Coated cutter and coating preparation process thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of machining, and discloses a coated tool and a coating preparation process thereof.The coated tool comprises a tool bit, a tool bar is integrally and fixedly connected to the bottom of the tool bit, a tool fixing structure is fixedly connected to the bottom of the tool bar, and a threaded groove for locking is formed in the upper end of the side face of the tool fixing structure; a rotary knob for fixing is in threaded connection in the area, corresponding to the threaded groove for locking, of the side face of the tool fixing structure, a first cooling liquid channel is formed in an inner cavity of the tool bit, the inner cavity of the tool fixing structure is hollow and communicates with the inner cavity of the tool bit, and an alloy supporting rod is movably inserted into the inner cavity of the tool fixing structure; according to the coating cutter, the self-locking gasket is used for preventing looseness, mounting and dismounting are easy and convenient, the built-in cooling liquid channel is used for heat dissipation and lubrication, multiple assemblies are matched for stable positioning, the coating technology is precise, the performance is improved, the stability, working efficiency, machining precision and adaptability of the cutter are greatly improved, the service life of the cutter is greatly prolonged, and the operation difficulty and production cost are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of mechanical processing, in particular to a coated tool and a coating preparation process thereof. Background Art

[0002] Coated tools refer to tools with special cutting performance that are made by coating one or more layers of refractory metals or non-metallic compounds with good wear resistance on the surface of a substrate such as cemented carbide or high-speed steel (HSS) using methods such as vapor deposition. Coated tools usually consist of two parts: a substrate material and a coating material. The substrate material is the main body of the tool, providing the tool with strength, toughness and basic shape. The coating material is coated on the surface of the substrate and improves the cutting performance and service life of the tool through its excellent physical and chemical properties. In the field of mechanical processing, coated tools are widely used due to their excellent cutting performance and durability, making important contributions to improving processing efficiency and product quality.

[0003] However, in actual application, traditional coated tools face some problems that need to be solved urgently. During fixation and use, traditional coated tools often become loose due to vibration and external force. The loosening will not only affect the processing accuracy, resulting in workpiece size deviation and surface quality degradation, but may also cause collision between the tool and the workpiece, further damaging the tool and the machine tool. Moreover, the coating quality of the tool is also a key factor affecting its cutting performance. For this reason, the present invention proposes a coated tool and a coating preparation process thereof. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a coated tool and a coating preparation process thereof, which solves the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a coated tool and a coating preparation process thereof, comprising a tool head, the bottom of the tool head is integrally fixedly connected with a tool rod, the bottom of the tool rod is fixedly connected with a tool fixing structure, a locking thread groove is provided at the upper end of the side surface of the tool fixing structure, a fixing knob is threadedly connected in the area corresponding to the locking thread groove on the side surface of the tool fixing structure, a coolant channel 1 is provided in the inner cavity of the tool head, the inner cavity of the tool fixing structure is hollow and communicated with the inner cavity of the tool head, an alloy support rod is movably inserted in the inner cavity of the tool fixing structure, and further comprising: The anti-loosening locking device is used to fix the tool and prevent the tool from loosening during use.

[0006] Preferably, the outer surface of the cutter head is coated with a coating, and the coating is sequentially provided with an outer coating, an intermediate layer and an inner coating from the outside to the inside, the outer coating is a diamond coating, the intermediate layer is a titanium nitride coating, and the inner coating is a boron nitride coating.

[0007] Preferably, the anti-loosening locking device includes an anti-loosening gasket one and an anti-loosening gasket two, and the side surfaces of the tool fixing structure are movably sleeved with anti-loosening gasket one and anti-loosening gasket two in sequence from top to bottom, and the upper side surface of the anti-loosening gasket one is provided with a plurality of inverted triangular bevel grooves distributed in a circular shape and at equal intervals, and the plurality of inverted triangular bevel grooves are distributed continuously, and the bottom of the anti-loosening gasket one is provided with a triangular bevel groove, and the shape of the triangular bevel groove at the bottom of the anti-loosening gasket one is larger than that of the inverted triangular bevel groove at the top, and the anti-loosening gasket two is the same shape as the anti-loosening gasket one and is arranged in a mirror image, and the bottom of the anti-loosening gasket one matches the top of the anti-loosening gasket two.

[0008] Preferably, the anti-loosening locking device also includes a sliding groove, a contact slider, a strut placement groove and a locking strut rod. A sliding groove is provided in the area corresponding to the locking thread groove on the upper end of the side surface of the tool fixing structure. A contact slider is fixedly connected between the inner walls on both sides of the sliding groove on the side surface of the alloy strut rod. Three strut placement grooves equidistantly distributed in a ring shape are provided at the lower end of the side surface of the tool fixing structure. Locking strut rods are movably connected in the three strut placement grooves.

[0009] Preferably, the three locking struts are provided with a rotation groove at the lower end of one side close to the alloy strut rod, and the lower end of the inner wall of the tool fixing structure is fixedly connected with a rotation connection seat in the inner cavity corresponding to the three strut placement grooves, and the three rotation connection seats are hinged to the inner walls on both sides of the rotation groove.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom inner wall of the support rod placement groove is an inclined slope at one end close to the alloy support rod and an arc-shaped at the other end. The side of the contact slider away from the alloy support rod is a rough surface, and the width of the contact slider is smaller than the width of the upper and lower inner walls of the sliding groove.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom of the alloy support rod is fixedly connected to a limiting extension rod, the lower end of the limiting extension rod extends to the bottom of the tool fixing structure and is fixedly connected to a threaded groove for connecting a coolant pipeline, the side of the limiting extension rod corresponds to the connection with the threaded groove for connecting the coolant pipeline and is fixedly connected to a limiting annular block, the upper end of the side of the limiting extension rod corresponds to the inner cavity of the tool fixing structure and is movably sleeved with a restoring spring, the upper and lower ends of the restoring spring are respectively fixedly connected to the bottom of the alloy support rod and the bottom inner wall of the tool fixing structure, a second coolant channel is provided on the upper side of the alloy support rod, the lower end of the second coolant channel extends to the lower side of the threaded groove for connecting the coolant pipeline, and a leak-proof flange gasket is fixedly connected to the upper side of the tool fixing structure on the side of the alloy support rod.

[0012] Preferably, the coating preparation process of the coated tool comprises the following steps: S1: Use ultrasonic cleaning for 15-20 minutes to clean the cutter head, use 0.3-0.5MPa compressed air and corundum sand of appropriate particle size to sandblast the cutter for 5-10 minutes, then rinse and blow dry; S2: Place the blade into the vacuum sputtering chamber and evacuate the chamber to a vacuum level of <5×10 -3 Pa, pass argon gas (20-30sccm) with purity >99.99%, maintain the gas pressure at 0.2-0.3Pa, sputter bombard the titanium target, pass nitrogen gas (10-15sccm) at the same time, deposit at 400-500°C for 5-10 hours, and reach a thickness of 1-2μm; S3: Move the cutter head to the CVD equipment chamber and evacuate the chamber to a vacuum of <1×10 -2 Pa, hydrogen purge for 10-15 minutes, pass borane, ammonia and hydrogen, maintain the total pressure of 1-2kPa, heat to 800-1000°C and react for 6-8 hours to obtain a 0.5-1μm thick coating; S4: Place the cutter head into the diamond CVD deposition equipment chamber and evacuate to a vacuum of <1×10 -3 Pa, hydrogen purge for 15-20 minutes, pass methane and hydrogen, maintain the pressure at 2-3 kPa, microwave plasma excitation, 700-900 ° C deposition for 10-15 hours to 2-3 μm thickness; S5: After the coating is completed, the blade head (1) is cooled at a rate of 20-30°C / min and tested after cooling to room temperature.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a coated tool and a coating preparation process thereof, which has the following beneficial effects: The coated tool is designed with anti-loosening gasket one and anti-loosening gasket two, and uses inverted triangular bevel grooves to fit together to form a self-locking effect, which effectively prevents the tool from loosening due to vibration during use. It not only increases the friction between the tool and the fixed part, but also allows the anti-loosening gasket to maintain a tight fit even when the vibration direction changes, thereby greatly improving the stability and reliability of the tool.

[0014] The installation and disassembly process of the coated tool is very simple. During installation, you only need to insert the tool fixing structure into the socket and then rotate the fixing knob to lock it. During disassembly, you only need to rotate the fixing knob in the opposite direction and press the contact slider to shrink the locking strut to easily pull the tool out of the fixing position. This design not only saves installation and disassembly time, but also reduces the difficulty of operation and improves work efficiency.

[0015] The coated tool has coolant channel 1 and coolant channel 2 in the tool head and tool fixing structure, which provide channels for the flow of coolant during the cutting process. It not only helps to promptly remove the heat generated by cutting and reduce the tool temperature, but also reduces thermal deformation and wear, improves processing accuracy and surface quality. At the same time, the coolant can also play a lubricating role, reduce cutting force and friction, and further improve the cutting performance of the tool.

[0016] The coated tool achieves stable fixation of the tool under different working conditions through the cooperation of components such as alloy support rods, locking support rods and recovery springs. Whether it is light load or heavy load, low speed or high speed cutting, the device can maintain the stability of the tool and ensure the smooth progress of the processing process.

[0017] The coated tool and its coating preparation process use a precise coating preparation process to deposit diamond coating, titanium nitride coating and boron nitride coating on the surface of the tool head in sequence, forming a composite coating with good hardness, wear resistance and chemical stability, which not only improves the cutting efficiency of the tool, but also extends its service life and reduces production costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the blade coating in the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cooling liquid channel 1 in the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the anti-loosening locking device in the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anti-loosening gasket 1 and the anti-loosening gasket 2 in the present invention; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the locking support rod in the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a support rod placement slot in the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the disassembly of the tool fixing structure in the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1. tool head; 2. tool rod; 3. tool fixing structure; 4. fixing knob; 5. locking threaded groove; 6. alloy support rod; 7. outer coating; 8. inner coating; 9. middle layer; 10. coolant channel one; 11. anti-loosening gasket one; 12. anti-loosening gasket two; 13. sliding groove; 14. contact slider; 15. support rod placement groove; 16. locking support rod; 17. rotating groove; 18. limiting extension rod; 19. limiting ring block; 20. threaded groove for coolant pipe connection; 21. restoring spring; 22. coolant channel two; 23. leak-proof flange gasket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] See also Figure 1-8 A coated tool and a coating preparation process thereof, comprising a tool head 1, a tool rod 2 is integrally fixedly connected to the bottom of the tool head 1, a tool fixing structure 3 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the tool rod 2, a locking thread groove 5 is provided on the upper end of the side of the tool fixing structure 3, a fixing knob 4 is threadedly connected in the area corresponding to the locking thread groove 5 on the side of the tool fixing structure 3, a coolant channel 10 is provided in the inner cavity of the tool head 1, the inner cavity of the tool fixing structure 3 is hollow and communicated with the inner cavity of the tool head 1, an alloy support rod 6 is movably inserted in the inner cavity of the tool fixing structure 3, and also includes: The anti-loosening locking device is used to fix the tool and prevent the tool from loosening during use.

[0022] Furthermore, the outer surface of the cutter head 1 is coated with a coating, and the coating is sequentially provided with an outer coating 7, an intermediate layer 9 and an inner coating 8 from the outside to the inside. The outer coating 7 is a diamond coating, the intermediate layer 9 is a titanium nitride coating, and the inner coating 8 is a boron nitride coating. The diamond outer coating 7 has extremely high hardness and wear resistance, directly bears the wear and impact during the cutting process, and protects the lower coating and the tool substrate. The titanium nitride intermediate layer 9 provides good adhesion and a certain hardness, and serves as a transition layer between the diamond coating and the boron nitride coating to enhance the bonding strength of the overall coating. The boron nitride inner coating 8 is tightly bonded to the tool substrate, has good chemical stability and high temperature resistance, effectively isolates cutting heat, and protects the tool substrate from thermal damage.

[0023] Furthermore, the anti-loosening locking device includes an anti-loosening gasket 11 and an anti-loosening gasket 2 12. The side surfaces of the tool fixing structure 3 are movably sleeved with the anti-loosening gasket 11 and the anti-loosening gasket 2 12 in sequence from top to bottom. The upper side surface of the anti-loosening gasket 11 is provided with a plurality of inverted triangular bevel grooves distributed in a circular shape and at equal intervals. The plurality of inverted triangular bevel grooves are distributed continuously. The bottom of the anti-loosening gasket 11 is provided with a triangular bevel groove. The shape of the triangular bevel groove at the bottom of the anti-loosening gasket 11 is larger than that of the inverted triangular bevel groove at the top. The anti-loosening gasket 2 12 has the same shape as the anti-loosening gasket 11 and is mirror-imaged. The bottom of the anti-loosening gasket 11 and the top of the anti-loosening gasket 2 12 match each other. The design of the anti-loosening gasket 11 and the anti-loosening gasket 2 12 not only takes into account the self-locking effect, but also realizes the absorption and dispersion of vibration through its special bevel groove structure.

[0024] Furthermore, the anti-loosening locking device also includes a sliding groove 13, a contact slider 14, a strut placement groove 15 and a locking strut 16. The sliding groove 13 is provided in the area corresponding to the locking thread groove 5 on the upper end of the side of the tool fixing structure 3. The contact slider 14 is fixedly connected between the inner walls on both sides of the sliding groove 13 on the side of the alloy support rod 6. Three ring-shaped and equidistantly distributed strut placement grooves 15 are provided on the lower end of the side of the tool fixing structure 3. The locking struts 16 are movably connected in the three strut placement grooves 15. When the tool is inserted into the fixed place, the locking strut 16 expands outward under the action of the restoring spring 21 and forms a close contact with the inner wall of the fixed place. When the fixing knob 4 is rotated, the tool fixing structure 3 is tightened through the threaded connection, so that the locking strut 16 is more firmly against the inner wall of the fixed place.

[0025] Furthermore, a rotation groove 17 is formed at the lower end of the three locking struts 16 on one side close to the alloy strut rod 6, and a rotation connection seat is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the three strut placement grooves 15 corresponding to the lower end of the inner wall of the tool fixing structure 3. The three rotation connection seats are hinged to the inner walls on both sides of the rotation groove 17. The design of the rotation groove 17 and the rotation connection seat enables the locking strut 16 to rotate freely within a certain range, which is convenient for the locking strut 16 to retract into the strut placement groove 15 when replacing the tool, thereby facilitating the insertion and removal of the tool.

[0026] Furthermore, the bottom inner wall of the strut placement groove 15 is an inclined slope at one end close to the alloy strut 6 and an arc-shaped at the other end. The side of the contact slider 14 away from the alloy strut 6 is a rough surface. The width of the contact slider 14 is smaller than the width of the upper and lower inner walls of the sliding groove 13. The inclined surface and arc-shaped design of the strut placement groove 15 enable the locking strut 16 to slide out more smoothly when expanding and return to the groove smoothly when contracting.

[0027] Furthermore, the bottom of the alloy support rod 6 is fixedly connected to a limiting extension rod 18, the lower end of the limiting extension rod 18 extends to the bottom of the tool fixing structure 3 and is fixedly connected to a threaded groove 20 for connecting a coolant pipeline, the side of the limiting extension rod 18 is fixedly connected to a limiting annular block 19 at the connection point corresponding to the threaded groove 20 for connecting a coolant pipeline, the upper end of the side of the limiting extension rod 18 is movably sleeved with a restoring spring 21 in the inner cavity of the tool fixing structure 3, the upper and lower ends of the restoring spring 21 are respectively fixedly connected to the bottom of the alloy support rod 6 and the inner wall of the bottom side of the tool fixing structure 3, a coolant channel 22 is opened on the upper side of the alloy support rod 6, the lower end of the coolant channel 22 extends to the lower side of the threaded groove 20 for connecting a coolant pipeline, the side of the alloy support rod 6 is fixedly connected to a leak-proof flange gasket 23 on the upper side of the tool fixing structure 3, and the design of the limiting extension rod 18 and the threaded groove 20 for connecting a coolant pipeline facilitates the introduction of coolant. Through the threaded connection, the coolant pipeline can be conveniently connected to the tool to realize the circulation supply of the coolant. The setting of the leak-proof flange gasket 23 effectively prevents the coolant from leaking during the cutting process, ensuring the cleanliness of the machine tool and the smooth progress of the cutting process. At the same time, the setting of the return spring 21 not only provides an expansion force for the locking strut 16, but also absorbs the vibration during the cutting process to a certain extent, thereby improving the stability of the tool.

[0028] The coating preparation process of coated tools has the following steps: S1: Use ultrasonic cleaning for 15-20 minutes to remove dirt from the cutter head 1, and use 0.3-0.5MPa compressed air and corundum sand of appropriate particle size to sandblast the tool for 5-10 minutes, then rinse and blow dry. The precise design and processing of the tool is the basis. The cutter head 1 is the part that directly contacts the workpiece for cutting. Whether its surface is flat or not is directly related to whether the coating can be evenly attached. In the process of tool manufacturing, it is inevitable that it will be contaminated with oil, residual metal debris and other impurities. Use ultrasonic cleaning for 15-20 minutes. With the help of the chemical action of the cleaning agent and the high-frequency vibration of the ultrasonic wave, these pollutants can be deeply removed. Use 0.3-0.5MPa compressed air with corundum sand of appropriate particle size to sandblast for 5-10 minutes. The purpose is to form a microscopic rough structure on the surface of the tool. Compared with the smooth surface, the rough surface greatly increases the contact area between the coating and the substrate, just like creating countless "grips" for the coating, so that it can adhere more firmly and the subsequent coating is not easy to fall off; S2: Place the blade head 1 in the vacuum sputtering equipment chamber and evacuate the chamber to a vacuum level of <5×10 -3 Pa, pass argon gas (20-30sccm) with purity >99.99%, maintain the gas pressure at 0.2-0.3Pa, sputter bombard the titanium target, and pass nitrogen gas (10-15sccm) at the same time, deposit at 400-500°C for 5-10 hours, reach 1-2μm thickness, put the pretreated tool into the vacuum sputtering equipment chamber and evacuate to <5×10-3 Pa, this is to exclude air and other impurity gases in the cavity, to prevent impurities from mixing into the titanium nitride coating during the coating deposition process, affecting its purity, hardness and adhesion, to ensure the coating quality, introduce argon gas (20-30sccm) with a purity of >99.99% and maintain a gas pressure of 0.2-0.3Pa, and turn on the sputtering power supply to bombard the titanium target. Argon gas, as a working gas, forms plasma under the action of the electric field. The high-energy particles in the plasma bombard the titanium target, causing titanium atoms to sputter out. High-purity argon gas ensures the purity of the reaction. Precise gas flow and pressure control can stabilize the plasma state, ensure that titanium atoms are stably and continuously sputtered, and create conditions for the subsequent reaction with nitrogen to generate titanium nitride. Nitrogen gas (10-15sccm) is introduced simultaneously, and the deposition is carried out at 400-500°C, with a rate of 0.1-0.2μm / min, and a thickness of 1-2μm is achieved in 5-10 hours. The appropriate nitrogen flow, deposition temperature and rate are determined based on the crystal growth characteristics of titanium nitride. Under these conditions, titanium atoms and nitrogen atoms can fully react and deposit in an orderly manner on the tool surface to form a dense, high-quality titanium nitride coating. As an intermediate layer, it not only combines well with the substrate, but also provides an adaptive transition for subsequent coatings. S3: Move the blade head 1 to the CVD equipment chamber and evacuate the chamber to a vacuum of <1×10 -2 Pa, hydrogen purge for 10-15 minutes, pass borane, ammonia and hydrogen, maintain the total pressure of 1-2kPa, heat to 800-1000°C for reaction for 6-8 hours, and obtain a 0.5-1μm thick coating. Vacuuming is still to remove impurities. Hydrogen purge can further clean the tool surface and remove possible residual trace impurities, providing a pure substrate for boron nitride deposition, because even trace impurities may react with the reaction gas during high-temperature deposition, affecting the quality of the boron nitride coating. The reaction gas is introduced in proportion to ensure that boron and nitrogen atoms react in a suitable proportion at high temperature. Hydrogen, as a diluent gas, can not only adjust the reaction rate, but also help the gas to mix evenly, ensuring the uniform deposition of boron nitride on the tool surface. The purpose of high-temperature deposition is a necessary condition for the synthesis and deposition of boron nitride. In this temperature range, the chemical reaction activity is high, which can promote the full reaction of borane and ammonia to generate boron nitride and stably deposit it on the titanium nitride coating, forming an inner coating with good chemical stability and high temperature resistance, protecting the tool substrate internally; S4: Place the cutter head 1 into the diamond CVD deposition equipment chamber and evacuate the chamber to a vacuum of <1×10 -3Pa, hydrogen purge for 15-20 minutes, pass methane and hydrogen, maintain the gas pressure at 2-3kPa, microwave plasma excitation, 700-900°C deposition for 10-15 hours to 2-3μm thickness, and then equipment transfer and vacuum preparation. This is because the diamond coating has extremely high purity requirements, and impurities can easily cause diamond crystal defects. Long-term hydrogen purge ensures surface cleanliness and lays the foundation for high-quality diamond deposition. At the same time, methane is used as a carbon source and hydrogen is used as a carrier gas. Precise gas flow and pressure control can enable methane to stably decompose carbon atoms during subsequent microwave plasma excitation, providing sufficient raw materials for diamond growth and ensuring the growth rate and quality of the coating. The high-energy environment created by microwave plasma can accelerate the decomposition of methane and the deposition of carbon atoms. The appropriate deposition temperature and duration, based on the crystallization dynamics of diamond, promote the orderly arrangement and crystallization of carbon atoms in the outermost layer of the tool, forming a diamond outer coating with extremely high hardness and super wear resistance, greatly improving the cutting performance of the tool; S5: After the coating is completed, the tool head (1) is cooled at a rate of 20-30°C / min. After cooling to room temperature, it is tested. After cooling to room temperature, the defective tool is reworked or scrapped according to the results of hardness, adhesion, roughness, etc. Testing is a key link in ensuring tool quality. Only when all performance indicators meet the standards can the tool play a stable and reliable role in actual cutting processing. Unqualified products are reworked or scrapped to avoid entering the market and affecting processing quality.

[0029] Working principle: The working principle of the coated tool and the coating preparation process provided by the present invention is mainly reflected in the structural design of the tool, the working mechanism of the anti-loosening locking device and the coating preparation process. First of all, from the structural design of the tool, the tool head 1 and the tool rod 2 are integrally connected, which enhances the overall stability of the tool. The tool fixing structure 3 connected to the bottom of the tool rod 2 and the anti-loosening locking device are used to fix the tool, thereby achieving firm fixation of the tool on the machine tool. The coolant channel 10 opened in the tool head 1 is connected to the hollow inner cavity of the tool fixing structure 3, providing a channel for the flow of coolant during the cutting process.

[0030] When using the anti-loosening locking device to fix the tool, first insert the tool fixing structure 3 into the socket at the place where it needs to be fixed. After the tool fixing structure 3 is inserted, the locking struts 16 in the three strut placement grooves 15 expand outward along the inclined surface of the top inner wall of the strut placement groove 15 under the influence of the restoring spring 21 pushing the tool fixing structure 3 upward. When the three locking struts 16 are expanded, the tool is fixed in the fixed place as a whole by rotating the fixing knob 4 and rotating the fixing knob 4 on the locking threaded groove 5 in cooperation with the action of the three locking struts 16. After fixing is completed, the tight locking effect of the anti-loosening gasket 11 and the anti-loosening gasket 2 12 effectively prevents the tool from loosening due to vibration during use.

[0031] Specifically, the anti-loosening gasket 11 and the anti-loosening gasket 2 12 are interlocked with each other through the inverted triangular bevel grooves opened on their surfaces, forming a tight locking effect. The tool is generally subjected to vibrations in multiple directions during operation, among which the most common and the one that has the greatest impact on the stability of the tool is the vibration perpendicular to the up and down directions of the tool. Since the anti-loosening gasket 11 has a triangular bevel groove at the bottom, and the top shape of the anti-loosening gasket 2 12 matches the bottom of the anti-loosening gasket 11, it also presents a corresponding bevel groove structure, and the two are mirror-imaged. Therefore, under the action of vibration, the relative position between the anti-loosening gasket 11 and the anti-loosening gasket 2 12 is The position of the anti-loosening gasket 11 and the anti-loosening gasket 12 will change. This change is specifically manifested in that when the tool is subjected to upward or downward vibration, the anti-loosening gasket 11 and the anti-loosening gasket 2 12 will bite each other more tightly through their inclined groove structure, thereby forming a self-locking effect. This self-locking effect effectively prevents the tool from loosening due to vibration. During the vibration process, the friction between the anti-loosening gasket 11 and the anti-loosening gasket 2 12 increases, making the connection between them more stable. At the same time, due to the design of the inclined groove structure, even if the vibration direction changes, the anti-loosening gasket 11 and the anti-loosening gasket 2 12 can maintain a tight fit to ensure the stability of the tool.

[0032] When the tool needs to be replaced, it is only necessary to rotate the fixing knob 4 in the opposite direction to expose the contact slider 14 in the sliding groove 13, and then press the contact slider 14 in the direction of the coolant pipe connection thread groove 20 to shrink the three locking struts 16, and then pull the tool fixing structure 3 out of the fixing position to achieve the tool replacement.

[0033] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A coated tool, comprising a tool head (1), characterized in that: The bottom of the cutter head (1) is integrally fixedly connected to a cutter rod (2), the bottom of the cutter rod (2) is fixedly connected to a cutter fixing structure (3), a locking thread groove (5) is provided at the upper end of the side surface of the cutter fixing structure (3), a fixing knob (4) is threadedly connected in an area corresponding to the locking thread groove (5) on the side surface of the cutter fixing structure (3), a cooling liquid channel (10) is provided in the inner cavity of the cutter head (1), the inner cavity of the cutter fixing structure (3) is hollow and communicated with the inner cavity of the cutter head (1), an alloy support rod (6) is movably inserted in the inner cavity of the cutter fixing structure (3), and further comprises: The anti-loosening locking device is used to fix the tool and prevent the tool from loosening during use.

2. A coated tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the cutter head (1) is coated with a coating, and the coating is provided with an outer coating (7), an intermediate layer (9) and an inner coating (8) in sequence from the outside to the inside, the outer coating (7) is a diamond coating, the intermediate layer (9) is a titanium nitride coating, and the inner coating (8) is a boron nitride coating.

3. A coated tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-loosening locking device comprises an anti-loosening gasket 1 (11) and an anti-loosening gasket 2 (12). The side surfaces of the tool fixing structure (3) are movably sleeved with the anti-loosening gasket 1 (11) and the anti-loosening gasket 2 (12) in sequence from top to bottom. The upper side surface of the anti-loosening gasket 1 (11) is provided with a plurality of inverted triangular bevel grooves distributed in an annular shape and at equal intervals. The plurality of inverted triangular bevel grooves are continuously distributed. The bottom of the anti-loosening gasket 1 (11) is provided with a triangular bevel groove. The shape of the triangular bevel groove at the bottom of the anti-loosening gasket 1 (11) is larger than that of the inverted triangular bevel groove at the top. The anti-loosening gasket 2 (12) has the same shape as the anti-loosening gasket 1 (11) and is arranged in a mirror image. The bottom of the anti-loosening gasket 1 (11) matches the top of the anti-loosening gasket 2 (12).

4. A coated tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The anti-loosening locking device further comprises a sliding groove (13), a contact slider (14), a support rod placement groove (15) and a locking support rod (16); a sliding groove (13) is provided in an area corresponding to the locking thread groove (5) at the upper end of the side surface of the tool fixing structure (3); a contact slider (14) is fixedly connected between the inner walls on both sides of the sliding groove (13) on the side surface of the alloy support rod (6); three support rod placement grooves (15) equidistantly distributed in an annular shape are provided at the lower end of the side surface of the tool fixing structure (3); and locking support rods (16) are movably connected in the three support rod placement grooves (15).

5. A coated tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The three locking struts (16) are provided with a rotation groove (17) at the lower end of one side close to the alloy strut rod (6), and the lower end of the inner wall of the tool fixing structure (3) is fixedly connected with a rotation connection seat in the inner cavity corresponding to the three strut placement grooves (15), and the three rotation connection seats are hinged to the inner walls of the rotation groove (17) on both sides.

6. A coated tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner wall of the bottom side of the support rod placement groove (15) is an inclined slope at one end close to the alloy support rod (6), and the other end is in an arc shape. The side of the contact slider (14) away from the alloy support rod (6) is a rough surface, and the width of the contact slider (14) is smaller than the width of the inner walls on the upper and lower sides of the sliding groove (13).

7. A coated tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the alloy support rod (6) is fixedly connected to a limit extension rod (18), the lower end of the limit extension rod (18) extends to the bottom of the tool fixing structure (3) and is fixedly connected to a threaded groove (20) for connecting a coolant pipeline, the side of the limit extension rod (18) is fixedly connected to a limit ring block (19) corresponding to the connection point of the threaded groove (20) for connecting a coolant pipeline, the upper end of the side of the limit extension rod (18) is movably sleeved with a restoring spring (21) corresponding to the inner cavity of the tool fixing structure (3), the upper and lower ends of the restoring spring (21) are respectively fixedly connected to the bottom of the alloy support rod (6) and the inner wall of the bottom side of the tool fixing structure (3), the upper side of the alloy support rod (6) is provided with a second coolant channel (22), the lower end of the second coolant channel (22) extends to the lower side of the threaded groove (20) for connecting a coolant pipeline, and the side of the alloy support rod (6) is fixedly connected to a leakproof flange gasket (23) on the upper side of the tool fixing structure (3).

8. A coating preparation process for a coated tool as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: S1: The cutter head (1) is cleaned by ultrasonic cleaning for 15-20 minutes to remove dirt, and the cutter is sandblasted with 0.3-0.5 MPa compressed air and corundum sand of appropriate particle size for 5-10 minutes, and then rinsed and dried; S2: Place the blade head (1) into the vacuum sputtering equipment chamber and evacuate the chamber to a vacuum of <5×10 -3 Pa, pass argon gas with purity >99.99% at 20-30sccm, maintain gas pressure at 0.2-0.3Pa, sputter bombard titanium target, pass nitrogen gas at 10-15sccm, deposit at 400-500°C for 5-10 hours, reach 1-2μm thickness; S3: Move the blade head (1) to the CVD equipment chamber and evacuate the chamber to a vacuum of <1×10 -2 Pa, hydrogen purge for 10-15 minutes, pass borane, ammonia and hydrogen, maintain the total pressure of 1-2kPa, heat to 800-1000°C and react for 6-8 hours to obtain a 0.5-1μm thick coating; S4: Place the cutter head (1) into the diamond CVD deposition equipment chamber and evacuate the chamber to a vacuum of <1×10 -3 Pa, hydrogen purge for 15-20 minutes, pass methane and hydrogen, maintain the pressure at 2-3 kPa, microwave plasma excitation, 700-900 ° C deposition for 10-15 hours to 2-3 μm thickness; S5: After the coating is completed, the blade head (1) is cooled at a rate of 20-30°C / min and tested after cooling to room temperature.

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