Photovoltaic structure applied to sea surface and offshore floating type photovoltaic power station

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic structure applied to the sea surface and an offshore floating type photovoltaic power station. The photovoltaic structure applied to the sea surface can comprise a double-glass photovoltaic module and an isolation structure, and the isolation structure and a glass back plate of the double-glass photovoltaic module are of an integrated structure; the isolation structure comprises an ion blocking layer, a compact protection layer and an antibacterial layer which are stacked, and the ion blocking layer is formed on the back face of a glass backboard of the double-glass photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic structure can effectively prevent water vapor and salt mist from making contact with the glass back plate, can prevent marine microorganisms from growing and breeding on the glass back plate, and prevents the glass back plate from being damaged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a photovoltaic structure applied on the sea surface and an offshore floating photovoltaic power station. Background Art

[0002] The construction of photovoltaic power stations at sea can effectively solve the problems of shortage of land for power station construction and increasing demand for photovoltaic power generation. At present, the double-glass photovoltaic modules are mainly installed on floating bodies to make the photovoltaic modules float on the sea.

[0003] Since the glass back of the double-glass photovoltaic module is close to the water surface, in a humid environment, water vapor will gather on the surface of the glass back, and the working double-glass photovoltaic module will provide a high-temperature environment for the glass back and water vapor. In this high-temperature environment, the hydroxide ions decomposed by the water vapor will react with the sodium ions and calcium ions on the surface of the glass back to form NaOH and Ca(OH)2, which will dissolve in the undecomposed water vapor to form alkaline water droplets. In addition, the CO2 in the air of NaOH and Ca(OH)2 reacts to form carbonates, which have a strong water absorption capacity. The carbonates will further absorb water and decompose into alkaline water droplets. After the water in the alkaline water droplets evaporates, spots will form on the glass back. At the same time, the hydroxide ions and alkaline water droplets decomposed by water vapor at high temperature will destroy the Si-O-Si bonds on the surface of the glass back, resulting in glass alkali corrosion, which will form pits on the surface of the glass back, damage the surface of the glass back, and rapidly reduce the strength of the glass back, reducing the load performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0004] In addition, marine microorganisms such as bacteria, algae, and rotifers can attach to the glass backplane to grow and reproduce to form microbial communities. The presence of microbial communities causes the glass surface to be acidic, which further accelerates the occurrence of the above-mentioned glass alkali corrosion. At the same time, some elements / ligands produced by microorganisms will interact with the glass surface to cause microbial corrosion of the glass backplane, change the surface state of the glass backplane, and further reduce the performance of the glass backplane. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a photovoltaic structure and an offshore floating photovoltaic power station applied on the sea surface, which can effectively block the contact between water vapor and salt mist and the glass back panel, and can prevent marine microorganisms from growing and multiplying on the glass back panel, thereby avoiding damage to the glass back panel.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a photovoltaic structure applied on the sea surface, comprising: a double-glass photovoltaic module and an isolation structure, wherein:

[0008] The double-glass photovoltaic module comprises a glass cover plate, a glass back plate, an encapsulation layer and a solar cell array, wherein the encapsulation layer is used to encapsulate the solar cell array between the glass cover plate and the glass back plate;

[0009] The isolation structure and the glass back plate of the double-glass photovoltaic module are an integrated structure;

[0010] The isolation structure comprises: a stacked ion barrier layer, a dense protective layer and an antibacterial layer, wherein:

[0011] The ion barrier layer is formed on the back side of the glass back plate of the double-glass photovoltaic module.

[0012] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an offshore floating photovoltaic power station, comprising: a floating structure and a plurality of photovoltaic structures provided by the embodiment of the first aspect above, wherein:

[0013] Each of the photovoltaic structures is connected to the floating structure so that the photovoltaic structure floats on the sea surface, wherein the isolation structure of the photovoltaic structure faces the sea surface.

[0014] The technical solution of the first aspect of the above invention has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0015] The photovoltaic structure for offshore use provided by the embodiment of the present invention can isolate the glass back panel from seawater by combining the ion barrier layer, dense protective layer and antibacterial layer included in the isolation structure of the integrated structure of the glass back panel of the double-glass photovoltaic module, and can block the contact between water vapor and salt mist and the glass back panel, thereby avoiding the problem of glass alkali corrosion on the surface of the glass back panel, and further prevent marine microorganisms such as bacteria, algae and rotifers from growing and reproducing on the glass back panel through the antibacterial layer, thereby avoiding damage to the glass back panel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a photovoltaic structure applied on the sea surface according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of an offshore floating photovoltaic power station according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0019] 10-double-glass photovoltaic module; 11-glass back panel; 12-solar cell array; 13-encapsulation layer; 14-glass cover plate; 20-isolation structure; 21-ion barrier layer; 22-dense protective layer; 23-antibacterial layer; 30-floating structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] At present, the existing photovoltaic modules (consisting of cover plates, encapsulation layers, solar cell arrays and back plates) are mainly directly installed on brackets and floating bodies installed at sea. Although the photovoltaic modules do not directly contact the sea surface, due to the influence of seawater evaporation and seawater tides, there will be a lot of water vapor between the sea level and the photovoltaic modules. Especially in seasons with high temperatures, the water vapor content in the air between the sea level and the photovoltaic modules is higher. The water vapor is in contact with the back plate of the photovoltaic module for a long time. When the back plate is made of glass, the water vapor generated by the seawater will diffuse into the glass, hydrolyze and destroy the silicate of the glass, and then cause the sodium ions and calcium ions in the glass to migrate to the glass surface (towards the inner surface and outer surface of the glass). The sodium ions and calcium ions are on the inner surface of the glass. The sodium ions and calcium ions are in contact with the encapsulation layer, which is easy to cause the encapsulation layer to hydrolyze. The hydrolyzed encapsulation layer will cause the performance of the solar cell array to decrease. Furthermore, the sodium ions and calcium ions migrate to the surface of the solar cell array through the encapsulation layer, which will further reduce the performance of the solar cell array. The sodium ions and calcium ions react with carbon dioxide in the air to form NaCO3 and CaCO3 on the outer surface of the glass. In addition, some sodium ions and calcium ions form NaOH and Ca(OH)2 on the outer surface of the glass. The NaOH and Ca(OH)2 can also react with CO2 in the air to generate NaCO3, CaCO3, NaCO3 and CaCO3, which gather on the outer surface of the glass to form small droplets of alkali liquid, which then corrode the glass, causing the glass strength to drop rapidly, and seriously reducing the load-bearing performance and corrosion resistance of the glass back panel.

[0021] In addition, water vapor and a small amount of seawater that comes into contact with the backsheet of the photovoltaic module due to high tide will carry marine microorganisms. Marine microorganisms still have strong reproduction and growth capabilities in a humid environment. These marine microorganisms attached to the backsheet will multiply in large numbers on the backsheet. The large-scale reproduction of microorganisms causes the glass surface to be acidic, which further accelerates the occurrence of the above-mentioned glass alkali corrosion. At the same time, some elements / ligands produced by microorganisms will interact with the glass surface, causing local microbial corrosion of the glass backsheet. Whether it is the location of microbial corrosion or the location of glass alkali corrosion, it will become a stress concentration point. The mechanical properties of the stress concentration point will be reduced, resulting in a reduction in the strength of the backsheet. Over time, the glass backsheet will be damaged, causing the offshore floating photovoltaic power station to fail.

[0022] In order to solve the above problems existing in the application of existing photovoltaic modules on the sea surface, the embodiments of the present invention provide a novel photovoltaic structure applied on the sea surface and an offshore floating photovoltaic power station.

[0023] The one structure stacked on another structure involved in the embodiments of the present invention generally means that the one structure is formed after the other structure, and the one structure is located on the main surface of the other structure away from the silicon substrate. It is worth noting that the one structure stacked on the other structure does not specifically mean that the one structure is located above the other structure, and it can also be located below the other structure.

[0024] Regarding the formation of another structure on a structure involved in the embodiments of the present invention, the two structures may be in direct or indirect contact. That is, the other structure may be directly formed on the structure and directly contact the structure. In addition, the other structure may be first formed on the structure, and then the other structure may be formed on the other structure, that is, the structure is in indirect contact with the other structure.

[0025] Embodiments of the present invention Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic structure applied on the sea surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic structure applied on the sea surface provided by the embodiment of the present invention may include: a double-glass photovoltaic module 10 and an isolation structure 20, wherein:

[0027] The double-glass photovoltaic module 10 includes a glass cover 14, a glass back plate 11, an encapsulation layer 13 and a solar cell array 12, wherein the encapsulation layer 13 is used to encapsulate the solar cell array 12 between the glass cover plate 14 and the glass back plate 13;

[0028] The isolation structure 20 and the glass back plate 11 of the double-glass photovoltaic module 10 are an integrated structure;

[0029] The isolation structure 20 includes: a stacked ion barrier layer 21, a dense protection layer 22 and an antibacterial layer 23, wherein:

[0030] The ion barrier layer 21 is formed on the back side of the glass back plate 11 of the double-glass photovoltaic module 10 .

[0031] It can be understood that the photovoltaic structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention is composed of two main parts: a double-glass photovoltaic module 10 and an isolation structure 20, wherein the double-glass photovoltaic module 10 mainly functions to convert light energy into electrical energy, and the isolation structure 20 assists the double-glass photovoltaic module 10, and its main function is to prevent seawater or water vapor generated by seawater evaporation from corroding the glass back panel 11 of the double-glass photovoltaic module 10.

[0032] against Figure 1The photovoltaic structure provided for offshore use can isolate the glass back panel from seawater by combining the ion barrier layer, dense protective layer and antibacterial layer of the isolation structure of the integrated structure of the glass back panel of the double-glass photovoltaic module, and can block the contact between water vapor and salt mist and the glass back panel, thereby avoiding the problem of glass alkali corrosion on the surface of the glass back panel, and further prevent marine microorganisms such as bacteria, algae and rotifers from growing and reproducing on the glass back panel through the antibacterial layer, thereby avoiding damage to the glass back panel.

[0033] Specifically, the double-glass photovoltaic module 10 involved in the embodiment of the present invention generally refers to a cover plate and a back plate both made of glass, that is, a glass cover plate 14 and a glass back plate 11. More specifically, as Figure 1 As shown, the structure of the double-glass photovoltaic module 10 of the embodiment of the present invention may include: a glass back plate 11, a solar cell array 12, an encapsulation layer 13, and a glass cover plate 14, wherein the encapsulation layer 13 is used to encapsulate the solar cell array 12 between the glass back plate 11 and the glass cover plate 14. Furthermore, the glass cover plate 12 and the glass back plate 11 of the double-glass photovoltaic module 10 used in the embodiment of the present invention are both flexible glass. The double-glass photovoltaic module 10 can bend with the sea breeze or the impact of the sea tide to offset the impact of the sea breeze or sea water on the double-glass photovoltaic module 10, thereby improving the service life of the photovoltaic structure used on the sea surface.

[0034] The isolation structure 20 provided by the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0035] Specifically, with respect to the ion barrier layer 21, the ion barrier layer 21 may be a single layer or a laminated film layer formed of any one or more of the following materials:

[0036] Nitrides, oxides and oxynitrides.

[0037] The nitride, oxide and nitrogen oxide are commonly used materials in the production of solar cells, and their cost is relatively low. The ion barrier layer 21 formed by the above materials can reduce the contact between water vapor and the glass backplane 11 and prevent sodium ions and calcium ions from precipitating onto the surface of the glass backplane 11, and can effectively control the cost of the photovoltaic structure.

[0038] Preferably, the material forming the ion barrier layer 21 is SiN x 、TiN x , any one or more of SiO2, Al2O3, TiO2, MgO, BiO2 and SiON.

[0039] Furthermore, the density of the ion barrier layer 21 is greater than or equal to 90%. For example, the density of the ion barrier layer 21 is 90%, 92%, 95%, 98%, etc. It is worth noting that the density of the ion barrier layer 21 generally refers to the average value of the density of each region of the formed ion barrier layer 21. The purpose of regulating the density of the ion barrier layer 21 can be achieved by adjusting the preparation parameters such as the amount of material, power, deposition duty cycle, spin coating rate, etc. during the preparation of the ion barrier layer 21.

[0040] By controlling the density of the ion barrier layer 21 to Within the range of 90%, sodium ions and calcium ions can be effectively prevented from precipitating onto the surface of the glass back plate 11 and the contact between water vapor and the glass back plate 11 can be reduced.

[0041] Further, the thickness of the ion barrier layer 21 may be 10 nm to 100 nm, for example, the thickness of the ion barrier layer 21 may be 10 nm, 20 nm, 30 nm, 40 nm, 50 nm, 60 nm, 70 nm, 80 nm, 90 nm, 100 nm, etc. Preferably, the thickness of the ion barrier layer 21 is 10 nm to 50 nm. For example, the thickness of the ion barrier layer 21 may be 10 nm, 15 nm, 20 nm, 25 nm, 30 nm, 33 nm, 35 nm, 38 nm, 40 nm, 42 nm, 45 nm, 50 nm, etc. By combining the thickness of the ion barrier layer 21 with the density of the ion barrier layer 21, sodium ions and calcium ions can be further prevented from precipitating onto the glass back panel surface 11 and water vapor can be reduced from contacting the glass back panel 11.

[0042] The ion barrier layer 21 is obtained by any of the following treatment methods: magnetron sputtering deposition, vacuum evaporation, chemical vapor deposition, roller coating or spraying. The magnetron sputtering deposition, vacuum evaporation, chemical vapor deposition, roller coating or spraying method is a commonly used processing procedure in the production process of photovoltaic modules. The ion barrier layer 21 can be directly produced by the existing solar cell production line without adding equipment to the photovoltaic module production line, so as to further control the production cost of the photovoltaic structure applied to the sea surface.

[0043] In order to further improve the ability of the isolation structure 20 to isolate water vapor and the comprehensive performance of the film layer, a dense protective layer 22 is also provided. The dense protective layer 22 cooperates with the ion barrier layer 21. The dense protective layer 22 is generally a single layer or a laminated film layer formed by nitride and / or oxide. ZrO2 and / or SiN xPrepare a dense protective layer 22. The nitride and / or oxide are also commonly used materials for producing solar cells, and their cost is relatively low. The dense protective layer 22 and ion barrier layer 21 formed by the above materials can completely isolate water vapor from contacting the glass back plate 11, and can effectively control the cost of the photovoltaic structure.

[0044] The density of the dense protective layer 22 is less than that of the ion barrier layer 21, and the density of the dense protective layer 22 is controlled within For example, the density of the dense protective layer 22 can be 80%, 82%, 85%, 89%, etc. The density of the dense protective layer 22 is generally achieved by adjusting preparation parameters such as material dosage, power, deposition duty cycle, spin coating rate, etc.

[0045] The thickness of the dense protective layer 22 is generally 10 nm to 100 nm. For example, the thickness of the dense protective layer 22 can be 10 nm, 20 nm, 30 nm, 40 nm, 50 nm, 60 nm, 70 nm, 80 nm, 90 nm, 100 nm, etc. Preferably, the thickness of the dense protective layer 22 is 10 nm to 50 nm. For example, the thickness of the dense protective layer 22 can be 10 nm, 20 nm, 30 nm, 40 nm, 50 nm, etc.

[0046] More specifically, the dense protective layer 22 can also be obtained by any of the following processing methods: magnetron sputtering deposition, vacuum evaporation, chemical vapor deposition, roller coating or spraying. As mentioned above, the magnetron sputtering deposition, vacuum evaporation, chemical vapor deposition, roller coating or spraying method is a commonly used processing procedure in the production process of photovoltaic modules. Therefore, the dense protective layer 22 can be directly produced by the existing solar cell production line without adding equipment to the photovoltaic module production line, so as to further control the production cost of the photovoltaic structure applied to the sea surface.

[0047] The relationship between the density and thickness of the dense protective layer 22 and the density and thickness of the ion barrier layer 21 is:

[0048]

[0049] in, represents the thickness of the ion barrier layer 21; represents the thickness of the dense protective layer 22; represents the density of the ion barrier layer 21; It indicates the density of the dense protective layer 22.

[0050] Among them, the density of the ion barrier layer 21 generally refers to the density of multiple cross-sections of the ion barrier layer 21 parallel to the main surface, and the average density of the ion barrier layer 21 is calculated based on the density of the multiple cross-sections collected; the density of the dense protective layer 22 generally refers to the density of multiple cross-sections of the dense protective layer 22 parallel to the main surface, and the average density of the dense protective layer 22 is calculated based on the density of the multiple cross-sections collected.

[0051] Furthermore, the antibacterial layer 23 is generally a single layer or a laminated film layer formed by any one or more of the following materials: TiO2, ZnO, WO3, SnO2 and MoO3. More preferably, the antibacterial layer 23 is formed by TiO2 or MoO3. After being irradiated with light, the TiO2, ZnO, WO3, SnO2 or MoO3 will undergo a photocatalytic reaction in contact with water vapor, generating free hydroxyl radicals and active oxygen with strong oxidizing ability. The free hydroxyl radicals and active oxygen have strong photooxidation-reduction properties, can oxidize and decompose various organic compounds and some inorganic substances, can destroy bacterial cell membranes and viral proteins, thereby killing bacteria, and can inhibit or even avoid the reproduction of marine organisms adsorbed on the glass backplane, so as to ensure the cleanliness of the glass backplane and the photoelectric conversion performance of the photovoltaic structure.

[0052] The antibacterial layer 23 can also be obtained by any of the following treatment methods: magnetron sputtering deposition, vacuum evaporation, chemical vapor deposition, roller coating or spraying. That is, the antibacterial layer 23 can also be directly produced by the existing solar cell production line without adding equipment to the photovoltaic module production line, so as to further control the production cost of the photovoltaic structure applied to the sea surface.

[0053] The thickness of the antibacterial layer 23 is generally 1 nm to 50 nm. For example, the thickness of the antibacterial layer 23 can be 1 nm, 2 nm, 5 nm, 10 nm, 15 nm, 20 nm, 30 nm, 40 nm, 50 nm, etc.

[0054] It is worth noting that the above-mentioned stacked ion barrier layer 21, dense protective layer 22 and antibacterial layer 23 are generally transparent structures, so that the light reaching the sea surface can pass through the antibacterial layer 23, the dense protective layer 22, the ion barrier layer 21 and the glass back panel 11 to reach the battery cells in the solar cell array 12, thereby ensuring the light utilization rate.

[0055] In addition, the isolation structure 20 provided in the embodiment of the present invention is generally formed after the double-glass photovoltaic module 10 is laminated. By forming the isolation structure 20 after the double-glass photovoltaic module 10 is laminated, the production process of the double-glass photovoltaic module 10 itself and the selected raw materials (such as glass backplane, etc.) do not need to be changed, which helps to control the production cost of the double-glass photovoltaic module 10 with the isolation structure 20. Moreover, the isolation structure is formed after the double-glass photovoltaic module 10 is formed, which can play a certain sealing role on the side of the double-glass photovoltaic module 10, and can further enhance the ability of the double-glass photovoltaic module 10 to resist water vapor erosion.

[0056] That is to say, the isolation structure 20 is formed on the basis of the double-glass photovoltaic module 10. By forming the isolation structure 20 on the basis of the double-glass photovoltaic module 10, the existing solar cell production line can be directly adopted. By adjusting the process parameters on the existing solar cell production line, the existing photovoltaic modules are processed to obtain the photovoltaic structure provided by the present invention, without the need to specially produce a glass cover plate with the isolation structure 20 for the photovoltaic structure, thereby effectively controlling costs.

[0057] Furthermore, compared with existing photovoltaic modules, the photovoltaic structure applied on the sea surface provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be closer to the sea surface to shorten the path of the light reflected from the sea surface and better utilize the light reflected from the sea surface.

[0058] Furthermore, an embodiment of the present invention provides an offshore floating photovoltaic power station. Figure 2 As shown, the offshore floating photovoltaic power station may include: a floating structure 30 and a plurality of photovoltaic structures provided by the above embodiments, wherein:

[0059] Each photovoltaic structure is connected to the floating structure 10 so that the photovoltaic structure floats on the sea surface, wherein the isolation structure 20 of the photovoltaic structure faces the sea surface.

[0060] By placing the isolation structure 20 close to the sea surface, the ion barrier layer 21 can prevent the precipitation of glass sodium and calcium ions in the marine environment, and the dense protective layer 22 can improve the comprehensive performance of the film layer and further improve the density of the film layer; the antibacterial layer 23 can inhibit the reproduction of marine microorganisms attached to the glass back plate, and even kill the microorganisms. In addition, under the combined action of the stacked ion barrier layer 21, the dense protective layer 22 and the antibacterial layer 23, the mechanical strength of the photovoltaic structure of the offshore floating photovoltaic power station and the load resistance performance of the photovoltaic structure are ensured.

[0061] The photovoltaic structure applied on the sea surface provided by the embodiments of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to several embodiments.

[0062] Embodiment 1:

[0063] The ion barrier layer 21 (AlO) with a thickness of 30 nm is sequentially stacked on the glass backplane of the photovoltaic module by magnetron sputtering deposition. x ), a dense protective layer 22 (SiN x The glass back panel is made of tempered, high temperature resistant ultra-clear embossed glass with a thickness of 1.6 mm. Among them, the AlO layer of the ion barrier layer 21 is x It can form H···O bonds with the unsaturated H on the surface of the glass matrix to form a dense structure, and non-polar H2O, O2 and other molecules are not easy to react with polar AlO x The AlO x The film structure is dense and can prevent the precipitation of metal ions in the glass backplane. In the water vapor environment at sea, metal ions cannot reach the glass surface, and no "alkali solution" erosion occurs, ensuring the strength of the photovoltaic backplane glass. The dense protective layer 22 SiN x The layer has high mechanical strength and good oxidation resistance, which can improve the overall performance of the film layer, and SiN x The layer structure is also dense, which can further improve the density of the film layer on the glass surface and further enhance the ion barrier performance of the glass surface. The TiO2 layer of the antibacterial layer 23 has a photocatalytic function. Under ultraviolet rays, it can generate strong oxidizing groups. The oxidizing groups can achieve the purpose of inhibiting the adsorption, reproduction and growth of microorganisms and even killing microorganisms by making marine bacteria inactive, bacterial protein denaturation, organic matter degradation and mineralization, etc. In addition, the photocatalytic properties of the TiO2 layer make it super-hydrophilic. This super-hydrophilicity can make very small water droplets on the glass backplane gather into large water droplets, which fall off under the action of gravity, thereby removing stains on the surface of the backplane glass, making the backplane glass easy to clean.

[0064] Embodiment 2:

[0065] The difference from Example 1 is that the ion barrier layer 21 is a SiO2 film layer with a thickness of 20 nm. The SiO2 film layer has a uniform and dense structure and can prevent the precipitation of Na and Ca ions in the backplane glass. When the backplane glass is intruded by water vapor from the sea, Na and Ca ions cannot reach the glass surface, and no "alkaline solution" corrosion occurs, thus ensuring the strength of the photovoltaic backplane glass.

[0066] The dense protective layer 22 is a ZrO2 layer with a thickness of 30 nm. The ZrO2 layer has stable wear resistance, acid and alkali resistance, and oxidation resistance. As a protective layer, it can improve the overall stability of the film layer.

[0067] The antibacterial layer 23 is a MoO3 layer with a thickness of 10nm. As a direct bandgap semiconductor material, MoO3 has a good visible light response. Under the action of visible light, the strongly oxidizing radicals generated by the photocatalytic reaction, once in contact with bacteria, will destroy the bacterial cell membrane and cell wall in a very short time, causing the leakage of bacterial cell substances and inactivating the bacteria. At the same time, these strongly oxidizing radicals can also enter the bacterial cells, react with the bacterial cell substances, effectively oxidize and decompose the intracellular toxins and substances, and completely kill the microorganisms and bacteria in a relatively short time.

[0068] The introduction provided in the above steps is only used to help understand the method, structure and core idea of ​​the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also belong to the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic structure applied on the sea surface, characterized in that: include: A double-glass photovoltaic module (10) and an isolation structure (20), wherein: The double-glass photovoltaic module (10) comprises a glass cover plate (14), a glass back plate (11), a packaging layer (13) and a solar cell array (12); the packaging layer (13) is used to package the solar cell array (12) between the glass cover plate (14) and the glass back plate (11); The isolation structure (20) and the glass back plate (11) of the double-glass photovoltaic module (10) are an integrated structure; The isolation structure (20) comprises: a stacked ion barrier layer (21), a dense protective layer (22) and an antibacterial layer (23), wherein: The ion barrier layer (21) is formed on the back side of the glass back plate (11) of the double-glass photovoltaic module (10).

2. The photovoltaic structure applied on the sea surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ion barrier layer (21) is: a single layer or a laminated film layer formed by any one or more of the following materials; Nitrides, oxides and oxynitrides; Preferably, the material forming the ion barrier layer (21) is SiN x 、TiN x , any one or more of SiO2, Al2O3, TiO2, MgO, BiO2 and SiON.

3. The photovoltaic structure applied on the sea surface according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The density of the ion barrier layer (21) is greater than or equal to 90%.

4. The photovoltaic structure applied on the sea surface according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The dense protective layer (22) is: a single layer or a stacked layer formed of nitride and / or oxide; The density of the dense protective layer (22) is less than the density of the ion barrier layer (21); and / or, The density of the dense protective layer (22) is greater than or equal to 80%.

5. The photovoltaic structure applied on the sea surface according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The thickness of the ion barrier layer (21) is 10 nm to 100 nm. Preferably, the thickness of the ion barrier layer (21) is 10 nm to 50 nm. and / or, The thickness of the dense protective layer (22) is 10 nm to 100 nm. Preferably, the thickness of the dense protective layer (22) is 10 nm to 50 nm.

6. The photovoltaic structure applied on the sea surface according to claim 4, characterized in that: The relationship between the density and thickness of the dense protective layer (22) and the density and thickness of the ion barrier layer (21): in, represents the thickness of the ion barrier layer 21; represents the thickness of the dense protective layer 22; represents the density of the ion barrier layer 21; It indicates the density of the dense protective layer 22.

7. The photovoltaic structure applied on the sea surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antibacterial layer (23) is: a single-layer or laminated film layer formed by any one or more of the following materials; TiO2, ZnO, WO3, SnO2 and MoO3; and / or, The antibacterial layer (23) has a thickness of 1 nm to 50 nm.

8. The photovoltaic structure applied on the sea surface according to any one of claims 1, 2, 6 and 7, characterized in that: The ion barrier layer (21) is obtained by any of the following processing methods: Magnetron sputtering deposition, vacuum evaporation, chemical vapor deposition, roller coating or spraying method; and / or, The dense protective layer (22) is obtained by any of the following processing methods: Magnetron sputtering deposition, vacuum evaporation, chemical vapor deposition, roller coating or spraying method; and / or, The antibacterial layer (23) is obtained by any of the following treatment methods: Magnetron sputtering deposition, vacuum evaporation, chemical vapor deposition, roller coating or spraying method.

9. The photovoltaic structure applied on the sea surface according to any one of claims 1, 2, 6 and 7, characterized in that: After the double-glass photovoltaic module (10) is laminated, forming the isolation structure (20); and / or, The glass cover plate (12) and the glass back plate (11) of the double-glass photovoltaic module (10) are both flexible glass.

10. An offshore floating photovoltaic power station, characterized in that: include: A floating structure (30) and a plurality of photovoltaic structures as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: Each of the photovoltaic structures is connected to the floating structure (10) so that the photovoltaic structure floats on the sea surface, wherein the isolation structure (20) of the photovoltaic structure faces the sea surface.

Images