Large pressure vessel horizontal assembly clearance control device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a large pressure vessel horizontal assembly clearance control device and method, the device comprises a locking screw, a tensioning plate, a clearance cushion block, a bolt, a locking bolt, a limiting bolt, a compression bolt, a guide positioning pin, an elastic locking clamp, a rear cover assembly and a shell, and the tensioning plate is matched with the clearance cushion block to control the assembly clearance; the gap cushion block is completely and tightly attached to the shell, the tensioning plate is arranged in a clamping groove of the gap cushion block, the advancing distance of the tensioning plate can be limited by screwing down the pressing bolt, and the gap between the rear cover assembly and the shell is controlled. The locking screw and the locking bolt are respectively inserted into corresponding positions of the gap cushion block through the bolt, so that the locking screw and the locking bolt are firmly connected; the limiting bolt is inserted into the limiting holes of the tensioning plate, the shell and the rear cover assembly in a penetrating mode, it is guaranteed that the tensioning plate, the shell and the rear cover assembly are coaxial in the assembling process, and displacement of the tensioning plate is prevented. The tool is simple and reliable in structure, high in bearing capacity, low in price, convenient to operate and good in using effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical processing, and in particular to a device and method for controlling a gap in a horizontal assembly of a large pressure vessel. Background Art

[0002] Many structures in the aerospace field are composed of various parts such as large pressure vessels that are nested or assembled with each other, and it is necessary to ensure that the gap between the parts meets certain precision requirements after assembly. However, due to processing errors or local deformation caused by other external forces, the parts may contact and collide with each other during the assembly process, and the assembly accuracy may be insufficient, or even the assembly cannot be completed. When manufacturing large pressure vessels with large openings, the shell and the back cover assembly need to be assembled. During the assembly process, it must be ensured that the two components are coaxial and the end faces are parallel; in addition, in order to ensure a good sealing effect, a sealing ring is generally provided on the end face of the back cover assembly. If the assembly gap is uneven or the accuracy is insufficient, the sealing ring will be squeezed and damaged. Therefore, it is necessary to design an assembly gap control device to assist the assembly of the shell and back cover assembly of large pressure vessels to ensure that the assembly gap meets the accuracy requirements.

[0003] At present, there is no public information on the horizontal assembly gap control device specifically for the assembly of the shell and rear cover assembly of large-sized and large-opening pressure vessels. When manufacturing large-sized and large-opening pressure vessels, the shell and rear cover assembly need to be assembled. Since the shell and rear cover assembly are heavy, usually weighing more than several hundred kilograms, the traditional method is to adopt a vertical assembly method, that is, directly placing the shell of the pressure vessel vertically in the pit, and hoisting the rear cover assembly to a suitable position, and then continuously adjusting and docking the pressure vessel shell for assembly.

[0004] The vertical assembly method does not use any auxiliary assembly tooling. During the assembly process, parts are prone to contact and collision with each other, and the assembly accuracy is insufficient. The end faces cannot be leveled and the axis cannot be aligned quickly, and the assembly may even be impossible to complete. In addition, the sealing ring is easily squeezed during the assembly process. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on the above problems, the present invention provides a horizontal assembly gap control device for large pressure vessels to solve the problems of mutual contact and collision of parts during assembly, insufficient assembly accuracy, and even inability to complete assembly due to local deformation caused by processing errors or other external forces when assembling the shell and rear cover assembly of large pressure vessels with large openings, thereby ensuring that the assembly gap meets the accuracy requirements and does not damage the sealing structure between the parts.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, one of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a large pressure vessel horizontal assembly gap control device, including: locking screw a2, tension plate 3, gap pad 4, bolt M6×20 5, locking bolt b6, limit bolt 7, clamping bolt 8, guide positioning pin 9, elastic locking card 10, rear cover assembly 11, shell 12,

[0007] The tensioning plate 3 and the gap pad 4 cooperate to control the assembly gap; the gap pad 4 and the housing 12 are completely and tightly fitted, the tensioning plate 3 is placed in the slot of the gap pad 4, and tightening the clamping bolt 8 can limit the forward distance of the tensioning plate 3 and control the gap between the rear cover assembly and the housing;

[0008] Through the bolt M6×20 5, insert the locking screw a2 and the locking bolt b 6 into the corresponding positions of the gap spacer 4 respectively to firmly connect the two;

[0009] The limiting bolt 7 is inserted through the limiting holes of the tension plate 3, the housing 12 and the rear cover assembly 11 to ensure that the two are coaxial during the assembly process and prevent the tension plate 3 from being displaced;

[0010] The guide positioning pin 9 is inserted into the housing 12 and docked with the rear cover assembly 11 for assembly.

[0011] Furthermore, the locking screw a2, the tensioning plate 3, the gap pad 4, the bolt M6×20 5, the locking bolt b6, the limit bolt 7, the clamping bolt 8, the guide positioning pin 9 and the elastic locking card 10 are all made of 30CrMnSiA material.

[0012] Furthermore, the tensioning plate 3 is “L”-shaped, and the tensioning plate 3 is assembled with the rear cover assembly 11 to ensure that the side surface and the opening end surface of the rear cover assembly 11 are closely fitted with the inner surface of the tensioning plate 3 respectively.

[0013] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a method for horizontally assembling a gap control device for a large pressure vessel, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0014] S1: Move the shell 12 and the rear cover assembly 11 of the large pressure vessel to the assembly table for rough docking assembly. After they are in place, insert the guide positioning pins 9 into the positioning holes provided in the shell 12 and the rear cover assembly 11 for positioning. At this time, there is still a distance between the shell 12 and the rear cover assembly 11, which is the width difference between the tension plate 3 and the gap pad 4;

[0015] S2: Assemble the “L”-shaped tensioning plate 3 and the rear cover assembly 11 to ensure that the side surface and the opening end surface of the rear cover assembly 11 are closely fitted to the inner surface of the tensioning plate 3 respectively;

[0016] S3: Insert the limiting bolt 7 through the limiting holes of the tensioning plate 3, the housing 12 and the rear cover assembly 11, and ensure that the two are coaxial during the assembly process to prevent the tensioning plate 3 from being displaced;

[0017] S4: Insert the clamping bolt 8 through the corresponding holes of the tension plate 3, the housing 12 and the rear cover assembly 11, which is used to adjust the gap between the housing 12 and the rear cover assembly 11 later. It does not need to be fully tightened before assembly;

[0018] S5: Assemble the gap block 4 and the tension plate 3, completely put the tension plate 3 into the slot of the gap block 4, use the bolt M6×20 5, insert the locking screw a 2 and the locking bolt b 6 into the corresponding positions of the gap block 4 respectively, and firmly connect the two;

[0019] S6: After all the above parts are assembled, the dial gauge 1 is fixed to the tension plate 3 by means of the elastic locking clip 10 and the locking screw a2, so as to ensure that the measuring rod of the dial gauge 1 can move up and down flexibly;

[0020] S7: Repeat the above operation three times, and evenly distribute three assembly gap control devices on the circumference of the housing 12 and the rear cover assembly 11. When performing fine assembly, three people are required to slowly tighten the clamping bolt 8 at the same time, so that the left end face of the tensioning plate 3 is completely in contact with the left end face of the gap pad 4, and no displacement can occur. At this time, the gap between the rear cover assembly and the housing is controlled by the cooperation of the tensioning plate 3 and the gap pad 4. During the twisting process, it is necessary to always pay attention to the value pointed by the pointer of the dial indicator 1, and use the dial indicator 1 to detect the value to determine whether the gap size meets the accuracy requirement;

[0021] S8: After the assembly is in place, stop the action and remove the parts of the assembly gap control device in reverse order of assembly to complete the assembly work.

[0022] Furthermore, the side surface of the S2 "L"-shaped tensioning plate 3 is consistent with the shape of the opening end surface of the rear cover assembly 11, and the width is larger than the opening end surface of the rear cover assembly 11 to ensure that the mating surfaces are completely fitted.

[0023] Furthermore, after the S5 is assembled, the left end face of the gap pad 4 must be parallel to and tightly fit with the bayonet surface of the opening end face of the shell 12, ensuring that the shell 12 and the rear cover assembly 11 remain parallel and coaxially connected during the assembly process while controlling the gap between the two.

[0024] Furthermore, before detecting the gap size, the S6 must first reset the dial indicator to zero so that its pointer points to the "0" scale.

[0025] The above one or more technical solutions of the present invention have at least one or more of the following technical effects:

[0026] The device of the present invention can effectively solve the problems of mutual contact and collision of parts during assembly, insufficient assembly precision, or even inability to complete assembly due to processing errors or local deformation caused by other external forces when assembling the shell and rear cover assembly of a large-sized pressure vessel with a large opening, and ensure that the assembly gap meets the precision requirements and does not damage the sealing structure between the parts.

[0027] The device of the present invention can quickly level the end faces of parts and align the axis. Its use allows vertical assembly to be transformed into horizontal assembly, thus avoiding the risks that may exist in the process of hoisting parts that are too heavy.

[0028] The tooling structure of the present invention is simple and reliable, has strong bearing capacity, is low in price, is easy to operate and has good use effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 : Front view of the assembly gap control device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 : A cross-sectional view of the assembly gap control device of the present invention; Specific implementation plan

[0031] A large pressure vessel horizontal assembly gap control device is mainly composed of a dial indicator 1, a locking screw a 2, a tension plate 3, a gap pad 4, a bolt M6×20 5, a locking bolt b 6, a limit bolt 7, a clamping bolt 8, a guide positioning pin 9 and an elastic locking card 10. Except for the dial indicator, the other parts are made of 30CrMnSiA material.

[0032] During assembly, place the shell 12 of the large pressure vessel flat on the assembly table, use a carriage to move the rear cover assembly 11 to the assembly table, and perform rough docking assembly with the shell 12. After it is in place, insert the guide positioning pin 9 into the positioning holes opened in the shell 12 and the rear cover assembly 11 for positioning. At this time, the gap between the shell 12 and the rear cover assembly 11 is about 10mm. Put the "L"-shaped tension plate 3 into the slot of the gap pad 4, use the bolt M6×20 5, and insert the locking screw a 2 and the locking bolt b 6 into the corresponding positions of the gap pad 4 respectively to firmly connect the two. After the assembly is completed, it is assembled with the rear cover assembly 11 to ensure that the side and the open end face of the rear cover assembly 11 are tightly fitted with the inner surface of the tensioning plate 3 respectively; the side face of the "L"-shaped tensioning plate 3 is consistent with the shape of the open end face of the rear cover assembly 11, and the width is greater than the open end face of the rear cover assembly 11 to ensure that the matching surface is completely fitted; the left end face of the gap pad 4 must be parallel to the bayonet surface of the open end face of the shell 12 to ensure that the shell 12 and the rear cover assembly 11 remain parallel and docked during the assembly process; the limiting bolt 7 is inserted through the limiting holes of the tensioning plate 3, the shell 12 and the rear cover assembly 11, which can not only ensure that the two are coaxial during the assembly process but also prevent the tensioning plate 3 from being displaced; the clamping bolt 8 is inserted through the corresponding holes of the tensioning plate 3, the shell 12 and the rear cover assembly 11 for subsequent adjustment of the gap between the shell 12 and the rear cover assembly 11, and it does not need to be fully tightened before assembly;

[0033] After all the above parts are assembled, fix the dial indicator 1 on the tension plate 3 with the elastic locking card 10 and the locking screw a2 to ensure that the measuring rod of the dial indicator 1 can move up and down flexibly. Before detecting the size of the gap, first reset the dial indicator to zero so that its pointer points to the "0" scale. Repeat the above operation three times, and evenly distribute three assembly gap control devices on the circumference of the shell 12 and the back cover assembly 11. When starting to assemble, three people are required to slowly tighten the clamping bolt 8 at the same time. During the tightening process, always pay attention to the value pointed by the pointer of the dial indicator 1. Use the dial indicator 1 to detect the value to determine whether the gap size meets the accuracy requirements. Stop the action after the assembly is in place, and remove the parts of the assembly gap control device in the reverse order of assembly to complete the assembly work.

[0034] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in combination with the embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the obtained embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] A large pressure vessel horizontal assembly gap control device is mainly composed of a dial indicator 1, a locking screw a 2, a tension plate 3, a gap pad 4, a bolt M6×20 5, a locking bolt b 6, a limit bolt 7, a clamping bolt 8, a guide positioning pin 9 and an elastic locking card 10. Except for the dial indicator, the other parts are made of 30CrMnSiA material.

[0036] The cross-sectional view of the assembly gap control device of the present invention is shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 The cross-sectional view of the assembly gap control device of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown in (a) to (d), during assembly, the shell 12 of the large pressure vessel is placed flat on the assembly table, and the rear cover assembly 11 is moved to the assembly table by a carriage, and roughly docked with the shell 12 is assembled. After it is in place, the guide positioning pins 9 are inserted into the positioning holes opened in the shell 12 and the rear cover assembly 11 for positioning. At this time, there is still a distance between the shell 12 and the rear cover assembly 11, which is the width difference between the tension plate 3 and the gap pad 4.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown in the BB cross-sectional view in (c), the "L"-shaped tensioning plate 3 is assembled with the rear cover assembly 11 to ensure that the side surface and the opening end surface of the rear cover assembly 11 are closely fitted with the inner surface of the tensioning plate 3 respectively; the side surface of the "L"-shaped tensioning plate 3 and the opening end surface of the rear cover assembly 11 are consistent in shape, and the width is larger than the opening end surface of the rear cover assembly 11 to ensure that the matching surfaces are completely fitted;

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown in the CC cross-sectional view in (d), the limiting bolt 7 is inserted through the limiting holes of the tension plate 3, the housing 12 and the rear cover assembly 11, which not only ensures that the two are coaxial during the assembly process but also prevents the tension plate 3 from being displaced;

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown in the DD cross-sectional view in (e), the clamping bolt 8 is inserted through the corresponding holes of the tension plate 3, the housing 12 and the rear cover assembly 11, which is used to subsequently adjust the gap between the housing 12 and the rear cover assembly 11, and does not need to be fully tightened before assembly;

[0040] Then assemble the gap pad 4 and the tension plate 3, put the tension plate 3 completely into the slot of the gap pad 4, use the bolt M6×20 5, insert the locking screw a 2 and the locking bolt b 6 into the corresponding position of the gap pad 4, and firmly connect the two. After the assembly is completed, the left end face of the gap pad 4 must be parallel to and tightly fit with the bayonet surface of the opening end face of the shell 12, ensuring that the shell 12 and the rear cover assembly 11 remain parallel and coaxially connected during the assembly process, while controlling the gap between the two;

[0041] After all the above parts are assembled, fix the dial gauge 1 on the tension plate 3 with the elastic locking card 10 and the locking screw a 2 to ensure that the measuring rod of the dial gauge 1 can move up and down flexibly. Before checking the size of the gap, the dial gauge must be reset to zero so that its pointer points to the "0" scale.

[0042] Repeat the above operation three times, and evenly distribute three assembly gap control devices on the circumference of the shell 12 and the rear cover assembly 11. When performing fine assembly, three people are required to slowly tighten the clamping bolt 8 at the same time, so that the left end face of the tensioning plate 3 is completely in contact with the left end face of the gap pad 4, and no displacement can occur. At this time, the gap between the rear cover assembly and the shell is controlled by the cooperation of the tensioning plate 3 and the gap pad 4, and the two will not collide or squeeze. During the twisting process, always pay attention to the value pointed by the pointer of the dial indicator 1, and use the dial indicator 1 to detect the value to determine whether the gap size meets the accuracy requirements. Stop the action after the assembly is in place, and remove the parts of the assembly gap control device in the reverse order of assembly to complete the assembly work.

[0043] The device mainly controls the assembly gap by the cooperation between the tension plate 3 and the gap pad 4; the gap pad 4 and the housing 12 are completely and tightly fitted. Since the tension plate 3 is placed in the slot of the gap pad 4, when the clamping bolt 8 is tightened, the forward distance of the tension plate 3 can be limited, that is, the gap between the rear cover assembly and the housing is controlled. When the clamping bolt 8 cannot be tightened at all, that is, the left end face of the tension plate 3 is completely fitted with the left end face of the gap pad 4, it indicates that the rear cover assembly 11 and the housing 12 have been assembled in place. At the same time, the detection value of the dial indicator 1 is used to further determine whether the gap between the two meets the accuracy requirements.

[0044] The horizontal assembly gap control device for large-sized and large-opening pressure vessels of the present invention has been applied and verified in the assembly of shell and rear cover assemblies of multiple large-sized and large-opening pressure vessels. The gaps after assembly all meet the precision requirements, and there are no bumps or other quality problems during the assembly process, and the sealing structure between the parts is intact.

[0045] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the embodiments of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A large pressure vessel horizontal assembly gap control device, characterized in that: include: Locking screw a (2), tension plate (3), gap spacer (4), bolt M6×20 (5), locking bolt b (6), limit bolt (7), clamping bolt (8), guide positioning pin (9), elastic locking card (10), rear cover assembly (11), housing (12), The tensioning plate (3) and the gap pad (4) cooperate to control the assembly gap; the gap pad (4) and the housing (12) are completely and tightly fitted, and the tensioning plate (3) is placed in the slot of the gap pad (4). When the clamping bolt (8) is tightened, the forward distance of the tensioning plate (3) can be limited, that is, the gap between the rear cover assembly and the housing is controlled; Insert the locking screw a (2) and the locking bolt b (6) into the corresponding positions of the gap spacer (4) through the bolt M6×20 (5) to firmly connect the two. The limiting bolt (7) is inserted through the limiting holes of the tensioning plate (3), the housing (12) and the rear cover assembly (11) to ensure that the two are coaxial during assembly and to prevent the tensioning plate (3) from being displaced; The guide positioning pin (9) is inserted into the housing (12) and is butt-jointed with the rear cover assembly (11).

2. The large pressure vessel horizontal assembly gap control device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The locking screw a (2), the tensioning plate (3), the gap pad (4), the bolt M6×20 (5), the locking bolt b (6), the limiting bolt (7), the clamping bolt (8), the guide positioning pin (9) and the elastic locking clamp (10) are all made of 30CrMnSiA material.

3. The large pressure vessel horizontal assembly gap control device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The tensioning plate (3) is in an "L" shape, and is assembled in cooperation with the rear cover assembly (11) to ensure that the side surface and the opening end surface of the rear cover assembly (11) are respectively tightly fitted with the inner surface of the tensioning plate (3).

4. The method for horizontally assembling a gap control device for a large pressure vessel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: S1: The shell (12) and the rear cover assembly (11) of the large pressure vessel are moved to the assembly table for rough docking and assembly. After they are in place, the guide positioning pins (9) are inserted into the positioning holes provided in the shell (12) and the rear cover assembly (11) for positioning. At this time, there is still a distance between the shell (12) and the rear cover assembly (11), and the distance is the width difference between the tension plate (3) and the gap pad (4); S2: Assemble the "L"-shaped tensioning plate (3) and the rear cover assembly (11) to ensure that the side surface and the opening end surface of the rear cover assembly (11) are closely fitted to the inner surface of the tensioning plate (3); S3: inserting the limiting bolt (7) through the limiting holes of the tensioning plate (3), the housing (12) and the rear cover assembly (11), ensuring that the two are coaxial during the assembly process to prevent the tensioning plate (3) from being displaced; S4: Insert the clamping bolt (8) through the corresponding holes of the tension plate (3), the housing (12) and the rear cover assembly (11) to adjust the gap between the housing (12) and the rear cover assembly (11) later. It is not necessary to tighten it completely before assembly. S5: Assemble the gap spacer (4) and the tension plate (3), completely insert the tension plate (3) into the slot of the gap spacer (4), and insert the locking screw a (2) and the locking bolt b (6) into the corresponding positions of the gap spacer (4) with the bolt M6×20 (5) to firmly connect the two. S6: After all the above parts are assembled, the dial gauge (1) is fixed to the tension plate (3) using the elastic locking clip (10) and the locking screw a (2) to ensure that the measuring rod of the dial gauge (1) can move up and down flexibly; S7: Repeat the above operation three times, and evenly distribute three assembly gap control devices on the circumference of the housing (12) and the rear cover assembly (11). When performing fine assembly, three people are required to slowly tighten the clamping bolt (8) at the same time, so that the left end face of the tensioning plate (3) is completely in contact with the left end face of the gap pad (4) and no displacement can occur. At this time, the gap between the rear cover assembly and the housing is controlled by the cooperation of the tensioning plate (3) and the gap pad (4). During the tightening process, it is necessary to always pay attention to the value pointed by the pointer of the dial indicator (1), and use the dial indicator (1) to detect the value to determine whether the gap size meets the accuracy requirements; S8: After the assembly is in place, stop the action and remove the parts of the assembly gap control device in reverse order of assembly to complete the assembly work.

5. The method for controlling the gap of horizontal assembly of large pressure vessels according to claim 4 is characterized in that: After the S5 is assembled, the left end face of the gap pad (4) must be parallel to and tightly fitted with the bayonet face of the opening end face of the shell (12), so as to ensure that the shell (12) and the rear cover assembly (11) remain parallel and coaxially connected during the assembly process while controlling the gap between the two.

6. The method for controlling the gap of horizontal assembly of large pressure vessels according to claim 4, characterized in that: Before detecting the gap size, the dial indicator S6 must be reset to zero so that its pointer points to the "0" scale.

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