Spiral tube rectifying column

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rectifying tower structures, in particular to a spiral pipe rectifying column which comprises a box body, a hollow spiral pipe arranged in the box body and a heat preservation layer arranged between the box body and the hollow spiral pipe, and the hollow spiral pipe is obliquely arranged. Therefore, a spiral tube rectifying column technology is introduced to solve the problems that high tower rectification of isotopes is limited by sites, and extremely high tower plates are needed due to tiny volatility in separation, frequent regeneration is needed due to insufficient complexing adsorption separation continuity, centrifugal separation equipment is expensive and high in separation cost, and diffusion separation is low in efficiency and high in cost. The invention aims to effectively solve the technical bottleneck of the traditional method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of distillation tower structures, and more specifically, to a spiral tube distillation column. Background Art

[0002] Distillation is a very important chemical separation technology. However, when separating isotopes, the relative volatility of isotopes is very small, and the requirement for the number of distillation plates is very high. Conventional distillation cannot solve this problem. Usually, chemical exchange distillation (heavy water, boron-11), complex adsorption separation (boron-11), centrifugal separation (germanium-72), diffusion separation, high tower distillation (carbon-13), etc. are used.

[0003] However, conventional separation methods have different disadvantages: chemical exchange distillation, large amount of exchange agent, poor system stability, high energy consumption, relatively tall distillation tower, only suitable for substances with relatively small atomic number; complex adsorption separation, poor continuity, frequent regeneration required; centrifugal separation, high equipment requirements, large equipment investment, high separation cost; diffusion separation, low separation coefficient, high separation cost; high tower distillation, very high distillation tower height, limited site, etc. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on the above problems, the present application proposes a spiral tube distillation column to solve the technical problems of isotopes: "high tower distillation is limited by site conditions, and separation requires an extremely high number of plates due to its small volatility", "complexation adsorption separation has insufficient continuity and requires frequent regeneration", "centrifugal separation equipment is expensive and the separation cost is high", and "diffusion separation efficiency is low and the cost is high".

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A spiral tube distillation column comprises a box body, a hollow spiral tube arranged in the box body, and a heat-insulating layer arranged between the box body and the hollow spiral tube, wherein the hollow spiral tube is arranged obliquely.

[0007] In a specific possible implementation manner, a liquid-philic layer is disposed below the inner wall of the hollow spiral tube, and a liquid-phobic layer is disposed above the inner wall of the hollow spiral tube.

[0008] In a specific implementation manner, the diameter of the hollow spiral tube is 3 mm to 20 mm.

[0009] In a specific embodiment, the liquid-philic layer is made by sintering copper powder with a particle size of 10 μm.

[0010] In a specific embodiment, the insulation layer between the box body and the hollow spiral tube is made of conventional polyurethane foam.

[0011] In a specific embodiment, the liquid-phobic layer is a perfluorinated coating.

[0012] In a specific embodiment, the pitch of the hollow spiral tube is (2 to 5) times the diameter of the hollow spiral tube.

[0013] In a specific embodiment, the spiral middle diameter of the hollow spiral tube is (10 to 50) times the diameter of the hollow spiral tube.

[0014] Positive effects of the present invention:

[0015] The present invention utilizes a hollow spiral distillation column, which changes the traditional way of exchanging the up and down flow directions of distillation liquid and gas, and exchanges them in a spiral channel, thereby extending the gas-liquid exchange time and the length of the exchange channel, greatly reducing the theoretical plate height of the distillation column, and greatly improving the distillation efficiency. It plays an important role in the separation of products with high separation requirements and small production capacity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hollow spiral tube of the present invention;

[0019] Description of Reference Numerals

[0020] 1. Box body; 2. Hollow spiral tube; 3. Insulation layer; 4. Liquid-philic layer; 5. Liquid-phobic layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] like Figure 1 and 2As shown, it includes a box body 1, a hollow spiral tube 2 arranged in the box body 1, and an insulation layer 3 arranged between the box body 1 and the hollow spiral tube 2. The hollow spiral tube 2 is arranged obliquely, the distillation column is 10m high, and the wall thickness of the hollow spiral tube 2 is 1mm.

[0024] A liquid-philic layer 4 is disposed below the inner wall of the hollow spiral tube 2 , and a liquid-repellent layer 5 is disposed above the inner wall of the hollow spiral tube 2 .

[0025] The liquid-philic layer 4 is made by sintering copper powder with a particle size of 10 μm.

[0026] The heat-insulating layer 3 between the box body 1 and the hollow spiral tube 2 is made of conventional polyurethane foam.

[0027] The liquid-repellent layer 5 is a perfluorinated coating;

[0028] Hollow spiral tube 2 has a diameter of 3mm, a pitch of 6mm, and a spiral middle diameter of 30mm. Naturally abundant germanium tetrafluoride is added to the distillation tower for total reflux, the distillation pressure is 0.1MPa, and the pressure difference between the tower top and the tower bottom is about 30% of the pressure difference at the flooding point. 169 tower plates are measured, and the tower plate height is 3.6mm. Metal mesh θ packing at the same height and other operating conditions The number of tower plates is 22.

[0029] Example 2

[0030] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, it includes a box body 1, a hollow spiral tube 2 arranged in the box body 1, and an insulation layer 3 arranged between the box body 1 and the hollow spiral tube 2. The hollow spiral tube 2 is arranged obliquely, the distillation column is 10m high, and the wall thickness of the hollow spiral tube 2 is 1mm.

[0031] A liquid-philic layer 4 is disposed below the inner wall of the hollow spiral tube 2 , and a liquid-repellent layer 5 is disposed above the inner wall of the hollow spiral tube 2 .

[0032] The liquid-philic layer 4 is made by sintering copper powder with a particle size of 10 μm.

[0033] The heat-insulating layer 3 between the box body 1 and the hollow spiral tube 2 is made of conventional polyurethane foam.

[0034] The liquid-repellent layer 5 is a perfluorinated coating;

[0035] Hollow spiral tube 2 has a diameter of 20 mm, a pitch of 100 mm, and a spiral middle diameter of 1000 mm. Naturally abundant germanium tetrafluoride is added to the distillation tower for total reflux, the distillation pressure is 0.1 MPa, and the pressure difference between the tower top and the tower bottom is about 30% of the pressure difference at the flooding point. 628 tower plates are measured, and the theoretical tower plate height is 15.9 mm. Metal mesh θ packing at the same height and other operating conditions The number of tower plates is 362.

[0036] Example 3

[0037] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, this embodiment is the optimal embodiment, including a box body 1, a hollow spiral tube 2 arranged in the box body 1, and an insulation layer 3 arranged between the box body 1 and the hollow spiral tube 2, the hollow spiral tube 2 is arranged obliquely, the distillation column is 10m high, and the wall thickness of the hollow spiral tube 2 is 1mm.

[0038] A liquid-philic layer 4 is disposed below the inner wall of the hollow spiral tube 2 , and a liquid-repellent layer 5 is disposed above the inner wall of the hollow spiral tube 2 .

[0039] The liquid-philic layer 4 is made by sintering copper powder with a particle size of 10 μm.

[0040] The heat-insulating layer 3 between the box body 1 and the hollow spiral tube 2 is made of conventional polyurethane foam.

[0041] The liquid-repellent layer 5 is a perfluorinated coating;

[0042] Hollow spiral tube 2 has a diameter of 5 mm, a pitch of 10 mm, and a spiral middle diameter of 250 mm. Naturally abundant germanium tetrafluoride is added to the distillation tower for total reflux, the distillation pressure is 0.1 MPa, and the pressure difference between the tower top and the tower bottom is about 30% of the pressure difference at the flooding point. The theoretical tower has 1588 plates and the theoretical plate height is 0.6 mm. Metal mesh θ packing at the same height and other operating conditions The number of plates is 36. During distillation, the liquid forms a liquid film spiral from the lower side of the inner wall of the hollow spiral tube 2 and flows downward, and the gas flows upward from the gas phase space, and the gas and liquid phases contact each other in reverse and exchange substances and energy. Since the hollow spiral tube 2 is inclined, the speed of the liquid flowing downward is greatly reduced, and the flow is maintained at a uniform speed. At the same time, since the hollow spiral tube 2 is inclined, the gas-liquid exchange channel is also greatly lengthened, and the theoretical plate height is greatly reduced. The distillation system uses a natural abundance of germanium tetrafluoride distillation system to prepare germanium tetrafluoride-72 for isotope separation verification.

[0043] Since there is a liquid-philic particle coating on the lower side of the hollow spiral tube 2 and a liquid-repellent coating on the upper side of the hollow spiral tube 2, the liquid is retained in the lower part of the hollow spiral tube 2 due to surface tension when it flows downward, and the gas-liquid channel will not be blocked by condensation and irregular flow.

[0044] Finally, it should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0045] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A spiral tube distillation column, characterized in that: It comprises a box body (1), a hollow spiral tube (2) arranged in the box body (1), and a heat-insulating layer (3) arranged between the box body (1) and the hollow spiral tube (2), wherein the hollow spiral tube (2) is arranged obliquely.

2. A spiral tube distillation column according to claim 1, characterized in that: A liquid-philic layer (4) is arranged below the inner wall of the hollow spiral tube (2), and a liquid-repellent layer (5) is arranged above the inner wall of the hollow spiral tube (2).

3. A spiral tube distillation column according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the hollow spiral tube (2) is 3 mm to 20 mm.

4. A spiral tube distillation column according to claim 2, characterized in that: The liquid-philic layer (4) is made by sintering copper powder with a particle size of 10 μm.

5. A spiral tube distillation column according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat-insulating layer (3) between the box body (1) and the hollow spiral tube (2) is made of conventional polyurethane foam.

6. A spiral tube distillation column according to claim 2, characterized in that: The liquid-repellent layer (5) is a perfluorinated coating.

7. The spiral tube distillation column according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pitch of the hollow spiral tube (2) is (2 to 5) times the diameter of the hollow spiral tube (2).

8. The spiral tube distillation column according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral middle diameter of the hollow spiral tube (2) is (10 to 50) times the diameter of the hollow spiral tube (2).

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