Reusable steel open caisson

Abstract

The reusable steel open caisson comprises standard sections, stand columns and loading assemblies, the standard sections are evenly divided into even number of standard blocks, side columns are arranged on the two sides of each standard block and are formed by hollow columns, and slotted holes are evenly formed in one sides of the side columns; a rectangular reinforcing box body is arranged on the inner side and is used for applying downward pressure to press into the open caisson or applying upward jacking force to pull up the open caisson; a stand column is arranged between any two standard blocks, and through grooves are formed in the two sides of the stand column and used for containing the two side columns of the standard blocks. Loading assemblies are arranged on the outer sides of the stand columns of the standard blocks and used for applying press-in force or jacking force; the main body of the loading assembly is a double-acting single-piston-rod oil cylinder, and a slewing mechanism is arranged at the head of a piston rod; and movable top teeth are arranged on the outer side of the slewing mechanism. The steel open caisson body structure can be recycled and reused, and the cost is reduced; a conventional upper pressing beam is omitted, pressure control is more accurate, posture control is more accurate, and the influence on sedimentation of surrounding building components is smaller.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a steel caisson used in the construction of an underground structure, in particular to a stacked steel shell caisson suitable for construction conditions in a soft soil layer. Background Art

[0002] Caissons can be used as retaining structures for underground structures. In the past, concrete structures were usually used, and the soil was taken out of the well to make it sink. Now, steel shells can be used to replace the original concrete caisson structure. After pressing into the original soil layer, the soil in the steel shell is taken out, and then the concrete lining is poured on the inner wall of the steel shell to finally form a complete caisson structure. As part of the caisson structure, the steel shell has a high cost. If the steel shell can be recycled, it is a way to reduce costs and increase profits. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is to provide a reusable steel caisson, which can be pressed into the original soil and can be pulled out after the concrete body of the well wall is poured, thereby solving the existing technical problems.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is: a reusable steel caisson, including standard segments, columns, and loading components. The standard segments are evenly divided into an even number of standard blocks. There are side columns on both sides of a single standard block, which are composed of hollow cylinders, and evenly divided slots are opened on one side of the side columns; there is a rectangular reinforcement box on the inside, which is used to apply downward pressure to press the caisson into the caisson, or apply upward force to pull up the caisson; a column is provided between any two standard blocks, and through grooves are opened on both sides of the column to accommodate the two side columns of the standard block; a loading component is arranged on the outside of the column of the standard block to apply a pressing force or a pulling force; the main body of the loading component is a double-acting single-piston rod cylinder, and a rotating mechanism is provided on the head of the piston rod; and a movable top tooth is arranged on the outside of the rotating mechanism.

[0005] Furthermore, the standard segment is welded from a single layer of steel plate; the cross section is circular, rectangular or polygonal other than rectangular; the outer surface is arranged with grid-like semicircular reinforcement ribs; and it is used to connect multiple groups of segments to reach the standard depth of the caisson.

[0006] Furthermore, the columns are arranged symmetrically, which facilitates the control of the shape and posture of the caisson.

[0007] Furthermore, a connecting plate is arranged between the columns, with a transverse pin hole on the connecting plate, and the connecting plates are connected into a whole by a pin shaft.

[0008] Furthermore, the foundation at the bottom of the loading component adopts anti-pullout anchor piles, and the loading component is fixedly connected to the foundation.

[0009] Furthermore, the movable top teeth are symmetrically arranged on both sides, the top teeth on one side can be rotated 90 degrees upward, and the top teeth on the opposite side can be rotated 90 degrees downward, and the top teeth are embedded in the slots of the standard blocks.

[0010] Furthermore, reusable steel caissons are used to stack standard sections to complete the caisson construction of a specified depth. After the concrete pouring of the inner well wall is completed, the caissons are pulled out in sections and pieces.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0012] (1) The main structure of the steel caisson can be recycled and reused, reducing costs.

[0013] (2) The conventional upper pressure beam is eliminated, the pressure control is more precise, the posture control is more accurate, and the impact on the settlement of surrounding building components is smaller.

[0014] (3) Pull out the soil in blocks and sections to reduce the pulling force and minimize the disturbance to the soil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic elevation view of the main structure of the reusable steel caisson of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic plan view of the main structure of the reusable steel caisson of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a schematic plan view of the component combination at the column of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the compression and sinking operation of the loading assembly of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the jacking work of the loading assembly of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a reusable steel caisson is used for pressure sinking construction, including a standard block 1, a column 2, a loading assembly 3, a cylinder 31, a rotating mechanism 32, a top tooth 33, a top tooth 34, a pin shaft 4, and a connecting plate 5.

[0022] The standard segments of a steel shell caisson are usually welded from a single layer of steel plates; the cross-section is mainly circular, but can also be other polygons such as a rectangle; a grid-like semicircular reinforcement rib is arranged on the outer surface; it is used to connect multiple groups of segments to reach the standard depth of the caisson.

[0023] The standard sections of the steel shell caisson are divided into an even number of standard blocks 1. There are side columns on both sides of a single block, which are hollow columns with evenly divided slots on one side of the side columns. There is a rectangular reinforced box on the inside, which is used to apply downward pressure to press the caisson into the caisson, or apply upward force to pull up the caisson.

[0024] There is a column 2 between any two standard blocks 1, and through grooves are opened on both sides of the column 2 for accommodating two side columns of the standard blocks.

[0025] The columns 2 are arranged symmetrically. Taking a circular steel caisson as an example, 4, 8, ... columns are usually arranged to facilitate the control of the shape and posture of the caisson.

[0026] A connecting plate 5 is arranged between the uprights 2, with transverse pin holes provided thereon, and the uprights 2 are connected into a whole by pins.

[0027] The loading assembly 3 is arranged outside the column of the standard block 1 to apply a pressing force or a pulling force. The foundation at the bottom of the loading assembly 3 is preferably an anti-pulling anchor pile, and the loading assembly 3 is fixedly connected to the foundation.

[0028] The main body of the loading assembly 3 is a double-acting single-piston rod oil cylinder 31, and a rotating mechanism 32 is provided at the head of the piston rod.

[0029] The movable top teeth 33 are arranged on the outer side of the rotating mechanism 32. The movable top teeth 33 are symmetrically arranged on both sides. The top teeth 33 on one side can be rotated 90 degrees upward, and the top teeth 33 on the opposite side can be rotated 90 degrees downward. The top teeth 33 can be embedded in the slots of the standard block 1.

[0030] This embodiment takes a circular caisson as an example to illustrate the present invention.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, arrange the first caisson section, first place the four columns 2 evenly at the pre-sinking position according to the diagram, place the four standard blocks 1 between the columns 2 respectively, and place the two side columns of the standard blocks 1 inside the through groove.

[0032] Then, the loading components 3 are placed on one side of the two side columns of the standard block 1, one on each side. The bottom foundation of the oil cylinder 31 is an anti-pullout anchor pile, and the oil cylinder 31 is fixed there; in this way, the loading components 3 are arranged at the corresponding positions of the remaining three standard blocks 1; and the oil pipes and circuits of the four oil cylinders 2 and the movable jack 3 are connected to the control station. At this point, the entire preparation work is completed and the pressure sinking begins.

[0033] When sinking begins, the piston rod of the oil cylinder 31 extends a stroke distance, and the top tooth 33 of the rotating mechanism 32 at the head of the piston rod is embedded in the slot of the side column of the standard block 1; then the oil cylinder 31 retracts, driving the column 1 and the standard block 1 to sink together, and starting to sink the first caisson section.

[0034] By externally measuring the posture of the first caisson segment during the sinking process and the settlement of surrounding building components, the pressure and retraction stroke parameters of the cylinders 31 of the four columns are controlled respectively. The downward pressure at a certain point can be paused, or even pulled upward to achieve the required sinking process parameters.

[0035] When the first caisson segment sinks to the predetermined position, it is ready to be connected to the second caisson segment.

[0036] Connect the columns 2 at the four fixed positions of the first caisson segment, connect the upper column 1 to the lower column 1 using the pin 4 and the connecting plate 5, and then insert the standard block 1 into the groove of the column 2 to complete the layout of the second caisson segment.

[0037] Referring to the process of pressing and sinking the first section of the caisson, the second section of the caisson is pressed to the same predetermined position. The above process is repeated to press and sink the third, fourth, ... nth sections of the caisson until the predetermined caisson depth is reached.

[0038] When the caisson has completed the sinking process, soil can be taken from the well, and then an internal formwork can be supported inside the caisson to complete the pouring of the concrete structure of the well wall and the concrete pouring of the bottom plate.

[0039] When the concrete pouring of the well wall and bottom plate is completed and reaches sufficient strength, the jacking up of the steel caisson can begin.

[0040] First, the standard block 1 of the caisson segment is symmetrically pulled out, and the description begins with the pulling out of the standard block 1 of a caisson segment: the piston rod of the cylinder 31 retracts to the bottom, the slewing mechanism 32 rotates 180 degrees, the top teeth 34 face the slot hole of the side column of the standard block 1, the piston rod of the cylinder 31 extends a stroke distance, and the top teeth 34 push the standard block 1 to move upward a stroke distance; the piston rod of the cylinder 31 retracts to the bottom, the top teeth 34 automatically rotate and leave the slot hole of the side column; then this process is repeated until the standard block 1 on one side is pushed to the predetermined position.

[0041] Then, after removing the nth section of standard block 1, start pulling out the n-1th section of standard block 1.

[0042] Third, the above-mentioned pulling-out steps are repeated until all the first section standard blocks 1 are pulled out of the ground and removed, and then the columns 2 are pulled out. In this way, the process of pulling out all the steel caissons is completed.

Claims

1. A reusable steel caisson, characterized in that: It includes standard segments, columns, and loading components. The standard segments are evenly divided into standard blocks. There are side columns on both sides of a single standard block. The side columns are hollow columns with evenly divided slots on one side. There is a rectangular reinforced box on the inside, which is used to apply downward pressure to press the caisson into the well, or apply upward force to pull up the caisson. There is a column between any two standard blocks, and through grooves are provided on both sides of the column to accommodate the two side columns of the standard block. The loading component is arranged on the outside of the column of the standard block to apply pressing force or pulling force. The main body of the loading component is a double-acting single-piston rod cylinder, and a rotating mechanism is arranged on the head of the piston rod; and movable top teeth are arranged on the outside of the rotating mechanism.

2. The reusable steel caisson according to claim 1, characterized in that: The standard segment is welded from a single layer of steel plate; the cross-section is circular, rectangular or polygonal other than rectangular; the outer surface is arranged with grid-like semicircular reinforcement ribs; it is used to connect multiple groups of segments to reach the standard depth of the caisson.

3. The reusable steel caisson according to claim 1, characterized in that: The columns are arranged symmetrically to facilitate the control of the shape and posture of the caisson.

4. The reusable steel caisson according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting plate is arranged between the columns, with transverse pin holes on it, and is connected into a whole by a pin shaft.

5. The reusable steel caisson according to claim 1, characterized in that: The foundation at the bottom of the loading component adopts anti-pullout anchor piles, and the loading component is fixedly connected to it.

6. The reusable steel caisson according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable top teeth are symmetrically arranged on both sides. The top teeth on one side can be rotated 90 degrees upward, and the top teeth on the opposite side can be rotated 90 degrees downward. The top teeth are embedded in the slots of the standard blocks.

7. The reusable steel caisson according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Reusable steel caissons are used to stack standard sections to complete the caisson construction of the specified depth. After the concrete pouring of the inner well wall is completed, the caissons are pulled out in sections and pieces.

Images