Portable water body micro-plastic sample separation and enrichment device and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a portable water body micro-plastic sample separation and enrichment device and a use method thereof, and particularly relates to the field of environmental protection experiment equipment.The portable water body micro-plastic sample separation and enrichment device comprises a pressure system, a filtering system and a supporting device.According to the portable water body micro-plastic sample separation and enrichment device, a water storage barrel with scales is adopted, the volume of a water sample is accurately controlled, and different experiment requirements are met; after the stored water reaches the expected volume, the spherical valve is opened, so that the water sample flows through the filtering membrane under the action of gravity, and the unpowered filtering is realized; when water outlet is blocked, pressurization can be performed through a pressure system, a water sample is forced to be rapidly filtered, or a spherical valve is closed, and a filter membrane in the filter screen device is replaced, so that the collection efficiency is improved or the collection requirements of different micro-plastic particle sizes are met, the filter device is designed to be of a detachable structure, and the filter membrane is convenient to replace; after collection, the filter membrane is directly taken out to clean and collect the collected plastic particles, the operation is simple, the cost is low, the occupied space is small, the movement is flexible, and the experiment effect is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of environmental protection experimental equipment, and more specifically, to a portable water microplastic sample separation and enrichment device and a method for using the device. Background Art

[0002] Microplastic pollution in water bodies has become a major threat to the global water environment. It is widely distributed in various waters from the poles to the deep sea. As an emerging pollutant, microplastics have attracted great attention from scholars at home and abroad due to their small particles (less than 5mm in size), wide pollution range and far-reaching harm. Microplastics not only cause deep-level water pollution, but also affect the nutrition, development and reproduction of organisms through the food chain, bringing potential ecological risks. Therefore, the collection, detection and removal of microplastics have become important measures to protect and repair the water environment;

[0003] Collecting microplastics from water samples is the basis for analyzing and removing microplastics. Common types of microplastic collection devices mainly include plankton nets, surface trawls, pump filtration systems, siphon devices and water samplers. The above devices and equipment have obvious defects. For example, plankton nets and surface trawls are limited in collection range and are only suitable for microplastics on the water surface or of a specific size; pump filtration systems and siphon devices are prone to clogging or difficult to control during operation, affecting collection efficiency; water samplers are limited by capacity, sampling depth and impurity interference, resulting in insufficient sample representativeness. Overall, these devices have certain limitations in cost, operational complexity and pollution control, which are not conducive to large-scale and efficient collection of microplastics.

[0004] The application scenarios of water microplastic collection devices mainly include the sampling of microplastics in surface and deep water bodies such as oceans, rivers, and lakes. Different collection devices have strict requirements on the application scenarios. For example, larger nets are suitable for vast open waters, while small membrane filter devices are more suitable for laboratory fine analysis. In addition, existing water microplastic collection devices focus on the collection of the total amount and type of microplastics, but ignore the effect of water sample volume on the number of microplastics, resulting in low accuracy of sample testing (some particle sizes may be lost), and the temporarily assembled microplastic collection device has a long filtration time and needs to be operated by someone all the time, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the sample quality is difficult to guarantee. Therefore, a device is needed that can ensure the rapid and accurate collection of microplastics in different application scenarios and is easy to carry. Summary of the invention

[0005] 1. Technical issues to be solved

[0006] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a portable water microplastic sample separation and enrichment device and a method of using the same to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0007] (II) Technical solution

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a portable water microplastic sample separation and enrichment device and a method for using the same, comprising:

[0009] The pressure system is provided with a pressure rocker, a transmission bolt, a fixing plate and a water pressure plate, wherein the pressure rocker is connected to the transmission bolt by a screw, and the transmission bolt passes through the fixing plate and is connected to the water pressure plate by a screw;

[0010] A filtration system is arranged at the lower part of the fixing plate, and the filtration system includes a water storage cylinder, a valve device and a filter device. The filter body is placed inside the water storage cylinder, and the water storage cylinder is connected to the bottom of the side wall of the fixing plate through a threaded hole. The valve device is connected to the water storage cylinder through a threaded body, and the filter device is connected to the valve device through a buckle;

[0011] The supporting device is connected to the bottom of the water storage cylinder, and the supporting device is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the inner wall of the water storage cylinder is provided with multiple sets of guide rails, the side wall of the water pressure plate is provided with multiple sets of corresponding grooves, the top of the water pressure plate is provided with a movable groove, and the bottom of the transmission bolt is movably arranged inside the movable groove, and a bottom pad is provided at the bottom of the water pressure plate.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, a sealing gasket is provided at the bottom of the water storage cylinder, and a plurality of connecting columns are provided on the surface of the sealing gasket. A filter body is movably provided inside the water storage cylinder, and a plurality of connecting holes are provided on the surface of the filter body, and the connecting holes correspond to the connecting columns.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the inner wall of the connection hole formed in the filter body is provided with a concave-convex surface.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the buckle includes a hinged plate fixedly arranged on the surface of the filter device, the hinged plate is hinged with a rotating column, the surface of the rotating column is connected to the rotating plate, the side wall of the rotating plate is provided with a card block, the surface of the valve device is provided with a stopper, and the stopper and the card block block each other.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, a through hole is provided on the surface of the clamping block, a clamping piece is arranged inside the through hole, a groove is provided on the surface of the valve device, a clamping groove is provided on the inner wall of the groove, and the clamping groove is clamped with the clamping piece.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the clamping member includes a shell movably arranged inside the groove, a through groove is provided on the surface of the shell, a clamping plate is movably arranged inside the through groove, and the clamping plate is clamped with the clamping groove provided on the inner wall of the groove, a sliding groove is provided on one side of the clamping plate located inside the shell, and a movable column is provided between the sliding grooves, and a threaded body at one end of the movable column is connected to a bolt body.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, a through hole is opened at one end of the shell, a bearing is arranged inside the through hole, the inner ring of the bearing is connected to the bolt body, a magnetic sheet is arranged on the surface of the slide groove opened on the side wall of the clamping plate, and the movable column is made of magnetic material.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the filter device is internally provided with a compacting component, a filter membrane and a supporting component, the compacting component is internally provided with a metal mesh, the outer wall is provided with a clamping strip, the filter membrane is made of glass fiber and stainless steel, the filter mesh pore size is less than 10 μm, the supporting component is internally provided with a metal mesh and a clamping slot, the outside is provided with a water-isolating groove, the water-isolating groove is internally provided with a water-isolating gasket, the outer wall is provided with a hinged plate, and the water-isolating gasket is made of silicone material.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the steps include:

[0021] S1: When in use, move the device to the side of the sampling point and ensure that the supporting device is placed stably on a solid ground to keep the device stable; check whether the connection between the water storage cylinder, valve device and filter device is tight to ensure that the components will not loosen or leak during operation;

[0022] S2: When assembling the filtration system, place a filter of the target aperture in the water storage cylinder as needed, connect the water storage cylinder and the valve with the threaded body, and manually rotate them to a fully locked state; then, assemble the compaction component, the filter membrane, and the support component from top to bottom in sequence, and then connect the filter device to the bottom of the valve device through the buckle, making sure that the buckle is buckled in place to prevent water sample leakage during the filtration process, so as to form the entire filtration device;

[0023] S3: When setting up the pressure system, install the water pressure plate, fixed plate and rocker onto the transmission bolts in sequence and fix them with screws to make the pressure system and the filtration system tightly combined to ensure that no leakage occurs during operation; check whether the pressure rocker is firmly fixed to avoid loosening during the pressurization process;

[0024] S4: Place the filtration system on the support device; when the device is working, close the ball valve on the valve device to prevent the water sample from leaking from the bottom; then, add the water sample to the water storage cylinder to the target water level according to the scale line, and then open the ball valve to allow the water sample to start flowing to the filter device.

[0025] (III) Beneficial effects

[0026] The present invention provides a portable water microplastic sample separation and enrichment device and a method for using the same, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] The present invention adopts a water storage cylinder with a scale to accurately control the volume of water samples to meet different experimental needs; after the water storage reaches the expected volume, the ball valve is opened to allow the water sample to flow through the filter membrane under the action of gravity to achieve unpowered filtration; when the water outlet is blocked, the pressure system can be pressurized to force the water sample to be quickly filtered, or the ball valve can be closed and the filter device can be replaced to improve the collection efficiency or adapt to the collection needs of different microplastic particle sizes; the filter device adopts a multi-layer structure, the inner circle is used to filter the water sample, and the outer circle is used for water isolation and fixation to prevent the water isolation gasket from decomposing microplastic particles and contaminating the water sample; the filtration device is designed as a detachable structure, the filter membrane is easy to replace, the filter membrane is directly taken out after collection, and the plastic particles collected on the filter membrane are then cleaned and collected, the operation is simple, the cost is low, the space occupied is small, the movement is flexible, and the experimental effect is good. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the water pressure plate of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the water storage cylinder of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure is shown.

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the card of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the internal composition and structure of the filter device of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 7 The figure is a schematic diagram of the process of using the present invention.

[0035] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the accelerated filtration method of the present invention.

[0036] The accompanying drawings are marked as follows: 1. pressure rocker; 2. transmission bolt; 3. fixing plate; 4. water pressure plate; 5. threaded hole; 6. water storage cylinder; 7. threaded body; 8. spherical valve; 9. valve device; 10. buckle; 11. filter device; 12. supporting device; 13. filter body; 14. guide rail; 15. movable groove; 16. bottom pad; 17. connecting hole; 18. connecting column; 19. sealing gasket; 20. hinged plate; 21. rotating column; 22. rotating plate; 23. stopper; 24. card block; 25. card part; 26. shell; 27. card plate; 28. movable column; 29. ​​bolt body; 30. compacting component; 31. filter membrane; 32. supporting component; 33. card strip; 34. card slot; 35. water-proof gasket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] The present invention provides a portable water microplastic sample separation and enrichment device and a use method thereof, comprising a pressure system, including a pressure rocker 1, a transmission bolt 2, a fixing plate 3 and a water pressure plate 4, wherein the pressure rocker 1 is connected to the transmission bolt 2 by a screw, and the transmission bolt 2 passes through the fixing plate 3 and is connected to the water pressure plate 4 by a screw. Furthermore, the design of the pressure system can provide stable pressure during the water sample filtration process, avoid blockage, and improve the filtration efficiency, wherein the fixing plate 3 has a diameter of 35 cm and a thickness of 3 cm; the water pressure plate 4 has a diameter of 27 cm and a thickness of 4 cm; the pressure rocker 1 has a length of 37 cm and a thickness of 2 cm;

[0039] A filtration system is arranged at the lower part of the fixed plate 3, and the filtration system includes a water storage cylinder 6, a valve device 9 and a filter device 11. The water storage cylinder 6 is connected to the bottom of the side wall of the fixed plate 3 through a threaded hole 5. A detachable filter is placed inside the water storage cylinder 6. The valve device 9 is connected to the water storage cylinder 6 through a thread, and the filter device 11 is connected to the valve device 9 through a buckle 10. Further, this design facilitates the replacement of the filter membrane and the cleaning of the system, and helps to meet the collection needs of microplastics of different particle sizes, wherein the upper opening of the water storage barrel is 27 cm, the barrel height is 25 cm, the lower opening is 14 cm, and the barrel height is 3.9 cm; the valve device 9 is 28.5 cm high and has an inner diameter of 17 cm; the filter device 11 has an outer diameter of 24 cm and an inner diameter of 17 cm, and is provided with 19 sealing gaskets at the bottom;

[0040] The support device 12 is stably connected under the water storage cylinder 6 and is arranged at the bottom to maintain the stability and portability of the device. The design of the support device 12 can not only ensure the stability of the device during the sampling process, but also facilitate rapid deployment in different environments. Furthermore, the bracket is a four-legged bracket with a height of 50 cm. The four legs are connected by a flat plate. A hole with a diameter of 3 cm is opened on the inner side of the flat plate for placing the filter device.

[0041] Based on the above, the above scheme is further refined and introduced in combination with the following specific working methods. See the following description for details.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown; the inner wall of the water storage cylinder 6 is provided with multiple groups of guide rails 14, the side wall of the water pressure plate 4 is provided with multiple groups of corresponding grooves, the top of the water pressure plate 4 is provided with a movable groove 15, and the bottom of the transmission bolt 2 is movably provided inside the movable groove 15, and the bottom of the water pressure plate 4 is provided with a bottom pad 16. Furthermore, the grooves provided on the side wall of the water pressure plate 4 are movable on the surface of the guide rails 14. When the water pressure plate 4 moves vertically, it will not rotate itself. The movable groove 15 provided on the top of the water pressure plate 4 is movably connected with the transmission bolt 2. When the transmission bolt 2 rotates, the transmission bolt 2 will not be affected by the inability of the water pressure plate 4 to rotate. At the same time, the bottom pad 16 provided at the bottom of the water pressure plate 4 is used to increase the sealing inside the water storage cylinder 6.

[0043] like Figure 3 As shown; a sealing gasket 19 is arranged at the bottom of the water storage cylinder 6, and a plurality of connecting columns 18 are arranged on the surface of the sealing gasket 19, a filter body 13 is movably arranged inside the water storage cylinder 6, a plurality of connecting holes 17 are provided on the surface of the filter body 13, and the connecting holes 17 correspond to the connecting columns 18, further, the sealing gasket 19 arranged at the bottom of the water storage cylinder 6 is utilized to increase the sealing performance of the filter body 13, and the filter body 13 is connected to the connecting holes 17 through the connecting columns 18 to fix the filter body 13.

[0044] like Figure 3 As shown; the inner wall of the connection hole 17 opened by the filter body 13 is provided with a concave-convex surface. Further, the concave-convex surface provided inside the connection hole 17 is utilized to increase the friction between the connection hole 17 and the connection column 18.

[0045] like Figure 4 As shown; the buckle 10 includes a hinged plate 20 fixedly arranged on the surface of the filter device 11, the hinged plate 20 is hinged with a rotating column 21, the surface of the rotating column 21 is connected with a rotating plate 22, and the side wall of the rotating plate 22 is provided with a clamping block 24, and the surface of the valve device 9 is provided with a stopper 23, and the stopper 23 and the clamping block 24 are blocked from each other. Further, the clamping block 24 and the stopper 23 are blocked from each other to fix the filter device 11.

[0046] like Figure 4 As shown; a through hole is provided on the surface of the block 24, a clamping member 25 is arranged inside the through hole, a groove is provided on the surface of the valve device 9, a clamping groove is provided on the inner wall of the groove, and the clamping groove is clamped with the clamping member 25, further, the clamping groove and the clamping member 25 are clamped together to further strengthen the degree of fixation between the valve device 9 and the filter device 11.

[0047] like Figure 5 As shown; the clamping member 25 includes a shell 26 movably arranged inside the groove, a through groove is provided on the surface of the shell 26, a clamping plate 27 is movably arranged inside the through groove, and the clamping plate 27 is clamped with the clamping groove provided on the inner wall of the groove, a sliding groove is provided on one side of the clamping plate 27 located inside the shell 26, and a movable column 28 is provided between the sliding grooves, and a threaded body 7 at one end of the movable column 28 is connected to a bolt body 29, further, the movable column 28 is driven to move horizontally inside the shell 26 by rotating the bolt, and when the movable column 28 moves horizontally, the clamping plate 27 is pushed to move to the outside of the shell 26, so that the clamping plate 27 is clamped with the clamping groove provided in the groove.

[0048] like Figure 5 As shown; a through hole is opened at one end of the shell 26, and a bearing is arranged inside the through hole. The inner ring of the bearing is connected to the bolt body 29, and the surface of the slide groove opened on the side wall of the clamping plate 27 is provided with a magnetic piece, and the movable column 28 is made of magnetic material. Furthermore, by utilizing the bearing arranged inside the through hole, the bolt can rotate freely inside the shell 26, and the bolt itself will not move during the rotation process. At the same time, the magnetic piece arranged on the surface of the slide groove opened by the clamping plate 27 and the surface of the movable column 28 are attached to each other, so as to facilitate pulling the clamping plate 27 back into the shell 26 so as to disassemble the filter device 11.

[0049] like Figure 6 As shown; the filter device 11 is provided with a compacting component 30, a filter membrane 31 and a supporting component 32, the compacting component 30 is provided with a metal mesh, the outer wall is provided with a clamping strip 33, the filter membrane 31 is made of glass fiber and stainless steel, the filter mesh pore size is less than 10μm, the supporting component 32 is provided with a metal mesh and a clamping slot 34, the outside is provided with a water-isolating groove, a water-isolating gasket 35 is provided in the water-isolating groove, a water-isolating gasket 35 is provided in the water-isolating groove, and a hinged plate is provided on the outer wall, the water-isolating gasket 35 is made of silicone material, further, the compacting component 30, the filter membrane 31 and the supporting component 32 are sequentially combined from top to bottom and clamped by the clamp 33 and the clamping slot 34, the upper and lower metal meshes are tightly fitted with the filter membrane, ensuring that the surface of the filter membrane 31 is flat and the position is fixed during filtration, ensuring that all water samples flow through the filter membrane.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] like Figure 7As shown; this embodiment also provides a method for using a portable on-site separation and enrichment device for water microplastic samples, comprising the following steps:

[0052] S1: When in use, the device is moved to the side of the sampling point, and the support device 12 is placed stably on a solid ground to keep the device stable; check whether the connection between the water storage cylinder 6, the valve device 9 and the filter device 11 is tight, and ensure that the components will not loosen or leak during operation;

[0053] S2: When assembling the filtration system, place a filter of a target aperture in the water storage cylinder 6 as needed, thread the water storage cylinder 6 and the valve together, and manually rotate them to a fully locked state; then connect the filter device 11 to the bottom of the valve device 9 through the buckle 10, and ensure that the buckle 10 is buckled in place to prevent the filter from loosening during the filtration process, so as to form the entire filtration device;

[0054] S3: When setting up the pressure system, install the water pressure plate 4, the fixing plate 3 and the rocker onto the transmission bolt 2 in sequence and fix them with screws to make the pressure system and the filtration system tightly combined to ensure that no leakage occurs during operation; check whether the pressure rocker 11 is firmly fixed to avoid loosening during the pressurization process;

[0055] S4: Place the filtration system on the support device 12; when the device is working, close the ball valve on the valve device 9 to prevent the water sample from leaking from the bottom; then, add the water sample to the target water level in the water storage cylinder 6 according to the scale line, and then open the ball valve 8 to allow the water sample to start flowing to the filter device 11.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] like Figure 8 As shown; this embodiment also provides a portable on-site separation and enrichment device for water microplastic samples, and a method for using the device when the water outlet is blocked, comprising the following steps:

[0058] S1: If the water flow below the filter device 11 is not smooth, the pressure rocker 1 can be slowly rotated to move the screw downward, pushing the water pressure plate 4 downward, further increasing the water sample pressure, and causing the water sample to quickly flow through the filter device 11;

[0059] S2: If the water flow from the bottom of the filter device 11 is still not smooth and the pressure system cannot force the water sample to flow downward, it is necessary to close the ball valve 8, open the buckle 10 to replace the new filter device 11 or replace the internal filter membrane 31, and after installing the new filter device 11, close the buckle 10 and check the stability, then open the ball valve 8 again to continue collecting microplastic samples.

[0060] In summary, the working process of the present invention is as follows: a water storage cylinder 6 with a scale is used to accurately control the volume of water samples to meet different experimental needs; after the water storage reaches the expected volume, the ball valve 8 is opened to allow the water sample to flow through the filter membrane under the action of gravity to achieve unpowered filtration; when the water outlet is blocked, the pressure system can be pressurized to force the water sample to be filtered quickly, or the ball valve can be closed and the filter device 11 can be replaced to improve the collection efficiency or adapt to the collection needs of different microplastic particle sizes; the filtering device is designed as a detachable structure, and the filter membrane is easy to replace. After collection, the filter membrane is directly taken out to clean and collect the collected plastic particles. The operation is simple, the cost is low, the space occupied is small, the movement is flexible, and the experimental effect is good.

[0061] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0062] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A portable water microplastic sample separation and enrichment device, comprising: The pressure system comprises a pressure rocker (1), a transmission bolt (2), a fixing plate (3) and a water pressure plate (4), wherein the pressure rocker (1) is connected to the transmission bolt (2) via a screw, and the transmission bolt (2) passes through the fixing plate (3) and is connected to the water pressure plate (4) via a screw; A filtering system is arranged at the lower part of the fixing plate (3), the filtering system comprising a water storage cylinder (6), a valve device (9) and a filter device (11), a filter body (13) is placed inside the water storage cylinder (6), the water storage cylinder (6) is connected to the bottom of the side wall of the fixing plate (3) through a threaded hole (5), the valve device (9) is connected to the water storage cylinder (6) through a threaded body (7), and the filter device (11) is connected to the valve device (9) through a buckle (10); The supporting device (12) is connected to the bottom of the water storage cylinder (6), and the supporting device (12) is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

2. A portable water microplastic sample separation and enrichment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the water storage cylinder (6) is provided with a plurality of guide rails (14), the side wall of the water pressure plate (4) is provided with a plurality of corresponding grooves, the top of the water pressure plate (4) is provided with a movable groove (15), and the bottom of the transmission bolt (2) is movably arranged inside the movable groove (15), and the bottom of the water pressure plate (4) is provided with a bottom pad (16).

3. A portable water microplastic sample separation and enrichment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water storage cylinder (6) is provided with a sealing gasket (19) at the bottom thereof, and a plurality of connection columns (18) are provided on the surface of the sealing gasket (19). A filter body (13) is movably provided inside the water storage cylinder (6), and a plurality of connection holes (17) are provided on the surface of the filter body (13), and the connection holes (17) correspond to the connection columns (18).

4. A portable water microplastic sample separation and enrichment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner wall of the connection hole (17) provided in the filter body (13) is provided with a concave-convex surface.

5. A portable water microplastic sample separation and enrichment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buckle (10) comprises a hinged plate (20) fixedly arranged on the surface of the filter device (11), the hinged plate (20) is hingedly connected with a rotating column (21), the surface of the rotating column (21) is connected with a rotating plate (22), a clamping block (24) is arranged on the side wall of the rotating plate (22), and a stopper (23) is arranged on the surface of the valve device (9), and the stopper (23) and the clamping block (24) block each other.

6. A portable water microplastic sample separation and enrichment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A through hole is provided on the surface of the clamping block (24), a clamping piece (25) is arranged inside the through hole, a groove is provided on the surface of the valve device (9), a clamping groove is provided on the inner wall of the groove, and the clamping groove is clamped with the clamping piece (25).

7. A portable water microplastic sample separation and enrichment device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The clamping member (25) comprises a shell (26) movably arranged inside the groove, a through groove is provided on the surface of the shell (26), a clamping plate (27) is movably arranged inside the through groove, and the clamping plate (27) is clamped with a clamping groove provided on the inner wall of the groove, a sliding groove is provided on one side of the clamping plate (27) located inside the shell (26), and a movable column (28) is provided between the sliding grooves, and a threaded body (7) at one end of the movable column (28) is connected to a bolt body (29).

8. A portable water microplastic sample separation and enrichment device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A through hole is provided at one end of the shell (26), a bearing is arranged inside the through hole, the inner ring of the bearing is connected to the bolt body (29), a magnetic sheet is provided on the surface of the slide groove provided on the side wall of the clamping plate (27), and the movable column (28) is made of magnetic material.

9. A portable water microplastic sample separation and enrichment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter device (11) is provided with a compacting component (30), a filter membrane (31) and a supporting component (32) inside. A metal mesh is provided inside the compacting component (30), and a clamping strip (33) is provided on the outer wall. The filter membrane (31) is made of glass fiber and stainless steel, and the filter mesh aperture is below 10 μm. A metal mesh and a clamping slot (34) are provided inside the supporting component (32). When working, the clamping strip (25) is clamped with the clamping slot (34). A water-blocking groove is provided outside, and a water-blocking gasket (35) is provided inside the water-blocking groove. A hinged plate is provided on the outer wall, and the water-blocking gasket (35) is made of silica gel.

10. The method for using a portable water microplastic sample separation and enrichment device according to claim 1 comprises the following steps: S1: When in use, the device is moved to the side of the sampling point, and the support device (12) is placed stably on a solid ground to keep the device stable; check whether the water storage cylinder (6), the valve device (9) and the filter device (11) are tightly connected to ensure that the components will not loosen or leak during operation; S2: When assembling the filtration system, a filter screen of a target aperture is placed in the water storage cylinder (6) as required, the water storage cylinder (6) is connected and assembled with the valve body (7) by means of a threaded connection, and the connection is manually rotated to a fully locked state; thereafter, the compacting component (30), the filter membrane (31) and the supporting component (32) are sequentially assembled from top to bottom, and then the filter screen device (11) is connected to the bottom of the valve device (9) via the buckle (10), and the buckle (10) is ensured to be buckled in place to prevent water sample leakage during the filtration process, so as to form the entire filtration device; S3: When setting up the pressure system, install the water pressure plate (4), the fixing plate (3) and the rocker onto the transmission bolt (2) in sequence and fix them with screws so that the pressure system and the filtration system are tightly combined to ensure that no leakage occurs during operation; check whether the pressure rocker (1) is firmly fixed to avoid loosening during the pressurization process; S4: Place the filtration system on the support device (12); when the device is working, close the ball valve on the valve device (9) to prevent the water sample from leaking from the bottom; then, add the water sample to the target water level in the water storage cylinder (6) according to the scale line, and then open the ball valve (8) to allow the water sample to start flowing to the filter device (11).

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