Lightweight reinforced perovskite solar cell module and production process thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a light reinforced perovskite solar cell module and a production process thereof, and relates to the technical field of solar cells, and the light reinforced perovskite solar cell module structurally comprises a high-transmittance epoxy resin adhesive protection layer, a substrate, a perovskite cell layer, an adhesive film layer and a back plate which are sequentially stacked. The peripheries of the substrate, the perovskite cell layer, the adhesive film layer and the backboard are sealed. According to the perovskite solar cell module, the epoxy resin adhesive protection layer is arranged on the light incident surface of the perovskite solar cell module, so that the inner-layer substrate can be effectively protected, heat transfer can be effectively blocked by utilizing the heat insulation characteristic of the epoxy resin adhesive protection layer, and the purposes of reducing the overall temperature of the module and relieving the thermal decomposition of perovskite are achieved; therefore, the service life of the perovskite solar cell module is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solar cells, and in particular to a lightweight reinforced perovskite solar cell assembly and a production process thereof. Background Art

[0002] Solar cells are optoelectronic devices that use the photovoltaic effect of semiconductor interfaces to directly convert solar energy into electrical energy. Perovskite solar cells are a new type of third-generation solar cells that use organic-inorganic metal halide ABX3 as a light-absorbing material. They have the characteristics of high theoretical efficiency, high photoelectric absorption coefficient, low raw material cost, and simple process flow. The theoretical conversion efficiency of a single junction of a perovskite cell can reach 33.7%. The current highest has reached 25.7%, making it the most promising solar cell technology for the future. The structure of a perovskite solar cell (formally nip planar structure) includes an anode layer, a hole transport layer (HTL), a light-absorbing layer, an electron transport layer (ETL), and a cathode layer. The perovskite material used as the light-absorbing layer has a chemical structure of ABX3, and the A position is usually a formamidinium ion (HC(NH2) 2+ ), methylamine ion (CH3NH 3+ ) is represented by an organic cation, and the B position is usually Pb 2+ or Sn 2+ The X position is usually Cl. − Br − and I − Halogen anions. At present, conventional perovskite solar cell modules are composed of five major structures stacked together: conductive glass, perovskite cell, adhesive film layer, and backplane. The weight of the module is about 15kg / m 2 , and the conductive glass layer on its surface is very prone to fragmentation. The weight and surface strength of solar cell modules severely limit their application range, especially in consumer electronic products that require light weight, portability, and resistance to drop and wear. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a perovskite solar cell module that can meet the needs of light weight and portability while improving surface strength and impact resistance. Summary of the invention

[0003] A lightweight reinforced perovskite solar cell module structure, whose thickness is only 55% of the traditional perovskite solar cell module, and the lightweight reinforced module weighs only 8.2kg / m 2 The wear resistance and impact resistance of the component surface are improved, meeting the needs of solar cell components for use in consumer electronic products.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention includes: The present invention provides a lightweight reinforced perovskite solar cell module structure, the lightweight reinforced perovskite solar cell module structure comprises a high-transmittance epoxy resin adhesive protective layer, a substrate, a perovskite cell layer, an adhesive film layer and a back plate which are stacked in sequence; the substrate, the perovskite cell layer, the adhesive film layer and the back plate are sealed all around; The first surface of the perovskite cell layer of the solar cell module is bonded to the conductive surface of the substrate, and the second surface of the perovskite cell layer of the solar cell module is bonded to the adhesive film layer; the first surface of the perovskite cell layer is opposite to the second surface, and the epoxy resin adhesive protective layer is arranged on the non-conductive surface of the substrate; the conductive surface of the substrate is opposite to the non-conductive surface; the first surface of the back plate is bonded to the adhesive film layer, the junction box is arranged on the second surface of the back plate, and the first surface of the back plate is opposite to the second surface; An insulating tape is provided on the first surface of the back plate along the length direction, and a positive bus bar and a negative bus bar are laid on the insulating tape, the positive bus bar is connected to the positive electrode of the perovskite battery layer, and the negative bus bar is connected to the negative electrode of the perovskite battery layer; An opening is provided behind the back plate, and the positive bus bar and the negative bus bar are connected to the junction box on the second surface of the back plate at the opening through bus bar lead wires; Preferably, the thickness of the high-transmittance epoxy resin adhesive protective layer is 0.1 mm to 1.0 mm, and the light transmittance is 90%, and has the characteristics of hydrophobicity, high strength, corrosion resistance, good insulation and impact resistance; Preferably, the substrate is an ultra-thin tempered glass with a thickness of 0.4 mm to 1.5 mm, which is about 70% thinner than traditional tempered glass. The non-conductive surface of the substrate is the light-incoming surface and is in close contact with the epoxy resin protective layer; Preferably, the perovskite battery layer can be a perovskite battery nip type structure (hole transport layer, perovskite light absorption layer, electron transport layer in sequence) or a pin type structure (electron transport layer, perovskite light absorption layer, hole transport layer in sequence); Preferably, the adhesive film layer is a resin film with a thickness of 0.2 to 1.0 mm, and the resin film is made of EVA, EPE, POE or PVB material; Preferably, the back plate is made of CPC, TPC, KPC, TPE or TPT material, with a thickness of about 0.25 to 0.35 mm; or is ultra-thin tempered glass, which is consistent with the material and thickness of the substrate; Preferably, the encapsulation adhesive used to seal the substrate, the perovskite cell layer, the adhesive film layer and the backplane comprises butyl adhesive; Preferably, the positive busbar and the negative busbar are tinned copper strips with a thickness of 0.01 to 0.2 mm; Preferably, the insulating tape is made of PET or glass fiber reinforced material and has a thickness of 0.01 to 0.2 mm.

[0005] The present invention also provides a production process for a lightweight reinforced perovskite solar cell module, which is used to produce the above-mentioned lightweight reinforced perovskite solar cell module, comprising the following steps: Step S1, prenatal preparation; Step S2, substrate cleaning; Step S3, preparing a perovskite battery layer; Step S4, laser edge cleaning; Step S5, laying insulating tape, pasting conductive tape and bus bar; Step S6, stacking the substrate, the perovskite cell layer, the adhesive film layer and the backplane in sequence to form a laminated component; Step S7, placing the stacked parts to be laminated into the laminator cavity, laminating for 500s to 800s under vacuum, high temperature and high pressure conditions, so that the substrate and the perovskite cell layer are adhered to the back plate through the melted adhesive film, and forming a laminate after cooling; Step S8, preparing a protective layer of epoxy resin adhesive on the non-conductive surface of the substrate of the laminate; Step S9, curing the laminated component with the epoxy resin adhesive protective layer prepared; Step S10: Manual edge cleaning; Step S11, installing a junction box; Step S12, sealing the edge of the laminate or installing a frame to obtain a perovskite solar cell module; Preferably, the method for preparing the perovskite battery layer in step S4 comprises the use of a spin coating method, a solvothermal method, and a vapor deposition method alone or in combination, and the prepared perovskite battery structure can be a perovskite battery nip type structure (hole transport layer, perovskite light absorption layer, electron transport layer in sequence) or a pin type structure (electron transport layer, perovskite light absorption layer, hole transport layer in sequence); Preferably, the method of preparing the epoxy resin adhesive protective layer in step S8 comprises forming a resin film protective layer with a thickness of 0.2 to 1.0 mm on the surface of the perovskite solar cell module by screen printing or spraying on the non-conductive surface of the substrate; Preferably, the curing treatment method of step S9 includes thermal curing or ultraviolet light curing, wherein the thermal curing temperature is 50 ~80 , curing time is 1200s~2400s; Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Lightweight. The weight of the lightweight reinforced perovskite battery module is only 8.2kg / m 2About 50% lighter than conventional solar panels, which can meet the needs of solar cell panels for use in consumer electronics. 2. High surface strength, impact resistance, and not easy to break. The lightweight reinforced perovskite solar cell module is not a flexible module in the traditional sense, but a layer of epoxy resin adhesive protective layer is silk-screened or sprayed on the traditional substrate, which can achieve the purpose of anti-fall and wear resistance of the module surface. The surface of the module performs well when subjected to impact and pressure, and forms a mesh pattern after breaking, and will not break into blocks; the risk of injury due to the breakage of the overall module is greatly reduced compared with other solar cell modules on the market; 3. High power. The component protection layer uses high-transmittance epoxy resin glue, and its light transmittance 90%, the overall light transmittance of the module is higher, which can give full play to the weak light effect of the perovskite cell and improve the power generation efficiency of the perovskite solar cell module; 4. Extend the service life of the module. By setting a layer of epoxy resin adhesive protective layer on the light-entering surface of the perovskite solar cell module, it can not only effectively protect the inner substrate, but also use its heat insulation properties to effectively block heat transfer, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the overall temperature of the module and reducing the thermal decomposition of perovskite, thereby extending the service life of the perovskite solar cell module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the lightweight reinforced perovskite battery assembly of the present invention.

[0007] Figure 2 This is a production process flow chart of the lightweight reinforced perovskite battery assembly of the present invention.

[0008] Explanation of the accompanying reference numerals: 1. High-transmittance epoxy resin adhesive protective layer, 2. Substrate, 3. Perovskite battery layer, 4. Adhesive film layer, 5. Back panel, 6. Junction box, 7. Positive bus bar, 8. Negative bus bar. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0009] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0010] Example 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides a lightweight reinforced perovskite battery component structure, which can be applied to consumer electronic products to meet their requirements of being lightweight, portable, drop-resistant and wear-resistant. Figure 1As shown, the quality-enhanced perovskite battery assembly structure includes a highly transparent epoxy resin adhesive protective layer 1, a substrate 2, a perovskite battery layer 3, an adhesive film layer 4, a back plate 5, and a junction box 6 stacked in sequence; wherein the first surface of the perovskite battery layer 3 is in contact with the conductive surface of the substrate 2, the second surface of the perovskite battery layer 3 is combined with the adhesive film layer 4, and the first surface of the perovskite battery layer is opposite to the second surface; the highly transparent epoxy resin adhesive protective layer 1 is arranged on the non-conductive layer of the substrate 2, and the conductive layer of the substrate is opposite to the non-conductive layer; In this embodiment, the thickness of the high-transmittance epoxy resin adhesive protective layer 1 is 0.1 mm to 1.0 mm, and the light transmittance is 90%, and has the characteristics of hydrophobicity, fatigue resistance and impact resistance; High-transmittance epoxy resin glue has high light transmittance (90%~93%), high specific heat (1640J / kg )、low density(1160kg / m 3 ), high dielectric strength (19kV / mm), high impact strength (10~30kJ / m 2 ) and other characteristics, and can quickly harden at high temperatures, which can reduce processing time and improve work efficiency. After hardening, it can form a strong structure with excellent water resistance, heat resistance, insulation and impact resistance. This embodiment uses the heat insulation and impact resistance of high-transmittance epoxy resin glue for perovskite solar cell modules, which improves the impact strength of the module surface while reducing the heat absorption of the module. It can increase the service life of the perovskite solar cell module from two aspects: improving the overall strength of the module and preventing thermal decomposition of the perovskite layer. At the same time, its lightweight characteristics also reduce the overall weight of the module, thereby improving the portability of the perovskite solar cell product; The substrate 2 is an ultra-thin tempered glass with a thickness of 0.4 mm to 1.5 mm, which is about 70% thinner than the traditional tempered glass. The non-conductive surface of the substrate 2 is the light-incoming surface and is in close contact with the epoxy resin protective layer 1; The perovskite cell layer 3 can be a perovskite cell nip type structure (hole transport layer, perovskite light absorption layer, electron transport layer in sequence) or a pin type structure (electron transport layer, perovskite light absorption layer, hole transport layer in sequence), and the first surface of the perovskite cell layer 1 is combined with the conductive surface of the substrate 2; The adhesive film layer 4 is a resin film with a thickness of 0.2 to 1.0 mm, and can be made of EVA, EPE, POE or PVB materials according to actual conditions. The adhesive film layer 4 is attached to the second surface of the perovskite battery layer 3, and plays the role of bonding the front and back layers; The back plate 5 can be made of CPC, TPC, KPC, TPE or TPT material according to actual conditions, and its thickness is about 0.25-0.35 mm; or ultra-thin tempered glass can be used, which is consistent with the material and thickness of the substrate 2. The first surface of the back plate 5 is bonded to the adhesive film layer 4; An insulating tape is provided on the first surface of the back plate 5 along the length direction, and a positive bus bar and a negative bus bar are laid on the insulating tape; the positive bus bar is connected to the positive electrode of the perovskite battery layer 3, and the negative bus bar is connected to the negative electrode of the perovskite battery layer 3; An opening is provided at the rear of the back plate 5 , and the positive bus bar and the negative bus bar are connected to the junction box 6 on the second surface of the back plate at the opening through bus bar lead wires.

[0011] Example 2 Reference Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a production process for a lightweight reinforced perovskite battery assembly, comprising the following steps: Step S1, pre-production preparation: confirm that the status of production equipment is normal, check the specifications and quantity of raw materials, formulate production batch plans, and calibrate and confirm production process parameters; Step S2, substrate cleaning: 30cm A 30 cm ITO transparent conductive glass is placed in an ultrasonic cleaning machine, and ultrasonically rinsed with deionized water, anhydrous ethanol, and isopropanol respectively, and then placed in a high-purity nitrogen drying device for drying to obtain a pretreated ITO transparent conductive glass substrate; Step S3, preparing a perovskite battery layer: sequentially preparing an electron transport layer, a perovskite light absorption layer, a hole transport layer and a bottom electrode layer on the pretreated ITO transparent conductive glass substrate; Step S4, laser edge cleaning: Use laser equipment to clean the edge of the perovskite cell layer, remove the film layer with a width of about 5mm to 20mm near the edge of the glass, and form an insulating area as the back-end packaging area; Step S5, laying insulating tape: after the perovskite cell layer is prepared and the edges are cleaned, the insulating tape is pasted on the conductive surface of the substrate, and a roller or other gluing tool is used to roll the insulating tape evenly along the length to ensure that the insulating tape is tightly attached to the surface of the component; Step S6, pasting the conductive tape and the bus bar: pasting the conductive tape along the short side of the component, and pasting the positive and negative bus bars on the conductive tape respectively, and then using a roller or other glue pressing tool to evenly roll along the length of the bus bar glue to ensure that the conductive tape and the bus bar are tightly fitted; Step S7, stacking: stacking the substrate with the prepared perovskite battery layer, the POE adhesive film and the ultra-thin tempered glass backplane in sequence to form a laminated part; Step S8, lamination: put the laminated parts into the laminator cavity, under vacuum pressure of -10Kpa, 140 Lamination for 500s to 800s under the conditions of , so that the substrate, the perovskite cell layer and the ultra-thin tempered back plate are adhered together through the molten POE adhesive film, and a laminate is formed after cooling; Step S9, preparing a protective layer: preparing a 0.5 mm thick resin film protective layer on the surface of the perovskite solar cell module on the non-conductive surface of the substrate by screen printing technology; Step S10, UV curing: Place the component after the screen printing protective layer in a UV curing device under a light intensity of 7.5mw / m 2 UV curing for 1200s under the conditions of Step S11, manual edge cleaning: manually trimming the excess epoxy resin glue or other materials on the edge of the perovskite solar cell module to ensure a neat appearance and no excess materials on the edge; Step S12, installing the junction box: after applying glue on the bottom surface of the junction box, fix it above the opening of the second surface of the back plate, and lead the positive bus bar and the negative bus bar out of the opening of the second surface of the back plate through the bus bar lead wires, and connect them to the positive and negative connection terminals of the junction box; Step S13, installing the frame / edge protection: installing by manual installation or framing equipment, and connecting the frame and the perovskite solar cell module with the help of silicone or double-sided tape; Step S14, component testing: using professional testing equipment to conduct a comprehensive test on the electrical and mechanical properties of the perovskite solar cell component; Step S15, storage: the battery components that have passed the test are cleaned and placed in anti-static packaging bags, and the batch number, technical parameters and other information of the components are recorded before storage.

[0012] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates. In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A lightweight reinforced perovskite solar cell module, characterized in that: The lightweight reinforced perovskite solar cell module structure comprises a high-transmittance epoxy resin adhesive protective layer, a substrate, a perovskite cell layer, an adhesive film layer and a back plate which are stacked in sequence; the substrate, the perovskite cell layer, the adhesive film layer and the back plate are sealed on all sides.

2. A lightweight reinforced perovskite solar cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first surface of the perovskite cell layer of the solar cell module is bonded to the conductive surface of the substrate, and the second surface of the perovskite cell layer of the solar cell module is bonded to the adhesive film layer; the first surface of the perovskite cell layer is opposite to the second surface, and the epoxy resin adhesive protective layer is arranged on the non-conductive surface of the substrate; the conductive surface of the substrate is opposite to the non-conductive surface; The first surface of the back plate is in contact with the adhesive film layer, and the junction box is arranged on the second surface of the back plate, and the first surface of the back plate is opposite to the second surface.

3. A lightweight reinforced perovskite solar cell module according to claim 2, characterized in that: An insulating tape is provided on the first surface of the back plate along the length direction, and a positive bus bar and a negative bus bar are laid on the insulating tape. The positive bus bar is connected to the positive electrode of the perovskite battery layer, and the negative bus bar is connected to the negative electrode of the perovskite battery layer.

4. A lightweight reinforced perovskite solar cell module according to claim 3, characterized in that: An opening is arranged at the rear of the back plate, and the positive bus bar and the negative bus bar are connected to the junction box on the second surface of the back plate at the opening through bus bar lead wires.

5. A lightweight reinforced perovskite solar cell module according to claim 4, characterized in that: The thickness of the high-transmittance epoxy resin adhesive protective layer is 0.1mm to 1.0mm, and the light transmittance is 90%, the substrate is an ultra-thin tempered glass with a thickness of 0.4 mm to 1.5 mm, the non-conductive surface of the substrate is the light incident surface, and is in close contact with the epoxy resin adhesive protective layer; The perovskite battery layer is a perovskite battery nip type structure or a pin type structure; The adhesive film layer is a resin film with a thickness of 0.2 to 1.0 mm, and the resin film is made of EVA, EPE, POE or PVB material; The back plate is made of CPC, TPC, KPC, TPE or TPT material, and its thickness is about 0.25-0.35 mm; or it is ultra-thin tempered glass, which is consistent with the material and thickness of the substrate; The encapsulation glue used to seal the substrate, the perovskite cell layer, the adhesive film layer and the backplane comprises butyl glue; The positive busbar and the negative busbar are tinned copper strips with a thickness of 0.01 to 0.2 mm; the insulating tape is made of PET or glass fiber reinforced material with a thickness of 0.01 to 0.2 mm.

6. A production process of a lightweight reinforced perovskite solar cell module, used to produce the lightweight reinforced perovskite solar cell module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The steps include: Step S1, prenatal preparation; Step S2, substrate cleaning; Step S3, preparing a perovskite battery layer; Step S4, laser edge cleaning; Step S5, laying insulating tape, pasting conductive tape and bus bar; Step S6, stacking the substrate, the perovskite cell layer, the adhesive film layer and the backplane in sequence to form a laminated component; Step S7, placing the stacked parts to be laminated into the laminator cavity, laminating for 500s to 800s under vacuum, high temperature and high pressure conditions, so that the substrate and the perovskite cell layer are adhered to the back plate through the melted adhesive film, and forming a laminate after cooling; Step S8, preparing a protective layer of epoxy resin adhesive on the non-conductive surface of the substrate of the laminate; Step S9, curing the laminated component with the epoxy resin adhesive protective layer prepared; Step S10: Manual edge cleaning; Step S11, installing a junction box; Step S12: sealing the edges of the laminate or installing a frame to obtain a perovskite solar cell module.

7. The production process of the lightweight reinforced perovskite solar cell module according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method for preparing the perovskite battery layer in step S4 includes using a spin coating method, a solvothermal method, and a vapor deposition method alone or in combination.

8. The production process of the lightweight reinforced perovskite solar cell module according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method for preparing the epoxy resin adhesive protective layer in step S8 includes forming a resin film protective layer with a thickness of 0.2 to 1.0 mm on the surface of the perovskite solar cell module by screen printing or spraying on the non-conductive surface of the substrate.

9. The production process of the lightweight reinforced perovskite solar cell module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The curing treatment method of step S9 includes thermal curing or ultraviolet curing, wherein the thermal curing temperature is 50 ~80 , the curing time is 1200s~2400s.

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