Wind power plant annular layout design method and system, control device and storage medium

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wind power, particularly provides a wind power plant annular layout design method and system, a control device and a storage medium, and aims to solve the technical problem that the generating capacity and the cable cost cannot be comprehensively balanced when a wind power plant is designed in an annular layout mode in the prior art. In order to achieve the purpose, the method comprises the steps that based on a preset annular arrangement rule and range parameters, a first initial position of a wind turbine generator in an annular arrangement structure and a second initial position of a booster station are obtained; based on the environmental parameters, the fuselage parameters and the first initial position, obtaining the total generation power of the wind power plant by using a preset first model; based on the cost parameter, the first initial position and the second initial position, obtaining the total cost of the cable by using a preset second model; and obtaining a target topological structure of the power device by using a preset third model based on the total generation power and the total cost. On the premise of annular layout, the power generation power and the cable cost are comprehensively balanced, so that the high power generation power is realized at low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of wind power technology, and specifically provides a wind farm annular layout design method, system, control device and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] In wind farm planning, the cable layout of units is usually regarded as the route planning between units and units and between units and booster stations, but the economic cost of the feeder cable is not taken into account. Most of the micro-site selection schemes for wind farms are randomly arranged without a regular arrangement. The units in the wind farm are arranged in a ring shape, and the layout is based on the boundary shape of the field area, which is aesthetically pleasing. The unit point shape is friendly to the layout of the collector line. The micro-site selection and cable layout of wind farms are usually regarded as independent and sequential planning steps, first the planning of wind turbine locations, and then the design of cable layout. However, due to the competition between the power generation of units and the cable cost in the wind farm, the traditional step-by-step sequential design may lead to suboptimal solutions in the optimization results. In this case, it is necessary to consider a comprehensive joint planning method to find a balance between the location of wind turbines and the cable layout, so as to comprehensively consider the power generation of wind turbines and the cable cost at the same time, which is of great significance for the research and practical application of wind farm planning.

[0003] Accordingly, the art needs a new wind farm ring layout design method, system, control device and storage medium solution to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects, the present application is proposed to provide a wind farm ring layout design method, system, control device and storage medium that solves or at least partially solves the technical problem in the prior art that it is impossible to comprehensively balance the power generation and cable costs when designing a wind farm with a ring layout.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for designing a ring layout of a wind farm, wherein the wind farm comprises at least a power device and a cable, and power is transmitted between the power devices through the cable, wherein the power device comprises at least a wind turbine and a booster station, and the method comprises: Acquire range parameters of the wind farm, environmental parameters of the wind farm, fuselage parameters of the wind turbine generator set, and cost parameters of the cable; Based on the preset annular arrangement rule and the range parameter, the annular arrangement structure of the wind turbine generator set and the second initial position of the booster station are obtained, wherein the position of the wind turbine generator set is recorded as the first initial position; Based on the environmental parameters, the fuselage parameters and the first initial position, using a preset first model, obtaining the total power generation of the wind farm; Based on the cost parameter, the first initial position and the second initial position, using a preset second model, obtaining the total cost of the cable; Based on the total generated power and the total cost, a target topology of the power device is obtained by using a preset third model.

[0006] In a technical solution of the above-mentioned ring layout method of a wind farm, the environmental parameters include at least natural wind speed, natural wind direction, and probability distribution of the natural wind speed and the natural wind direction, and the total power generation power of the wind farm is obtained based on the environmental parameters, the fuselage parameters and the first initial position by using a preset first model, including: Based on the environmental parameters, the fuselage parameters and the first initial position, obtaining the inflow wind speed of each wind turbine set under each of the natural wind conditions, wherein the natural wind conditions include the natural wind speed and the natural wind direction; Based on the preset corresponding relationship and the inflow wind speed, the power generation power of each wind turbine set under each natural wind condition is obtained; Calculating the product of each of the generated powers and the probability of the corresponding natural wind condition; The values ​​of all the products are summed up to obtain the total generated power of the wind farm.

[0007] In a technical solution of the above-mentioned annular layout method of a wind farm, obtaining the inflow wind speed of each wind turbine under each natural wind condition based on the environmental parameters, the fuselage parameters and the first initial position includes: For any of the natural wind conditions, based on the environmental parameters, the fuselage parameters of all the wind turbines and all the first initial positions, the wake velocity loss at any position in the wind farm is obtained; For any of the wind turbine generator sets, based on the environmental parameters, the first initial position of the wind turbine generator set, and the wake velocity loss at the first initial position of the wind turbine generator set, an inflow wind velocity of the wind turbine generator set is obtained; All the wind turbines are traversed to obtain the inflow wind speed of each wind turbine.

[0008] In a technical solution of the above-mentioned ring layout method of a wind farm, the total cost of the cable is obtained based on the cost parameter, the first initial position and the second initial position by using a preset second model, including: Based on a preset generation rule, the first initial position, and the second initial position, a predicted connection relationship of the power device is obtained; Based on the predicted connection relationship, obtaining a distance between two of the interconnected power devices; Based on the distance and the cost parameter, a total cost of the cable is obtained, wherein the predicted connection relationship corresponds one-to-one to the total cost.

[0009] In a technical solution of the above-mentioned ring layout method of a wind farm, obtaining the target topology structure of the power device based on the total generated power and the total cost by using a preset third model includes: Calculating the excess volume value of the total power generation and the total cost; When the super volume value satisfies a preset condition, determining that the total power generation is the maximum power generation and the total cost is the minimum total cost; Recording the first initial position corresponding to the maximum generated power as a target first position, recording the second initial position corresponding to the minimum total cost as a target second position, and recording the predicted connection relationship corresponding to the minimum total cost as a target connection relationship; The target topology structure includes the target first position, the target second position and the target connection relationship.

[0010] In a technical solution of the above-mentioned annular layout method of a wind farm, the fuselage parameters include at least a rotor diameter of the wind turbine set, and obtaining the annular arrangement structure of the wind turbine set and the second initial position of the booster station based on the preset annular arrangement rule and the range parameter includes: Based on the wind rotor diameter, randomly generate an inner ring spacing between two adjacent wind turbines, wherein the inner ring spacing is greater than the wind rotor diameter and less than a preset threshold, the preset threshold is n times the wind rotor diameter, and n is a positive integer greater than 1; Based on the range parameters, randomly generate the center point coordinates, the ring spacing between multiple concentric rings, the ring spacing starting point ratio, and the ray angle of the starting point within the ring; Connect the center point with any point on the boundary of the range, and determine the ring spacing starting point on the connecting line based on the ring spacing starting point ratio; Based on the ring spacing, determine the intersection points of the remaining concentric rings and the connecting line on the connecting line; Based on the ring spacing starting point and the intersection point, the plurality of concentric rings are obtained; Taking the center point as the starting point and based on the ray angle of the starting point, obtaining the inner starting point of each of the concentric rings; Taking the starting point in the ring as the starting point and based on the spacing in the ring, obtaining a first initial position of the wind turbine generator set on each of the concentric rings; The second initial position is randomly generated within the range represented by the range parameter.

[0011] In a technical solution of the above-mentioned ring layout method of a wind farm, when the super volume value does not meet the preset condition, the method further includes: Re-execute the steps of generating the inner ring spacing, center point coordinates, ring spacing, ring spacing starting point ratio, inner ring starting point ray angle, and second initial position to obtain updated inner ring spacing, updated center point coordinates, updated ring spacing, updated ring spacing starting point ratio, updated inner ring starting point ray angle, and updated second initial position; Based on the updated intra-ring spacing, the updated center point coordinates, the updated inter-ring spacing, the updated ratio of the starting point of the inter-ring spacing, and the updated intra-ring starting point ray angle, re-execute the step of obtaining the first initial position of the wind turbine generator set to obtain an updated first initial position; Based on the updated first initial position and the updated second initial position, re-execute the step of obtaining the total power generation of the wind farm to obtain the updated total power generation; Based on the updated first initial position and the updated second initial position, re-execute the step of obtaining the total cost of the cable to obtain an updated total cost; The super volume value of the updated total power generation and the updated total cost is recalculated.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present application provides a wind farm ring layout design system, the system comprising: An acquisition module, wherein the acquisition module is configured to acquire a range parameter of the wind farm, an environmental parameter of the wind farm, a body parameter of the wind turbine, and a cost parameter of the cable; A processing module, wherein the processing module is configured to obtain the annular arrangement structure of the wind turbine and the second initial position of the booster station based on a preset annular arrangement rule and the range parameter, wherein the position of the wind turbine is recorded as the first initial position; based on the environmental parameters, the fuselage parameters and the first initial position, using a preset first model, obtain the total power generation of the wind farm; based on the cost parameters, the first initial position and the second initial position, using a preset second model, obtain the total cost of the cable; An analysis module is configured to obtain a target topology of the power device based on the total generated power and the total cost by using a preset third model.

[0013] In a third aspect, a control device is provided, which includes a processor and a storage device, wherein the storage device is suitable for storing multiple program codes, and the program codes are suitable for being loaded and run by the processor to execute the wind farm ring layout design method described in any one of the technical solutions of the above-mentioned wind farm ring layout design method.

[0014] In a fourth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein a plurality of program codes are stored therein, wherein the program codes are suitable for being loaded and run by a processor to execute the wind farm ring layout design method described in any one of the technical solutions of the above-mentioned wind farm ring layout design method.

[0015] The above one or more technical solutions of the present application have at least one or more of the following beneficial effects: In the technical solution of the present application, based on the preset annular arrangement rule and range parameters, the first initial position of the wind turbine and the second initial position of the booster station are obtained; based on the environmental parameters, the fuselage parameters and the first initial position, the total power generation of the wind farm is obtained by using the preset first model; based on the cost parameters, the first initial position and the second initial position, the total cost of the cable is obtained by using the preset second model; based on the total power generation and the total cost, the target topology of the power device is obtained by using the preset third model. Through the present application, under the premise of the annular layout, the power generation and the cable cost are comprehensively balanced, so as to achieve high power generation at low cost.

[0016] Furthermore, in implementing the technical solution of this application, various wind conditions in the natural environment, such as wind speed, wind direction, and the probability of occurrence of each wind speed and each wind direction, are taken into account, and on this basis, the inflow wind speed of each wind turbine under each wind condition is obtained, thereby calculating the power generation of the wind turbine under each wind condition, and finally obtaining the total power generation of the wind farm under each wind condition. Through this application, it can be ensured that the obtained power generation of the wind turbine and the total power generation of the wind farm are more accurate.

[0017] Furthermore, in implementing the technical solution of the present application, when calculating the inflow velocity of a wind turbine, the wake influence of all upstream wind turbines is comprehensively considered, which can ensure that the inflow velocity of each wind turbine obtained is more accurate and in line with reality, providing an accurate data basis for the subsequent calculation of the power generation power of the wind turbine.

[0018] Furthermore, in the implementation of the technical solution of the present application, the total power generation and the total cost are comprehensively considered by calculating the super volume value of the total power generation and the total cost to achieve a balance. When the super volume value does not meet the preset conditions, the annular arrangement structure of the wind turbine, i.e., the first initial position and the second initial position of the booster station, is updated and optimized, and the total power generation and the total cable cost are recalculated based on the updated position. The total power generation will not cause a significant increase in the total cable cost while increasing the total power generation, or the total cable cost will not cause a decrease in the total power generation while reducing the total cable cost, thereby finding the optimal solution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The disclosure of the present application will become more easily understood with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that these drawings are only for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, similar numbers in the drawings are used to represent similar components, among which: Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the main steps of a method for designing a ring layout of a wind farm according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 This is a schematic flow chart of the main steps of obtaining the power generated by a wind farm according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 is a flow chart of main steps for obtaining the cable cost of a wind farm according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 It is a schematic flow chart of the main steps of obtaining the annular arrangement structure and the second initial position according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 is a flowchart diagram of the main steps of obtaining the target topology structure of the power device according to an implementation example of the present application; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a wind rose according to an implementation example of the present application; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a curve showing the relationship between the power coefficient of a wind turbine and the inflow velocity according to an implementation example of the present application; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a ring-shaped arrangement structure according to an implementation example of the present application; Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a target topology structure according to an implementation example of the present application; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the main structural block diagram of a wind farm design system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0020] List of reference numerals: 11: Acquisition module; 12: Processing module; 13: Analysis module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] Some embodiments of the present application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present application and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0022] In the description of the present application, "module" and "processor" may include hardware, software or a combination of the two. A module may include hardware circuits, various suitable sensors, communication ports, memory, and may also include software parts, such as program code, or a combination of software and hardware. The processor may be a central processing unit, a microprocessor, an image processor, a digital signal processor or any other suitable processor. The processor has data and / or signal processing functions. The processor may be implemented in software, hardware or a combination of the two. Non-temporary computer-readable storage media include any suitable medium that can store program code, such as a disk, a hard disk, an optical disk, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a random access memory, etc. The term "A and / or B" means all possible combinations of A and B, such as only A, only B or A and B. The term "at least one A or B" or "at least one of A and B" has a similar meaning to "A and / or B" and may include only A, only B or A and B. The singular terms "one" and "the" may also include plural forms.

[0023] Please see attached Figure 1 , Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the main steps of a method for designing a ring layout of a wind farm according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the wind farm ring layout design method of the present application mainly includes steps S1 to S5: Step S1, obtaining range parameters of the wind farm, environmental parameters of the wind farm, body parameters of the wind turbine, and cost parameters of the cable; Step S2, based on the preset annular arrangement rule and range parameters, obtaining the annular arrangement structure of the wind turbine generator set and the second initial position of the booster station, wherein the position of the wind turbine generator set is recorded as the first initial position; Step S3, based on the environmental parameters, the fuselage parameters and the first initial position, using a preset first model, obtaining the total power generation of the wind farm; Step S4, based on the cost parameter, the first initial position and the second initial position, using a preset second model, obtaining the total cost of the cable; Step S5: Based on the total generated power and the total cost, a target topology of the power device is obtained by using a preset third model.

[0024] In this embodiment, the range parameters of the wind farm may include but are not limited to the position coordinates of the vertex of the wind farm, the position coordinates of the boundary line of the wind farm, etc. The environmental parameters of the wind farm are parameter information directly related to the power generation power of the wind turbine, such as the wind speed and direction of the natural wind in the environment where the wind turbine is located, the density and temperature of the air, the terrain and landform, etc. The wind turbine's own parameters may include but are not limited to the rotor diameter, thrust coefficient, number and shape of blades, etc. The cost parameters of the cable may include but are not limited to the price per unit length, the additional redundancy required based on the safety factor, the subsequent maintenance cost, etc. The above definitions are described, and this embodiment is not specifically limited here.

[0025] In this embodiment, the wind farm should be arranged within a range determined in advance after investigation and analysis. Those skilled in the art can determine the range of the wind farm according to actual conditions, and this application does not limit it here. The second initial position of the booster station is generated randomly or according to a preset rule within the specified range, and the position of the wind turbine is generated randomly or uniformly and orderly in a ring arrangement.

[0026] In this embodiment, the preset first model is a model that can accurately analyze the power generation of each wind turbine and the total power generation of the wind farm composed of all wind turbines based on the input environmental parameters, the body parameters of the wind turbine and its own position. In addition, the function of the preset first model can also analyze other working conditions of each wind turbine, such as working temperature, loss degree, etc., which are not limited in this embodiment.

[0027] In this embodiment, the second model is preset as a model that can analyze and predict the interconnection relationship between each wind turbine and the interconnection relationship between the wind turbine and the booster station based on the location of the wind turbine and the location of the booster station. By adding relevant constraints, the rationality of the output prediction results can be guaranteed. It should be understood that the prediction results output by the model should satisfy that the electricity generated by all wind turbines can be directly or indirectly transmitted to the booster station. Based on the connection relationship between the power devices and the cost of the cable, the model can output the total cable cost corresponding to the connection relationship.

[0028] In this embodiment, the input of the preset third model is the total power generation and the total cost. Using this model, based on the preset optimization methods such as weighted summation, calculation of super volume value, setting of priority, Pareto optimality, etc., the two variables of total power generation and total cable cost are comprehensively balanced, so as to determine a topological structure with higher power generation and lower cable cost at the same time. Correspondingly, the first initial position corresponding to the higher power generation finally determined, the second initial position corresponding to the lower cable cost finally determined and their connection relationship can all be used as one of the data contained in the topological structure.

[0029] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 , Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the main steps of obtaining the power generated by a wind farm according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 As shown, step S3 of the wind farm design method of the present application may also include steps S31 to S34: Step S31, based on the environmental parameters, the fuselage parameters and the first initial position, obtaining the inflow wind speed of each wind turbine under various natural wind conditions; Step S32, based on the preset corresponding relationship and the inflow wind speed, obtaining the power generation of each wind turbine under various natural wind conditions; Step S33, calculating the product of each power generation and the probability of the natural wind condition corresponding to it; Step S34: sum up the values ​​of all products to obtain the total generated power of the wind farm.

[0030] In this embodiment, the natural wind upstream and downstream position relationship of the wind turbine can be determined according to the environmental parameters and the position of the wind turbine, and the inflow wind speed of each wind turbine can be calculated from upstream to downstream using the model. For example, at a certain natural wind speed, the inflow wind speed when the natural wind from all directions acts on the wind turbine at the most upstream position is calculated at the wind speed, and then the inflow wind speed of the remaining wind turbines is calculated in sequence based on the position relationship between the wind turbines using the model. The wind speed value of the natural wind speed is changed, and the aforementioned steps are repeated to obtain the probability distribution of the inflow wind speed of the wind turbine under the distribution probability corresponding to the natural wind condition.

[0031] In this embodiment, the preset corresponding relationship may be a pre-stored data table or data curve regarding the inflow wind speed and the wind turbine power.

[0032] In this embodiment, the product of the generated power and the probability of the corresponding natural wind condition is the weighted sum of the generated power under all natural wind conditions.

[0033] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 3 , Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the main steps of obtaining the cable cost of a wind farm according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 As shown, step S4 of the wind farm design method of the present application may also include steps S41 to S43: Step S41, obtaining a predicted connection relationship of the power device based on a preset generation rule, a first initial position and a second initial position; Step S42: obtaining a distance between two interconnected power devices based on the predicted connection relationship; Step S43: Based on the distance and cost parameters, the total cost of the cable is obtained, wherein the predicted connection relationship corresponds one-to-one to the total cost.

[0034] In this embodiment, the preset generation rules may be various constraint rules, which may include but are not limited to that only one cable is allowed between two connected power devices, all wind turbines can be directly or indirectly connected to the booster station, and there is only one transmission path between the wind turbine and the booster station. Under the premise of satisfying these constraint rules, several connection relationships can be generated. The specific constraint rules are not limited in this embodiment.

[0035] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 4 , Figure 4 1 is a schematic flow chart of the main steps of obtaining the annular arrangement structure and the second initial position according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 As shown, step S2 of the wind farm ring layout design method of the present application at least includes steps S21 to S8: Step S21: randomly generate an inner ring spacing between two adjacent wind turbines based on the rotor diameter, wherein the inner ring spacing is greater than the rotor diameter and less than a preset threshold, and the preset threshold is n times the rotor diameter, where n is a positive integer greater than 1; Step S22, based on the range parameters, randomly generate the center point coordinates, the ring spacing between multiple concentric rings, the ring spacing starting point ratio, and the ray angle of the starting point within the ring; Step S23, connecting the center point with any point on the boundary of the range, and determining the ring spacing starting point on the connecting line based on the ratio of the ring spacing starting point; Step S24: based on the ring spacing, determine the intersection points of the remaining concentric rings and the connecting line on the connecting line; Step S25, obtaining a plurality of concentric rings based on the ring spacing starting point and the intersection point; Step S26, taking the center point as the starting point and based on the ray angle of the starting point, obtaining the inner starting point of each concentric ring; Step S27, taking the starting point in the ring as the starting point and based on the spacing in the ring, obtaining the first initial position of the wind turbine generator set on each concentric ring; Step S28: randomly generate a second initial position within the range represented by the range parameter.

[0036] In this embodiment, the fuselage parameters include at least the rotor diameter of the wind turbine. The inner ring spacing is the distance between two adjacent wind turbines located on the same ring, and the distance between the two should be at least greater than the rotor diameter to ensure safe operation. The center point is the common center point of multiple rings. The ring spacing is the distance between two adjacent rings. The ring spacing starting point ratio is the ratio of the distance between the point on the innermost ring and the center point to the distance between the point on the wind farm range boundary and the center point. Based on the ring spacing starting point ratio, the intersection of the innermost ring and the connecting line of any known length of the center point and the wind farm range boundary can be determined, and then the intersection of the remaining rings and the connecting line is determined in turn based on the ring spacing; multiple points are selected on the wind farm range boundary and connected with the center point, and the above steps are repeated to obtain the approximate outline of each ring (the intersection of each ring and each connecting line). The ray angle of the starting point in the ring, where the starting point in the ring is the first point on the ring that is determined to be used to arrange the wind turbines, and the ray angle is the angle between the line connecting the point and the center point and the preset coordinate axis. Based on this, it should be understood that the application scenario of the wind farm ring layout design of this application should be in a pre-set fixed coordinate system. On each ring, the intersection of the ray and the ring is used as the starting point, and the wind turbines are evenly arranged at intervals within the ring.

[0037] In one embodiment, step S5 of the wind farm design method of the present application may further include steps S51 to S53: Step S51, calculating the excess volume value of the total power generation and the total cost; Step S52: when the super volume value meets the preset condition, determine that the total power generation is the maximum power generation and the total cost is the minimum total cost; Step S53: record the first initial position corresponding to the maximum power generation as the target first position, record the second initial position corresponding to the minimum total cost as the target second position, and record the predicted connection relationship corresponding to the minimum total cost as the target connection relationship.

[0038] In this embodiment, the hypervolume value is an important indicator for evaluating the quality and diversity of a set of non-dominated solutions (frontier solutions) in multi-objective optimization. When the hypervolume value meets the preset conditions, such as the growth rate is lower than the preset threshold, the optimization calculation can be stopped. The target topology structure includes the target first position, the target second position and the target connection relationship.

[0039] In one embodiment, if the hypervolume value does not meet the preset conditions, the steps of generating the intra-ring spacing, center point coordinates, ring spacing, ring spacing starting point ratio, intra-ring starting point ray angle, and second initial position are re-executed to obtain updated intra-ring spacing, updated center point coordinates, updated ring spacing, updated ring spacing starting point ratio, updated intra-ring starting point ray angle, and updated second initial position; based on the updated intra-ring spacing, updated center point coordinates, updated ring spacing, updated ring spacing starting point ratio, and updated intra-ring starting point ray angle, the step of obtaining the first initial position of the wind turbine is re-executed to obtain the updated first initial position; based on the updated first initial position and the updated second initial position, the step of obtaining the total power generation of the wind farm is re-executed to obtain the updated total power generation; based on the updated first initial position and the updated second initial position, the step of obtaining the total cost of the cable is re-executed to obtain the updated total cost; and the hypervolume value of the updated total power generation and the updated total cost is recalculated.

[0040] In this embodiment, if the hypervolume value does not meet the preset conditions, the center point is reselected, the intra-ring spacing, the ring spacing, the ring spacing starting point ratio, and the intra-ring starting point ray angle are reselected, so as to reconstruct a new set of ring structures and the first initial position of the wind turbine on the ring, thereby recalculating the hypervolume value.

[0041] Here is an implementation example. Please refer to the attached Figure 4 To Attachment Figure 7 In this implementation example, the planned size of the wind farm is 3000m*3000m, that is, the location of the wind turbine and the booster station should satisfy: Φ=(h1,⋯,hi,v1,⋯,vi),hi∈(0,3000),vi∈(0,3000). Using real wind resource data, the wind rose diagram is as follows: Figure 6 The thrust coefficient and power coefficient curve of wind turbine are as follows: Figure 7 The optimization objective of the NSGA-II algorithm is set as max(AEP Normalized )&min(CableCost total ), where AEP Normalized is the normalized power generation of the wind farm. CableCost total is the total cable cost. The wind farm design method of this application can be summarized as follows: Create shape variables: (1) Where: x0——the horizontal coordinate of the global center point; y0——the vertical coordinate of the global center point; r——Ratio of the starting point of the ring spacing (ratio of the distance to the global center point); θ——Ray angle of the starting point in the ring; a——ring spacing; b – spacing within the ring.

[0042] Based on the optimization variables, the regular points of wind farm layout can be uniquely determined: The position of the global center point C can be determined according to the coordinates (x0, y0); Based on the line L0 (length len(L0)) between the global center point and a boundary point, take out the ring spacing starting point (the distance from the global center point C is r×len(L0)), and reversely infer the boundary points of each ring on the line L0 according to the ring spacing a (the minimum spacing between each ring); use the determined boundary points of each ring on the line L0 to infer the distance between other boundary points and the line L of the global center point i The boundary points of each ring on the wind farm are taken out, that is, multiple embedded rings are taken out within the boundary range of the wind farm; a ray is emitted from the global center point (the angle with the x-axis square is θ), and the intersection point P of each embedded ring and the ray is calculated; on the boundary of each embedded ring, points are taken from P in the clockwise / counterclockwise direction at the same time (the distance between each point and the previous point is b), and multiple unit positions are taken out in turn. Similarly, the regularized points in other embedded rings can be obtained to form the coordinates of the available points arranged in a ring, that is, the position of the wind turbine (x i ,y i ) reg ,like Figure 8 As shown; Finally, the regularized wind farm layout (x1,…,x NT ,y1,…,y NT ) reg .

[0043] According to the wake model, the normalized wake velocity loss at (x, y, z) behind the 𝑖th typhoon unit is The expression is: (2) Where, D is the diameter of the wind wheel; C T is the thrust coefficient of the wind turbine; σ(x) is the standard deviation of the Gaussian wake profile; Z i is the height of the wind turbine hub center; y i is the spanwise coordinate of the hub center.

[0044] The wake velocity loss at the downstream location of the wind farm is caused by the wake loss of multiple wind turbines upstream. To calculate the total wake loss, solve the final velocity U at each location in the wind farm. w (x,y,z), using the local linear superposition method, is calculated as follows: (3) In the formula, is the inflow wind speed of the i-th wind turbine; U ∞ is the ambient flow velocity; U w (x, y, z) is the local wind speed at a certain position (x, y, z) downstream, which is the actual wind speed after considering the wake effect of multiple wind turbines; U ∞ The ambient inflow velocity is the natural wind speed not affected by the wind turbine. This value represents the inflow wind speed in front of the wind turbine. Wake velocity loss of the i-th wind turbine at position (x,y,z).

[0045] The wake of a wind turbine not only causes speed loss, but also increases turbulence. Since turbulence is an important basis for determining the wake expansion rate and the starting point of the far wake, a turbulence model needs to be introduced. The additional turbulence of the i-th wind turbine can be expressed as: (4) is the additional turbulence caused by the wake of the i-th wind turbine at position x; x / D is the relative distance between position x and the wind turbine, and its unit is the rotor diameter D; a is the empirical constant of turbulence, which is usually related to the specific conditions of the wind farm (such as wind turbine design, environmental conditions, etc.); I ∞ is the original turbulence in the environment, usually the natural turbulence in the wind farm without the influence of wind turbines. Similar to the wind speed in a wind farm, the turbulence at a certain point in a wind farm is also determined by multiple wind turbines. The actual additional turbulence at a certain point in a wind farm depends only on the maximum additional turbulence caused by the upstream turbines, that is: (5) The calculation formula of turbulence in wind farm is: (6) I u (x, y, z) is the total turbulence intensity at a point (x, y, z) in the wind farm; I ∞ is the original turbulence in the environment, i.e. the natural turbulence not affected by the fan; is the additional turbulence at position (x, y, z), which is the increase in turbulence intensity caused by the wake of the upstream wind turbine.

[0046] When the wind speed of the wind turbine inlet is u, the formula for calculating the unit output power is as follows: (7) Among them, u in and u outRepresent the cut-in wind speed and cut-out wind speed of the wind turbine respectively. P(u) is obtained by interpolating the power curve of the unit. After considering the probability distribution of wind direction θ and wind speed u, the total power generation of the wind farm P WF It can be calculated as follows: (8) Where M is the total number of wind directions, L is the total number of wind speeds, N is the number of wind farm units, and f is the probability of each wind condition. i (u l ,θ m ) is the i-th wind turbine at wind speed u l and wind direction θ m The power output under this condition can be calculated based on the power curve of the wind turbine and the actual wind conditions; f(u l ,θ m ) is the wind speed u l and wind direction θ m The probability distribution of wind speed and wind direction.

[0047] In order to better evaluate the power generation efficiency, a normalized parameter is introduced: (9) Where P Greedy In order to ignore the wake effect, the wind farm can achieve the maximum power generation, that is, it is assumed that each wind turbine in the wind farm works at the optimal wind speed and is not affected by the wake. Greedy is the theoretical maximum value; P WF is the total power generation after considering the wake effect of each wind turbine in the wind farm.

[0048] Binary variable x c (i,j) is defined as follows, where c represents the cable type: (10) Although there are c types of cables to choose from, each type of cable is mutually exclusive. Only one type of cable can be selected for the same path. The constraints are as follows: (11) The total cable cost includes the cable installation cost (CIC) and the energy loss cost (LEC) ： (12) The calculation formula for cable installation cost is: (13) Among them, C unit is the cable unit price, d(i,j) represents the Euclidean distance between points i and j, and sf is a given safety factor.

[0049] LEC represents the economic loss caused by cable failure, and is used to evaluate the reliability of the power collection system. It is related to the electricity price et(i), wind turbine output power P(i), and failure probability λ N (i), the maintenance time is related to r(i). The calculation formula is: (14) (15) The failure rate of each node is λ N (j) should be expressed as the initial failure rate λ of the node init (j) is the sum of the failure rates of the upstream branches connected to the node, where λ cable is the cable failure probability. When node j represents a wind turbine, the initial failure rate λ init (j) is set to λ WT When node j represents a power-on-chip (POC), this value is set to 0.

[0050] It should be noted that in Formula 14, λ N (i) x c (i, j) introduces nonlinear terms. In order to maintain the construction of the mixed linear integer model, the BigM method is used and the following constraints are added for linearization: (16) Introduce a new variable z(i,j)=A(i)·∑ c x c (i,j), where A is a new continuous variable with a lower bound of λ WT , the upper limit is M.

[0051] In order to meet the design requirements of the radial wind farm collection system, the cable path layout should meet the following constraints.

[0052] (17) (18) (19) (20) (twenty one) (twenty two) (twenty three) Formula 17 ensures that each node has only one cable for energy output. Formula 18 ensures that at least one cable is connected to the booster station. Formula 19 prevents the same section of cable from being connected to the same node end to end. Formula 20 prevents energy loops from occurring between any two nodes. Formula 21 prevents any two sections of cable from crossing, and the set x stores the crossed cable pairs {(i,j),(l,k)}. Formula 22 represents the power balance of each node, where f is a continuous non-negative variable. Formula 23 ensures that the power flow on each cable is lower than the cable capacity.

[0053] Based on the coastline, i.e. the high-voltage power grid, the site scope and the location of the booster station, the shortest distance of the feeder line can be determined. The intersection point Q of the vertical line from the booster station P to the coastline and the straight line of the site scope is the feeder point. The line segment from point P to point Q is the feeder cable in the wind farm to be considered.

[0054] For the basic constraints in the collector system topology model established above, the following new constraints are added: (twenty four) (25)

[0055] (26)

[0056] (27)

[0057] Formula (24) ensures that there is no energy output after the feed-in point. Formula (25) ensures that there is a route from the booster station to the feed-in point. Formula (26) ensures that there is no route from the unit to the feed-in point. Formula (27) ensures that cable type 4 is used from the booster station to the feed-in point.

[0058] An initial population is randomly generated, wherein the initial population contains multiple individuals, each of which is a set of circular regular shape variables, and a corresponding unique circular regular wind farm unit arrangement scheme can be generated based on a specific point selection program. Taking the target value of the maximization optimization target as the optimization target, starting from the initial population, new circular regular shape variables are generated to form an optimized population, and the wind farm unit arrangement scheme is optimized based on a genetic algorithm.

[0059] Crossover and mutation operations: New offspring are generated through crossover and mutation operations. Mutation uses polynomial mutation, and crossover uses simulated binary crossover.

[0060] Population update: merge the newly generated offspring with the original population to obtain an updated population.

[0061] Fitness function evaluation: Calculate the objective function value of each individual. In the joint optimization, the objective functions are a. power generation and b. cable cost.

[0062] The power generation is calculated based on the power generation model. If the distance between wind turbines in an individual is less than the safe distance, a penalty mechanism is introduced to set the power generation of the individual to 0.

[0063] The cable-related costs and cable layout are obtained by solving the MILP model. For a wind farm with N nodes, directly introducing the cable no-crossing constraint will increase N 4 The variable equation greatly increases the difficulty of solving. In order to solve quickly, the relaxed model without cross constraints is solved first. After obtaining the initial solution, determine whether the cable crosses and identify the cross position, add no cross constraints to the cross position, and form a new relaxed model. Repeat the iterative solution until a cable layout without cross is generated.

[0064] Non-dominated sorting and crowding distance calculation: By comparing the objective function values ​​between individuals, the individuals in the population are divided into different non-dominated levels and the crowding distance is calculated.

[0065] Selection of the new generation of individuals: Based on the non-dominated order and crowding distance, select individuals with high non-dominated levels. If adding all individuals of a certain non-dominated level will make the population size exceed the limit, select individuals with higher crowding until the required number of individuals is obtained.

[0066] Repeat iterative steps 2 to 6 until the convergence condition is met. The optimization stopping condition is defined as the growth rate of HV value is less than 0.0001 in 1000 consecutive generations. Where HV is defined as follows (28)

[0067] where δ represents the Lebesgue determination, and [f1(X),r1]×[f2(X),r2] represents the hypervolume composed of each point of the frontier solution and the reference point.

[0068] Through the above steps, the topological structure of the wind farm ring layout is obtained as follows: Fig. 9 .

[0069] So far, the wind farm ring layout design method of the present application has been fully described. It should be pointed out that although the various steps are described in a specific order in the above embodiment, those skilled in the art can understand that in order to achieve the effect of the present application, different steps do not have to be performed in such an order, and they can be performed simultaneously (in parallel) or in other orders, and these changes are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0070] Furthermore, the present application also provides a wind farm ring layout design system.

[0071] See attached Fig.10 , Fig.10 FIG. 1 is a main structural block diagram of a wind farm ring layout design system according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig.10 As shown, the wind farm annular layout design system in the embodiment of the present application mainly includes an acquisition module 11, a processing module 12 and an analysis module 13. In some embodiments, one or more of the acquisition module 11, the processing module 12 and the analysis module 13 can be combined into one module. In some embodiments, the acquisition module 11 can be configured to acquire the range parameters of the wind farm, the environmental parameters of the wind farm, the fuselage parameters of the wind turbine and the cost parameters of the cable. The processing module 12 can be configured to obtain the annular arrangement structure of the wind turbine and the second initial position of the booster station based on the preset annular arrangement rule and the range parameters, wherein the position of the wind turbine is recorded as the first initial position; based on the environmental parameters, the fuselage parameters and the first initial position, the total power generation of the wind farm is obtained by using a preset first model; based on the cost parameters, the first initial position and the second initial position, the total cost of the cable is obtained by using a preset second model. The analysis module 13 can be configured to obtain the target topology of the power device based on the total power generation and the total cost by using a preset third model. In one embodiment, the description of the specific implementation function of the acquisition module 11 can refer to the description of step S1. In one embodiment, the description of the specific functions implemented by the processing module 12 can be referred to in step S2 to step S4. In one embodiment, the description of the specific functions implemented by the analysis module 13 can be referred to in step S5.

[0072] The above wind farm ring layout design system is used to perform Figure 1 The wind farm ring layout design method embodiment shown in the figure has similar technical principles, technical problems solved and technical effects produced. Technicians in this technical field can clearly understand that for the convenience and conciseness of description, the specific working process and related instructions of the wind farm ring layout design system can refer to the contents described in the embodiment of the wind farm ring layout design method, which will not be repeated here.

[0073] It is understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes in the method for implementing the above-mentioned embodiment of the present application can also be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program can implement the steps of the above-mentioned various method embodiments when executed by the processor. Among them, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code can be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form. The computer-readable storage medium may include: any entity or device, medium, U disk, mobile hard disk, disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory, random access memory, electrical carrier signal, telecommunication signal and software distribution medium, etc. that can carry the computer program code.

[0074] Furthermore, the present application also provides a control device. In a control device embodiment according to the present application, the control device includes a processor and a storage device, the storage device can be configured to store a program for executing the wind farm ring layout design method of the above method embodiment, and the processor can be configured to execute the program in the storage device, which includes but is not limited to the program for executing the wind farm ring layout design method of the above method embodiment. For ease of explanation, only the parts related to the embodiment of the present application are shown. For specific technical details not disclosed, please refer to the method part of the embodiment of the present application. The control device can be a control device device formed by various electronic devices.

[0075] Furthermore, the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. In a computer-readable storage medium embodiment according to the present application, the computer-readable storage medium can be configured to store a program for executing the wind farm ring layout design method of the above-mentioned method embodiment, and the program can be loaded and run by the processor to implement the above-mentioned wind farm ring layout design method. For ease of explanation, only the parts related to the embodiment of the present application are shown. For specific technical details not disclosed, please refer to the method part of the embodiment of the present application. The computer-readable storage medium can be a storage device formed by various electronic devices. Optionally, the computer-readable storage medium in the embodiment of the present application is a non-temporary computer-readable storage medium.

[0076] Further, it should be understood that since the setting of each module is only for illustrating the functional units of the device of the present application, the physical devices corresponding to these modules may be the processor itself, or a part of the software in the processor, a part of the hardware, or a part of the combination of software and hardware. Therefore, the number of each module in the figure is only schematic.

[0077] It is understood by those skilled in the art that each module in the device can be adaptively split or merged. Such splitting or merging of specific modules will not cause the technical solution to deviate from the principle of the present application, and therefore, the technical solutions after splitting or merging will fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0078] So far, the technical solutions of the present application have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present application is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present application, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for designing a ring layout of a wind farm, characterized in that: The wind farm comprises at least an electric device and a cable, and electric power is transmitted between the electric devices through the cable, wherein the electric device comprises at least a wind turbine and a booster station, and the method comprises: Acquire range parameters of the wind farm, environmental parameters of the wind farm, fuselage parameters of the wind turbine generator set, and cost parameters of the cable; Based on the preset annular arrangement rule and the range parameter, the annular arrangement structure of the wind turbine generator set and the second initial position of the booster station are obtained, wherein the position of the wind turbine generator set is recorded as the first initial position; Based on the environmental parameters, the fuselage parameters and the first initial position, using a preset first model, obtaining the total power generation of the wind farm; Based on the cost parameter, the first initial position and the second initial position, using a preset second model, obtaining the total cost of the cable; Based on the total generated power and the total cost, a target topology of the power device is obtained by using a preset third model.

2. The method for designing a ring layout of a wind farm according to claim 1, characterized in that: The environmental parameters at least include natural wind speed, natural wind direction, and probability distribution of the natural wind speed and the natural wind direction. The total power generation of the wind farm is obtained based on the environmental parameters, the fuselage parameters, and the first initial position by using a preset first model, including: Based on the environmental parameters, the fuselage parameters and the first initial position, obtaining the inflow wind speed of each wind turbine set under various natural wind conditions, wherein the natural wind conditions include the natural wind speed and the natural wind direction; Based on the preset corresponding relationship and the inflow wind speed, the power generation power of each wind turbine set under each natural wind condition is obtained; Calculating the product of each of the generated powers and the probability of the corresponding natural wind condition; The values ​​of all the products are summed up to obtain the total generated power of the wind farm.

3. The method for designing a ring layout of a wind farm according to claim 2, characterized in that: The obtaining of the inflow wind speed of each wind turbine set under each natural wind condition based on the environmental parameters, the fuselage parameters and the first initial position includes: For any of the natural wind conditions, based on the environmental parameters, the fuselage parameters of all the wind turbines and all the first initial positions, the wake velocity loss at any position in the wind farm is obtained; For any of the wind turbine generator sets, based on the environmental parameters, the first initial position of the wind turbine generator set, and the wake velocity loss at the first initial position of the wind turbine generator set, an inflow wind velocity of the wind turbine generator set is obtained; All the wind turbines are traversed to obtain the inflow wind speed of each wind turbine.

4. The method for designing a ring layout of a wind farm according to claim 1, characterized in that: The obtaining of the total cost of the cable based on the cost parameter, the first initial position and the second initial position by using a preset second model comprises: Based on a preset generation rule, the first initial position, and the second initial position, a predicted connection relationship of the power device is obtained; Based on the predicted connection relationship, obtaining a distance between two of the interconnected power devices; Based on the distance and the cost parameter, a total cost of the cable is obtained, wherein the predicted connection relationship corresponds one-to-one to the total cost.

5. The method for designing a ring layout of a wind farm according to claim 4, characterized in that: The obtaining of the target topology of the power device based on the total generated power and the total cost by using a preset third model comprises: Calculating the excess volume value of the total power generation and the total cost; When the super volume value satisfies a preset condition, determining that the total power generation is the maximum power generation and the total cost is the minimum total cost; Recording the first initial position corresponding to the maximum generated power as a target first position, recording the second initial position corresponding to the minimum total cost as a target second position, and recording the predicted connection relationship corresponding to the minimum total cost as a target connection relationship; The target topology structure includes the target first position, the target second position and the target connection relationship.

6. The method for designing a ring layout of a wind farm according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fuselage parameters include at least the rotor diameter of the wind turbine set, and obtaining the annular arrangement structure of the wind turbine set and the second initial position of the booster station based on the preset annular arrangement rule and the range parameter includes: Based on the wind rotor diameter, randomly generate an inner ring spacing between two adjacent wind turbines, wherein the inner ring spacing is greater than the wind rotor diameter and less than a preset threshold, the preset threshold is n times the wind rotor diameter, and n is a positive integer greater than 1; Based on the range parameters, randomly generate the center point coordinates, the ring spacing between multiple concentric rings, the ring spacing starting point ratio, and the ray angle of the starting point within the ring; Connect the center point with any point on the boundary of the range, and determine the ring spacing starting point on the connecting line based on the ring spacing starting point ratio; Based on the ring spacing, determine the intersection points of the remaining concentric rings and the connecting line on the connecting line; Based on the ring spacing starting point and the intersection point, the plurality of concentric rings are obtained; Taking the center point as the starting point and based on the ray angle of the starting point, obtaining the inner starting point of each of the concentric rings; Taking the starting point in the ring as the starting point and based on the spacing in the ring, obtaining a first initial position of the wind turbine generator set on each of the concentric rings; The second initial position is randomly generated within the range represented by the range parameter.

7. The method for designing a ring layout of a wind farm according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the super volume value does not meet the preset condition, the method further includes: Re-execute the steps of generating the inner ring spacing, center point coordinates, ring spacing, ring spacing starting point ratio, inner ring starting point ray angle, and second initial position to obtain updated inner ring spacing, updated center point coordinates, updated ring spacing, updated ring spacing starting point ratio, updated inner ring starting point ray angle, and updated second initial position; Based on the updated intra-ring spacing, the updated center point coordinates, the updated inter-ring spacing, the updated ratio of the starting point of the inter-ring spacing, and the updated intra-ring starting point ray angle, re-execute the step of obtaining the first initial position of the wind turbine generator set to obtain an updated first initial position; Based on the updated first initial position and the updated second initial position, re-execute the step of obtaining the total power generation of the wind farm to obtain the updated total power generation; Based on the updated first initial position and the updated second initial position, re-execute the step of obtaining the total cost of the cable to obtain an updated total cost; The super volume value of the updated total power generation and the updated total cost is recalculated.

8. A wind farm ring layout design system, characterized in that: The system comprises: An acquisition module, wherein the acquisition module is configured to acquire a range parameter of the wind farm, an environmental parameter of the wind farm, a body parameter of the wind turbine, and a cost parameter of the cable; A processing module, wherein the processing module is configured to obtain the annular arrangement structure of the wind turbine and the second initial position of the booster station based on a preset annular arrangement rule and the range parameter, wherein the position of the wind turbine is recorded as the first initial position; based on the environmental parameters, the fuselage parameters and the first initial position, using a preset first model, obtain the total power generation of the wind farm; based on the cost parameters, the first initial position and the second initial position, using a preset second model, obtain the total cost of the cable; An analysis module is configured to obtain a target topology of the power device based on the total generated power and the total cost by using a preset third model.

9. A control device, comprising a processor and a storage device, wherein the storage device is suitable for storing a plurality of program codes, characterized in that: The program code is suitable for being loaded and run by the processor to execute the wind farm ring layout design method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a plurality of program codes, characterized in that: The program code is suitable for being loaded and run by a processor to execute the wind farm ring layout design method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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