum fungicide includes one or more of procymidone, thiophanate-methyl, carbendazim and chlorobromoisocyanuric acid.

[0015] Preferably, the relative air humidity of the high humidity environment in step (2) is 90-100%; the start time of placing the fertilized and disinfected mother plant in the high humidity environment is 1-3 days after disinfection, and the duration of placing the fertilized and disinfected mother plant in the high humidity environment is 17-23 days.

[0016] Preferably, the method for harvesting the cuttings is: selecting a mother plant branch with dot-like protrusions or adventitious roots, cutting off 1 to 6 nodes as one cutting, leaving 2 to 10 leaves on each cutting, and each leaf retaining 1 / 3 to 1 of the original leaf area.

[0017] Preferably, the cultivation medium in step (3) comprises the following raw materials in parts by volume: 1 to 3 parts of peat and 0.8 to 1.2 parts of perlite.

[0018] Preferably, the method of planting management is: controlling the temperature at 20-40°C; covering the cuttings with a sunshade net with a sunshade rate of 60-70%; watering once every 3-7 days to maintain the moisture content of the cultivation medium at 40-80%.

[0019] Preferably, the daily management method in step (4) is: applying slow-release fertilizer at a rate of 5 to 10 g / plant; covering with a shade net with a shading rate of 60 to 70% from May to October; and maintaining the moisture content of the cultivation substrate at 40 to 80%.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. The propagation method of the present invention realizes the one-stage potted production of Hydrangea macrophylla. The processed cuttings are directly planted in the cultivation medium, and the rooting and growth are completed in the cultivation medium, which saves the step of cutting propagation. It does not require agricultural materials such as plug trays and substrates for cutting propagation, and reduces the use of labor. More importantly, the survival rate of Hydrangea macrophylla using this propagation method is above 90%, which is more than 10% higher than the survival rate of cutting propagation. Especially in the high temperature in summer, cutting propagation is prone to cutting rot, resulting in a significant decrease in survival rate. This propagation method can ensure that the survival rate in summer is also maintained at a high level, which is 15% higher than the survival rate of cutting propagation; it also has a significant effect on improving the survival rate of Hydrangea macrophylla varieties that are not easy to root, which is more than 15% higher than the survival rate of cutting propagation.

[0022] 2. The propagation method of the present invention eliminates the step of transplanting cuttings, and the root system does not need to adapt to the new cultivation medium and growth environment again. There is no slow seedling period after the seedlings are planted. In the same period of time, the growth indicators of the plant height, aboveground dry weight, underground dry weight, etc. are significantly better than those of the general method. Thereby shortening the cultivation time of the finished flower, while saving production costs, the market can be responded to more quickly. In short, the propagation method of the present invention can reduce the difficulty of hydrangea propagation, improve the survival rate of propagation, reduce the use of agricultural materials, greenhouses and labor, and improve the output rate. It is an effective means to drive the development of the hydrangea industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 The branches of the mother plant that have dot-like protrusions after treatment;

[0024] Figure 2 For the trimmed cuttings;

[0025] Figure 3 For rooting cuttings;

[0026] Figure 4 The effect of different cultivation methods on the growth of Hydrangea macrophylla, from top to bottom, the varieties are 'Endless Summer', 'Miss Saori', and 'Red Lila'; the 3 plants on the left side of each variety photo are examples, and the 3 plants on the right side are comparison examples. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention provides a one-step propagation method of hydrangea macrophylla, comprising the following steps:

[0028] (1) Fertilize and disinfect the mother plant and disinfect the cultivation facilities;

[0029] (2) placing the fertilized and disinfected mother plant in a high humidity environment until dot-like protrusions or adventitious roots appear on the branches of the mother plant, and then harvesting the cuttings;

[0030] (3) planting the cuttings in a cultivation medium and performing planting management until the cuttings take root;

[0031] (4) Carry out daily management after the cuttings take root.

[0032] In the present invention, the length of the branches of the mother plant in step (1) is preferably 10 to 50 cm, more preferably 20 to 40 cm, and even more preferably 28 to 32 cm; the temperature of the cultivation facility is preferably 20 to 40°C, and even more preferably 28 to 32°C.

[0033] In the present invention, the fertilization method in step (1) is preferably: applying a slow-release fertilizer to the mother plant at a standard of 10 to 20 g / plant, more preferably 12 to 17 g / plant, and further preferably 14 g / plant; the N-P2O5-K2O ratio of the slow-release fertilizer is 14-14-14.

[0034] In the present invention, the method of disinfection in step (1) is preferably: 4 to 6 days after the mother plant is fertilized, the mother plant is disinfected with a broad-spectrum fungicide, and more preferably 5 days after the mother plant is fertilized; the broad-spectrum fungicide includes one or more of procymidone, carbendazim, thiophanate-methyl and chlorobromoisocyanuric acid.

[0035] In the present invention, the relative air humidity of the high humidity environment in step (2) is preferably 90-100%, and more preferably 100%; the start time of placing the fertilized and disinfected mother plant in the high humidity environment is preferably 1-3 days after disinfection, and more preferably 2 days after disinfection; the duration of placing the fertilized and disinfected mother plant in the high humidity environment is preferably 17-23 days, and more preferably 20 days.

[0036] In the present invention, the method of placing the fertilized and disinfected mother plant in a high humidity environment in step (2) is preferably: stop ventilation when the temperature is 24-26°C in the afternoon, close the facilities, spray water on the mother plant for 3-5 minutes, more preferably 4 minutes, and ventilate the next day when the temperature is 29-31°C; the water spraying device is preferably a rotary nozzle with a spraying radius of 0.5-1.5m and a working flow rate of 40-60L / h, more preferably a rotary nozzle with a spraying radius of 1m and a working flow rate of 50L / h.

[0037] In the present invention, the method for harvesting the cuttings in step (2) is preferably: selecting a mother plant branch with point-like protrusions or adventitious roots, cutting off 1 to 6 nodes as one cutting, more preferably 2 to 5 nodes, leaving 2 to 10 leaves on each cutting, more preferably 4 to 8 leaves, and each leaf retaining 1 / 3 to 1 of the original leaf area, more preferably 1 / 2; the length of the cutting is preferably 5 to 7 cm, more preferably 6 cm.

[0038] In the present invention, the cultivation medium in step (3) preferably comprises the following raw materials in parts by volume: 1 to 3 parts of peat, more preferably 1.3 to 2.5 parts, and even more preferably 2.0 parts; 0.8 to 1.2 parts of perlite, more preferably 0.9 to 1.1 parts, and even more preferably 1.0 parts.

[0039] In the present invention, the method of planting management in step (3) is preferably: the temperature is controlled at 20-40°C, more preferably at 24-36°C, and more preferably at 29-31°C; a shade net with a shading rate of 60-70% is covered above the cuttings, and more preferably at 65%; watering is preferably performed once every 3-7 days, more preferably once every 4-6 days, and more preferably once every 5 days, and the moisture content of the cultivation medium is maintained at 40-80%, more preferably 50-70%, and more preferably 64-69%.

[0040] In the present invention, the daily management method in step (4) is preferably: applying slow-release fertilizer at a standard of 5 to 10 g / plant, more preferably 7 g / plant; the ratio of N-P2O5-K2O in the slow-release fertilizer is preferably 14-14-14; covering with a shade net with a shading rate of 60 to 70% from May to October, more preferably a shading net with a shading rate of 65%; maintaining the moisture content of the cultivation substrate at 40 to 80%, more preferably 50 to 70%, and even more preferably 64 to 69%.

[0041] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0042] Three cultivation comparison tests were conducted on May 10, June 10, and July 10, 2024. The comparative example is a conventional two-stage propagation method of large-flowered hydrangea, and the embodiment is a one-stage propagation method of large-flowered hydrangea of ​​the present invention. The large-flowered hydrangea cutting varieties are 'Endless Summer', 'Miss Saori' and 'Red Lila', among which 'Endless Summer' and 'Miss Saori' are easy to survive by cutting, and the survival rate of cutting is high, while 'Red Lila' is not easy to root by cutting, and the survival rate of cutting is lower than that of the other two varieties.

[0043] The dot-like protrusions described in the present invention are: the formation of root primordia is induced by a high humidity environment, the root primordia continue to divide and grow, and differentiate into growth points and root caps. The growth points continue to grow and the substances secreted by the root caps dissolve the epidermal cells, and then dot-like protrusions appear on the branches, which then develop into adventitious roots.

[0044] Dense dot-like protrusions: 10 or more dot-like protrusions appear concentrated on a branch.

[0045] A small number of dot-like protrusions: 1 to 5 dot-like protrusions appear scattered on a branch.

[0046] The slow-release fertilizer used in the examples, embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention was purchased from Shanghai Yongtong Ecological Engineering Co., Ltd., and N-P2O5-K2O in the slow-release fertilizer was 14-14-14;

[0047] The procymidone-chlorothalonil fumigant used in the examples, embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention was purchased from Shandong Xinxing Pesticide Co., Ltd. The total active ingredient content of the procymidone-chlorothalonil fumigant was 15%, the active ingredient content of chlorothalonil was 12%, and the active ingredient content of procymidone was 3%.

[0048] Example

[0049] For each variety, 30 plants with healthy growth and uniform growth were selected as mother plants. Each plant was given 14g of slow-release fertilizer. After 5 days, the mother plants were treated with procymidone-chlorothalonil fumigant, and 300g of procymidone-chlorothalonil fumigant was used per mu. The mother plant treatment process was as follows: every afternoon when the temperature was 25℃, the greenhouse was closed, the mother plants were sprayed with water for 4 minutes, and the next day when the temperature reached 30℃, ventilation was carried out. After 20 days of treatment, dot-like protrusions appeared on the branches of the mother plants ( Figure 1 ), cut off the mother branch with dot-like protrusions, and obtain cuttings: take the top 4 to 6 nodes as one cutting, leave 6 to 8 leaves on each cutting, and each leaf retains 1 / 3 to 1 of the original leaf area. Each cutting is 6 cm long. Prune 216 cuttings and place the cut cuttings ( Figure 2 ) were planted in flower pots with an upper diameter of 10 cm. The cultivation medium was a mixture of peat and perlite in a volume ratio of 2:1. After planting, they were placed in a greenhouse, with 72 plants in one plot, and a total of 3 plots were planted. After planting, a shade net with a shading rate of 60-70% was covered, the temperature was controlled at 20-35℃, and the moisture content of the cultivation medium was maintained at 64-69%. The cuttings took root 10 days after planting ( Figure 3 ), 7g slow-release fertilizer was applied to each pot after rooting, and the survival rate and plant growth data were calculated 40 days after planting. The test results are shown in Figure 4 Middle left, data see Table 1.

[0050] Comparative Example

[0051] For each variety, 30 plants with strong growth and uniform growth were selected as mother plants. Each plant was given 14g of slow-release fertilizer. After 5 days, the mother plants were treated with the fumigant of procymidone and thiophanate-methyl. 300g of procymidone and thiophanate-methyl fumigant was used per mu. Cut branches from the mother plant, take 4 to 6 nodes at the top as one cutting, leave 6 to 8 leaves on each cutting, and each leaf retains 1 / 3 to 1 of the original leaf area. Each cutting is 6cm long. Soak the trimmed cuttings in the rooting solution for 5 minutes and then insert them into the substrate. The formula of the rooting solution is 10mg / L naphthaleneacetic acid + 10mg / L indolebutyric acid + 0.1mg / L triacontanol, and the cutting substrate is coconut bran and perlite in a volume ratio of 2:1. Use 72-hole trays for cuttings, and 3 trays for cuttings. Spray water 2 to 4 times a day after cuttings, and plant after 40 days of cuttings. The planting matrix is ​​a mixture of peat and perlite in a volume ratio of 2:1. After planting, 7g of slow-release fertilizer is applied to each pot. After planting, cover the plant with a shading net with a shading rate of 60-70%, control the temperature at 20-35°C, and maintain the water content of the matrix at 64-69%. After 20 days of planting, the survival rate and plant growth data are statistically analyzed together with the examples. The test results are shown in Figure 4 Middle right, data see Table 1.

[0052] Table 1 Effects of different cultivation methods on the survival and growth of Hydrangea macrophylla

[0053]

[0054]

[0055] As shown in Table 1, the survival rate of the comparative example at the appropriate time (May 10, June 10) was relatively high (77.77% to 84.72%), and the survival rate dropped significantly (56.94% to 75.46%) at high temperature (July 10), while the survival rate of the embodiment exceeded 90% in different batches, which was more than 10% higher than that of the comparative example, and the survival rate at high temperature in summer was more than 15% higher than that of the comparative example; for the variety that was not easy to root ('Red Lila'), the survival rate of the embodiment was more than 15% higher than that of the comparative example; the plant height, aboveground fresh weight and underground fresh weight data of different batches of the embodiment were all higher than those of the comparative example, and the growth rate of the plant was faster.

[0056] Experimental example

[0057] On June 10, using 'Miss Saori' as the material, an experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different durations of water spraying on the survival of cuttings. Five treatment groups were set up, with water spraying for 14d, 17d, 20d, 23d and 26d. After treatment, the cuttings were pruned, the state of the cuttings was observed, and the cuttings were planted. The survival rate of the cuttings was calculated 20 days after planting. Each treatment group treated 20 mother plants and planted 60 plants. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0058] Table 2 Effects of different water spraying durations on cutting survival rate

[0059] Processing time (d) Cutting status Cutting survival rate (%) 14 No obvious punctate protrusions or adventitious roots are observed on the branches 81.67 17 A small number of dot-like protrusions appeared on the branches, but no adventitious roots were seen. 91.67 20 The branches have dense dot-like protrusions, but no adventitious roots are seen. 93.33 23 The branches have dense dot-like protrusions and a small number of adventitious roots 93.33 26 The branches have dense dot-like protrusions and adventitious roots 91.67

[0060] As shown in Table 2, at 14 days after treatment, although no punctate protrusions were seen on the mother plant branches, the root primordium had been formed, and the cuttings also had a high survival rate; at 20 days after treatment, obvious punctate protrusions appeared on the branches, and the survival rate of the cuttings exceeded 90%, which can be regarded as the optimal time.

[0061] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the present invention provides a one-step propagation method for large-flowered hydrangea, including: fertilizing and disinfecting the mother plant, and disinfecting the cultivation facilities; placing the fertilized and disinfected mother plant in a high humidity environment until point-like protrusions or adventitious roots appear on the branches of the mother plant, harvesting the cuttings; transferring the rooted cuttings to daily management and other steps. The propagation method cuts the branches that are about to or have produced adventitious roots into cuttings, directly plants them, and the cuttings directly take root in the cultivation medium, which can save the steps of cutting propagation and transplanting cutting seedlings, and there is no slow seedling period after seedling planting, and the plant grows faster. Further, the survival rate of the propagation method is above 90%, which is more than 10% higher than that of cutting propagation; the method can ensure that the survival rate of large-flowered hydrangea is also maintained at a high level in summer, which is more than 15% higher than that of cutting propagation; the method can also improve the survival rate of varieties that are not easy to root, which is more than 15% higher than that of cutting propagation.

[0062] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A one-step propagation method for Hydrangea macrophylla, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Fertilize and disinfect the mother plant and disinfect the cultivation facilities; (2) placing the fertilized and disinfected mother plant in a high humidity environment until dot-like protrusions or adventitious roots appear on the branches of the mother plant, and then harvesting the cuttings; (3) planting the cuttings in a cultivation medium and performing planting management until the cuttings take root; (4) Carry out daily management after the cuttings take root.

2. The breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step (1), the length of the branches of the mother plant is 10 to 50 cm, and the temperature of the cultivation facility is 20 to 40°C.

3. The breeding method according to claim 2, characterized in that The method of fertilizing in step (1) is: applying a slow-release fertilizer to the mother plant at a rate of 10 to 20 g / plant.

4. The breeding method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The disinfection method in step (1) is: 4 to 6 days after the mother plant is fertilized, a broad-spectrum fungicide is used to disinfect the mother plant; the broad-spectrum fungicide includes one or more of procymidone, thiophanate-methyl, carbendazim and chlorobromoisocyanuric acid.

5. The breeding method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The relative air humidity of the high humidity environment in step (2) is 90-100%; the start time of placing the fertilized and disinfected mother plant in the high humidity environment is 1-3 days after disinfection; the duration of placing the fertilized and disinfected mother plant in the high humidity environment is 17-23 days.

6. The breeding method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method for harvesting the cuttings in step (2) is as follows: select a mother plant branch with dot-like protrusions or adventitious roots, cut off 1 to 6 nodes as one cutting, leave 2 to 10 leaves on each cutting, and each leaf retains 1 / 3 to 1 of the original leaf area.

7. The breeding method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cultivation medium in step (3) comprises the following raw materials in parts by volume: 1 to 3 parts of peat and 0.8 to 1.2 parts of perlite.

8. The breeding method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method of planting management described in step (3) is: controlling the temperature at 20-40° C.; covering the cuttings with a shading net with a shading rate of 60-70%; watering once every 3-7 days to maintain the moisture content of the cultivation medium at 40-80%.

9. The breeding method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The daily management method in step (4) is: applying slow-release fertilizer at a standard of 5 to 10 g / plant; covering with a sunshade net with a sunshade rate of 60 to 70% from May to October; and maintaining the moisture content of the cultivation substrate at 40 to 80%.

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