Pyrolysis gas waste heat reuse-based photovoltaic laminated piece pyrolysis and decarburization integrated system

Abstract

The invention provides a pyrolysis gas waste heat reuse-based photovoltaic laminated part pyrolysis decarburization integrated system, which comprises a pyrolysis decarburization furnace, a transmission chain plate and a heat exchanger, a gas inlet of the pyrolysis decarburization furnace is connected with a carrier gas switching valve so as to switch carrier gas introduced into a pyrolysis decarburization cavity, and a heating device is arranged in the pyrolysis decarburization cavity; the transmission chain plate penetrates through a feeding hole and a discharging hole of the pyrolysis carbon removal furnace; a gas inlet of the heat exchanger is connected with a gas outlet of the pyrolysis decarburization furnace, the heat exchanger comprises a heat exchange pipe, and the heat exchange pipe is inserted into the pyrolysis decarburization cavity so as to perform auxiliary heating on the pyrolysis decarburization cavity. According to the invention, switching between the pyrolysis process and the decarburization process can be realized, the pyrolysis process and the decarburization process are integrated, equipment integration is realized, and the occupied area and the equipment cost are reduced. By arranging the heat exchanger, heat of pyrolysis gas can be reused in the decarburization process, energy consumption is reduced, and heat recycling is achieved while pyrolysis decarburization equipment is integrated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic pyrolysis, and in particular to an integrated system for pyrolysis and decarburization of photovoltaic laminates based on reuse of waste heat from pyrolysis gas. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic modules are generally composed of aluminum frames, junction boxes, tempered glass, EVA film crystalline silicon cells and TPT backboards. Whole photovoltaic panels refer to the tempered glass panels (whole pieces), EVA film crystalline silicon cells and TPT backboards after the aluminum frames and junction boxes are separated from the photovoltaic modules.

[0003] The chain plate type pyrolysis device is the basis of photovoltaic pyrolysis. The existing chain plate type pyrolysis device includes a chain plate and a feed inlet and outlet. The chain plate is located below the feed inlet. The existing pyrolysis device uses fuel (such as natural gas) or thermocouples to generate high-temperature heat sources to provide the energy required for pyrolysis for the entire pyrolysis device. The pyrolysis temperature is usually ≥500℃, and an inert gas (such as high nitrogen) is required as a carrier gas during the pyrolysis process.

[0004] After pyrolysis, photovoltaic modules usually have a high amount of residual carbon, which needs to be removed by high-temperature oxidation. The decarbonization process also requires heating (≥500°C) and requires oxygen or air as a carrier gas. It is important to note that the EVA film and backplane materials of photovoltaic modules contain fluorine elements. The fluorine-containing pyrolysis gas produced after pyrolysis is corrosive and should be accompanied by environmental protection treatment measures.

[0005] The pyrolysis and decarbonization processes are two consecutive and independent processes, which require the installation of a pyrolysis device and a decarbonization device respectively, occupying a large space. Moreover, the heat energy required for pyrolysis and decarbonization is provided separately, resulting in high energy consumption. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent. To this end, an embodiment of the present invention provides a photovoltaic laminate pyrolysis decarburization integrated system based on pyrolysis gas waste heat reuse, which can achieve pyrolysis decarburization integration and reduce energy consumption.

[0007] An embodiment of the present invention proposes an integrated pyrolysis decarburization system for photovoltaic laminates based on the reuse of pyrolysis gas waste heat, including: a pyrolysis decarburization furnace, a transmission chain plate and a heat exchanger, the pyrolysis decarburization furnace having a pyrolysis decarburization chamber and a feed port, a discharge port, an air inlet and an air outlet connected to the pyrolysis decarburization chamber, the feed port and the discharge port of the pyrolysis decarburization furnace are both connected to an openable and closable sealed door, the air inlet of the pyrolysis decarburization furnace is connected to a carrier gas switching valve to switch the carrier gas into the pyrolysis decarburization chamber, and a heating device is provided in the pyrolysis decarburization chamber; the transmission chain plate passes through the feed port and the discharge port of the pyrolysis decarburization furnace; the heat exchanger has an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the air outlet of the pyrolysis decarburization furnace, the heat exchanger includes a heat exchange tube, the heat exchange tube is inserted into the pyrolysis decarburization chamber to assist in heating the pyrolysis decarburization chamber, and the air outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to an exhaust pipe.

[0008] In some embodiments, a post-burner is connected between the air inlet of the heat exchanger and the air outlet of the pyrolysis decarburization furnace. The post-burner has a pyrolysis gas inlet, a post-burner air inlet and an air outlet. The pyrolysis gas inlet of the post-burner is connected to the air outlet of the pyrolysis decarburization furnace, the air outlet of the post-burner is connected to the air inlet of the heat exchanger, and the post-burner air inlet of the post-burner is suitable for introducing air required for combustion into the post-burner.

[0009] In some embodiments, a gas purification mechanism is connected between the gas outlet of the afterburner and the gas inlet of the heat exchanger to purify the pyrolysis gas to be utilized.

[0010] In some embodiments, the gas purification mechanism is filled with a defluorination adsorbent.

[0011] In some embodiments, the defluorination adsorbent is an activated alumina adsorbent.

[0012] In some embodiments, the heating device is a radiant heat pipe.

[0013] In some embodiments, the heating device is connected to a first regulating valve to regulate the heat of the heating device, and the heat exchange tube is connected to a second regulating valve to regulate the heat of the heat exchange tube.

[0014] In some embodiments, the heating device is connected to a first thermocouple, the air outlet of the afterburner is connected to a second thermocouple, and the heat exchange medium outlet of the heat exchange tube is connected to a third thermocouple.

[0015] In some embodiments, the exhaust pipe is connected to an exhaust gas treatment device.

[0016] In some embodiments, the gas purification mechanism includes a first gas purification mechanism and a second gas purification mechanism, the first gas purification mechanism and the second gas purification mechanism are connected in parallel between the afterburner and the heat exchanger, and the connection between the first gas purification mechanism or the second gas purification mechanism is controlled by switching the control valve. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0018] in:

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an integrated system for pyrolysis and decarburization of photovoltaic laminates based on the reuse of waste heat from pyrolysis gas in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Reference numerals:

[0021] 1. Conveying chain plate; 2. Sealing door; 3. Pyrolysis decarbonization furnace; 4. Photovoltaic laminate; 5. Afterburner; 6. First gas purification mechanism; 7. Heat exchanger; 8. Carrier gas switching valve; 9. Radiant heat pipe; 10. Heat exchange pipe; 11. First regulating valve; 12. Afterburning air regulating valve; 13. First thermocouple; 14. Second thermocouple; 15. Third thermocouple; 16. Second gas purification mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0023] The integrated system for pyrolysis and decarburization of photovoltaic laminates based on the reuse of waste heat from pyrolysis gas according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention proposes an integrated pyrolysis decarburization system for photovoltaic laminates based on the reuse of pyrolysis gas waste heat, including: a pyrolysis decarburization furnace 3, a transmission chain plate 1 and a heat exchanger 7. The pyrolysis decarburization furnace 3 has a pyrolysis decarburization chamber and a feed port, a discharge port, an air inlet and an air outlet connected to the pyrolysis decarburization chamber. The feed port and the discharge port of the pyrolysis decarburization furnace 3 are both connected to an openable and closable sealing door 2. The air inlet of the pyrolysis decarburization furnace 3 is connected to a carrier gas switching valve 8 to switch the carrier gas entering the pyrolysis decarburization chamber. A heating device is provided in the pyrolysis decarburization chamber; the transmission chain plate 1 passes through the feed port and the discharge port of the pyrolysis decarburization furnace 3; the heat exchanger 7 has an air inlet and an air outlet, and the air inlet of the heat exchanger 7 is connected to the air outlet of the pyrolysis decarburization furnace 3. The heat exchanger 7 includes a heat exchange tube 10, which is inserted into the pyrolysis decarburization chamber to assist in heating the pyrolysis decarburization chamber. The air outlet of the heat exchanger 7 is connected to an exhaust pipe.

[0025] The embodiment of the present invention can realize the switching between the pyrolysis and decarburization processes by setting a carrier gas switching valve 8 at the air inlet of the pyrolysis decarburization furnace 3, so as to integrate the pyrolysis process and the decarburization process, realize equipment integration, and reduce the floor space and equipment cost. By setting a heat exchanger 7, the heat of the pyrolysis gas can be reused in the decarburization process, reducing energy consumption, and realizing the recycling of heat while integrating the pyrolysis decarburization equipment.

[0026] It should be noted that the atmosphere used in the pyrolysis process is nitrogen, and the atmosphere used in the decarburization process is air or oxygen. The gas source of nitrogen and air / oxygen is switched by the carrier gas switching valve 8 to complete the conversion of the pyrolysis and decarburization processes.

[0027] In some embodiments, a post-burner 5 is connected between the air inlet of the heat exchanger 7 and the air outlet of the pyrolysis decarbonization furnace 3. The post-burner 5 has a pyrolysis gas inlet, a post-burner air inlet and an air outlet. The pyrolysis gas inlet of the post-burner 5 is connected to the air outlet of the pyrolysis decarbonization furnace 3, and the air outlet of the post-burner 5 is connected to the air inlet of the heat exchanger 7. The post-burner air inlet of the post-burner 5 is suitable for introducing air required for combustion into the post-burner 5.

[0028] The embodiment of the present invention can further burn the combustible part in the pyrolysis gas by providing the afterburner 5, and can also increase the temperature of the flue gas, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency and realizing a high level of heat recycling.

[0029] It should be noted that the heat exchange tube 10 and the heating device can heat the pyrolysis decarburization chamber at the same time. When the temperature of the recycled pyrolysis gas can meet the implementation of the pyrolysis or decarburization process, there is no need for heating by the heating device, thus saving energy.

[0030] Furthermore, the supplementary combustion air inlet is connected to a supplementary combustion air regulating valve 12 , which can adjust the amount of supplementary combustion air introduced, thereby achieving temperature regulation in the supplementary combustion device 5 .

[0031] In some embodiments, a gas purification mechanism is connected between the gas outlet of the afterburner 5 and the gas inlet of the heat exchanger 7 to purify the pyrolysis gas to be utilized.

[0032] In some embodiments, the gas purification mechanism is filled with a defluorination adsorbent. Since the EVA film and backboard material of the photovoltaic module contain fluorine elements, the fluorine-containing pyrolysis gas produced after pyrolysis is corrosive, so a defluorination adsorbent is used to adsorb and remove the fluorine-containing inorganic substances in the pyrolysis gas to prevent air pollution.

[0033] Furthermore, the defluorination adsorbent adopts a high temperature resistant adsorbent, which can maintain good adsorption characteristics at high temperatures.

[0034] In some embodiments, the defluorination adsorbent is an activated alumina adsorbent.

[0035] In some embodiments, the heating device is a radiant heat pipe 9 .

[0036] Furthermore, the radiation heat pipe 9 is connected to a heat supply circulation loop, and a heat transfer medium flows in the radiation heat pipe 9 .

[0037] In some embodiments, the heating device is connected to a first regulating valve 11 to regulate the heat of the heating device, and the heat exchange tube 10 is connected to a second regulating valve to regulate the heat of the heat exchange tube 10 .

[0038] Furthermore, the first regulating valve 11 is connected to the heating circulation loop.

[0039] In some embodiments, the heating device is connected to the first thermocouple 13, the gas outlet of the afterburner 5 is connected to the second thermocouple 14, and the heat exchange medium outlet of the heat exchange tube 10 is connected to the third thermocouple 15. The temperature of each node can be monitored during the reuse of pyrolysis gas, and the regulating valve can be accurately adjusted to ensure the temperature stability during the decarbonization process and achieve accurate energy saving.

[0040] Furthermore, the first thermocouple 13 is connected to the heating circulation loop.

[0041] In some embodiments, the exhaust pipe is connected to an exhaust gas treatment device to further purify the exhaust gas before it is discharged into the atmosphere to prevent it from polluting the atmosphere.

[0042] In some embodiments, the gas purification mechanism includes a first gas purification mechanism 6 and a second gas purification mechanism 16, which are connected in parallel between the afterburner 5 and the heat exchanger 7, and the connection between the first gas purification mechanism 6 and the second gas purification mechanism 16 is controlled by switching the control valve. When the adsorbent in the first gas purification mechanism 6 reaches the adsorption saturation state, the adsorbent needs to be replaced, and at this time, the second gas purification mechanism 16 can be switched to continue to adsorb the pyrolysis gas. The gas purification mechanism can be switched without stopping the system.

[0043] When in use, the photovoltaic laminate 4 is transported to the pyrolysis decarburization chamber through the transmission chain plate 1, the sealing door 2 is closed, nitrogen is filled into the pyrolysis decarburization chamber until it reaches an oxygen-free state, and the radiation heat pipe 9 is started to pyrolyze the photovoltaic laminate 4. After the pyrolysis gas is discharged, it enters the afterburning chamber, and the amount of afterburning air is adjusted by the control valve. The high-temperature gas after the afterburning enters the gas purification mechanism, and the fluorine-containing inorganic substances in the high-temperature gas are removed by adsorption purification of the activated alumina adsorbent. After the high-temperature gas is purified, it enters the heat exchanger 7, and the heat exchange tube 10 is heated. The heat exchange medium in the heat exchange tube 10 transfers the heat to the pyrolysis decarburization chamber, heats the pyrolysis decarburization chamber, and realizes the recycling of heat. The gas after heat exchange is discharged as tail gas and enters the subsequent tail gas treatment process. After the pyrolysis is completed, the carrier gas switching valve 8 is switched to replace the nitrogen atmosphere in the pyrolysis decarburization chamber with an air atmosphere to decarburize the photovoltaic laminate 4. The heat is regulated by the first thermocouple 13, the second thermocouple 14, the third thermocouple 15, the first regulating valve 11 and the second regulating valve. Usually, the temperature of the gas after supplementary combustion is greater than the temperature of the heat exchange medium outlet of the heat exchange tube 10, and the temperature of the heat exchange medium outlet of the heat exchange tube 10 is greater than the required temperature in the furnace.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0045] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0046] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0047] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0048] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0049] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic laminate pyrolysis decarburization integrated system based on the reuse of pyrolysis gas waste heat, characterized in that: include: A pyrolysis decarburization furnace, wherein the pyrolysis decarburization furnace comprises a pyrolysis decarburization chamber and a feed port, a discharge port, an air inlet and an air outlet connected to the pyrolysis decarburization chamber, the feed port and the discharge port of the pyrolysis decarburization furnace are both connected to an openable and closable sealing door, the air inlet of the pyrolysis decarburization furnace is connected to a carrier gas switching valve to switch the carrier gas into the pyrolysis decarburization chamber, and a heating device is provided in the pyrolysis decarburization chamber; A transmission chain plate, wherein the transmission chain plate passes through a feed inlet and a discharge outlet of the pyrolysis decarburization furnace; A heat exchanger, wherein the heat exchanger has an air inlet and an air outlet, wherein the air inlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the air outlet of the pyrolysis decarburization furnace, wherein the heat exchanger comprises a heat exchange tube, wherein the heat exchange tube is inserted into the pyrolysis decarburization chamber to assist in heating the pyrolysis decarburization chamber, and the air outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to an exhaust pipe.

2. The photovoltaic laminate pyrolysis decarburization integrated system based on pyrolysis gas waste heat reuse according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A post-burner is connected between the air inlet of the heat exchanger and the air outlet of the pyrolysis decarburization furnace. The post-burner has a pyrolysis gas inlet, a post-burning air inlet and an air outlet. The pyrolysis gas inlet of the post-burner is connected to the air outlet of the pyrolysis decarburization furnace, and the air outlet of the post-burner is connected to the air inlet of the heat exchanger. The post-burning air inlet of the post-burner is suitable for introducing air required for combustion into the post-burner.

3. The photovoltaic laminate pyrolysis decarburization integrated system based on pyrolysis gas waste heat reuse according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A gas purification mechanism is connected between the gas outlet of the afterburner and the gas inlet of the heat exchanger to purify the pyrolysis gas to be utilized.

4. The photovoltaic laminate pyrolysis decarburization integrated system based on pyrolysis gas waste heat reuse according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The gas purification mechanism is filled with a defluorination adsorbent.

5. The photovoltaic laminate pyrolysis decarburization integrated system based on pyrolysis gas waste heat reuse according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The defluorination adsorbent is an activated alumina adsorbent.

6. The photovoltaic laminate pyrolysis decarburization integrated system based on pyrolysis gas waste heat reuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating device is a radiant heat pipe.

7. The photovoltaic laminate pyrolysis decarburization integrated system based on pyrolysis gas waste heat reuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating device is connected to a first regulating valve to regulate the heat of the heating device, and the heat exchange tube is connected to a second regulating valve to regulate the heat of the heat exchange tube.

8. The photovoltaic laminate pyrolysis decarburization integrated system based on pyrolysis gas waste heat reuse according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The heating device is connected to a first thermocouple, the air outlet of the afterburner is connected to a second thermocouple, and the heat exchange medium outlet of the heat exchange tube is connected to a third thermocouple.

9. The photovoltaic laminate pyrolysis decarburization integrated system based on pyrolysis gas waste heat reuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust pipe is connected to an exhaust gas treatment device.

10. The photovoltaic laminate pyrolysis decarburization integrated system based on pyrolysis gas waste heat reuse according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gas purification mechanism includes a first gas purification mechanism and a second gas purification mechanism, the first gas purification mechanism and the second gas purification mechanism are connected in parallel between the afterburner and the heat exchanger, and the first gas purification mechanism or the second gas purification mechanism is controlled to be connected by switching a control valve.

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