Structure for converting plate heat exchanger structure into water electrolyser structure and method for converting structure into water electrolyser structure

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of water electrolysis hydrogen production, belongs to the field of water electrolysis hydrogen production, and particularly relates to a water electrolyzer in a water electrolysis hydrogen production system, in particular to a plate heat exchanger applied to the field of water electrolysis hydrogen production through improvement in the field of heat exchangers. The cathode collector plates (1) and (2) are made of two fixed clamping plates, the anode collector plate (3) is made of a middle partition plate, the units are located between the cathode collector plates (1) and (2) and the anode collector plate (3) and composed of bipolar plate assemblies (4) and diaphragm sealing assemblies (5), and the clamping bolt assemblies (6) are distributed on the peripheries of the cathode end plates (1) and (2) and the anode plate (3) and used for fastening an electrolytic cell. The upper guide rail (7) and the lower guide rail (8) are used for sliding the cathode collector plate (1) or (2) and the anode collector plate (3), the supporting columns (9) are used for supporting the upper guide rail (7) and the lower guide rail (8), and the filter pressing type frame structure electrolytic bath has seven structural forms listed in the 3.4.2 table 2 of the plate heat exchanger GB16409-1996 standard. When the electrolytic cell works, the pressure can reach 1.6 MPa, the maximum hydrogen yield can reach 3000Nm < 3 > / h, and indexes such as hydrogen purity, oxygen purity and unit power consumption are at the same level as those of an electrolytic cell with a traditional structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to a conversion invention, that is, the plate heat exchanger in the field of heat exchangers is improved and applied to the field of water electrolysis hydrogen production, belongs to the field of water electrolysis hydrogen production, and particularly relates to a water electrolyzer in a water electrolysis hydrogen production system. Background Art

[0002] In the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, the electrolyzer is the core equipment of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system. At present, the positive and negative current collecting plates and bipolar plates of the water electrolyzer in the industry are mostly carbon steel plates processed by machinery (lathe, milling machine, drilling machine) to form an annular pole frame with flow channel holes and branch channel grooves, and then the stamped flow field plate is welded inside the pole frame, and finally electroplated to form a bipolar plate unit assembly. When installing the electrolyzer, the end plate (anode end plate or cathode end plate) is placed horizontally on the workbench, and the sealing gasket, bipolar plate, anode, diaphragm, and cathode of the electrolyzer are stacked in sequence like the process of stacking building blocks to form multiple identical units. See the attached Figure 1 , 2 、3.

[0003] Although all electrolytic cells in the industry currently adopt this structure, this electrolytic cell also has many disadvantages.

[0004] 1. Complex structure, high processing and material costs The processing of bipolar plates for electrolytic cells is complex and requires multiple processes including cutting, rough turning, fine turning, drilling, milling, die stamping, welding, weld leak testing, overall electroplating, and patching. The cost is high and there is a certain scrap rate.

[0005] 2. Cannot be installed and repaired on site During the assembly process of the electrolyzer, it must be assembled vertically to ensure the positioning of the bipolar plates, diaphragms, and gaskets. This means that if there is a problem inside the electrolyzer or the electrodes, diaphragms, or plates are replaced during overhaul, the electrolyzer must be adjusted from the original horizontal state to a vertical state, and a vertical assembly platform and a factory building of a certain height are required. For large electrolyzers with an output of more than 1000Nm3 / h, the height of the factory building must be at least 14-18 meters below the hook to meet the requirements. This requires the total height of the factory building to reach 20-25 meters. Therefore, it is difficult for the factory building that is generally operated on site to meet the requirements and must be transported to the repair workshop for maintenance.

[0006] 3. The electrolytic cell is large in size and heavy in weight, and the lifting and transportation costs are high. The greater the output, the longer the electrolytic cell is, and the higher the height at which the electrolytic cell is placed in a vertical state when it is inspected or assembled. For the electrolytic cell with an output of 1000Nm3 / h that is common in the market, the height is 7-8 meters and the weight is more than 50 tons. If the output reaches 2000-3000 cubic meters, the size and weight are larger, the length is close to ten meters, and the weight is close to 100 tons. This requires that the electrolytic cell assembly and maintenance site needs a crane and trailer of more than 100 tons for lifting and transportation. The investment in infrastructure and transportation equipment of the electrolytic cell production plant is also very high. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of this conversion invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned traditional electrolytic cell and design an electrolytic cell which is simple to process, low in cost, small in size, light in weight and suitable for on-site installation and maintenance.

[0008] The task of the present invention is to utilize the plate heat exchanger structure to convert it into a water electrolyzer structure and method thereof, including a cathode current collecting plate made of two fixed clamps and an anode current collecting plate made of a middle partition, a plurality of units composed of a bipolar plate assembly and a diaphragm sealing assembly located between the cathode current collecting plate and the anode current collecting plate, and a plurality of clamping bolt assemblies distributed around the cathode end plate and the anode plate for fastening the electrolyzer, and an upper guide rail, a lower guide rail and pillars supporting the upper and lower guide rails for sliding the cathode current collecting plate or the anode current collecting plate. The filter press frame structure electrolyzer has the seven structural forms listed in Table 2 of Article 3.4.2 of the "Plate Heat Exchanger GB16409-1996" standard.

[0009] The plate heat exchanger structure is converted into a water electrolyzer structure and method, and the upper guide rail, the lower guide rail, the support and the anode current collecting plate, the cathode current collecting plate, and the rolling device installed thereon or the contacting parts are installed with insulating devices or insulated.

[0010] The claimed use of a plate heat exchanger structure for a water electrolyzer structure and method thereof, the bipolar plate assembly is a metal plate assembly composed of a cathode and an anode welded on both sides of a plate having a plate heat exchanger structure, wherein the plate has all or part of the structural features of a plate heat exchanger plate, is rectangular or square, and can even be made into a circular or irregular shape, and has a certain number and interval of stamped reinforcement grooves on the inner side of the periphery to enhance rigidity and strength; a stamped outer sealing groove for external sealing is provided on the inner side of the reinforcement groove; a flow channel for the flow of fluid (electrolyte, hydrogen, oxygen) is provided on the inner side of the outer sealing groove, and a stamped inner sealing groove for internal sealing is also provided around these flow channel openings; The areas inside the outer sealing groove and the inner sealing groove are provided with stamped concave-convex corrugations for fluid circulation. The cathode and anode are welded on the crests of the corrugated areas on the front and back sides by resistance welding or ultrasonic welding. The cavity gaps formed between the cathode and anode and the troughs are the cathode chamber and anode chamber of the bipolar plate assembly. The corrugations of the plate have the five structural forms and fluid flow characteristics (unilateral flow or diagonal flow) listed in Table 1 of Article 3.4.1 of the "Plate Heat Exchanger GB16409-1996" standard.

[0011] The claimed plate heat exchanger structure is converted into a water electrolyzer structure and method thereof, wherein the diaphragm sealing assembly is a membrane-gasket integrated structure formed by pressing and vulcanizing a gasket and a diaphragm through a mold, and the outer edge of the diaphragm and the inner edge of the gasket are pressed and vulcanized through a mold, presenting a coated integrated structure; the outer peripheral edge of the sealing assembly is provided with a certain interval and number of vulcanized buckle structures, which can cooperate with the reinforcement grooves on the outer side of the plate periphery to fix the sealing assembly on the surface of the bipolar plate assembly; the plane geometric dimensions of the sealing assembly are the same as those of the plate or slightly larger than the outer edge, and it also has the same flow channel opening as the plate, and also has the same fluid direction as the plate (unilateral flow or diagonal flow); and the sealing parts on the front and back sides of the sealing gasket are provided with raised sealing ribs, which cooperate with the outer sealing groove and the inner sealing groove of the plate to play the role of external sealing and internal sealing; on these raised sealing ribs, a certain width, depth and number of fluid grooves are provided near the flow channel opening along the direction of the fluid flow path. The distribution of these fluid grooves is consistent with the direction of the fluid flowing through the plate surface, that is, the flow channel openings corresponding to the unilateral flow or diagonal flow direction are distributed to form a connecting structure.

[0012] The claimed plate heat exchanger structure is converted into a water electrolyzer structure and method, wherein multiple units assembled from bipolar plate assemblies and diaphragm sealing assemblies form a series structure, and the flow channel openings of the multiple units also form series channels that are respectively connected to the oxygen side or hydrogen side interface at the upper end of the cathode current collecting plate and the electrolyte interface at the lower end.

[0013] In the claimed method of converting the plate heat exchanger structure into a water electrolyzer structure, the raised ribs distributed on both sides of the sealing component are provided with grooves of a certain width, depth and number at positions near the flow channel opening in the direction of the fluid flow path. The distribution of these grooves is consistent with the direction of the fluid flowing through the plate surface, that is, the unilateral flow or diagonal flow direction distribution.

[0014] The plate heat exchanger structure is converted into a water electrolyzer structure and method, and the plate material is titanium or titanium alloy, nickel or nickel alloy or carbon steel surface is nickel-plated.

[0015] The plate heat exchanger structure is converted into a water electrolyzer structure and method, and the gasket is made of EPDM rubber or fluororubber that is resistant to acid and alkali corrosion.

[0016] The electrolyzer can be installed on site, repaired and parts replaced The structure of the electrolyzer is the same as that of a plate heat exchanger, and the diaphragm seal assembly and the bipolar plate assembly can be replaced on site just like replacing the plates and gaskets of a plate heat exchanger.

[0017] The bipolar plate assembly has a simple structure, and the material and processing costs are greatly reduced.

[0018] The plates in the bipolar plate assembly can be molded in one step using a plate heat exchanger plate mold, which has high production efficiency and low cost. The plates and the anode and cathode are welded by resistance spot welding or ultrasonic spot welding. The welding process saves time and effort. Therefore, both the material cost and the processing cost are much lower than those of traditional mechanically processed bipolar plates.

[0019] The assembled electrolyzer is small in size and light in weight The plates in the bipolar plate assembly of the electrolytic cell of the present invention are 1-1.5 mm thick. Compared with the 10-12 mm bipolar plates of the conventional electrolytic cell, the material thickness is greatly reduced, and the volume and weight of the assembled electrolytic cell are also greatly reduced accordingly.

[0020] 4. Traditional machined bipolar plates use pole frames with a thickness of more than 10 mm. In order to adapt to the corrosion conditions of the electrolytic cell, nickel plating is required. If pure nickel plates are used for processing, the cost of nickel materials will be very high. Therefore, in practical applications, only carbon steel plates can be nickel-plated. The bipolar plate assembly material of the present invention is pressed from 1-1.5 plates, which can be pressed into shape with pure nickel plates. Due to its light weight, the material cost will not increase much, but the working life can be greatly extended. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 The figure shows the bipolar plate machined commonly used in the industry. Figure 2 Show Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of Figure 3 Show Figure 1 The electrolytic cell after structural assembly Figure 4 The present invention uses the plate heat exchanger structure to convert it into a water electrolyzer structure diagram In the figure, 1-cathode current collecting plate; 2-cathode current collecting plate; 3-anode current collecting plate; 4-bipolar plate assembly; 5-diaphragm sealing assembly; 6-clamping bolt assembly; 7-upper guide rail; 8-lower guide rail; 9-pillar; 10-rolling device; a, b-hydrogen side or oxygen side interface; c, d-electrolyte interface.

[0023] Figure 5 Figure 1 shows the structure of the bipolar plate assembly In the figure, 4-bipolar plate assembly; (4-1)-plate; (4-2)-cathode and anode; Figure 6 Plate structure diagram In the figure, (4-1) - plate; (4-1-1) - reinforcement groove; (4-1-2) - outer sealing groove; (4-1-3) - inner sealing groove; (4-1-4) - corrugation; (4-1-1-a, 4-1-1-b, 4-1-1-c, 4-1-1-d) - flow channel opening.

[0024] Figure 7 Diaphragm seal assembly structure diagram In the figure, 5 is a diaphragm sealing assembly; (5-1) is a gasket; (5-2) is a diaphragm; (5-3) is a snap-fit ​​structure; (5-1-1) is a sealing rib; (5-1-1-n) is a fluid groove; (5-1-a, 5-1-b, 5-1-c, 5-1-d) is a flow channel opening.

[0025] Figure 8 Schematic diagram showing the flow direction of electrolyte fluid on the square surface of the diaphragm seal assembly in a unilateral flow structure In the figure, (5-1-a, 5-1-b, 5-1-c, 5-1-d) - flow channel openings; (5-1-1-n) - fluid grooves.

[0026] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram showing the flow direction of electrolyte fluid on the square surface of the diaphragm seal assembly in the diagonal flow structure In the figure, (5-1-a, 5-1-b, 5-1-c, 5-1-d) - flow channel openings; (5-1-1-n) - fluid grooves. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following is combined with Figure 4-9The implementation method and effects are further described.

[0028] See attached Figure 4 , using the plate heat exchanger structure to convert it into a water electrolyzer structure and method, including a cathode current collecting plate 1, 2 made of two fixed clamps and an anode current collecting plate 3 made of a middle partition, a plurality of units consisting of a bipolar plate assembly 4 and a diaphragm sealing assembly 5 located between the cathode current collecting plates 1, 2 and the anode current collecting plate 3, and a plurality of clamping bolt assemblies 6 distributed around the cathode end plates 1, 2 and the anode plate 3 for fastening the electrolyzer, and an upper guide rail 7 for sliding the cathode current collecting plate 1 or 2 and the anode collecting plate 3, a lower guide rail 8 and a support 9 for supporting the upper guide rail 7 and the lower guide rail 8. The filter press frame structure electrolyzer has the seven structural forms listed in Table 2 of Article 3.4.2 of the "Plate Heat Exchanger GB16409-1996" standard.

[0029] During the operation of the electrolytic cell, the current is introduced from the anode current collecting plate 3, and then is led out to the cathode current collecting plates 1 and 2 through multiple units composed of the bipolar plate assembly 4 and the diaphragm sealing assembly 5. In this process, the current passes through the electrolyte flowing through the anode chamber and the cathode chamber to electrolyze and generate oxygen and hydrogen. Since the anode current collecting plate 3 is connected to the upper guide rail 7, the upper guide rail 7 is connected to the support 9 and the lower guide rail 8, and the lower guide rail 8 is connected to the cathode current collecting plates 1 and 2, in order to avoid the current directly from the anode collecting plate 3 through the upper guide rail 7, the support 9, and the lower guide rail 8 to the cathode current collecting plates 1 and 2, causing a short circuit, an insulating device is installed or an insulating treatment is performed on the upper guide rail 7, the lower guide rail 8, the support 9 and the rolling device 10 installed on the anode collecting plate 3 and the cathode collecting plate 1 and 2 or the contacting part. The insulation can be achieved by installing an insulating sleeve on the guide rail and installing a non-metallic roller on the rolling device.

[0030] See attached Figure 5 , 6The bipolar plate assembly 4 is a metal plate-shaped assembly composed of a cathode and an anode 4-2 welded on both sides of a plate 4-1 having a plate heat exchanger structure, wherein the plate 4-1 has all or part of the structural features of a plate heat exchanger plate, and is rectangular or square, or can even be made into a circular or irregular shape, and a certain number and interval of stamped reinforcement grooves 4-1-1 are provided on the inner side of the periphery to enhance rigidity and strength; a stamped outer sealing groove 4-1-2 for external sealing is provided on the inner side of the reinforcement groove 4-1-1; flow channels 4-1-a, 4-1-b, 4-1-c, and 4-1-d for the flow of fluid electrolyte, hydrogen, and oxygen are provided on the inner side of the outer sealing groove 4-1-2, and inner sealing grooves 4-1-3 for internal sealing are also provided on the periphery of these flow channels; The areas inside the outer sealing groove 4-1-2 and the inner sealing groove 4-1-3 are provided with stamped corrugations 4-1-4 of concave and convex shapes for fluid circulation. The cathode and anode 4-2 are welded on the crests of the corrugations 4-1-4 areas on both sides by resistance welding or ultrasonic welding. The cavity gaps formed between the cathode and anode 4-2 and the troughs are the cathode chamber and anode chamber of the bipolar plate assembly 4. The corrugations 4-1-4 of the plate 4-1 have the five structural forms and fluid flow characteristics (unilateral flow or diagonal flow) listed in Table 1 of Article 3.4.1 of the "Plate Heat Exchanger GB16409-1996" standard. The above-mentioned grooves and corrugations can be stamped once by processing the stamping die.

[0031] See attached Figure 7The diaphragm sealing assembly 5 is a membrane-gasket integrated structure formed by pressing and vulcanizing the gasket 5-1 and the diaphragm 5-2 through a mold. The outer edge of the diaphragm 5-2 and the inner edge of the gasket 5-1 are pressed and vulcanized through a mold, presenting a covered integrated structure; the outer peripheral edge of the sealing assembly 5 is provided with a certain interval and number of vulcanized buckle structures 5-3, which can cooperate with the reinforcement grooves 4-1-1 on the outer side of the plate 4-1 to fix the sealing assembly 5 on the surface of the bipolar plate assembly 4; the plane geometric dimensions of the sealing assembly 5 are the same as those of the plate 4-1 or slightly larger at the outer edge, and also have the same flow channel opening 5-1 as the plate 4-1 -a, 5-1-b, 5-1-c, 5-1-d, also have the same fluid direction (unilateral flow or diagonal flow) as the plate 4-1; and the sealing parts on both sides of the sealing gasket 5-1 are provided with raised sealing ribs 5-1-1, which cooperate with the outer sealing groove 4-1-2 and the inner sealing groove 4-1-3 of the plate 4-1 to play the role of external sealing and internal sealing; on these raised sealing ribs 5-1-1, fluid grooves 5-1-1-n with a certain width, depth and number are provided at the positions near the flow channel openings 5-1-a, 5-1-b, 5-1-c, 5-1-d along the direction of the fluid flow path. The distribution of these fluid grooves 5-1-1-n is consistent with the direction of the fluid flowing through the surface of the plate 4-1, that is, the distribution of the unilateral flow or diagonal flow direction and the flow channel opening corresponding to the fluid direction form a connecting structure.

[0032] The processing of the diaphragm sealing component 5 can be achieved by placing the diaphragm material in a rubber mold, pressing it with the rubber material, and then placing the pressed workpiece into a vulcanizing bed for vulcanization to obtain a diaphragm sealing component with an integrated membrane pad. All structures can be realized through the processed mold.

[0033] Refer to the attached Figure 4 , 5 The multiple units assembled by the bipolar plate assemblies 4, 6, 7 and the diaphragm sealing assembly 5 form a series structure, and the flow channel openings of the multiple units also form series channels that are respectively connected to the oxygen side or hydrogen side interfaces a, b at the upper ends of the cathode current collecting plates 1, 2 and the electrolyte interfaces c, d at the lower ends.

[0034] In order to prevent the plate 4 - 1 from being corroded in the electrolyte (alkaline electrolyte), the material thereof is selected to be titanium or titanium alloy, nickel or nickel alloy or the surface of carbon steel is nickel-plated.

[0035] In order to prevent the gasket 5 - 1 from decomposing in the electrolyte (alkaline electrolyte), the material thereof is EPDM rubber or fluororubber which is resistant to acid and alkali corrosion.

[0036] Refer to the attached Figure 1 , 8During the operation of the electrolyzer, in the unilateral flow structure of the diaphragm sealing assembly, the electrolyte entering from the lower electrolyte interface d of the cathode current collector 2 enters from the lower flow channel 5-1-1-d of each unit composed of the bipolar plate assembly 4 and the diaphragm sealing assembly 5 from bottom to top, and then enters the cathode chamber (or anode chamber) of the bipolar plate assembly 4 through the distributed multiple fluid grooves 5-1-1-n. Under the action of the current, the cathode (or anode) 4-2 on the front side of the diaphragm 5-2 and the anode (or cathode) on the back side of the diaphragm produce a mixed flow of hydrogen (or oxygen) and electrolyte generated by the reduction (or oxidation) reaction through the multiple fluid grooves 5-1-1-n distributed at the upper end, and enters the channel composed of the flow channel 5-1-a at the upper end and is output from the hydrogen side or oxygen side interface a of the cathode current collector 1; The electrolyte entering from the lower electrolyte interface c of the cathode current collector 2 enters from the lower flow channel 5-1-1-c of each unit composed of the bipolar plate assembly 4 and the diaphragm sealing assembly 5 from bottom to top, and then enters the anode chamber (or cathode chamber) of the bipolar plate assembly 4 through the distributed multiple fluid grooves 5-1-1-n. Under the action of the current, the anode (or cathode) 4-2 on the back of the diaphragm 5-2 and the cathode (or anode) on the front of the diaphragm produce an oxidation (or reduction) reaction to generate a mixed flow of oxygen (or hydrogen) and electrolyte through the multiple fluid grooves 5-1-1-n distributed at the upper end, and enters the channel composed of the flow channel 5-1-b at the upper end and is output from the hydrogen side or oxygen side interface b of the cathode current collector 1.

[0037] See attached Figure 1 , 9 During the operation of the electrolyzer, in the diagonal flow structure of the diaphragm sealing assembly, the electrolyte entering from the lower electrolyte interface c of the cathode current collector 2 enters from the lower flow channel 5-1-1-c of each unit composed of the bipolar plate assembly 4 and the diaphragm sealing assembly 5 from bottom to top, and then enters the cathode chamber (or anode chamber) of the bipolar plate assembly 4 through the distributed multiple fluid grooves 5-1-1-n. Under the action of the current, the cathode (or anode) 4-2 on the front side of the diaphragm 5-2 and the anode (or cathode) on the back side of the diaphragm produce a mixed flow of hydrogen (or oxygen) and electrolyte generated by the reduction (or oxidation) reaction through the multiple fluid grooves 5-1-1-n distributed at the upper end, and enters the channel composed of the flow channel 5-1-a at the upper end and is output from the hydrogen side or oxygen side interface a of the cathode current collector 1; The electrolyte entering from the lower electrolyte interface d of the cathode current collector 2 enters from the lower flow channel 5-1-1-d of each unit composed of the bipolar plate assembly 4 and the diaphragm sealing assembly 5 from bottom to top, and then enters the anode chamber (or cathode chamber) of the bipolar plate assembly 4 through the distributed multiple fluid grooves 5-1-1-n. Under the action of the current, the anode (or cathode) 4-2 on the back of the diaphragm 5-2 and the cathode (or anode) on the front of the diaphragm produce an oxidation (or reduction) reaction to generate a mixed flow of oxygen (or hydrogen) and electrolyte through the multiple fluid grooves 5-1-1-n distributed at the upper end, and enters the channel composed of the flow channel 5-1-b at the upper end, and is output from the hydrogen side or oxygen side interface b of the cathode current collector 1; When the electrolyzer of the present invention is working, the working pressure is the same as that of the plate heat exchanger, which can reach 1.6MPa. According to the current maximum single plate area of ​​4.75 of the plate heat exchanger, the plate heat exchanger structure is converted into a water electrolyzer, and the maximum hydrogen production capacity of a single cell can reach 3000Nm3 / h. The length of the electrolyzer is 1 / 4 of the length of the traditional electrolyzer, and the total material and production costs are reduced by about 1 / 4. The weight of the electrolyzer is 1 / 5 of that of the traditional structure electrolyzer. The indicators such as hydrogen purity, oxygen purity, and unit power consumption are at the same level as those of the traditional structure electrolyzer.

Claims

1. Using the plate heat exchanger structure to convert it into a water electrolyzer structure and method thereof, characterized in that The electrolytic cell structure possesses all or part of the structural features of "Plate Heat Exchanger GB16409-1996", including a cathode current collecting plate (1), (2) made of two fixed clamping plates and an anode current collecting plate (3) made of an intermediate partition plate, a plurality of units located between the cathode current collecting plates (1), (2) and the anode current collecting plate (3) and composed of a bipolar plate assembly (4) and a diaphragm sealing assembly (5), and a plurality of clamping bolt assemblies (6) distributed around the cathode end plates (1), (2) and the anode plate (3) for fastening the electrolytic cell, and an upper guide rail (7) and a lower guide rail (8) for sliding the cathode current collecting plate (1) or (2) and the anode current collecting plate (3) and a support (9) for supporting the upper guide rail (7) and the lower guide rail (8), and a filter press frame structure electrolytic cell. The filter press frame structure electrolytic cell has the seven structural forms listed in Table 2 of Article 3.4.2 of "Plate Heat Exchanger GB16409-1996".

2. The method of converting the plate heat exchanger structure into a water electrolyzer structure and method according to claim 1, characterized in that An insulating device is installed or an insulating treatment is performed on the contacting parts between the upper guide rail (7), the lower guide rail (8), the support (9) and the rolling device (10) installed on the anode current collecting plate (3) and the cathode current collecting plate (1), (2).

3. The method of converting the plate heat exchanger structure into a water electrolyzer structure and method according to claim 1, characterized in that The bipolar plate assembly (4) is a metal plate-shaped assembly formed by welding a cathode and an anode (4-2) on both sides of a plate (4-1) having a plate heat exchanger structure, wherein the plate (4-1) has all or part of the structural features of a plate heat exchanger plate, is rectangular or square, and can even be made into a circular or irregular shape, and has a certain number of and intervals of stamped reinforcement grooves (4-1-1) on the inner side of the periphery for enhancing rigidity and strength; a stamped outer sealing groove (4-1-2) for external sealing is provided on the inner side of the reinforcement groove (4-1-1); flow channels (4-1-a), (4-1-b), (4-1-c), and (4-1-d) for the circulation of fluids (electrolyte, hydrogen, oxygen) are provided on the inner side of the outer sealing groove (4-1-2), and a stamped inner sealing groove (4-1-3) for internal sealing is also provided on the periphery of these flow channels; The areas inside the outer sealing groove (4-1-2) and the inner sealing groove (4-1-3) are provided with stamped concave-convex corrugations (4-1-4) for fluid circulation. The cathode and the anode (4-2) are welded on the crests of the corrugations (4-1-4) on the front and back sides by resistance welding or ultrasonic welding. The cavity gaps formed between the cathode and the anode (4-2) and the troughs are the cathode chamber and the anode chamber of the bipolar plate assembly (4). The corrugations (4-1-4) of the plate (4-1) have the five structural forms and fluid flow characteristics (unilateral flow or diagonal flow) listed in Table 1 of Article 3.4.1 of the "Plate Heat Exchanger GB16409" standard.

4. The method of converting the plate heat exchanger structure into a water electrolyzer structure and method according to claim 1, characterized in that The diaphragm sealing assembly (5) is a membrane-gasket integrated structure formed by pressing and vulcanizing a gasket (5-1) and a diaphragm (5-2) through a mold, and the outer edge of the diaphragm (5-2) and the inner edge of the gasket (5-1) are pressed and vulcanized through a mold, presenting a wrapped integrated structure; the outer peripheral edge of the sealing assembly (5) is provided with a certain interval and number of vulcanized buckle structures (5-3), which can cooperate with the reinforcement grooves (4-1-1) on the outer side of the plate (4-1) to fix the sealing assembly (5) on the surface of the bipolar plate assembly (4); the plane geometric dimensions of the sealing assembly (5) are the same as those of the plate (4-1) or slightly larger than the outer edge, and also have the same flow channel opening (5-1-a) as the plate (4-1). ), (5-1-b), (5-1-c), (5-1-d), and also have the same fluid direction (unilateral flow or diagonal flow) as the plate (4-1); and the sealing parts on the front and back sides of the sealing gasket (5-1) are provided with raised sealing ribs (5-1-1), and these ribs cooperate with the outer sealing groove (4-1-2) and the inner sealing groove (4-1-3) of the plate (4-1) to play the role of external sealing and internal sealing; on these raised sealing ribs (5-1-1), at positions close to the flow channel openings (5-1-a), (5-1-b), (5-1-c), (5-1-d) along the direction of the fluid flow path, there are fluid grooves (5-1-1-n) of a certain width, depth and number. The distribution of these fluid grooves (5-1-1-n) is consistent with the direction of the fluid flowing through the surface of the plate (4-1), that is, the distribution of the unilateral flow or diagonal flow direction and the flow channel opening corresponding to the fluid direction form a connecting structure.

5. The method of converting the plate heat exchanger structure into a water electrolyzer structure and method according to claim 1, characterized in that A plurality of units assembled from a bipolar plate assembly (4) and a diaphragm seal assembly (5) form a series structure, and the flow channel openings of the plurality of units also form series channels that are respectively connected to the oxygen side or hydrogen side interfaces (a), (b) at the upper ends of the cathode current collecting plates (1), (2) and the electrolyte interfaces (c), (d) at the lower ends.

6. The method of converting the plate heat exchanger structure into a water electrolyzer structure and method according to claim 1, characterized in that The plate (4-1) is made of titanium or titanium alloy, nickel or nickel alloy or carbon steel with nickel plating on the surface.

7. The method of converting the plate heat exchanger structure into a water electrolyzer structure and method according to claim 1, characterized in that The material of the gasket (5-1) is EPDM rubber or fluororubber which is resistant to acid and alkali corrosion.

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