Composite sensor for rail transit vehicle and cable laying method

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite sensor for a rail transit vehicle and a cable laying method, the composite sensor comprises a base and a probe tube, the base comprises a containing cavity, a mounting hole is formed in the side wall of the base, the probe tube is fixedly arranged in the mounting hole and is communicated with the containing cavity, and a connecting hole of a convex structure is further formed in the other side wall of the containing cavity; the temperature detection part is arranged in the probe tube, and the vibration detection part is fixedly arranged in the base; the cable is arranged in the accommodating cavity and is electrically connected with the temperature detection part and the vibration detection part in a branched manner, the base is hermetically connected with a hose at the connecting hole, and one end of the cable extends out of the base from the connecting hole and is sleeved and protected by the hose; and one side of the accommodating cavity is opened and is closed through the cover plate. According to the invention, the accuracy of detecting the state of parts by the sensor is improved through temperature and vibration detection, and meanwhile, the vibration detection part is integrated in the base, so that the change of the appearance of the sensor is reduced, and the stable arrangement of the sensor is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rail transit equipment, and in particular to a composite sensor for rail transit vehicles and a cable laying method. Background Art

[0002] At present, during the operation of rail transit vehicles, temperature sensors are usually used to detect the axle temperature of axle boxes, traction motors, and gear boxes to determine the fault status of components. However, due to the complex operating conditions of rail transit vehicles, simple temperature detection is difficult to ensure the accuracy of fault detection. Therefore, some rail transit vehicles use temperature vibration composite sensors to detect component faults. Since the appearance and structure of the axle box, traction motor, and gear box of the EMU have been basically finalized in the long-term production and manufacturing, the composite structure sensor needs to be basically the same as the external structure of the existing temperature sensor. The current composite sensor integrates a relatively complex mechanical structure under a limited space structure. For example, the vibration part of the temperature vibration composite sensor produced by some manufacturers adopts the piezoelectric effect mechanism, and a large number of components are installed and fixed inside the base, which not only increases the difficulty of production and assembly, but also the piezoelectric effect structure is installed and fixed from the top of the base, which is not convenient for connecting the cable with the vibration part and increases the failure rate of the sensor.

[0003] Therefore, how to improve the accuracy of rail transit vehicle component fault detection and the stability of the detection device is a technical problem that needs to be urgently solved by technical personnel in this field. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a composite sensor for rail transit vehicles to improve the accuracy of rail transit vehicle component fault detection and the use stability of the detection device.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide a cable laying method for the above-mentioned composite sensor.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A composite sensor for a rail transit vehicle, comprising:

[0008] A base and a probe tube, wherein the base includes a receiving cavity and has a mounting hole on a side wall, the probe tube is fixedly arranged in the mounting hole and communicates with the receiving cavity, and another side wall of the receiving cavity also has a connecting hole with an external convex structure;

[0009] A temperature detection unit and a vibration detection unit, wherein the temperature detection unit is arranged in the probe tube, and the vibration detection unit is fixedly arranged in the base;

[0010] A cable, the cable is arranged in the accommodating cavity and branches to electrically connect the temperature detection part and the vibration detection part, the base is sealed and connected with a hose at the connection hole, one end of the cable extends out of the base from the connection hole and is protected by the hose sleeve;

[0011] A cover plate is provided at one side of the accommodating cavity and is closed by the cover plate.

[0012] Preferably, in the composite sensor for rail transit vehicles, the connection hole is sealed and connected to the hose through a hose connector and a hose sleeve, the outer wall of the connection hole includes a threaded section, the hose connector is sleeved on the outer periphery of the connection hole and is threadedly connected to the threaded section, and the hose connector includes a locking section extending into the interior of the hose;

[0013] The hose sleeve is a rigid sleeve and is sleeved on the outside of the hose. The hose connector is snap-fitted and connected to the hose sleeve to compress the hose.

[0014] Preferably, in the composite sensor for rail transit vehicles, the outer wall of the locking section is of a sawtooth configuration, the inner wall of the hose sleeve is also of a sawtooth configuration, and a partial area of ​​the hose is embedded in the sawtooth structure of the locking section and the hose sleeve.

[0015] Preferably, in the above-mentioned composite sensor for rail transit vehicles, the inner wall of the connecting hole is interference-fitted with a nylon sleeve.

[0016] Preferably, in the above-mentioned composite sensor for rail transit vehicles, the outer wall of the connecting hole also includes a limiting section, the inner wall of the hose connector is correspondingly provided with a recessed groove, the limiting section cooperates with the recessed groove to form an annular cavity and an annular rubber sealing ring is provided in an interference fit.

[0017] Preferably, in the composite sensor for rail transit vehicles, the cable comprises an outer insulating protective sheath, a first cable group and a second cable group are arranged inside the outer insulating protective sheath, and an inner insulating protective sheath and a metal shielding layer are laminated on the outer periphery of the first cable group and the second cable group;

[0018] The first cable group is used to connect the temperature detection unit, and four groups of first battery cores are arranged in the first cable group; the second cable group is used to connect the vibration detection unit, and four groups of second battery cores are arranged in the second cable group.

[0019] Preferably, in the above-mentioned composite sensor for rail transit vehicles, the first battery cell and the second battery cell are silver-plated wires, and an insulating layer is respectively provided on the outer circumference of each of the first battery cell and the second battery cell.

[0020] Preferably, in the above-mentioned composite sensor for rail transit vehicles, the temperature detection part is a platinum thermistor, which includes a resistor body and two pins, and both of the two pins are welded to the wire core inside the cable, and a high-temperature heat shrink tube is arranged on the periphery of the connection area.

[0021] Preferably, in the above-mentioned composite sensor for rail transit vehicles, two sets of the platinum thermal resistors are arranged inside the probe tube, and the distance between the platinum thermal resistors and the closed bottom of the probe tube is no more than 5 mm.

[0022] Preferably, in the above-mentioned composite sensor for rail transit vehicles, the vibration detection unit is a vibration circuit board and includes a power processing module, a voltage stabilization module, an accelerometer module and a voltage-current conversion module, and the accelerometer module collects vibration signals through a micro-mechanical electronic system (MEMS).

[0023] Preferably, in the composite sensor for rail transit vehicles, a card slot is provided in the base, and one end of the vibration circuit board is card-connected and provided in the card slot, or,

[0024] A mounting hole is provided in the base, and one end of the vibration circuit board is a bent structure and is fixed to the mounting hole by screws.

[0025] Preferably, in the above-mentioned composite sensor for rail transit vehicles, the probe tube is interference fit with the mounting hole and is fixed on the inner side of the base by laser welding.

[0026] Preferably, in the above-mentioned composite sensor for rail transit vehicles, a test hole with a threaded structure and a fixing hole for the connector to pass through are provided on the base, the test hole is a blind hole, and the fixing hole is a through hole.

[0027] Preferably, in the above-mentioned composite sensor for rail transit vehicles, a redundant cavity is further provided in the base, the redundant cavity is communicated with the accommodating cavity, and the excess length area after the cable is laid is provided in the redundant cavity.

[0028] Preferably, in the above-mentioned composite sensor for rail transit vehicles, the cover plate is an I-shaped structure and is welded and sealed to the base.

[0029] A cable laying method is used for laying the cable of the composite sensor described in any one of the above embodiments, and the cable laying method at least comprises the following steps:

[0030] Cable processing: The starting end of the cable is set in the middle area of ​​the connection hole and extends to the rear through the hose; the protective sheath and shielding layer structure of the cable facing the base are stripped to expose the single-core structure of the cable;

[0031] Connecting the temperature detection part: the first part of the single-core structure is welded and fixed to the resistance pin on the temperature detection part, and one end of the first part of the single-core structure connected to the temperature detection part passes through the accommodating cavity and the mounting hole of the base and reaches the bottom of the probe tube;

[0032] Connecting the vibration detection part: the second part of the single-core structure enters the base through the connecting hole, and is welded and connected to the interface of the vibration detection part fixedly arranged in the base in the base;

[0033] Potting and curing: Use a needle to pour glue into the probe tube from the installation hole. After the probe tube is filled with glue, pour glue into the base through the opening on the accommodating cavity for cover plate installation. After pouring glue, place the composite sensor as a whole in a vacuum drying oven for vacuumization and drying.

[0034] Preferably, in the above-mentioned cable laying method, it is characterized in that, in the step of connecting the temperature detection part, the cable is laid by a clamping tool, the clamping tool is a slender rod with a claw at the end, the claw of the clamping tool can clamp the temperature detection part and the cable connected thereto, and insert it into the bottom of the probe tube.

[0035] It can be seen from the above technical scheme that the composite sensor for rail transit vehicles provided by the present invention is based on the connected main body structure of the base and the probe tube, a temperature detection part is set in the probe tube, and a vibration detection part is fixed inside the base, so as to perform two-dimensional safety detection of vehicle parts through temperature detection and vibration detection, and improve the accuracy of fault detection of rail transit vehicle parts. On the basis of the setting of the temperature detection part and the vibration detection part, the base is opened with a hole cable to enter, and after the cable enters the base through the connecting hole, its internal electric core branch is set to electrically connect the temperature detection part and the vibration detection part respectively, and at the same time, the area through the connecting hole is surrounded by a hose sleeve. The cover plate structure on the base can open the accommodating cavity in the base to install and arrange structural parts such as the vibration detection part and the cable, and can realize sufficient glue injection inside the base through the large opening, thereby improving the structural stability of the parts in the base. The above structure has little change in the appearance structure of the sensor, and the additional vibration detection part is directly electrically connected through the electric core branch of the cable, which has a simple structure and reduces the assembly failure of the load sensor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0037] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a composite sensor provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA cross-sectional structural diagram;

[0039] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Detailed structural drawing of the connection hole position;

[0040] Figure 4 for Figure 1 BB cross-sectional structure diagram;

[0041] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of CC section rotation structure;

[0042] Figure 6 It is the schematic diagram of the forward structure of the cable;

[0043] Figure 7 for Figure 6 lateral view of;

[0044] Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram when the vibration detection unit is a vibration circuit board;

[0045] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 Left side view of

[0046] Fig.10 for Figure 8 D-direction view;

[0047] Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the base;

[0048] Fig.12 for Fig.11 Schematic diagram of EE cross-section structure;

[0049] Fig.13 for Fig.11 Schematic diagram of FF cross-section structure;

[0050] Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the vibration detection part is fixed by screws;

[0051] Fig.15 This is the axonometric view of the base;

[0052] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping tool in the base.

[0053] Among them, 10-base; 110-accommodation cavity; 120-installation hole; 130-connection hole; 1310-threaded section; 1320-limiting section; 140-slot; 150-test hole; 160-fixing hole; 170-redundant cavity; 20-probe tube; 30-temperature detection unit; 40-vibration detection unit; 410-power processing module; 420-voltage stabilization module; 430-accelerometer module; 440-voltage and current conversion module; 50-cable; 51 0-outer insulating protective sleeve; 520-first cable group; 5210-first battery cell; 530-second cable group; 5310-second battery cell; 540-inner insulating protective sleeve; 550-metal shielding layer; 560-insulating layer; 60-hose; 70-cover plate; 810-hose connector; 8110-locking section; 8120-recessed groove; 820-hose sleeve; 830-nylon sleeve; 840-rubber sealing ring; 90-clamping tool; 910-clamping claw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The core of the present invention is to disclose a composite sensor for rail transit vehicles to improve the accuracy of rail transit vehicle component fault detection and the use stability of the detection device.

[0055] Another core of the present invention is to provide a cable laying method for the above-mentioned composite sensor.

[0056] In order to make the technical personnel in this field better understand the scheme of the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, the embodiments shown below do not limit the content of the invention recorded in the claims. In addition, the entire contents of the structures represented by the following embodiments are not limited to those necessary for the solutions of the invention recorded in the claims.

[0057] like Figure 1-5As shown, the composite sensor for rail transit vehicles provided by the embodiment of the present invention has a main structure including a base 10 and a probe tube 20. The base 10 is the main bearing structure, and the probe tube 20 is arranged on one side of the base 10 and protrudes. Specifically, a receiving cavity 110 is arranged inside the base 10, and a mounting hole 120 is opened on the side wall of the base 10 to connect the internal area of ​​the receiving cavity 110. The probe tube 20 is fixedly arranged at the position of the mounting hole 120 and is connected with the receiving cavity 110. It should be noted that the probe tube 20 is a structure with one end open and the other end closed. The open end is located at the position of the mounting hole 120 to connect the probe tube 20 with the internal area of ​​the receiving cavity 110, and the closed structure at the other end is used to achieve isolation of the inner and outer areas of the probe tube 20. On the basis of this structure, a temperature detection unit 30 is arranged near the closed end of the probe tube 20, so that the temperature detection unit 30 is close to the object to be measured through the arrangement of the probe tube 20. When the temperature of the object to be measured changes, the temperature detection unit 30 outputs a resistance signal that changes with the temperature. This signal is proportional to the temperature. After the output signal is converted, the temperature is monitored. The vibration detection unit 40 is fixedly arranged in the base 10 to collect the vibration signal. Through the composite detection of temperature and vibration signals, the accuracy of the composite sensor for fault detection of rail transit vehicle components is improved.

[0058] In order to meet the effective functions of the temperature detection unit 30 and the vibration detection unit 40 in the composite sensor, in the composite sensor provided in the embodiment of the present invention, a connecting hole 130 is further provided on the side wall of the accommodating cavity 110 which is different from the mounting hole 120. The connecting hole 130 is an outward protruding structure based on the side wall of the accommodating cavity 110 for the cable 50 to pass through. The cable 50 starts from the external area of ​​the base 10, and one end extends into the interior of the base 10 from the position of the connecting hole 130, while the other end is located outside the base 10 and is protected by a hose 60. The hose 60 is specifically sealed and connected to the area of ​​the connecting hole 130 to achieve stable protection of the cable 50. The end of the cable 50 extending from the connecting hole 130 into the base 10 has its internal battery cell structure branched, wherein a portion of the battery cell structure passes through the accommodating cavity 110 and the mounting hole 120 to reach the inside of the probe tube 20 and is electrically connected to the temperature detection unit 30, while another portion of the battery cell structure of the cable 50 is directly electrically connected to the vibration detection unit 40 inside the base 10. It should be noted that the electrical connection here means that the cable 50 can supply electrical energy to the temperature detection unit 30 and the vibration detection unit 40, and can transmit the signals detected by the temperature detection unit 30 and the vibration detection unit 40.

[0059] Furthermore, the composite sensor provided in the embodiment of the present invention is also provided with a cover plate 70. An opening is provided on one side of the accommodating cavity 110 and is closed by the cover plate 70. When the cover plate 70 is opened, welding, cable 50 arrangement, and glue injection and other operations can be performed directly inside the accommodating cavity 110 through the opening. After the internal structural parts of the base 10 are arranged, they are sealed and protected by the cover plate 70, thereby improving the structural stability of the composite sensor.

[0060] The composite sensor for rail transit vehicles provided by the embodiment of the present invention is based on the connected main structure of the base 10 and the probe tube 20, and the temperature detection part 30 is set in the probe tube 20, and the vibration detection part 40 is fixedly set inside the base 10, so as to perform two-dimensional safety detection of vehicle parts through temperature detection and vibration detection, and improve the accuracy of fault detection of rail transit vehicle parts. On the basis of the setting of the temperature detection part 30 and the vibration detection part 40, the base 10 is opened with a hole cable 50 to enter, and after the cable 50 enters the base 10 through the connection hole 130, its internal electric core branch is set to electrically connect the temperature detection part 30 and the vibration detection part 40 respectively, and at the same time, the area through the connection hole 130 is enclosed by the hose 60. The cover plate 70 structure on the base 10 can open the accommodating cavity 110 in the base 10 to install and arrange the vibration detection part 40, the cable 50 and other structural parts, and can achieve sufficient glue injection inside the base 10 through the large opening, thereby improving the structural stability of the parts in the base 10. The above structure has little effect on the external structure of the sensor, and the added vibration detection unit 40 is directly electrically connected through the battery branch of the cable 50, which has a simple structure and reduces assembly failures of the load sensor.

[0061] Furthermore, since the external structure of the cable 50 needs to be stripped off in the connecting hole 130 in order to electrically connect the temperature detection part 30 and the vibration detection part 40 in the base 10 through the battery core, the cable 50 needs to be well protected in the connecting hole 130 and the external area near the connecting hole 130 to ensure the stable operation of the composite sensor. In some embodiments of the present invention, the connecting hole 130 is sealed and connected to the hose 60 through a hose connector 810 and a hose sleeve 820. Specifically, the outer wall of the connecting hole 130 includes a threaded section 1310, and the threaded section 1310 only extends to a partial area outside the connecting hole 130, while the hose connector 810 is provided with an internal thread. The hose connector 810 is preferably made of stainless steel, which is sleeved on the outer periphery of the connecting hole 130 and threadedly connected to the threaded section 1310. At the same time, the hose connector 810 is a variable cross-section structure, whose outer diameter size changes and includes a locking section 8110 with a smaller outer diameter size. When the hose connector 810 is threadedly connected to the threaded section 1310, the locking section 8110 extends into the interior of the hose 60.

[0062] Correspondingly, the hose sleeve 820 is a rigid sleeve, which is preferably also made of stainless steel and is sleeved on the outside of the hose 60. The hose connector 810 is snap-fitted with the hose sleeve 820. In some embodiments of the present invention, the outer wall of the hose connector 810 is provided with a groove, and the open end of one side of the hose sleeve 820 is provided with an annular protrusion toward its center area to be snap-fitted with the hose connector 810 through an annular structure. At the same time, the gap between the inner wall of the hose sleeve 820 and the outer wall of the locking section 8110 on the hose connector 810 is smaller than the wall thickness of the hose 60, so that the hose 60 is compressed by interference fit, thereby achieving effective sealing between the hose 60 and the connecting hole 130, avoiding leakage problems in the connecting area between the hose 60 and the connecting hole 130 and losing the effective protection effect on the cable 50. It should be noted that the material of the hose 60 is preferably synthetic rubber and the middle layer has a nylon braided mesh, so as to have strong flexibility and corrosion resistance, meet the local movement requirements during vehicle operation after installation, and provide protection for the internal cable 50.

[0063] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, in some embodiments of the present invention, the outer wall of the locking section 8110 is a serrated configuration so as to contact the interior of the hose 60 through the serrated structure; at the same time, the inner wall of the hose sleeve 820 is also a serrated configuration, that is, a partial area of ​​the hose 60 is embedded in the serrated structure of the locking section 8110 and the hose sleeve 820 to achieve locking, so that the hose 60 has good anti-pull-out performance, and at the same time, the inner wall area of ​​the hose connector 810 is a smooth arc surface for the cable 50 to pass through smoothly.

[0064] In order to provide insulation protection for the cable 50, a nylon sleeve 830 is further provided on the inner wall of the connection hole 130 in the embodiment of the present invention. The nylon sleeve 830 is sleeved in the inner wall area of ​​the connection hole 130 with an interference fit, and the sleeve range of the nylon sleeve 830 at least covers the area where the cable 50 strips off the insulation layer 560 and enters the interior of the base 10, so as to isolate the cable 50 stripped of the insulation layer 560 for connection from the external metal shell, and achieve the effect of the shielding layer being suspended. It should be noted that the nylon sleeve 830 is preferably made of PA6 material to have good insulation properties.

[0065] In order to further improve the sealing performance of the connection area between the hose 60 and the connection hole 130, in some embodiments of the present invention, the outer wall of the connection hole 130 further includes a limiting section 1320, which is preferably connected end to end with the threaded section 1310, and the outer diameter of the limiting section 1320 is smaller than the threaded section 1310, so as to form a concave structure facing the central area of ​​the connection hole 130 based on the threaded section 1310. Correspondingly, the inner wall of the hose connector 810 is provided with a concave groove 8120, and when the hose connector 810 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the connection hole 130 and threadedly connected with the threaded section 1310, the concave groove 8120 is aligned with the limiting section 1320 to form an annular cavity structure, and at the same time, an annular rubber sealing ring 840 is provided in the above-mentioned annular cavity structure, and the rubber sealing ring 840 is preferably hydrogenated nitrile rubber to have good high and low temperature resistance, thereby improving the sealing performance of the connection area between the hose 60 and the connection hole 130 through the compression and sealing effect of the rubber sealing ring 840.

[0066] Furthermore, if Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in the composite sensor provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the cable 50 is 2×4×0.2 mm 2 The multi-core cable 50 of the structural form can work under the temperature condition of 125°C for a long time. Specifically, the cable 50 includes an outer insulating protective sleeve 510, which is arranged at the outermost layer of the cable 50 structure to form the outer diameter structure of the cable 50, and the outer insulating protective sleeve 510 is used to provide physical and insulating electrical protection for the internal structure of the cable 50. The first cable group 520 and the second cable group 530 are arranged inside the outer insulating protective sleeve 510 to electrically connect the two detection parts respectively, and in order to improve the connection stability of the single cable group 50, the first cable group 520 and the second cable group 530 are arranged at intervals, and the outer periphery of the first cable group 520 is provided with an inner insulating protective sleeve 540 and a metal shielding layer 550, and the inner insulating protective sleeve 540 is arranged on the outer periphery of the metal shielding layer 550; correspondingly, the outer periphery of the second cable group 530 is also provided with an inner insulating protective sleeve 540 and a metal shielding layer 550, and the inner insulating protective sleeve 540 is arranged on the outer periphery of the metal shielding layer 550.

[0067] In the above structure, the first cable group 520 is used to connect the temperature detection unit 30, and four groups of first battery cells 5210 are arranged in the first cable group 520. Preferably, the cross-section of a single first battery cell 5210 is 0.2 mm. 2 The second cable group 530 is used to connect the vibration detection unit 40, and has a similar structure to the first cable group 520. The second cable group 530 is provided with four groups of second battery cells 5310, and preferably the cross-section of a single second battery cell 5310 is also 0.2mm. 2And it is silver-plated wire.

[0068] When connecting the cable 50, the outer insulating protective cover 510 on the whole cable 50 can be peeled off first to expose the first cable group 520 and the second cable group 530. When it is necessary to connect with the detection unit, the first battery cell 5210 and the second battery cell 5310 on the first cable group 520 and the second cable group 530 are peeled off respectively to achieve electrical connection. It should be noted that a halogen-free filler is also provided inside the cable 50 to increase the mechanical strength of the cable 50, prevent external moisture, oxygen and other gases from entering the cable 50, and ensure the insulation performance of the cable 50.

[0069] It should be noted that in some embodiments of the present invention, an insulating layer 560 is respectively provided on the outer periphery of each first battery cell 5210 and the second battery cell 5310, that is, a single battery cell is a relatively independent connection structure, which can achieve independent protection and reduce the risk of damage and failure of a single battery cell.

[0070] Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the temperature sensing element of the temperature detection unit 30 is a platinum thermal resistor. When the temperature changes, the platinum thermal resistor outputs a resistance signal that changes with the temperature through the cable 50. This signal is proportional to the temperature. After the output signal is converted, the temperature is monitored. The platinum thermal resistor meets the requirements of the platinum thermistor of GB / T30121-2013. Specifically, the platinum thermal resistor includes a resistor body and two pins. Both pins are welded to the wire core inside the cable 50 to achieve electrical connection between the cable 50 and the resistor body. In order to protect the welding area, a high-temperature heat shrink tube is also provided on the periphery of the welding area between the pin and the wire core for heat shrink protection. It should be noted that in order to improve the accuracy of the temperature detection of the temperature detection unit 30, the temperature detection unit 30 adopts a two-wire solution, that is, two sets of platinum thermal resistors are provided inside the probe tube 20 to provide sufficient measurement error margin. The distance between the platinum thermal resistor and the closed bottom of the probe tube 20 is no more than 5 mm, so as to reduce the risk of collision between the platinum thermal resistor and the bottom of the probe tube 20 and reduce the distance between the platinum thermal resistor and the measured component to improve the measurement accuracy.

[0071] Furthermore, if Figure 8-10As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the vibration detection unit 40 is a vibration circuit board structure, which is an integrated component for collecting and processing vibration signals. Specifically, the vibration circuit board mainly includes a power supply processing module 410, a voltage regulator module 420, an accelerometer module 430 and a voltage-current conversion module 440. Among them, the power supply processing module 410 is composed of a transient suppression diode, an anti-reverse connection diode, a filter capacitor, etc., and in order to ensure that the vibration circuit board can operate reliably in a complex and harsh environment and prevent damage caused by surges, a high-power TVS tube is used at the power input end, which can effectively discharge surge high voltage and protect the subsequent circuit from abnormal high voltage. At the same time, the circuit is connected in series with a high reverse voltage resistant diode to ensure that the core components of the circuit are not damaged when the external power supply is reversed. The filter capacitor can smooth the power supply fluctuations to obtain a stable voltage output. The voltage regulator module 420 has a voltage regulator integrated inside, which can provide a 5V voltage to power the MEMS integrated circuit. The accelerometer module 430 is composed of a MEMS (micro-mechanical electronic system) accelerometer and its peripheral circuit, and a low-pass filter circuit is used at the output end to filter out noise. The voltage-current conversion module 440 uses a precise voltage-current converter and can output a 4mA-20mA analog current signal. The vibration circuit board structure has the performance advantages of high integration, convenient installation and high detection accuracy.

[0072] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, for the vibration detection unit 40 of the vibration circuit board structure, as shown in FIG. Fig.13 As shown, a slot 140 may be provided inside the base 10, and one end of the vibration circuit board is clamped in the slot 140 and welded to the cable 50, and then the vibration circuit board and the base 10 are connected as an integrated structure by filling glue in the base 10. Similarly, Fig.14 As shown, a mounting hole 120 may also be opened in the base 10. Correspondingly, one end of the vibration circuit board is set as a bending structure, and is fixed at the position of the mounting hole 120 by a screw passing through its bending structure to maintain a stable structure and welded to the cable 50, and then the fixed connection with the base 10 is completed by filling glue in the base 10.

[0073] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the probe tube 20 is made of stainless steel, and preferably is a precision seamless steel tube with good tensile properties, which has the characteristics of high surface processing accuracy, no burrs on the inner hole, no sand holes on the tube wall, and good thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance. One end of the probe tube 20 is sealed by welding with a circular stainless steel plate, and the other end is open and installed with the mounting hole 120. Specifically, the probe tube 20 is installed with an interference fit with the mounting hole 120 and fixed by laser welding on the inner side of the base 10. It should be noted that fixing the probe tube 20 on the inner side of the base 10 by laser welding can avoid the problem of poor stress on the welding part caused by the cantilever beam structure caused by external welding. The above structure can further improve the fatigue life of the probe tube 20 while meeting the sealing requirements and strength requirements.

[0074] Furthermore, if Figure 11-15 As shown, the base 10 is provided with a test hole 150 with a threaded structure and a fixing hole 160 for the connecting member to pass through, wherein the thread of the test hole 150 is used to fix the composite sensor during the impact vibration test, and the fixing hole 160 is used to fix the composite sensor at the installation position, and the screw passes through the fixing hole 160 and is fastened to the threaded hole of the detected unit, such as the axle box, motor, gear box, etc. Therefore, correspondingly, the test hole 150 is a blind hole structure, and the fixing hole 160 is a through hole structure.

[0075] In addition, it should be noted that a redundant cavity 170 can be provided in the base 10. The redundant cavity 170 is connected to the accommodating cavity 110. After the cable 50 is laid, the surplus part can be arranged in the redundant cavity 170 according to the installation process requirements, and the redundant cavity 170 can also partially accommodate the vibration detection part 40 to improve the rationality of the position setting of the internal components of the base 10.

[0076] Furthermore, in the composite sensor provided by the embodiment of the present invention, one side opening of the accommodating cavity 110 is an I-shaped structure, and correspondingly, the cover plate 70 is an I-shaped structure, and the cover plate 70 is preferably made of stainless steel and fixed to the base 10 by laser welding to achieve the sealing of the base 10 and the protection of the internal structure. At the same time, the I-shaped structure with a large opening area can facilitate the injection of the potting glue and the flow of the glue when injecting glue into the base 10, and the operation is simple and the injection is smooth.

[0077] Furthermore, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for laying a cable 50, which is used for laying the cable 50 of the composite sensor provided in any of the above embodiments. Specifically, the method for laying the cable 50 includes at least the following steps:

[0078] S01: Cable processing: The laying starting end of the cable 50 is set in the middle area of ​​the connection hole 130 and extends to the rear through the hose 60; the protective sheath and shielding layer structure of the end of the cable 50 facing the base 10 are stripped to expose the single-core structure of the cable 50.

[0079] S02: Connecting the temperature detection part: The first part of the single-core structure is welded and fixed to the resistance pin on the temperature detection part 30 , and one end of the first part of the single-core structure connected to the temperature detection part 30 passes through the accommodating cavity 110 and the mounting hole 120 of the base 10 and reaches the bottom of the probe tube 20 .

[0080] It should be noted that, since the temperature detection part 30 needs to be inserted into the probe tube 20 , the temperature detection part 30 needs to be connected to the cable 50 first and then inserted into the base 10 and the probe tube 20 .

[0081] S03: Connecting the vibration detection unit: The second portion of the single-core structure enters the base 10 through the connection hole 130 and is welded and connected to the interface of the vibration detection unit 40 fixedly disposed in the base 10;

[0082] S04: potting and curing: Use a needle to pour glue into the probe tube 20 from the installation hole 120. After the probe tube 20 is filled with glue, pour glue into the base 10 through the opening on the accommodating cavity 110 for installing the cover plate 70. After pouring glue, place the composite sensor as a whole in a vacuum drying oven for vacuumization and drying.

[0083] It should be noted that the purpose of performing the potting seal in step S04 is that the potting glue has high thermal conductivity, excellent dielectric properties and good high and low temperature resistance, and at the same time it has excellent chemical stability and low internal stress, and the damage to components is minimized. The potting glue is cured at room temperature and used at high temperature, and is suitable for potting, pouring, and bonding of platinum thermal resistors, circuit boards, etc. And preferably, the potting glue fills the probe tube 20 and all other spaces inside the base 10 outside the 1mm-2mm space at the bottom of the cover plate 70. In addition, it should be noted that in some embodiments of the present invention, the potting glue also fills the internal gaps of the hose connector 810 and the nylon sleeve 830, so that all the potting is firmly integrated. At the same time, since the composite sensor provided by the embodiment of the present invention is installed on the axle box, traction motor, and gear box of the EMU, its operating electromagnetic environment is extremely complex, and the potting glue has good dielectric properties, which will also effectively isolate the burning of the electronic components of the circuit board caused by the instantaneous electrification of the stainless steel shell of the sensor.

[0084] In addition, it should be noted that in step S02, the cable 50 and the temperature detection unit 30 are synchronously extended into the bottom of the probe tube 20. After the temperature detection unit 30 is set in place, the cable 50 needs to be pulled upward from the probe tube 20. Fig.16As shown, the cable 50 is laid through the clamping fixture 90. Specifically, the clamping fixture 90 is a slender rod and is provided with a clamping claw 910 at the end. The clamping claw 910 of the clamping fixture 90 can clamp the temperature detection part 30 and the cable 50 connected thereto, so as to clamp the temperature detection part 30 and insert it into the bottom of the probe tube 20 in place, so as to keep the cable 50 in a taut state and withdraw the clamping fixture 90, and the clamping fixture 90 can also arrange the bent cable 50, so as to complete the setting of the temperature detection part 30.

[0085] It should be noted that, for the convenience of description, only the parts related to the invention are shown in the drawings. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0086] As shown in the present invention and claims, unless the context clearly indicates an exception, the words "a", "an", "a kind" and / or "the" do not specifically refer to the singular, but may also include the plural. Generally speaking, the terms "include" and "comprise" only indicate the inclusion of clearly identified steps and elements, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list, and the method or device may also include other steps or elements. The elements defined by the sentence "includes a..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity or device that includes the elements.

[0087] In the following, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0088] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and an explanation of the technical principles used, and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. The scope of the invention involved in the present invention is not limited to the technical solution formed by a specific combination of the above-mentioned technical features, but also should cover other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above-mentioned technical features or their equivalent features without departing from the above-mentioned inventive concept. For example, the above-mentioned features are replaced with the technical features with similar functions disclosed in the present invention (but not limited to) to form a technical solution.

Claims

1. A composite sensor for rail transit vehicles, characterized in that: include: A base and a probe tube, wherein the base includes a receiving cavity and has a mounting hole on a side wall, the probe tube is fixedly arranged in the mounting hole and communicates with the receiving cavity, and another side wall of the receiving cavity also has a connecting hole with an external convex structure; A temperature detection unit and a vibration detection unit, wherein the temperature detection unit is arranged in the probe tube, and the vibration detection unit is fixedly arranged in the base; A cable, the cable is arranged in the accommodating cavity and branches to electrically connect the temperature detection part and the vibration detection part, the base is sealed and connected with a hose at the connection hole, one end of the cable extends out of the base from the connection hole and is protected by the hose sleeve; A cover plate is provided at one side of the accommodating cavity and is closed by the cover plate.

2. The composite sensor for rail transit vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting hole is sealed and connected to the hose through a hose connector and a hose sleeve, the outer wall of the connecting hole includes a threaded section, the hose connector is sleeved on the outer circumference of the connecting hole and is threadedly connected to the threaded section, and the hose connector includes a locking section extending into the interior of the hose; The hose sleeve is a rigid sleeve and is sleeved on the outside of the hose. The hose connector is snap-fitted and connected to the hose sleeve to compress the hose.

3. The composite sensor for rail transit vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall of the locking section is of sawtooth configuration, the inner wall of the hose sleeve is also of sawtooth configuration, and a partial area of ​​the hose is embedded in the sawtooth structures of the locking section and the hose sleeve.

4. The composite sensor for rail transit vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the connecting hole is interference fitted with a nylon sleeve.

5. The composite sensor for rail transit vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall of the connecting hole also includes a limiting section, and the inner wall of the hose connector is correspondingly provided with a recessed groove. The limiting section cooperates with the recessed groove to form an annular cavity and an annular rubber sealing ring is provided in an interference fit.

6. The composite sensor for rail transit vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cable comprises an outer insulating protective sheath, a first cable group and a second cable group are arranged inside the outer insulating protective sheath, and an inner insulating protective sheath and a metal shielding layer are laminated on the outer periphery of the first cable group and the second cable group; The first cable group is used to connect the temperature detection unit, and four groups of first battery cores are arranged in the first cable group; the second cable group is used to connect the vibration detection unit, and four groups of second battery cores are arranged in the second cable group.

7. The composite sensor for rail transit vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first battery core and the second battery core are silver-plated wires, and an insulating layer is respectively provided on the outer circumference of each of the first battery core and the second battery core.

8. The composite sensor for rail transit vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature detection part is a platinum thermal resistor, which includes a resistor body and two pins, and the two pins are welded to the wire core inside the cable, and a high-temperature heat shrink tube is arranged on the periphery of the connection area.

9. The composite sensor for rail transit vehicles according to claim 8, characterized in that: Two sets of platinum thermal resistors are arranged inside the probe tube, and the distance between the platinum thermal resistors and the closed bottom of the probe tube is no more than 5 mm.

10. The composite sensor for rail transit vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration detection unit is a vibration circuit board and includes a power processing module, a voltage stabilization module, an accelerometer module and a voltage-current conversion module. The accelerometer module collects vibration signals through a micro-mechanical electronic system (MEMS).

11. The composite sensor for rail transit vehicles according to claim 10, characterized in that: The base is provided with a slot, and one end of the vibration circuit board is clamped and arranged in the slot, or, A mounting hole is provided in the base, and one end of the vibration circuit board is a bent structure and is fixed to the mounting hole by screws.

12. The composite sensor for rail transit vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The probe tube is interference-fitted with the mounting hole and is fixed on the inner side of the base by laser welding.

13. The composite sensor for rail transit vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base is provided with a test hole with a threaded structure and a fixing hole for the connecting piece to pass through. The test hole is a blind hole, and the fixing hole is a through hole.

14. The composite sensor for rail transit vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: A redundant cavity is also provided in the base, and the redundant cavity is communicated with the accommodating cavity, and the surplus length area of ​​the cable after laying is provided in the redundant cavity.

15. The composite sensor for rail transit vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover plate is an I-shaped structure and is welded and sealed to the base.

16. A cable laying method, characterized in that: Used for laying cables of the composite sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 15, the cable laying method comprises at least the following steps: Cable processing: The starting end of the cable is set in the middle area of ​​the connection hole and extends to the rear through the hose; the protective sheath and shielding layer structure of the cable facing the base are stripped to expose the single-core structure of the cable; Connecting the temperature detection part: the first part of the single-core structure is welded and fixed to the resistance pin on the temperature detection part, and one end of the first part of the single-core structure connected to the temperature detection part passes through the accommodating cavity and the mounting hole of the base and reaches the bottom of the probe tube; Connecting the vibration detection part: the second part of the single-core structure enters the base through the connecting hole, and is welded and connected to the interface of the vibration detection part fixedly arranged in the base in the base; Potting and curing: Use a needle to pour glue into the probe tube from the installation hole. After the probe tube is filled with glue, pour glue into the base through the opening on the accommodating cavity for cover plate installation. After pouring glue, place the composite sensor as a whole in a vacuum drying oven for vacuumization and drying.

17. The cable laying method according to claim 16, characterized in that: In the step of connecting the temperature detection part, the cable is laid through a clamping tool, which is a slender rod with a clamping claw at the end. The clamping claw of the clamping tool can clamp the temperature detection part and the cable connected to it, and insert it into the bottom of the probe tube.

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