Device for realizing hot charging of railway vehicle axle

Abstract

The invention provides a device for achieving hot charging of a railway vehicle axle. The device comprises a pneumatic cylinder assembly, a clamp, a lead screw, a base, a jack support assembly and an assembly table. The pneumatic cylinder assembly comprises a pneumatic cylinder and a support, and the fixed end of the pneumatic cylinder is fixedly installed on the support. The clamp is located between the pneumatic cylinder and the base. The clamp comprises an upper clamping block and a lower clamping block which are oppositely arranged; the upper clamping block is fixedly mounted on an output shaft of the pneumatic cylinder; the top of the lead screw is fixedly connected with the lower clamping block, the bottom of the lead screw is rotationally installed on a lead screw base through threads, and the lead screw base is fixedly installed on the base. The jack support assembly comprises a hydraulic jack and a circular-arc-shaped cushion block, and the circular-arc-shaped cushion block is fixedly installed on the top of an output shaft of the hydraulic jack. The support and the base are fixedly installed on the assembly table. According to the technical scheme, the hot charging requirements of wheel shafts of different sizes and structures of various vehicle types can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rail vehicles, and in particular to a device for realizing heat-shrink installation of a wheel axle of a rail vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The railway locomotive vehicle wheel axle hot-fitting process is a commonly used locomotive wheel axle assembly process, which is to heat the entire wheel or wheel center and driven gear, expand the inner hole of the wheel hub, and then assemble it to the axle, and cool it at room temperature to form an interference fit between the wheel hub hole and the axle.

[0003] The existing technical solution is to make multiple sets of special assembly brackets for axles of different sizes for different models, place the axles on the matching special brackets, and then assemble the wheels, driven gears and other parts that need to be hot-fitted to the axles onto the axles. Figure 1-2 As shown, the disadvantages of existing brackets include:

[0004] (1) The support heights at both ends of the bracket are fixed. When assembling a wheel with a larger wheel diameter, the center height of the axle supported by the bracket needs to be adjusted. The existing technical solution cannot achieve the adjustment of the center height of the supported workpiece; according to the different diameters of the axle parts supported by the two ends of the bracket, the relative support heights at both ends of the bracket need to be fine-tuned to keep the axle level. The existing technical solution cannot achieve this process requirement, which affects the assembly quality;

[0005] (2) The support distance of the bracket is fixed. For axles of different lengths and structures, the support position cannot be adjusted, which will block the assembly part of the axle;

[0006] (3) It is necessary to manufacture matching special assembly brackets for axles of different sizes and structures of different models, which requires frequent replacement of process equipment, which is cumbersome to operate and also results in a waste of process equipment manufacturing costs;

[0007] (4) There is no device to fix the axle. When assembling parts such as gears or wheels on the axle, one end of the axle will be heavier, making it easy for the axle to fall off the assembly bracket, which is very dangerous. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the problems existing in the existing wheel axle hot-installation device, such as the axle cannot be clamped automatically, the center height of the axle cannot be adjusted during clamping, the bracket cannot be fine-tuned to keep the axle level, the position of the bracket cannot be adjusted to block component assembly, and the assembly quality and safety are poor, in order to reduce the difficulty of operation and improve production efficiency, the present invention provides a device for hot-installing wheel axles of rail vehicles, which can meet the needs of hot-installing wheel axles of different sizes and structures of various models.

[0009] The technical means adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0010] A device for realizing heat-shrink installation of a wheel axle of a rail vehicle, comprising a pneumatic cylinder assembly, a fixture, a lead screw, a base, a jack support assembly and an assembly table;

[0011] The pneumatic cylinder assembly comprises a pneumatic cylinder and a bracket, wherein the fixed end of the pneumatic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the bracket; the clamp is located between the pneumatic cylinder and the base;

[0012] The clamp comprises an upper clamping block and a lower clamping block which are arranged opposite to each other; the upper clamping block is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the pneumatic cylinder; the top of the lead screw is fixedly connected to the lower clamping block, and the bottom is rotatably mounted on the lead screw seat through a thread, and the lead screw seat is fixedly mounted on the base; rotating the lead screw can drive the lower clamping block to move up and down, thereby adjusting the height of the lower clamping block; the upper clamping block is driven up and down by the pneumatic cylinder, so that the upper clamping block and the lower clamping block can clamp or release the workpiece;

[0013] The jack support assembly includes a hydraulic jack and an arc-shaped pad, wherein the arc-shaped pad is fixedly mounted on the top of the output shaft of the hydraulic jack; the clamp is used to clamp the end of the workpiece, and the hydraulic jack assembly is used to support the front end of the workpiece, and the workpiece is kept level by adjusting the stroke of the output shaft of the hydraulic jack;

[0014] The bracket and the base are respectively fixedly mounted on the assembly platform, and a plurality of mounting holes are arranged on the assembly platform. The hydraulic jack can be detachably mounted on one of the mounting holes by means of bolts and nuts.

[0015] Furthermore, the pneumatic cylinder controls the stroke of the output shaft through compressed air pumped in by an air source, thereby controlling the up and down movement of the upper clamping block.

[0016] Furthermore, the opposite sides of the upper clamping block and the lower clamping block are both arc surfaces.

[0017] Furthermore, the output shaft of the pneumatic cylinder is connected to the threaded hole in the center of the upper clamping block through a thread; an adjusting nut is installed on the output shaft of the pneumatic cylinder for tightening after adjusting the installation position of the upper clamping block.

[0018] Furthermore, the top of the lead screw is a stepped shaft structure, and the stepped shaft structure is installed in the stepped hole at the center of the bottom of the lower clamping block through clearance fit.

[0019] Furthermore, a handwheel is fixedly installed outside the screw, and the handwheel is used to drive the screw to rotate in the screw seat to output a controllable stroke; the screw and the handwheel are connected by a key and fastened by a nut.

[0020] Furthermore, the top of the output shaft of the hydraulic jack is a stepped shaft structure, and the stepped shaft structure is installed in the stepped hole at the bottom of the arc-shaped cushion block through clearance fit.

[0021] Furthermore, it also includes an L-shaped baffle, the horizontal plate of which is provided with a through hole, the baffle is sleeved outside the screw seat through the through hole, and the baffle is used to assist in positioning the workpiece through the vertical plate.

[0022] Furthermore, a cushion block is installed on the assembly table, and the cushion block is located between the bracket and the hydraulic jack.

[0023] Furthermore, the table top of the assembly table is made of steel plates, and supporting legs are arranged at the bottom of the table top.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0025] The device for realizing hot-loading of axles of rail vehicles provided by the present invention can realize automatic clamping of the axles during hot-loading of the axles, adjustable support height, and adjustable support position. The device firmly clamps the workpiece and is suitable for hot-loading processes of axles of different sizes and structures of various locomotive models. There is no need to frequently replace process equipment, and the purposes of simple operation, high safety, and saving on manufacturing process equipment costs can be achieved.

[0026] Based on the above reasons, the present invention can be widely promoted in the field of rail vehicles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0028] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the axle assembly bracket structure in the prior art.

[0029] Figure 2 The diagram is a schematic diagram of heat-fitting an axle using an axle assembly bracket in the prior art.

[0030] Figure 3 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device for realizing the thermal installation of the wheel axle of a rail vehicle.

[0031] Figure 4 The exploded schematic diagram of the device structure for realizing the thermal installation of the wheel axle of a rail vehicle according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5(1)-(4) are schematic diagrams of the process of hot-installing axles of rail vehicles using the device for hot-installing axles of rail vehicles according to the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 1. pneumatic cylinder assembly; 2. upper clamping block; 3. lower clamping block; 4. lead screw; 5. hand wheel; 6. lead screw seat; 7. base; 8. pad; 9. jack bracket assembly; 10. assembly table; 11. baffle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0035] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0037] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​of the parts and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be clear that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, methods and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant field may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, methods and equipment should be regarded as a part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention: the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0039] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below their position devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0040] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] like Figure 3-4 As shown, the present invention provides a device for realizing the thermal installation of a wheel axle of a rail vehicle, comprising a pneumatic cylinder assembly 1, a fixture, a lead screw 4, a base 7, a jack support assembly 9 and an assembly table 10;

[0043] The pneumatic cylinder assembly 1 includes a pneumatic cylinder and a bracket, and the fixed end of the pneumatic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the bracket; the clamp is located between the pneumatic cylinder and the base 7;

[0044] The clamp comprises an upper clamping block 2 and a lower clamping block 3 which are arranged opposite to each other; the upper clamping block 2 is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the pneumatic cylinder; the top of the lead screw 4 is fixedly connected to the lower clamping block 3, and the bottom is rotatably mounted on the lead screw seat 6 through a thread, and the lead screw seat 6 is fixedly mounted on the base 7; rotating the lead screw 4 can drive the lower clamping block 3 to move up and down, thereby adjusting the height of the lower clamping block 3; the upper clamping block 2 is driven up and down by the pneumatic cylinder, so that the upper clamping block 2 and the lower clamping block 3 can clamp or release the workpiece;

[0045] The jack support assembly 9 includes a hydraulic jack and an arc-shaped pad, and the arc-shaped pad is fixedly installed on the top of the output shaft of the hydraulic jack; the clamp is used to clamp the end of the workpiece, and the hydraulic jack assembly 9 is used to support the front end of the workpiece, and the workpiece is kept horizontal by adjusting the stroke of the output shaft of the hydraulic jack;

[0046] The bracket and the base 7 are fixedly mounted on the assembly platform 10 by bolts and nuts respectively. The assembly platform 10 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes, and the hydraulic jack can be detachably mounted on one of the mounting holes by bolts and nuts.

[0047] The invention realizes automatic clamping of the workpiece by means of a pneumatic cylinder connected to an air pump; adjusts the center height of the workpiece to be assembled by adjusting a lead screw by a hand wheel and cooperating with a jack bracket assembly; and freely adjusts the support position by adjusting the installation position of the jack bracket assembly on an assembly table.

[0048] Furthermore, the fixed end of the pneumatic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the bracket through a flange, bolts and nuts; the pneumatic cylinder controls the stroke of the output shaft through compressed air pumped into it by an air source, thereby controlling the up and down movement of the upper clamping block 2.

[0049] Furthermore, the pneumatic cylinder is a piston-type double-acting adjustable buffer pneumatic cylinder with controllable stroke.

[0050] Furthermore, the opposite sides of the upper clamping block 2 and the lower clamping block 3 are both arc surfaces, which are used to better clamp the cylindrical wheel axle workpiece.

[0051] Furthermore, the output shaft of the pneumatic cylinder is connected to the threaded hole in the center of the upper clamp 2 through a thread; an adjusting nut is installed on the output shaft of the pneumatic cylinder for tightening after adjusting the installation position of the upper clamp 2; after the upper clamp 2 is installed on the output shaft of the pneumatic cylinder, it is adjusted until the arc surface of the upper clamp 2 is perpendicular to the center axis of the workpiece in the vertical plane, and then the position of the upper clamp 2 can be fixed by tightening the adjusting nut.

[0052] Furthermore, the top of the lead screw 4 is a stepped shaft structure, and the stepped shaft structure is installed in the stepped hole at the bottom center of the lower clamping block 3 through clearance fit.

[0053] Furthermore, a handwheel 5 is fixedly mounted outside the lead screw 4, and the handwheel 5 is used to drive the lead screw 4 to rotate in the lead screw seat 6 to output a controllable stroke; the lead screw 4 and the handwheel 5 are connected by a key and fastened by a nut.

[0054] Furthermore, the screw seat 6 is fixedly mounted on the base 7 by bolts and nuts.

[0055] Furthermore, the top of the output shaft of the hydraulic jack is a stepped shaft structure, and the stepped shaft structure is installed in the stepped hole at the bottom of the arc-shaped cushion block through clearance fit.

[0056] Furthermore, it also includes an L-shaped baffle 11, the horizontal plate of the baffle 11 is provided with a through hole, the baffle 11 is sleeved on the outside of the screw seat 6 through the through hole, and the baffle 11 is used to assist in positioning the workpiece through the vertical plate.

[0057] Furthermore, a cushion block 8 is installed on the assembly table 10. The cushion block 8 is located between the bracket and the hydraulic jack and is used to support a workpiece with a large diameter.

[0058] Furthermore, the table top of the assembly table 10 is made of a steel plate of a certain thickness, and the bottom of the table top is provided with support legs welded from seamless square steel pipes and channel steels. The assembly table 10 is used to install various device components to meet the production needs of different products.

[0059] like Figure 5 As shown in (1)-(4), the rail vehicle wheel axle heat-shrinking device of the present invention is used to heat-shrink the rail vehicle wheel axle, and the specific process is as follows:

[0060] (1) Calculate the center clamping height of the axle according to the diameter of the wheel workpiece to be pressed, turn the hand wheel 5 to rotate the screw 4, and adjust the height of the lower clamp 3;

[0061] (2) Place the journal of one end of the axle on the lower clamp 3, adjust the installation position of the jack bracket assembly 9 on the assembly table 10 so that it can be supported at a suitable position on the axle and does not block the assembly position of the components, and adjust the support height of the output shaft of the hydraulic jack so that the axle can be kept level;

[0062] (3) Turn on the air pump, and the compressed air enters the pneumatic cylinder. The output shaft of the pneumatic cylinder drives the upper clamp block 2 to move downward and cooperate with the lower clamp block 3 to clamp the axle;

[0063] (4) After the axle is firmly clamped, the gears, wheels and other components can be hot-installed.

[0064] According to the device for realizing hot-loading of rail vehicle wheel axles described in the present invention, various components can also be installed on the assembly table, such as installing rails and supporting trolleys, so that the device is not limited to the support of optical axles, but can also be used for clamping and supporting axles with various parts (such as supporting axle boxes), thereby not being limited to the execution of hot-loading processes, but can be expanded to be suitable for applications with different assembly processes.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for realizing the thermal installation of a rail vehicle axle, characterized in that: Includes pneumatic cylinder assembly, fixture, lead screw, base, jack stand assembly and assembly table; The pneumatic cylinder assembly comprises a pneumatic cylinder and a bracket, wherein the fixed end of the pneumatic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the bracket; the clamp is located between the pneumatic cylinder and the base; The clamp comprises an upper clamp block and a lower clamp block which are arranged opposite to each other; the upper clamp block is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the pneumatic cylinder; the top of the lead screw is fixedly connected to the lower clamp block, and the bottom is rotatably mounted on the lead screw seat through a thread, and the lead screw seat is fixedly mounted on the base; rotating the lead screw can drive the lower clamp block to move up and down, thereby adjusting the height of the lower clamp block; The upper clamping block is driven to move up and down by the pneumatic cylinder, so that the upper clamping block and the lower clamping block can clamp or release the workpiece; The jack support assembly includes a hydraulic jack and an arc-shaped pad, wherein the arc-shaped pad is fixedly mounted on the top of the output shaft of the hydraulic jack; the clamp is used to clamp the end of the workpiece, and the hydraulic jack assembly is used to support the front end of the workpiece, and the workpiece is kept level by adjusting the stroke of the output shaft of the hydraulic jack; The bracket and the base are respectively fixedly mounted on the assembly platform, and a plurality of mounting holes are arranged on the assembly platform. The hydraulic jack can be detachably mounted on one of the mounting holes by means of bolts and nuts.

2. The device for realizing the shrink-fitting of a rail vehicle axle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pneumatic cylinder controls the stroke of the output shaft through the compressed air pumped in by the air source, thereby controlling the up and down movement of the upper clamping block.

3. The device for realizing the shrink-fitting of a rail vehicle axle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opposite sides of the upper clamping block and the lower clamping block are both arc surfaces.

4. The device for realizing the shrink-fitting of a rail vehicle axle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output shaft of the pneumatic cylinder is connected to the threaded hole in the center of the upper clamping block through a thread; an adjusting nut is installed on the output shaft of the pneumatic cylinder for tightening after adjusting the installation position of the upper clamping block.

5. The device for realizing the shrink-fitting of a rail vehicle axle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the lead screw is a stepped shaft structure, and the stepped shaft structure is installed in the stepped hole at the center of the bottom of the lower clamping block through clearance fit.

6. The device for realizing the shrink-fitting of a rail vehicle axle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A handwheel is fixedly mounted outside the lead screw, and the handwheel is used to drive the lead screw to rotate in the lead screw seat to output a controllable stroke; the lead screw and the handwheel are connected by a key and fastened by a nut.

7. The device for realizing the shrink-fitting of a rail vehicle axle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the output shaft of the hydraulic jack is a stepped shaft structure, and the stepped shaft structure is installed in the stepped hole at the bottom of the arc-shaped cushion block through clearance fit.

8. The device for realizing the shrink-fitting of a rail vehicle axle according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an L-shaped baffle, wherein a horizontal plate of the baffle is provided with a through hole, and the baffle is sleeved outside the screw seat through the through hole, and the baffle is used to assist in positioning the workpiece through the vertical plate.

9. The device for realizing the shrink-fitting of a rail vehicle axle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cushion block is also installed on the assembly platform, and the cushion block is located between the bracket and the hydraulic jack.

10. The device for realizing shrink-fitting of a rail vehicle axle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The table top of the assembly table is made of steel plates, and supporting legs are arranged at the bottom of the table top.

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