Dynamic centering method for wind generating set

Abstract

The invention provides a dynamic centering method for a wind generating set, relates to the technical field of wind power process assembly, and aims to solve the problem that the centering precision is difficult to meet the requirement of a dynamic operation working condition due to the dynamic change of the rigidity of the elastic support rubber of the current generator in consideration of the dynamic change of the rigidity of the elastic support rubber of the generator during operation of the wind generating set. And the dynamic variable quantity is used as a correction value for correction during centering, so that the real centering precision during dynamic operation of the generator is improved, the operation precision of a transmission chain is improved, the abnormal vibration of a unit is reduced, and the service life of a transmission chain part is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wind power process assembly, and in particular to a dynamic centering method for a wind power generator set. Background Art

[0002] With the development of large-scale wind turbines, large-megawatt wind turbines have become the mainstream products in the industry. In addition to the requirements for the design of various components of the whole machine, large-megawatt wind turbines also put forward higher requirements for the assembly process of the entire transmission chain. Among them, the alignment accuracy requirements of the generator and the high-speed shaft of the gearbox in the transmission chain are also further increased, so as to ensure that the operating accuracy and component life of the entire transmission chain meet the requirements.

[0003] A Chinese patent (publication number CN112945550B) discloses a method for realizing the alignment of a high-speed shaft under dynamic working conditions of a wind turbine. By determining the equivalent measurement points on the gearbox housing, the measurement scheme of installing a laser transmitter and a laser sensor can be realized, solving the problem that it is difficult to measure the dynamic misalignment of the high-speed shaft of the wind turbine. At the same time, the ideal dynamic compensation amount of the high-speed shaft under the operating conditions of the wind turbine is obtained through the data relationship training model, and finally the good alignment of the gearbox and the generator under dynamic operating conditions is achieved. This method can improve the operating efficiency and stability of the wind turbine. Although the compensation during dynamic operation is considered, the working conditions of the generator using elastic supports made of rubber material are not considered. The gearbox support has a large mass and works in a low-frequency working condition, so the change in stiffness of the gearbox support is small. Compared with the support at the gearbox position, the generator uses an elastic support with reduced stiffness because of its relatively small overall mass. The elastic support rubber stiffness will change dynamically due to the operating frequency of the generator, resulting in a decrease in the alignment accuracy of the generator during dynamic design operation, thereby affecting the transmission efficiency and service life of the entire transmission chain of the unit. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a dynamic centering method for a wind turbine generator set in view of the defects of the prior art. The method takes into account the dynamic change of the rubber stiffness of the elastic support of the generator when the wind turbine set is running, and uses the dynamic change as a correction value for correction during centering, thereby improving the real centering accuracy of the generator during dynamic operation, improving the operation accuracy of the transmission chain, reducing abnormal vibration of the unit, and thereby increasing the service life of the transmission chain components.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the following solutions are adopted:

[0006] A method for dynamic centering of a wind turbine generator set, comprising:

[0007] Obtain the static stiffness and dynamic stiffness of the elastic support of the generator made of rubber material, and calculate the static compression and dynamic compression of the elastic support of the generator in combination with the weight of the generator and the working load;

[0008] The dynamic correction value is calculated by the static compression and dynamic compression, and the corrected centering accuracy requirement is obtained by combining the basic centering accuracy requirement and the dynamic correction value;

[0009] Install the centering element on the generator input shaft and the gearbox output shaft, and use the generator auxiliary adjustment device to adjust the generator input shaft so that the centering accuracy of the generator input shaft and the gearbox output shaft meets the requirements of the corrected centering accuracy;

[0010] Fix the generator position and remove the centering elements and auxiliary adjustment devices.

[0011] Furthermore, by performing a stiffness test on the generator elastic support, the static stiffness and dynamic stiffness of the generator elastic support are obtained.

[0012] Furthermore, first piece or random inspection tests are carried out on the elastic supports of the same batch of generators to obtain the static stiffness and dynamic stiffness.

[0013] Furthermore, when the generator stops, the static compression of the generator elastic support is calculated using the generator weight and static stiffness; when the generator is running dynamically, the dynamic compression of the generator elastic support is calculated using the generator weight and dynamic stiffness.

[0014] Furthermore, the number of elastic supports of the generator installed on the generator feet is used to calculate the static compression amount and the dynamic compression amount of the elastic supports of the generator when all the elastic supports of the generator jointly support the generator.

[0015] Furthermore, the dynamic correction value is the absolute value of the difference between the static compression amount and the dynamic compression amount.

[0016] Furthermore, the centering element is a centering instrument, which measures the centering deviation of the generator input shaft and the gearbox output shaft, and controls the centering deviation to be within the required range of the corrected centering accuracy.

[0017] Furthermore, the generator auxiliary adjustment device is used to adjust the vertical position and horizontal position of the generator, so that the vertical deviation and horizontal deviation of the generator input shaft and the gearbox output shaft meet the correction centering accuracy requirements.

[0018] Furthermore, after the centering accuracy meets the requirement of the modified centering accuracy, the fasteners between the generator elastic support and the generator, and between the generator elastic support and the generator chassis are fastened to fix the position of the generator.

[0019] Furthermore, after the generator position is fixed, the connection between the generator input shaft and the gearbox output shaft is established.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects:

[0021] (1) In order to solve the problem that the dynamic change of the elastic support rubber stiffness of the generator makes it difficult for the alignment accuracy to meet the requirements of dynamic operating conditions, the dynamic change of the elastic support rubber stiffness of the generator during the operation of the wind turbine is considered, and the dynamic change is used as the correction value for correction during alignment, thereby improving the actual alignment accuracy of the generator during dynamic operation, improving the operation accuracy of the transmission chain, reducing the abnormal vibration of the unit, and thus prolonging the service life of the transmission chain components.

[0022] (2) The dynamic precise alignment correction value is calculated, and the static and dynamic changes of the elastic support rubber body of the generator are considered in advance during static alignment, so as to correct the alignment accuracy of dynamic operation and improve the stability during dynamic operation.

[0023] (3) Compared with the method of using online dynamic data monitoring to correct the centering accuracy, it has the advantages of short cycle, low cost, high efficiency, reliable operability for on-site operators, high versatility, and will not be affected by the limitations caused by the installation of special equipment and different unit designs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram corresponding to the dynamic centering method of a wind turbine generator set in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the dynamic centering correction in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic flow chart of the dynamic centering method of a wind turbine generator set in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure, 10, gear box; 11, output shaft; 20, generator; 21, input shaft; 30, elastic support; 40, laser centering instrument; 50, auxiliary adjustment device; 60, generator chassis. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] Example 1

[0030] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, a dynamic centering method for a wind turbine generator set is given.

[0031] Because the generator 20 has a relatively small overall mass, it uses an elastic support 30 with low stiffness. The rubber stiffness of the elastic support 30 will change dynamically due to the operating frequency of the generator 20, resulting in the alignment accuracy of the generator 20 being difficult to meet the stability requirements during dynamic operation. Based on this, this embodiment provides a dynamic alignment method for a wind turbine generator set. Based on the dynamic change of the stiffness of the elastic support 30 of the rubber generator 20, the dynamic change amount is used as a correction value to be corrected during alignment, thereby improving the actual alignment accuracy of the generator 20 during dynamic operation.

[0032] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, a method for dynamic centering of a wind turbine generator set comprises:

[0033] Obtain the static stiffness and dynamic stiffness of the elastic support 30 of the generator 20 made of rubber material, and calculate the static compression and dynamic compression of the elastic support 30 of the generator 20 in combination with the weight and working load of the generator 20;

[0034] The dynamic correction value is calculated by the static compression and dynamic compression, and the corrected centering accuracy requirement is obtained by combining the basic centering accuracy requirement and the dynamic correction value;

[0035] Install a centering element on the input shaft 21 of the generator 20 and the output shaft 11 of the gearbox 10, and use the auxiliary adjustment device of the generator 20 to adjust the input shaft 21 of the generator 20 so that the centering accuracy of the input shaft 21 of the generator 20 and the output shaft 11 of the gearbox 10 meets the modified centering accuracy requirement;

[0036] Fix the position of the generator 20 and remove the centering components and auxiliary adjustment devices.

[0037] Specific, combined Figure 3 , the method for dynamic centering of a wind turbine generator set comprises the following steps:

[0038] 1) Confirm the rigidity performance of the elastic support 30 made of rubber.

[0039] The stiffness performance of the elastic support 30 made of rubber material is confirmed by a stiffness test; the elastic support 30 of the generator 20 is a rubber elastic element used to support the generator 20 in the wind turbine generator set; the elastic support 30 of the generator 20 includes a rubber body and a metal covering.

[0040] The stiffness test refers to installing the elastic support 30 of the generator 20 on a stiffness testing machine to obtain its static and dynamic stiffness values ​​respectively; the static stiffness value k1 can be obtained by testing according to GB / T 33096; the dynamic stiffness value k2 can be obtained by testing according to the working load of the unit and the rated speed frequency of the generator 20.

[0041] The rubber stiffness performance of the elastic support 30 of the generator 20 can be directly confirmed by first piece or random inspection on the manufacturer's testing machine when the elastic support 30 products of the same batch of generators 20 are shipped.

[0042] 2) Determine the dynamic correction value ΔX during the alignment operation.

[0043] The dynamic correction value ΔX refers to the correction value determined by taking dynamic changes into consideration when the generator 20 is statically aligned; the correction value is the change in the compression of the elastic support 30 caused by the change in the dynamic stiffness value k2 and the static stiffness value k1 of the rubber part of the elastic support 30 of the generator 20; the dynamic stiffness value k2 of the elastic support 30 of the generator 20 is the stiffness performance exhibited by the rubber body of the elastic support 30 of the generator 20 at the rated speed.

[0044] The static stiffness value k1 is the stiffness performance exhibited by the rubber body of the elastic support 30 when the generator 20 stops; the compression change is the difference between the compression X1 of the elastic support 30 caused by the gravity G of the generator 20 when it is static and non-operating and the compression X2 of the elastic support 30 caused by the gravity G when the generator 20 is dynamically operating, that is, ΔX=|X1-X2|.

[0045] The static compression X1 is the ratio of the gravity G of the generator 20 to the static stiffness k1 of the elastic support 30, that is, X1 = G / (4*k1). Since the generator 20 requires 4 elastic supports 30 of the generator 20 to be installed at the bottom of the generator 20, the formula needs to be multiplied by 4.

[0046] The dynamic compression X2 is the ratio of the gravity G of the generator 20 to the dynamic stiffness k2 of the elastic support 30, that is, X2=G / (4*k2); the dynamic correction value ΔX can be determined by calculation, that is, ΔX=|G / (4*k1)-G / (4*k2)|.

[0047] It should be pointed out that the material properties of the elastic support 30 itself, that is, the stiffness of the rubber material, will change dynamically due to the operating frequency of the generator 20. This dynamic change will directly affect the centering accuracy of the generator 20, because the behavior of the rubber support under dynamic load is more complex than that under static load. Therefore, in this embodiment, by comparing the static compression amount and the dynamic compression amount, a dynamic correction value is calculated. The correction value reflects the change in centering accuracy caused by the dynamic change of rubber stiffness, so as to facilitate the subsequent consideration of the correction value and optimize the centering operation process.

[0048] 3) Take dynamic correction values ​​into account during precision alignment operations.

[0049] Usually, a laser alignment instrument 40 is commonly used for centering the generator 20 of a wind turbine. The precision requirements for precise centering are generally ±0.05mm vertically and ±0.05mm horizontally. Precise centering refers to the alignment of the output shaft 11 of the gearbox 10 in the wind turbine with the input shaft 21 of the generator 20. Figure 2 shown.

[0050] In this embodiment, in order to ensure that the centering accuracy of the generator 20 during dynamic operation can meet the above requirements, the correction value needs to be taken into account during static centering to obtain the corrected centering accuracy requirement, that is, the static centering accuracy requirement needs to be corrected to ±(0.05-ΔX)mm vertically and ±0.05mm horizontally.

[0051] In this embodiment, the calculation method of the centering correction value and the problem of static and dynamic changes of the rubber body of the elastic support 30 of the generator 20 are considered in advance during static centering to achieve the centering accuracy of dynamic operation.

[0052] 4) A laser alignment instrument 40 is installed on the input shaft 21 of the generator 20 and the output shaft 11 of the gearbox 10, respectively. Combined with the adjustment device of the elastic support 30 of the generator 20 itself or the auxiliary adjustment device 50, the generator 20 is aligned in the vertical and horizontal directions respectively until the requirements of vertical ±(0.05-ΔX) mm and horizontal ±0.05 mm are met.

[0053] 5) If Figure 1 As shown, the laser centering instrument 40 and the auxiliary adjustment device 50 are removed, and the connecting bolts between the elastic support 30 of the generator 20 and the generator 20, and between the elastic support 30 of the generator 20 and the generator frame 60 are tightened, and the dynamic precision centering process operation is completed.

[0054] 6) After fixing the position of the generator 20 , establish the connection between the input shaft 21 of the generator 20 and the output shaft 11 of the gearbox 10 .

[0055] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for dynamic centering of a wind turbine generator set, characterized in that: include: Obtain the static stiffness and dynamic stiffness of the elastic support of the generator made of rubber material, and calculate the static compression and dynamic compression of the elastic support of the generator in combination with the weight of the generator and the working load; The dynamic correction value is calculated by the static compression and dynamic compression, and the corrected centering accuracy requirement is obtained by combining the basic centering accuracy requirement and the dynamic correction value; Install the centering element on the generator input shaft and the gearbox output shaft, and use the generator auxiliary adjustment device to adjust the generator input shaft so that the centering accuracy of the generator input shaft and the gearbox output shaft meets the requirements of the corrected centering accuracy; Fix the generator position and remove the centering elements and auxiliary adjustment devices.

2. The method for dynamic centering of a wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that: By conducting a stiffness test on the generator elastic support, the static stiffness and dynamic stiffness of the generator elastic support are obtained.

3. The method for dynamic centering of a wind turbine generator set according to claim 2, characterized in that: Carry out first piece or random inspection tests on the elastic supports of generators in the same batch to obtain the static stiffness and dynamic stiffness.

4. The method for dynamic centering of a wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the generator stops, the static compression of the generator elastic support is calculated using the generator weight and static stiffness; when the generator is running dynamically, the dynamic compression of the generator elastic support is calculated using the generator weight and dynamic stiffness.

5. The method for dynamic centering of a wind turbine generator set according to claim 4, characterized in that: The number of elastic supports of the generator installed on the generator foot is used to calculate the static compression amount and the dynamic compression amount of the elastic supports of the generator when all the elastic supports of the generator jointly support the generator.

6. The method for dynamic centering of a wind turbine generator set according to claim 5, characterized in that: The dynamic correction value is the absolute value of the difference between the static compression amount and the dynamic compression amount.

7. The method for dynamic centering of a wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that: The centering element is a centering instrument, which measures the centering deviation of the generator input shaft and the gearbox output shaft, and controls the centering deviation to be within the required range of the corrected centering accuracy.

8. The method for dynamic centering of a wind turbine generator set according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: The generator auxiliary adjustment device is used to adjust the vertical position and horizontal position of the generator so that the vertical deviation and horizontal deviation of the generator input shaft and the gearbox output shaft meet the correction centering accuracy requirements.

9. The method for dynamic centering of a wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the centering accuracy meets the requirements of the modified centering accuracy, fasteners between the generator elastic support and the generator, and between the generator elastic support and the generator chassis are tightened to fix the position of the generator.

10. The method for dynamic centering of a wind turbine generator set according to claim 9, characterized in that: After fixing the generator position, establish the connection between the generator input shaft and the gearbox output shaft.

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