Pneumatic adjusting device and control method for vertical axis wind turbine generator

Abstract

The invention discloses a pneumatic adjusting device of a vertical axis wind turbine generator. The pneumatic adjusting device comprises a torque tower, brake blades, a driving system and a monitoring system. The torque tower is connected with a tower barrel of the wind turbine generator, the multiple brake blades are connected with a variable pitch bearing on the torque tower at intervals in the circumferential direction, the ends of the brake blades transversely extend outwards and gradually incline upwards, and each brake blade can rotate around the center shaft of the brake blade. The driving system is connected with all the brake blades and used for driving the brake blades to rotate around the center shafts of the brake blades. The monitoring system comprises a position sensor, a load sensor and a speed sensor. The position sensor, the load sensor and the speed sensor are electrically connected with the driving system and the brake blade and used for monitoring the pitch angle of the brake blade, the state of the driver and the load change, and the driving system adjusts rotation of the brake blade according to monitoring data. The pneumatic control method adopts the pneumatic adjusting device for the vertical axis wind turbine generator, and can assist the generator to be started and stopped smoothly, and the operation stage is stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation, and in particular to a pneumatic regulating device and a control method for a vertical axis wind turbine generator set. Background Art

[0002] Wind power generation is one of the important renewable energy sources in the world today, with the advantages of being clean, efficient, and sustainable. Wind turbines are mainly divided into two categories: horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWT) and vertical axis wind turbines (VAWT). Compared with horizontal axis wind turbines, vertical axis wind turbines have the following advantages: simple structure, low manufacturing cost, no need for active wind orientation, and are suitable for stable power generation in variable wind conditions. In addition, vertical axis wind turbines also demonstrate good adaptability and stability in complex application scenarios such as deep-sea floating wind farms and distributed wind farms with low noise requirements.

[0003] Vertical axis wind turbines face a number of technical bottlenecks during their development, especially in terms of braking, starting difficulties and control systems. These problems limit the performance and reliability of wind turbines.

[0004] First, the traditional mechanical brake system is prone to serious wear of the brake pads, requiring frequent maintenance, and is prone to stalling in extreme weather conditions, lacking fast and effective control methods. Starting difficulties are also a key issue, as vertical axis wind turbines are difficult to generate sufficient starting torque at low wind speeds, and their autonomous starting capabilities are weak, especially when wind speeds change frequently. Although motor-assisted starting can solve this problem to a certain extent, its high cost and complexity increase the burden on the system, especially for high-power wind turbines, where maintenance and energy consumption issues are more prominent.

[0005] In addition to the braking and starting problems, the shortcomings of the control system also significantly affect the operating performance of vertical axis fans. Compared with horizontal axis fans, the pneumatic control technology and system of vertical axis fans are not yet mature. The current control strategy mainly focuses on simple speed control and passive regulation, and cannot achieve dynamic adjustment and real-time optimization of the fan operating status. This limitation directly affects the efficiency of wind energy capture and reduces the overall stability of the system. Especially in the face of complex wind fields and extreme climatic conditions, the operating efficiency and reliability of vertical axis fans are affected.

[0006] In general, the reliability of the brake system, the difficulty of starting and the inadequacy of the control system have become the main obstacles to the further development of vertical axis wind turbines, which seriously restricts the industrial development of vertical axis wind turbines. Therefore, it is of great value and significance to propose an effective and reliable pneumatic adjustment control method and device for vertical axis wind turbines to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a pneumatic adjustment device and a control method for a vertical axis wind turbine unit, which can assist the unit in starting and stopping smoothly and running smoothly.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a pneumatic adjustment device for a vertical axis wind turbine generator set, comprising:

[0009] A torque tower connected to the tower of the wind turbine;

[0010] Braking blades, wherein a plurality of the braking blades are connected to the pitch bearing on the torque tower at circumferential intervals, and the ends of the braking blades extend laterally outward and gradually tilt upward, and each of the braking blades can rotate around its own central axis;

[0011] A driving system connected to all the brake blades and used to drive the brake blades to rotate around their central axes; and

[0012] The monitoring system includes a position sensor, a load sensor and a speed sensor, wherein the position sensor, the load sensor and the speed sensor are electrically connected to the drive system and the brake blade and are used to monitor the pitch angle, the drive state and the load change of the brake blade, and the drive system adjusts the rotation of the brake blade according to the monitoring data.

[0013] Furthermore, there are three brake blades.

[0014] Furthermore, the drive system includes a rotational power source, a driving gear and a driven gear, the rotational power source is used to drive the driving gear to rotate, the driving gear is connected to the driven gear, and the driven gear is connected to the pitch bearing.

[0015] Furthermore, the driven gear is an internal gear, and the driven gear is sleeve-connected and fixed to the variable pitch bearing.

[0016] It further includes a power supply system, which can provide electrical energy to the drive system.

[0017] A control method for a vertical axis wind turbine generator set, characterized in that the pneumatic adjustment device for a vertical axis wind turbine generator set as claimed in claims 1 to 5 is adopted, comprising:

[0018] During the unit startup phase, when the generator speed n is less than the starting speed n 1 , driving the pitch angle of the brake blade to 90° through the drive system, and keeping the generator torque at 0, so as to assist the wind turbine to increase its speed;

[0019] During the normal power generation stage of the unit, the generator speed does not reach the rated speed n rPreviously, the drive system was used to drive the brake blade's pitch angle to 0° and then maintain it, and the generator torque was adjusted using a PI controller to optimize its speed. After the generator speed reached the rated speed, the drive system was used to optimize and fine-tune the brake blade's pitch angle to stabilize the unit speed.

[0020] During the shutdown phase of the unit, the pitch angle of the brake blade driven by the drive system is quickly adjusted to 90°, which greatly increases the resistance of the wind wheel, rapidly reduces the speed of the generator set, and achieves a smooth shutdown by gradually adjusting the generator torque and the pitch angle of the brake blade.

[0021] Furthermore, when the generator speed is between the starting speed and the transition speed between different control intervals:

[0022] The pitch angle of the brake blades is adjusted to 0° to ensure maximum wind energy capture. The reference speed is the starting speed. The PI controller adjusts the generator torque to ensure that the generator set gradually reaches the optimal speed through torque regulation.

[0023] Furthermore, when the generator speed is between the transition speed and the rated speed in different control intervals:

[0024] Continue to maintain the pitch angle of the brake blade at 0°, use the PI controller to adjust the generator torque, and use the reference speed as the rated speed to achieve optimal torque adjustment.

[0025] Furthermore, when the generator speed reaches the rated value n r When the wind speed is 1000 Hz, a combined control method based on PI controller and adaptive dynamic optimization algorithm is introduced to optimize the pitch angle to resist instantaneous wind speed changes and maintain the speed stable at the rated value n. r ;

[0026] The generator torque maintains a constant output torque, and the optimization algorithm fine-tunes the pitch angle according to real-time wind speed changes to reduce the impact of speed fluctuations on output power.

[0027] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0028] The above-mentioned pneumatic regulating device of the vertical axis wind turbine group includes a torque tower, brake blades, a driving system and a monitoring system.

[0029] The torque tower is connected to the tower of the wind turbine. There are multiple brake blades, which are connected to the variable pitch bearing on the torque tower at circumferential intervals, and the ends of the brake blades extend laterally outward and gradually tilt upward, and each brake blade can rotate around its own central axis. The drive system is connected to all the brake blades, and is used to drive the brake blades to rotate around their own central axes to change the pitch angle of the brake blades. The monitoring system includes a position sensor, a load sensor, and a speed sensor. The position sensor, the load sensor, and the speed sensor are electrically connected to the drive system and the brake blades, and are used to monitor the pitch angle, the drive status, and the load changes of the brake blades, and the drive system adjusts the rotation of the brake blades according to the monitoring data.

[0030] The pneumatic control method of the vertical axis wind turbine unit realizes the auxiliary start-up of the wind turbine unit in the start-up phase, the power increase in the operation phase, and the coordinated safe shutdown of the pneumatic brake-torque maintenance in the shutdown phase through the pneumatic adjustment device proposed by the present invention and the coordinated control strategy of the speed-torque-brake blade pitch angle. The proposed method will effectively solve the problems encountered by the vertical axis unit in the start-up, shutdown and control, and promote the development of the vertical axis wind turbine technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the specific implementation. In all the drawings, each element or part is not necessarily drawn according to the actual scale.

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a pneumatic adjustment device for a vertical axis wind turbine generator set provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a pneumatic adjustment device for a vertical axis wind turbine generator system with brake blades installed on a torque tower is shown;

[0034] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the assembly of a driving gear, a driven gear and a pitch bearing in a pneumatic adjustment device of a vertical axis wind turbine is shown;

[0035] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The local schematic diagram of the A in the middle;

[0036] Figure 5 The dashed line is Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the position of the brake blades in the pneumatic adjustment device of a vertical axis wind turbine when the pitch angle is 90°; the straight line is Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the position of a brake blade in a pneumatic adjustment device of a vertical axis wind turbine when the pitch angle is 90°;

[0037] Figure 6 A control logic diagram of a pneumatic adjustment control method for a vertical axis wind turbine generator set provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the braking effect of a vertical axis wind turbine generator set pneumatic adjustment control method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the power increase effect of a pneumatic adjustment control method for a vertical axis wind turbine generator set provided by an embodiment of the present invention (power variation with wind speed at a 0° pitch angle of a V-shaped pneumatic adjustment rotor of a 750kW unit);

[0040] Reference numerals:

[0041] 100-tower, 200-brake blade, 300-torque tower, 310-pitch bearing, 400-drive system, 410-driving gear, 420-driven gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention are described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and are therefore only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0043] See also Figures 1 to 5 The present invention provides a pneumatic adjustment device for a vertical axis wind turbine, including a torque tower 300, a brake blade 200, a drive system 400 and a monitoring system.

[0044] Specifically, the torque tower 300 is connected to the tower 100 of the wind turbine. There are multiple brake blades 200, which are connected to the pitch bearing 310 on the torque tower 300 at circumferential intervals, and the ends of the brake blades 200 extend outward laterally and gradually tilt upward to form a V-shaped structure, and each brake blade 200 can rotate around its own central axis.

[0045] The drive system 400 is connected to all the brake blades 200 and is used to drive the brake blades 200 to rotate around their central axis so that the pitch angle of the brake blades 200 changes. The monitoring system includes a position sensor, a load sensor and a speed sensor. The position sensor, the load sensor and the speed sensor are electrically connected to the drive system 400 and the brake blades 200 and are used to monitor the pitch angle, the driver state and the load change of the brake blades 200, and the drive system 400 adjusts the rotation of the brake blades 200 according to the monitoring data.

[0046] When in use, the pneumatic adjustment device proposed by the present invention is combined with the coordinated control strategy of speed-torque-brake blade 200 pitch angle to adjust the pitch angle of the brake blade 200, so as to achieve auxiliary start-up in the unit start-up phase, power increase in the operation phase, and coordinated safe shutdown of pneumatic brake-torque maintenance in the shutdown phase. It can effectively solve the problems encountered by vertical axis units in starting, stopping and controlling, and promote the development of vertical axis wind turbine technology.

[0047] In a specific implementation, the number of the brake blades 200 may be 2-6. Preferably, considering factors such as installation convenience, cost-effectiveness, and adjustment effect, the number of the brake blades 200 may be 3.

[0048] In this embodiment, the drive system 400 includes a rotating power source, a driving gear 410 and a driven gear 420. The rotating power source is used to drive the driving gear 410 to rotate. In a specific implementation, the rotating power source can be selected as a motor capable of bidirectional rotation or any other power source that can drive the driving gear 410 to rotate forward or reverse. The driving gear 410 is connected to the driven gear 420, and the driven gear 420 is connected to the variable pitch bearing 310. When the driven gear 420 rotates, the brake blade 200 can be driven to rotate through the variable pitch bearing 310, thereby changing the pitch angle of the brake blade 200.

[0049] In this embodiment, the driven gear 420 is an internal gear, and the driven gear 420 is sleeved and fixed to the pitch bearing 310 . This arrangement can save installation space for the torque tower 300 .

[0050] As a preferred embodiment, the device further includes a power supply system, which can provide power to the drive system 400. The power supply system is an independent power supply, which can still perform emergency pitch change action of the brake blade 200 in emergency situations such as power failure.

[0051] In addition, the present invention also provides a control method for a vertical axis wind turbine set, which adopts the above-mentioned pneumatic adjustment device of the vertical axis wind turbine set to control the wind turbine set to perform auxiliary start-up in the start-up phase, power increase in the operation phase, and pneumatic brake-torque holding coordinated safety shutdown in the shutdown phase, and the control is divided into three stages, and the specific steps include:

[0052] During the unit startup phase (first phase): when the generator speed n is less than the starting speed n 1 , the pitch angle of the brake blade 200 is driven to 90° ( Figure 5 The solid line position), the generator torque remains at 0 ( Figure 5 The middle dotted line position) is used to assist the wind turbine to increase its speed;

[0053] During the normal power generation stage (second stage) of the unit: the generator speed does not reach the rated speed nr Previously, the pitch angle of the brake blade 200 was driven to 0° by the drive system 400 and then maintained, and the generator torque was adjusted by the PI controller to optimize the speed; the generator speed reached the rated speed n r Afterwards, the pitch angle of the brake blade 200 is optimized and fine-tuned through the drive system 400 to stabilize the rotation speed of the unit.

[0054] During the unit shutdown stage (the third stage): the pitch angle of the brake blade 200 driven by the drive system 400 is quickly adjusted to 90°, which greatly increases the wind wheel resistance, rapidly reduces the speed of the generator set, and achieves a smooth shutdown by gradually adjusting the generator torque and the pitch angle of the brake blade 200.

[0055] In this embodiment, during the start-up phase of the unit, the working principle of the pneumatic regulating device of the vertical axis wind turbine unit for control is:

[0056] When the generator speed n is less than the starting speed n 1 At this time, the wind turbine is in a non-generating state. At this time, the drive system 400 adjusts the pitch angle of the brake blade 200 to 90°, so that the brake blade 200 plays the role of a resistance-type wind turbine to accelerate the speed increase of the unit.

[0057] The specific operation method is:

[0058] Braking blade 200 pitch angle: The pitch angle is adjusted to 90°, increasing the resistance of the braking blade 200 and assisting in increasing the speed of the wind turbine.

[0059] Generator torque: Keep at 0 to avoid system loading.

[0060] The normal power generation stage of the unit is the control stage. In this stage, according to the change of generator speed, the normal power generation stage is further divided into three control areas (n 1 is the starting speed of the generator, n 12 is the transition speed between different control intervals, n r is the rated speed of the generator),

[0061] The first control area (maximum power point tracking area): when the generator speed n is at the starting speed n 1 The transition speed n between different control intervals 12 Between (n 1 <n<n 12 ):

[0062] The working principle of the pneumatic adjustment device is: adjust the pitch angle of the brake blade 200 to 0° to ensure the maximum wind energy capture, and the reference speed is the starting speed n 1 , through torque regulation, ensure that the generator set gradually reaches the optimal speed.

[0063] The specific control operation method is:

[0064] Blade pitch angle: Maintain 0° to ensure maximum wind energy capture.

[0065] Generator torque: The generator torque is adjusted using a PI controller, with the maximum torque upper limit being Torque_limit (Formula 1) and the reference speed being n 1 , to achieve the optimal torque adjustment, as shown in Equation 3.

[0066] Torque_limit = K opt *ω 2 (1)

[0067]

[0068] In the formula, K opt The key proportional coefficient to achieve maximum power output is: ω: unit speed, ρ: air density, A: unit swept area, C p,max : Maximum power coefficient of wind turbine, λ opt : Optimal tip speed ratio.

[0069] T Dem =T old +k pqs ·(ω new -ω old )+ΔT t ·k iqs ·(ω new -ω opt ) (3)

[0070] Where: ΔT t : time step difference, k pqs , k iqs : Adjustment coefficient in torque PI regulation, T Dem : Output torque requirement, T old : The required torque output at the previous moment, ω new : The current filtering speed, ω old : The filtering speed at the last moment, ω opt : Target speed.

[0071] The second control area (speed increase area), when the generator speed is between the transition speed and the rated speed in different control intervals (n 12 <n<n r ):

[0072] The working principle of the pneumatic control device is: keep the blade pitch angle at 0° and the reference speed at the rated speed n r .

[0073] The control strategy is:

[0074] Continue to maintain the pitch angle of the brake blades 200 at 0° to maximize energy capture.

[0075] Generator torque: The generator torque is adjusted using a PI controller, with the reference speed being the rated speed to achieve optimal torque adjustment.

[0076] Specifically:

[0077] The torque is adjusted using a PI controller, the maximum torque limit is Torque_limit (Formula 1), and the reference speed is n r , to achieve the best torque adjustment, as shown in formula 4:

[0078] T Dem =T old +k pqs ·(ω new -ω old )+ΔT t ·k iqs ·(ω opt -ω new ) (4)

[0079] Where: ΔT t : time step difference, k pqs , k iqs : The adjustment coefficient of KP\KI in torque PI adjustment, T Dem : Output torque requirement, T old : The required torque output at the previous moment, ω new : The current filtering speed, ω old : The filtering speed at the last moment, ω opt : Target speed.

[0080] The third control zone (constant power zone), the generator speed reaches the rated value n r :

[0081] The working principle of the pneumatic regulating device is: the generator speed reaches the rated value n r When the engine enters the constant power output area, the brake blades 200 degrees change the pitch angle to achieve stable speed.

[0082] Control strategy:

[0083] In this area, a combined control method based on PI controller and adaptive dynamic optimization algorithm is introduced to optimize the pitch angle to resist instantaneous wind speed changes and maintain the speed stable at n r .

[0084] Generator torque: Maintain constant output torque. The optimization algorithm fine-tunes the pitch angle according to real-time wind speed changes to reduce the impact of speed fluctuations on output power.

[0085] Pitch angle PI controller formula:

[0086] θ(t)=K p (t)*e(t)+K i (t)∫e(t)dt (5)

[0087] Where: θ(t) is the control output of the pitch angle, K p (t) is the proportional gain, k i (t) is the integral gain, e(t) is the speed error at the current moment (the difference between the target speed and the actual speed), and ∫e(t)dt is the integral term of the error.

[0088] Adaptive dynamic optimization algorithm:

[0089] The algorithm adjusts the gain parameters of the PI controller in real time to achieve the best response under different wind speed and load conditions:

[0090]

[0091] Among them, K p0 , K i0 : Initial gain value of PI controller. α, β: Adaptive coefficients, used to adjust the adjustment speed.

[0092] Objective function J:

[0093] J = ∫(n r -n(t)) 2 dt (8)

[0094] Among them, the objective function J represents the steady-state error of the system, and by adjusting K p and K i , minimize the sum of square errors and achieve speed stability.

[0095] During the unit shutdown phase:

[0096] The working principle of the pneumatic regulating device is: when the wind turbine needs to be shut down, the pitch angle of the blade 200 is quickly braked to 90°, which greatly increases the resistance of the wind turbine, quickly reduces the speed, and achieves a smooth shutdown by gradually adjusting the torque.

[0097] The specific operation method is:

[0098] The pitch angle of the brake blade 200 is quickly adjusted to 90°, forming maximum resistance and causing the unit speed to drop rapidly.

[0099] Generator torque: In the initial stage, it is set to the maximum generator torque Torque_max to increase the deceleration capacity, and gradually retract the propeller and adjust the torque.

[0100] Pitch control: A combined control method based on the PI controller and the adaptive dynamic optimization algorithm is introduced in the third control zone of the normal power generation stage. The pitch angle is optimized at a speed of 0.1 deg / s. Only the objective function is modified to formula (9). By minimizing J, the speed is reduced to the minimum.

[0101] Torque control: Maintain the maximum torque state until the speed drops to n 1 the following.

[0102] J = ∫n(t) 2 dt (9)

[0103] In an embodiment, the control logic principle from the unit startup stage to the unit shutdown stage can be Figure 6 The pneumatic braking effect can be seen in Figure 7 (Using the change sequence of wind wheel torque of 750kW unit (pneumatic brake opens after 85s)), the power increase effect can be referred to Figure 8 .

[0104] The above-mentioned pneumatic adjustment device and control method for the vertical axis wind turbine can effectively solve the startup, shutdown and control problems of the vertical axis wind turbine, and also greatly improve its pneumatic performance and operational reliability.

[0105] The advantages are as follows:

[0106] 1. Improve starting efficiency: During the startup phase of the unit, the brake blades 200 are adjusted to a 90° angle to form a resistance-type wind wheel, which effectively increases the aerodynamic resistance of the wind wheel, assists the unit in overcoming the problem of starting difficulties, and improves the autonomous starting capability of the vertical axis wind turbine under low wind speed conditions, thereby reducing dependence on motor-assisted starting and reducing system complexity and cost.

[0107] 2. Improve power generation performance: During the power generation stage, dynamic control of the rotation speed and output power is achieved by finely adjusting the pitch angle of the brake blade 200. This method optimizes the adjustment of the blade angle and adjusts the wind rotor speed to ensure that the unit can still maintain high wind energy capture efficiency when the wind speed changes, especially in unstable or complex wind fields, to show better wind energy utilization.

[0108] 3. Enhanced braking safety: During the shutdown phase, the brake blades 200 quickly increase the resistance of the entire unit by changing the pitch to 90 degrees, achieving pneumatic braking, and working in conjunction with the generator torque to ensure the safe shutdown of the wind turbine. This pneumatic braking method not only improves the braking response speed of the system, but also reduces the wear and maintenance requirements of the traditional mechanical brake system, and reduces the risk of stalling in extreme weather conditions.

[0109] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pneumatic adjustment device for a vertical axis wind turbine, characterized in that: include: A torque tower connected to the tower of the wind turbine; Braking blades, wherein a plurality of the braking blades are connected to the pitch bearing on the torque tower at circumferential intervals, and the ends of the braking blades extend laterally outward and gradually tilt upward, and each of the braking blades can rotate around its own central axis; A driving system connected to all the brake blades and used to drive the brake blades to rotate around their central axes; and The monitoring system includes a position sensor, a load sensor and a speed sensor, wherein the position sensor, the load sensor and the speed sensor are electrically connected to the drive system and the brake blade and are used to monitor the pitch angle, the drive state and the load change of the brake blade, and the drive system adjusts the rotation of the brake blade according to the monitoring data.

2. The pneumatic adjustment device for a vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the brake blades is 3.

3. The pneumatic adjustment device for a vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving system comprises a rotating power source, a driving gear and a driven gear. The rotating power source is used to drive the driving gear to rotate. The driving gear is connected to the driven gear, and the driven gear is connected to the pitch bearing.

4. The pneumatic adjustment device for a vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driven gear is an internal gear, and the driven gear is sleeve-connected and fixed to the variable pitch bearing.

5. The pneumatic adjustment device for a vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a power supply system, which can provide electrical energy to the driving system.

6. A control method for a vertical axis wind turbine, characterized in that: The pneumatic adjustment device for a vertical axis wind turbine generator set as claimed in claims 1 to 5 comprises: During the start-up phase of the unit, when the generator speed n is less than the starting speed n1, the pitch angle of the brake blade is driven to 90° by the drive system, and the generator torque is kept at 0 to assist the wind turbine unit in increasing its speed; During the normal power generation stage of the unit, the generator speed does not reach the rated speed n r Previously, the pitch angle of the brake blade was driven to 0° by the drive system and then maintained, and the generator torque was adjusted by the PI controller to optimize the speed; after the generator speed reached the rated speed, the pitch angle of the brake blade was driven by the drive system to optimize and fine-tune the speed of the unit; During the shutdown phase of the unit, the pitch angle of the brake blade driven by the drive system is quickly adjusted to 90°, which greatly increases the resistance of the wind wheel, rapidly reduces the speed of the generator set, and achieves a smooth shutdown by gradually adjusting the generator torque and the pitch angle of the brake blade.

7. The control method of a vertical axis wind turbine generator set according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the generator speed is between the starting speed n1 and the transition speed n1 between different control intervals 12 Between: The pitch angle of the brake blades is adjusted to 0° to ensure maximum wind energy capture. The reference speed is the starting speed. The PI controller adjusts the generator torque to ensure that the generator set gradually reaches the optimal speed through torque regulation.

8. The control method of a vertical axis wind turbine generator set according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the generator speed is at the transition speed n between different control intervals 12 With rated speed n r Between: Continue to maintain the pitch angle of the brake blade at 0°, use the PI controller to adjust the generator torque, and use the reference speed as the rated speed to achieve optimal torque adjustment.

9. The control method of a vertical axis wind turbine generator set according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the generator speed reaches the rated value n r When the wind speed is 1000 Hz, a combined control method based on PI controller and adaptive dynamic optimization algorithm is introduced to optimize the pitch angle to resist instantaneous wind speed changes and maintain the speed stable at the rated value n. r ; The generator torque maintains a constant output torque, and the optimization algorithm fine-tunes the pitch angle according to real-time wind speed changes to reduce the impact of speed fluctuations on output power.

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