Ginger plant extract and composition and pest control application thereof

Abstract

According to the application, the excellent insect-resistant activity of the zingiberaceae plant extract on pests such as agricultural mites and thrips and the compounding synergistic and co-extraction synergistic relationship among different species of ginger extracts are found for the first time, the application range of the ginger extract is expanded, and a new choice is also provided for controlling the mites and the thrips in agriculture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application mainly relates to the role of Zingiberaceae plants in pest control, and an insecticidal composition of Zingiberaceae plant extracts, including the fields of natural plant chemistry and pest control. Background Art

[0002] Pest control is a worldwide problem, and humanity has experienced the emergence and widespread use of hundreds of chemically developed repellents, growth regulators and insecticides, including pyrethroids, DEET and other aromatic amides, organophosphates and carbamates. The effectiveness of these products is often limited by factors including human or environmental toxicity, insect resistance (particularly to pyrethroids, see e.g. Romero et al.), limited dry residue activity, repellancy and physical factors (smell, coloration) that make them unsuitable for indoor use. However, in recent years, the demand for natural, effective pest control products has been extremely strong.

[0003] Mites are important pests in agricultural production, harming cotton, grain, fruit trees, forests and ornamental plants. Cotton spider mites (cotton red spider) are one of the top ten pests in China. Two-spotted spider mites can pierce 18 to 22 plant cells per minute. Apple panonychus and hawthorn spider mites are important pests of fruit trees in northern China. When they are seriously damaged, the fruit yield can be reduced by 1 / 3-2 / 3. Wheat rock mites are found throughout the wheat-producing areas of the country. When they are seriously damaged, wheat grains can be lost. There are many types of cotton spider mites that harm cotton fields, which can cause a yield reduction of more than 30%, and even cause cotton plants to completely wither. Species of the subfamily of moss mites harm grasses and low plants. Among them, alfalfa moss mites are a species distributed worldwide. In northern China, they often harm wheat crops at the same time as wheat rock mites. Fruit moss mites are distributed in the Americas, Europe, Asia, South Africa and Oceania, and are important pests of fruit trees. There are 3 to 5 generations a year in northern China and 8 to 10 generations in the south. The subfamily of moss mites harms all higher plants. The more common ones are Tetranychus, Panonychus, Eotetranychus, Microonychus and Fissonychus. Among them, Panonychus citri (citrus red spider) is widely distributed in citrus producing areas around the world. It is an important pest mite for citrus production. It can harm citrus seedlings and mature trees. The leaves will show grayish white spots after being damaged. Microonychus cypressii damages cypress trees and is distributed in China and Japan. In drought years, cypress trees are severely damaged, the crowns turn yellow, and the needles fall off. Fissonychus rice is distributed in southwest China and Thailand. It is a serious damage to rice. It sucks on the leaves and makes the whole leaves lose their green color, showing gray-green to gray-white. The affected rice plants have short ears and small grains, and the yield is generally reduced by about 10%, and in severe cases it can reach more than 30%.

[0004] Thrips is a general term for insects of the order Thysanoptera. They are tiny and often hide in flowers and young leaves to cause harm. Thrips have strong reproductive capacity, serious overlapping of generations, and high frequency of outbreaks. Global trade and climate warming have accelerated the spread and harm of thrips pests. Thrips pests have gradually become one of the most important agricultural pest groups in the world. Thrips harm a variety of plants in agriculture, forestry, and horticulture, and are most serious in tropical and subtropical regions. The transportation of agricultural products from different regions has exacerbated the rapid spread and spread of thrips. Western flower thrips and palm thrips are widely spread around the world. In addition, other common global or regionally important thrips pest species include tobacco thrips (Thrips tabaci Lindeman), yellow-breasted thrips [Thripshawaiiensis (Morgan)], flower thrips [Frankliniella intonsa (Trybom)], two-spined flower thrips [Frankliniella bispinosa (Morgan)], and tea-yellow hard thrips (Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood).

[0005] Ginger is a perennial herb known for its unique spicy flavor and wide range of medicinal values. Originating in Southeast Asia, ginger is now widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions around the world and has become one of the important economic crops. There are many varieties of ginger, including the most common ginger (Zingiber officinale), yellow ginger (Curcuma longa), sand ginger (Kaempferia galanga), galangal (Alpinia galanga), big flower ginger (Hedychium coronarium), mountain ginger (Alpinia zerumbet) and other species.

[0006] In agriculture, the application of ginger is not limited to the cultivation as a condiment and medicinal material. Its extracts have shown a variety of potential uses in modern agriculture. Zingiberaceae plant extracts are rich in active ingredients, such as gingerol, zingerone and gingerol, which have multiple biological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral and anti-insect. Among them, the anti-insect activity is mainly concentrated on parasites, Coleoptera such as medicinal beetles, Hemiptera such as whiteflies, Lepidoptera such as Spodoptera litura, Diptera such as Drosophila melanogaster, Hymenoptera such as alfalfa leafcutter bees, etc., but there are no reports of effects on pests such as mites and thrips. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to provide a natural insecticide that has a good control effect on pests such as mites and thrips, this application intends to study ginger plants, hoping to discover new opportunities for controlling pests such as mites and thrips.

[0008] This application first discovered that ginger plant extracts have excellent anti-insect activity against mites and thrips of the order Thysanoptera. At the same time, the compound synergistic relationship between ginger plant extracts of different species has expanded the application scope of ginger plant extracts and also provided a new option for controlling mites and thrips in agriculture.

[0009] Furthermore, in some specific embodiments, it was found that the present application used different solvents and methods to extract various ginger plants and then conducted activity tests. The results showed that the ginger plant extracts can significantly control targets such as cinnabarinus spider mite, citrus mites, two-spotted spider mites, and thrips, including contact toxicity and repellent toxicity indicators to nymphs, adults, and eggs.

[0010] Specifically, the present application provides the use of extracts from Zingiberaceae plants in killing and / or controlling pests, and / or repelling pests, and / or preventing or reducing pest egg laying, and / or preventing or reducing the hatching of pest eggs; the Zingiberaceae plants are selected from one or a combination of two or more of ginger, including ginger, galangal, zingiber officinale, and Alpinia galanga; the extracts are selected from one or a combination of two or more of volatile oils, water extracts, ethanol extracts, ethyl acetate extracts, and methanol extracts; the extracts can be obtained by extracting one Zingiberaceae plant alone or extracting two or more Zingiberaceae plants together; the pests are selected from insects of the Thripidae family, and / or Tetranychus family, and / or Tenebriophyidae, and / or Gall Mite family, and / or Tarsonema family, and / or Pygemycin family, and / or Leaf Claw family, and / or Carnivorous Mite family, and / or Sarcoptes family, and / or Psoralea family, and / or Psoralea family, and / or Psoralea family, and / or Dust Mite family.

[0011] When extracting, various parts of the ginger plant can be used, including but not limited to rhizomes, above-ground parts, etc.

[0012] Further, the ginger plant extract is selected from one of ginger rhizome extract and galangal rhizome extract, or is selected from a composition in which the ratio of ginger rhizome extract to galangal rhizome extract is 1-9:9-1, for example, the ratio of ginger rhizome extract to galangal rhizome extract is 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 2:1, 2:3, 2:5, 2:7, 2:9, 3:1, 3:2, 3:4, 3:5, 3:7, 3:8, 4:1, 4:3, 4:5, 4:7, 4:9, 5:1, 5:2, 5:3, 5:4, 5:6, 5:7, 5:8, 5:9, 6:1, 6:5, 6:7, 7:1, 7:2, 7:3, 7:4, 7:5, 7:6, 7:8, 7:9, 8:1, 8:3, 8:5, 8:7, 8:9, 9:1, 9:2, 9:4, 9:5, 9:7, 9:8 and so on.

[0013] Furthermore, the ratio of ginger rhizome extract to galangal rhizome extract is 7-9:3-1, for example, the ratio of ginger rhizome extract to galangal rhizome extract is 7:3, 7:2, 7:1, 8:3, 8:2, 8:1, 9:3, 9:2, 9:1 and the like.

[0014] Furthermore, the ginger rhizome extract is obtained by extracting ginger rhizomes with ethanol: ethyl acetate = 1 to 4: 1; the galangal rhizome extract is volatile oil from galangal rhizomes. Studies have shown that when the extracts are selected from the above situations, the pest control effect is better. Furthermore, when the ratio of the ginger rhizome extract and the galangal rhizome extract of the present application is 7:3, a synergistic effect can be exerted, and the pest control effect is significantly improved.

[0015] The extraction methods such as water extract, ethanol extract, ethyl acetate extract, etc. in this application can adopt conventional plant extraction methods, such as heating extraction, percolation extraction, ultrasonic extraction, microwave extraction, immersion extraction, supercritical extraction, etc.

[0016] The "ethanol" mentioned in this application is selected from ethanol with a concentration of more than 95%, including but not limited to 95% ethanol, anhydrous ethanol, etc.

[0017] In some specific embodiments of the present application, a mixed solvent of ethanol and ethyl acetate is preferably used for extraction. Studies have found that the pest control effect of the mixed solvent extract is better than that of a single solvent. The mixed solvent can be selected from ethanol: ethyl acetate = 1 to 4:1.

[0018] In a specific embodiment of the present application, the ginger extract is extracted using ethanol:ethyl acetate = 4:1, and the preventive and therapeutic effect of the ginger extract is significantly better than that of using ethanol extract or ethyl acetate extract alone.

[0019] The "extract can be obtained by extracting two or more Zingiberaceae plants together" mentioned in the present application means that two or more Zingiberaceae plants are extracted in the same container and solvent at the same time. For example, ginger and galangal are put into a container at the same time for extraction.

[0020] After extraction, other conventional preparation steps are also included, such as filtration, concentration, centrifugation, drying, evaporation, etc. For the convenience of storage, transportation and use, other solvent extracts except volatile oils can be dried by removing the solvent after extraction. The method of removing the solvent includes but is not limited to normal pressure evaporation, reduced pressure evaporation, thin film evaporation, natural volatilization, etc.

[0021] In order to extract the bioactive components in the ginger plants as much as possible, the ginger plant raw materials can be crushed.

[0022] In some specific embodiments of the present application, during extraction, the ratio of the added solvent to the ginger plant raw material is the "liquid-to-solid ratio", which is generally selected from 4 to 60:1 (mL / g, L / Kg, etc.), for example, it can be 4:1, 5:1, 6:1, 7:1, 8:1, 9:1, 10:1, 12:1, 13:1, 14:1, 15:1, 16:1, 17:1, 18:1, 19:1, 20:1, 21:1, 22:1 :1, 23:1, 24:1, 25:1, 26:1, 27:1, 28:1, 29:1, 30:1, 31:1, 32:1, 33:1, 34:1, 35:1, 36:1, 37:1, 38:1, 39:1, 40:1, 42:1, 43:1, 44:1, 45:1, 46:1, 47:1, 48:1, 49:1, 50:1, 55:1, 60:1 and so on.

[0023] The "solid-to-liquid ratio" is the ratio of the ginger plant raw material to the solvent, which is the reciprocal of the "liquid-to-solid ratio".

[0024] In some specific embodiments of the present application, during heating extraction, heating leaching or heating reflux can be used for extraction, and the extraction temperature includes but is not limited to 20°C to 95°C, for example, it can be 20°C, 25°C, 30°C, 35°C, 40°C, 45°C, 50°C, 55°C, 60°C, 65°C, 70°C, 75°C, 80°C, 85°C, 90°C, 95°C, etc.

[0025] The number of extractions is selected according to demand, generally 1 to 4 times, with 2 or 3 times being the most common.

[0026] In addition, the extraction conditions of conventional extraction methods such as ultrasonic extraction, microwave extraction, supercritical extraction, etc. in this application can be obtained by those skilled in the art through routine adjustments.

[0027] In some specific embodiments of the present application, during the extraction process of ginger rhizomes, the solid-liquid ratio is 1:20-60, the extraction time is 1-4 hours, and the number of extractions is 1-3 times.

[0028] In this application, volatile oils are extracted by conventional methods, mainly steam distillation, extraction, adsorption, etc. (see "Plant Natural Product Extraction Technology", Chemical Industry Press, 2022.7, pages 100-110).

[0029] In some specific embodiments of the present application, the volatile oil of the rhizome of galangal is prepared by steam distillation, the solid-liquid ratio is 1:15-25, the distillation time is more than 5 hours, and the sodium chloride concentration in water is 2-4%. The concentration of sodium chloride is generally selected as mass volume percentage, for example, 100 mL of water contains 2-4 g of sodium chloride.

[0030] Among them, the ginger plant extract can be used as the only active raw material, or it can be used in combination with other insecticides, miticides, fungicides, including but not limited to natural plant extracts, artificial synthetics, etc.

[0031] Based on the synergistic pest control activity produced by the combination of ginger and galangal, the present application also provides an insecticidal composition, which includes a mixture of ginger rhizome extract and galangal rhizome extract in a ratio of 1-9:9-1, wherein the ginger rhizome extract is obtained by extracting the ginger rhizome with ethanol:ethyl acetate=1-4:1; the galangal rhizome extract is volatile oil from the galangal rhizome.

[0032] Among them, ethanol:ethyl acetate can be 1:1, 1.5:1, 2:1, 2.5:1, 3:1, 3.5:1, 4:1 and so on.

[0033] Furthermore, the ginger rhizome extract and the galangal rhizome extract are mixed in a ratio of 7-9:3:1.

[0034] Preferably, the ratio of ginger rhizome extract to galangal rhizome extract is 7:3. According to experimental studies, the mixture of this ratio can significantly improve the pest control effect of ginger and galangal extracts, and the two produce a synergistic effect under a specific ratio.

[0035] In the present application, the ratio between the extracts is generally selected by mass ratio.

[0036] In the present application, except for volatile oils, other solvent extracts may be dry products after the solvent is removed, or may be products containing a certain amount of solvent.

[0037] When ginger rhizome extract and galangal rhizome extract are mixed in proportion, except for volatile oil, the amount of other extracts is calculated based on the dry product, but this does not mean that all solvent extracts in this application can only be used as dry products after the solvent is removed. This application believes that extracts containing solvents can also be used for mixing. After the dry product content in the extract containing solvent is converted by concentration, it can be mixed in proportion. For example, the ethanol:ethyl acetate 4:1 extract of ginger rhizome without solvent removal, when not completely concentrated and dried, accounts for 80% of the solvent. If you want to use a 7:3 ratio of ginger rhizome extract (dry product after solvent removal) and galangal rhizome volatile oil, you need a 35:3 ratio of ginger rhizome extract without solvent removal and galangal rhizome volatile oil.

[0038] Among them, during the extraction process of ginger rhizomes, the solid-liquid ratio is 1:20-60, the extraction time is 1-4 hours, and the number of extractions is 1-3 times; the volatile oil of the rhizomes of galangal is prepared by steam distillation, the solid-liquid ratio is 1:15-25, the distillation time is more than 5 hours, and the sodium chloride concentration in the water is 2-4%.

[0039] In some specific embodiments of the present application, the total amount of ginger rhizome extract and galangal rhizome extract in the composition is 0.1-100%, including any content therebetween, for example, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1%, 2%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 98% or 99%.

[0040] In addition to the mixture, the composition may also include one or more of α-curcumene, 5-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-decanone, and 1-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propan-2-yl(2-fluoroethyl)sulfite. Studies have found that these compounds can also improve the pest control effect and produce a synergistic effect after being compounded with the mixture.

[0041] For example, mixture: α-curcumene = 1:2~8; mixture: 5-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-decanone = 1:2~8; mixture: 1-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propan-2-yl(2-fluoroethyl)sulfite = 1:2~8.

[0042] In the present application, the ginger is derived from Zingiber officinale Rosc., a plant of the Zingiberaceae family; and the sand ginger is derived from Kaempferia galanga L., a plant of the Zingiberaceae family.

[0043] The extraction method of this application can refer to the reports of the prior art, for example:

[0044] (1) Zhang Dongmei, Yuan Ting. Study on the extraction process of volatile oil from ginger by steam distillation[J]. Agricultural Technology and Equipment, 2023, (02): 27-28+32.

[0045] (2) Liu Jiangwei; Ye Fei. Study on the extraction technology of ginger essential oil by steam distillation[J]. Modern Agricultural Research, 2018(04)

[0046] (3) Sun Jiayi. Research progress in the extraction and development and utilization of ginger essential oil[J]. Shandong Chemical Industry, 2019(24)

[0047] (4) Yang Shiwei. Study on supercritical CO2 extraction of ginger volatile oil and microencapsulation technology[D]. Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 2015.

[0048] (5) Chen Qi. Study on the extraction of volatile oil from Ginger by microwave-assisted steam distillation[J]. Chemical Engineering Management, 2015, (12): 2-3.

[0049] (6) Liu Xuemei, Liang Jianqin, Lu Bin, et al. Study on the chemical composition of volatile oil from fresh and dried Ginger by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction [J]. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2008, (08): 2007-2009.

[0050] (7) Ling Yuzhao. Study on the extraction of characteristic component of galangal oil by steam distillation [J]. Chinese Condiment, 2005, (08): 28-31.

[0051] (8) Chen Qingsheng, He Jingyu, Meng Xiao, et al. Study on the anti-hair loss and anti-dandruff effects of three active extracts from ginger plants[J]. Guangdong Chemical Industry, 2021, 48(22): 70-72+69.

[0052] (9) Wu Cunbing, Shao Bojin, Wu Junyan, et al. Optimization of ethanol extraction process of ginger flavonoids and study on its stability[J]. Journal of Southern Agriculture, 2020, 51(11): 2798-2807.

[0053] (10) Rao Jiarui, Zhang Xin, Yu Yongxiu. Extraction of natural products from ginger and their indoor toxicity against tea ring spot disease[J]. Agricultural Technology Service, 2021, 38(08): 31-34+38.

[0054] (11) Zhou Yeyan. Research on microwave extraction technology and application technology of spices[D]. Guangzhou University, 2011.

[0055] (12) Wu Xiaofei. Study on the inhibitory effect of Ginger extract on dominant spoilage bacteria in poultry products[D]. Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 2020. DOI: 10.27264 / d.cnki.gqdhc.2020.000896.

[0056] (13) Ping Xueli. Extraction and identification of active ingredients from Kaempferia galanga and its application in composite membranes[D]. Chongqing Technology and Business University, 2022. DO I: 10.27713 / d.cnki.gcqgs.2022.000750.

[0057] In the application described in the present application, the ginger plant extract can be used directly as a single dose.

[0058] The insecticide composition described in the present application can also be used directly as a single agent.

[0059] The "single dose" mentioned in this application refers to a product that contains only ginger plant extract as the sole ingredient without adding other auxiliary materials.

[0060] In order to make the product more stable and convenient for transportation and storage, the ginger plant extract can be made into a corresponding dosage form together with auxiliary materials. The auxiliary materials can be conventional auxiliary materials in the art, such as surfactants, solvents, etc.

[0061] Suitable surfactant can be selected by those skilled in the art according to actual use requirements. The example of the surfactant that can be used in some embodiments of the present application includes but is not limited to, ethoxylated castor oil, sodium lauryl sulfate, saponin, ethoxylated alcohol, ethoxylated fatty esters, alkoxylated glycols, ethoxylated fatty acids, carboxylated alcohols, carboxylic acids, fatty acids, ethoxylated alkylphenols, fatty esters, sodium dodecyl sulfide, other surfactants based on fatty acids, other natural or synthetic surfactants, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the surfactant is a nonionic surfactant. In some embodiments, the surfactant is an ionic surfactant. The selection of suitable surfactant depends on relevant applications and conditions of use, and suitable surfactants are known to those skilled in the art.

[0062] In the present application, dosage forms include but are not limited to emulsifiable concentrates, soluble powders, soluble granules, solutions, dispersible liquids, aqueous emulsions, microemulsions, microcapsule suspensions, seed treatment liquids, aerosols, and the like.

[0063] EC is a type of pesticide formulation. It is a liquid made by dissolving a high concentration of active ingredients in a solvent and adding an emulsifier. It is usually diluted with a large amount of water to form a stable emulsion and then spread with a sprayer. It can also be sprayed in low volume or ultra-low volume. It can be used directly or diluted with water before spraying.

[0064] Wettable powder is a very fine dry preparation obtained by mixing and crushing the original drug, fillers, surfactants and other additives together.

[0065] Suspension concentrate refers to a preparation in which solid technical drugs are evenly dispersed in water as particles below 4 microns. The international code is SC. It has a fine particle size, generally 0.1 to 3 μm, and a high suspension rate. Suspension concentrates are divided into two types: water suspension concentrates and oil suspension concentrates. Water suspension concentrates use water as the suspension medium, while oil suspension concentrates use oils as the suspension medium and do not contain water. Commonly used oils are vegetable oils, such as corn oil and rapeseed oil. Suspension concentrates can completely eliminate the need for organic solvents and are a good dosage form for processing solid technical drugs. Suspension concentrates are a mixture of solid powder and liquid suspended in water. They need to be shaken before use, then diluted with water and sprayed. Suspension concentrates are easy to carry and dilute, can be sprayed evenly, and have good adhesion and lasting effect.

[0066] Powder refers to the powder of the original drug, or the powder prepared by adding a certain diluent. It can be sprayed directly with a simple powder sprayer, with high work efficiency, small adhesion to crops, small residue, and not easy to cause drug damage.

[0067] Granules, also known as granules, are a solid dosage form obtained by mixing the original drug with carriers, adhesives, dispersants, wetting agents, stabilizers and other additives. Its performance requirements mainly include fineness, uniformity, storage stability, hardness, disintegration, etc. Granules are the largest particle size among solid dosage forms, with a diameter of 300 to 1700um. They have the advantages of simple use, small outward diffusion, and long-lasting efficacy.

[0068] Aqueous solution is a solution of the original drug. The drug is evenly dispersed in water in the form of ions or molecules. The concentration of the drug depends on the water solubility of the original drug, which is generally its maximum solubility. It is diluted with water when used.

[0069] During use, an odor masking agent may also be added. In some embodiments, the odor masking agent is vanilla extract, wintergreen oil, spearmint oil, clove oil, lemongrass oil, and / or a combination thereof.

[0070] During use, an odor neutralizer may also be added. In some embodiments, the odor neutralizer may be an odor absorbing material, such as zeolite and / or other natural or synthetic odor absorbing material.

[0071] Mother liquor or mother powder is a semi-finished product processed from the original drug and needs to be further processed to prepare the final product.

[0072] In the present application, the Zingiberaceae plant extract is formulated into a liquid formulation for use in controlling mites or thrips. The concentration of the Zingiberaceae plant extract in the liquid formulation can be selected according to actual needs.

[0073] In some specific embodiments of the present application, the composition further comprises a solvent; the total concentration of the ginger rhizome extract and the galangal rhizome extract is above 0.1 mg / mL. The total concentration refers to the concentration of the mixture of the ginger rhizome extract and the galangal rhizome extract in the composition.

[0074] Furthermore, the total concentration of the ginger rhizome extract and the galangal rhizome extract is 0.1-1000 mg / mL, and may also be 0.1-500 mg / mL, 0.1-200 mg / mL, 0.1-100 mg / mL, 0.1-50 mg / mL, 1-500 mg / mL, 1-200 mg / mL, 1-100 mg / mL, 1-50 mg / mL, 1-10 mg / mL, 1-5 mg / mL, 2-200 mg / mL, 2-100 mg / mL, 2-50 mg / mL, 2-10 mg / mL, 3-200 mg / mL, 3-100 mg / mL, 3-50 mg / mL, 3-10 mg / mL, 4-200 mg / mL, 4-100 mg / mL, 4-50 mg / mL, 4-10 mg / mL. Specific options include but are not limited to: 0.1 mg / mL, 0.2 mg / mL, 0.3 mg / mL, 0.4 mg / mL, 0.5 mg / mL, 0.6 mg / mL, 0.7 mg / mL, 0.8 mg / mL, 0.9 mg / mL, 1 mg / mL, 1.1 mg / mL, 1.2 mg / mL, 1.3 mg / mL, 1.4 mg / mL, 1.5 mg / mL, 1.6 mg / mL, 1.7 mg / mL, 1.8 mg / mL, 1.9 mg / mL, 2.0 mg / mL, 2.5 mg / mL, 3 mg / mL, 3.5 mg / mL. L, 4mg / mL, 4.5mg / mL, 5mg / mL, 5.5mg / mL, 6mg / mL, 6.5mg / mL, 7mg / mL, 7.5mg / mL, 8mg / mL, 8.5mg / mL, 9mg / mL, 9.5mg / mL, 10mg / mL, 11mg / mL, 12mg / mL, 13mg / mL, 14mg / mL, 15mg / mL, 20mg / mL, 25mg / mL, 30mg / mL, 35mg / mL, 40mg / mL, 45mg / mL, 50mg / mL, 100mg / mL, etc.

[0075] In some embodiments, the solvent may also be selected from water, ketones, alcohols, aldehydes, ethers, esters or carboxylic acids, and may include non-aryl ketones, non-aryl alcohols, non-aryl aldehydes, non-aryl esters, non-aryl carboxylic acids, aryl alcohols, aryl-alkyl alcohols, aryl aldehydes, aryl-alkyl ketones, aryl-aryl ketones, aryl carboxylic acids, aryl-alkyl esters, aryl-aryl esters, aryl-alkyl ethers, aryl-aryl ethers and / or combinations thereof.

[0076] In some embodiments, the solvent includes ethanol, isopropanol, benzyl alcohol, acetone, acetophenone, water, citric acid, lactic acid, glycerol, castor oil, benzoic acid, carbonic acid, ethoxylated alcohols, ethoxylated amides, glycerides, butanol, 1-propanol, hexanol, other alcohols, dimethyl ether, polyethylene glycol, etc.

[0077] The present application also provides a method for killing and / or controlling pests, and / or repelling pests, and / or preventing or reducing pest egg laying, and / or preventing or reducing the hatching of pest eggs, which comprises exposing the pests and / or pest eggs to the above-mentioned pesticidal composition.

[0078] In the above method, the application concentration of the insecticide composition, calculated as a mixture of the ginger rhizome extract and the galangal rhizome extract (in terms of dry product), can be 0.1-1000 mg / mL, or can be 0.1-500 mg / mL, 0.1-200 mg / mL, 0.1-100 mg / mL, 0.1-50 mg / mL, 1-500 mg / mL, 1-200 mg / mL, 1-100 mg / mL, 1-50 mg / mL, 1-10 mg / mL, 1-5 mg / mL, 2-200 mg / mL, 2-100 mg / mL, 2-50 mg / mL, 2-10 mg / mL, 3-200 mg / mL, 3-100 mg / mL, 3-50 mg / mL, 3-10 mg / mL, 4-200 mg / mL, 4-100 mg / mL, 4-50 mg / mL, 4-10 mg / mL. Specific options include but are not limited to: 0.1 mg / mL, 0.2 mg / mL, 0.3 mg / mL, 0.4 mg / mL, 0.5 mg / mL, 0.6 mg / mL, 0.7 mg / mL, 0.8 mg / mL, 0.9 mg / mL, 1 mg / mL, 1.1 mg / mL, 1.2 mg / mL, 1.3 mg / mL, 1.4 mg / mL, 1.5 mg / mL, 1.6 mg / mL, 1.7 mg / mL, 1.8 mg / mL, 1.9 mg / mL, 2.0 mg / mL, 2.5 mg / mL, 3 mg / mL, 3.5 mg / mL. L, 4mg / mL, 4.5mg / mL, 5mg / mL, 5.5mg / mL, 6mg / mL, 6.5mg / mL, 7mg / mL, 7.5mg / mL, 8mg / mL, 8.5mg / mL, 9mg / mL, 9.5mg / mL, 10mg / mL, 11mg / mL, 12mg / mL, 13mg / mL, 14mg / mL, 15mg / mL, 20mg / mL, 25mg / mL, 30mg / mL, 35mg / mL, 40mg / mL, 45mg / mL, 50mg / mL, 100mg / mL, etc.

[0079] In addition to the mixture of ginger rhizome extract and galangal rhizome extract, the insecticidal composition can also be compounded with other products, including but not limited to one or more other insecticides, miticides, fungicides, herbicides, plant growth regulators or fertilizers and compounds with equivalent functions but not yet commercialized, thereby producing additional advantages and effects. For example, other insecticides can be flupyralid, cypermethrin, ethidium, tetrazopyra, imidacloprid, spirotetramat, spirodiclofen, diprofen, cypermethrin, bromofenamide, cypermethrin, cypermethrin, cypermethrin, cypermethrin, pymetrozine, thiamethoxam, lufenuron, avermectin, chlorantraniliprole, bifenthrin, cyanamide, cyfluthrin, spinetoram, trifluanid, sulfoxaflor, methyl pyrifos, indoxacarb, dinotefuran, bispyribac, hydrazone, permethrin, hexaflumuron, fluazifop-butyl.

[0080] The concentration of other products can be adjusted according to actual needs. For example, if α-curcumene, 5-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-decanone, or 1-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propan-2-yl(2-fluoroethyl)sulfite is also needed, then, based on the mixture of ginger rhizome extract and galangal rhizome extract, the dosage of other products is as follows: mixture: α-curcumene = 1:2~8; mixture: 5-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-decanone = 1:2~8; mixture: 1-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propan-2-yl(2-fluoroethyl)sulfite = 1:2~8.

[0081] As used in this application, “including” or “comprising” are to be interpreted in their open-ended sense, i.e. specifying the presence of mentioned specified features, elements, steps or components, but not excluding the presence or addition of further features, elements, steps or components.

[0082] As used herein, the term "pest" refers to an organism that adversely affects hosts (eg, plants or animals such as mammals) by parasitizing, damaging, attacking, competing with them for nutrients, or infecting them.

[0083] Without particular limitation, pests include arthropods (including insects and arachnids), and include piercing-sucking pests and biting pests (eg, bed bugs, mites, ticks, ants, lice, cockroaches, thrips, etc.).

[0084] In some embodiments of the present application, the pests are selected from one or more of Thysanoptera, Hemiptera, Lepidoptera, Tetranychus, Tenuipalpidae, Psoralea, Tarsonema, Pleuronectinae, Leaf-clawed Mites, Carnivorous Mites, Sarcoptera, Powderyngidae, and Dust Mites.

[0085] The "Thysanoptera" belongs to the class Insecta, and the insects of this order are generally called "thrips". Thrips are divided into the suborder Cone (Saw) Tailed Thrips and the suborder Tube (Saw) Tailed Thrips. The suborder Cone (Saw) Tailed Thrips includes: Superfamily Thripioidea (Thripsidae, Asafoetidae, Black Thripidae, Finger Thripidae, Long-horned Thripidae), Superfamily Thripioidea (Thigh Thripidae), Superfamily Thripioidea (Heterothripidae, Semithripidae, Heterothripidae, Needle Thripidae, Thripidae); among them, Thripidae is the largest and most important family in this order, with 33 genera and about 200 species known in this family, such as: Flower Thrips, Tobacco Thrips (Cotton Thrips), Bean Thrips, Rice Thrips, Yellow-breasted Thrips, Palm Thrips, Western Flower Thrips, Melon Thrips, Loquat Thrips, Sugarcane Thrips, Grain Thrips, Tea Yellow Hard Thrips, Greenhouse Thrips, Tea Yellow Thrips, Six-spotted Thrips, etc. are all common species in my country. The suborder of Siphonothrips includes: Siphonothrips superfamily (Ankylothrips, Conothrips, Mylothrips, Siphonothrips, Fingerthrips, Millithrips, Thripidae, Macrothrips), Caudalthrips superfamily (Caudalthrips). The brackets after the superfamily are all subfamilies under the superfamily. Similarly, all the superfamilies mentioned below are expressed in this way.

[0086] The "Hemiptera" mentioned above belongs to the class Insecta. Hemiptera is divided into the suborder Cephalorrhynchus and the suborder Sternorhynchus; Cephalorrhynchus includes the superorder Cicadoidea (Cigaridae, Cercopidae, Cercopidae, Cicadidae, Cicadidae) and the superorder Cicadoidea (Antrichidae, Delphacidae, Cicadidae, Color Cicadidae, Nymphatic Cicadidae, Nymphatic Cicadidae, Grain-veined Cicadidae, Elephant Cicadidae, Gum Cicadidae, Flat Cicadidae, Sleeve Cicadidae, Lucy Cicadidae, Goose Cicadidae, Moth Cicadidae, Broad-winged Cicadidae); the suborder Sternorhynchus includes the superorder Psyllids (Psyllidae), the superorder Whiteflies (Aleyrodidae), the superorder Aphids (Aphididae, Phylloxera, Aphididae, Aphididae) and the superorder Coccoidea (Coccoidea, Coccoidea, Gumcocidae, Red Coccoidea, Carmine Scale, Mealycocidae, Chain Coccoidea, Coccoidea, Shield Coccoidea).

[0087] The "Lepidoptera" mentioned above belongs to the class Insecta and has a wide distribution range, with the most abundant species in the tropics. The larvae of most species harm various cultivated plants, and the larger ones often eat all the leaves or bore into branches. Lepidoptera includes the suborders Yokoptera (Micropterygidae), Monotremes (Trichoidea, Batoidea, Micromorphoidea, and Perforatoria), and Dipyri (Grainworms, Woodworms, Corythoptera, Sphenomorpha, Pyraloidea, Pyraloidea, Bombyx moths, Anchoroidea, Geometridae, Sphingoidea, Noctuoidea, Hesperoidea, and Papilioidea).

[0088] The “mites” mentioned in this application mainly include agricultural pest mites, most of which belong to the families Tetranychidae, Tenuipalpidae, Eriophyidae, Tarsonemidae, Pyemotidae, Penthaleidae and Cheyetidae of the class Acachnida.

[0089] The Tetranychus family is divided into the genera Micrognathus (such as: white pine micrognathus, larch micrognathus, carmine micrognathus, etc.), the genus Proteophychus (such as: white proteophychus, white wax proteophychus, camellia proteophychus, etc.), the genus Tetranychus (such as: cabbage spider mite, bean spider mite, two-spotted spider mite, cinnabar spider mite), the genus Split Nymph (such as: citrus split nymph, bamboo split nymph, long split nymph, etc.), the genus Syngnathus (such as: fig syngnathus, citrus syngnathus, Jiuli Fragrant Synonychus, etc.), Panonychus (such as: Citrus Panonychus, Carson Panonychus, Apple Panonychus, etc.), Heteronychus (such as Bamboo Heteronychus, Wuyi Heteronychus), Elk Mite (such as Bamboo Elk Mite, Nanjing Elk Mite), Monoonychus (such as Georgia Monoonychus), Spiny Nymph (such as Spiky Nymph), Diplocera (such as Hawthorn Diplocera), Tetranychus (such as Willow Tetranychus), Xin Tetranychus ( Such as: Huangshan Xin spider mite), cloud claw mite (such as: Dali cloud claw mite), new spider mite (such as: Bauhinia new spider mite), broad spider mite (such as: licorice broad spider mite, Wuyishan broad spider mite), missing claw mite (such as: Guizhu missing claw mite, bamboo missing claw mite), true spider mite (such as: oriental true spider mite, Xi'an true spider mite), claw mite (such as: Bag claw mite), pseudo-broad spider mite (such as: Japanese pseudo-broad spider mite), pseudo-fine mite (such as: spear-like fine-whispered mite, jujube-like fine-whispered mite), moss mite (such as: northern moss mite, peak-like moss mite), Chinese moss mite (such as: Chinese Chinese moss mite), rock moss mite (such as Xinjiang rock mite, huge rock mite, etc.), pseudo-tetranychus (such as: hairy pseudo-tetranychus, spiraea pseudo-tetranychus, etc.), single-headed spider mite (such as: salt-alkali single-headed mite), middle moss mite (such as Potter's middle moss mite), long moss mite (Altai long moss mite).

[0090] In some embodiments of the present application, the pest is selected from flower thrips, tobacco thrips, bean thrips, rice thrips, yellow-breasted thrips, palm thrips, western flower thrips, melon thrips, loquat thrips, sugarcane thrips, grass thrips, tea yellow hard thrips, greenhouse thrips, tea yellow thrips, six-spotted thrips, rice leaf roller, beet armyworm, Spodoptera litura, peach borer, cotton bollworm, diamondback moth, melon silk borer, bean pod borer, whitefly, greenhouse whitefly, black thorn whitefly, citrus whitefly , mulberry whitefly, rice whitefly, spiral whitefly, white bark pine small clawed mite, larch small clawed mite, carmine small clawed mite, white spider mite, ash spider mite, camellia spider mite, cabbage spider mite, bean spider mite, two-spotted spider mite, cinnabar spider mite, citrus split clawed mite, bamboo split clawed mite, long split clawed mite, fig synonychus mite, citrus synonychus mite, citrus panonychus mite, Carle's panonychus mite, bamboo heteroonychus mite, Wuyi heteroonychus mite, bamboo elk mite, Georgia monoonychus mite, spiked secondary clawed mite, hawthorn double spider mite.

[0091] In some embodiments of the present application, the pests can also be selected from pear psyllids, leafhoppers, leafminers, Chinese lacewings, red fire ants, termites, borer bugs, mosquitoes, flies, flies, fleas, etc.

[0092] The term "insecticide" as used herein refers to killing and / or controlling pests.

[0093] "Control" as used herein refers to, but is not limited to, any killing, growth regulation, or pestistatic (inhibiting or interfering with the normal life cycle of pests) activity against pests, including, for example, sterilizing activity, which prevents the production of eggs or sperm, causes the death of sperm or eggs, or causes severe damage to genetic material. Additional activities intended to be included within the scope of the term "control" include preventing larvae from developing into mature offspring, regulating the emergence of pests from eggs (including preventing hatching), degrading egg material, suffocating, reducing intestinal activity, inhibiting the formation of chitin, disrupting mating or sexual communication, and preventing feeding (antifeedant) activity.

[0094] The "repellent" or "repellent" described in the present application means hindering pests from landing or climbing onto the surface to which the Zingiberaceae plant extract or insecticidal composition has been applied or introduced, and / or promoting pests to leave the surface to which the Zingiberaceae plant extract or insecticidal composition has been applied or introduced.

[0095] As used herein, "surface" or "target surface" includes a surface to which a pesticide is applied or to be applied. Such surfaces may include, for example, surfaces where pests may contact or be exposed to the applied pesticide, lay their eggs, and / or surfaces that have been or are suspected of being infested by pests.

[0096] As used in this application, "preventing egg laying" means preventing pests from laying eggs, and / or reducing the number of eggs typically laid by pests.

[0097] As used in this application, "preventing hatching" means preventing or delaying the hatching of larvae from eggs.

[0098] As used herein, "pesticide" refers to an agent that can be used to control and / or kill pests.

[0099] In some embodiments, methods of using any of the compositions described herein include direct application, dilution with a suitable carrier for delivery as a ready-to-use spray, or in concentrated form to be diluted and applied.

[0100] In the present application, in order to obtain the desired effect, in some embodiments, the dosage of the extract or the composition of the extract (insecticide composition) varies due to various factors, such as the crop to be protected, the type of pest, the degree of infection, the method of application, the application environment, the application dosage form and the like.

[0101] In the present application, the effective amount is not particularly limited. For example, when used in the field, it can be a dosage of 10 g to 1 kg of the extract or the composition of the extract (insecticide composition) per hectare to provide sufficient control.

[0102] In the present application, the killing and / or controlling of pests, and / or repelling of pests, and / or preventing or reducing pest egg laying, and / or preventing or reducing pest eggs are not limited to use in the agricultural field. As long as there is a need to kill and / or control pests, and / or repelling pests, and / or preventing or reducing pest egg laying, and / or preventing or reducing pest eggs, it should be within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0103] The beneficial effects of this application include, but are not limited to:

[0104] (1) It was first discovered that extracts from ginger plants (ginger, galangal) have excellent anti-insect activity against agricultural pests such as mites and thrips;

[0105] (2) The extraction process was optimized to increase the insecticidal, ovicidal and repellent activities of Zingiberaceae plant extracts;

[0106] (3) The synergistic effect of the mixture of extracts from different ginger plants was discovered. Specifically, first, the mixed solvent extract of ethanol and ethyl acetate from ginger rhizomes had significantly improved pest control effects compared with the single solvent extract. Second, the mixture of ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts from ginger rhizomes and volatile oil from galangal significantly improved the pest control effect and also exerted a synergistic effect. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0107] The technical scheme of the present application will be clearly and completely described below. Of course, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application. It should be noted that if there is a process that is not particularly described in detail below, it can be realized or understood by those skilled in the art with reference to the prior art. If the manufacturer is not indicated in the reagents or instruments used, it is regarded as a conventional product that can be purchased commercially.

[0108] When providing a numerical range, it is understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range (to one tenth of the unit of the lower limit, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise) and any other specified or intermediate values ​​within the specified range are included in the embodiments of the present application. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can independently define smaller numerical ranges, and it will be understood that these smaller ranges are intended to be included in the embodiments of the present application, subject to any explicitly excluded limits within the specified range.

[0109] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the application belongs. Although any methods and materials similar or equal to those described herein can also be used in the practice or testing of the embodiments of the application, preferred methods and materials are described to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the disclosure.

[0110] In the specific implementation manner of the present application, the ginger used is picked from the field, and the sand ginger used is purchased from commercial products.

[0111] The ginger extract, ginger volatile oil, galangal extract, and galangal volatile oil described in the present application can be obtained by purchasing commercially available products or prepared by conventional extraction methods. The extraction methods in the following embodiments of the present application are merely reference to common knowledge to prepare the raw materials used in the experiment and should not be construed as a limitation on the method of obtaining the raw materials.

[0112] In the specific implementation manner of the present application, other raw materials for which the preparation method is not indicated can be obtained by purchasing commercial products or prepared by existing methods.

[0113] Example 1

[0114]

Preparation method of experimental extract

[0115] Take an appropriate amount of whole herb and rhizome powder of ginger, use one solvent selected from water, ethanol (anhydrous ethanol), ethyl acetate, and methanol, with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:40, perform ultrasonic extraction for 1 hour, extract twice, combine the two extracts, and concentrate to dryness under reduced pressure to obtain ginger whole herb extract (water extract, ethanol extract, ethyl acetate extract, methanol extract) and ginger rhizome extract (water extract, ethanol extract, ethyl acetate extract, methanol extract), respectively.

[0116] Take an appropriate amount of whole herb and rhizome powder of Zingiber officinale, use one solvent selected from water, ethanol (anhydrous ethanol), ethyl acetate, and methanol, with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:40, perform ultrasonic extraction for 1 hour, extract twice, combine the two extracts, and concentrate to dryness under reduced pressure to obtain Zingiber officinale whole herb extract (water extract, ethanol extract, ethyl acetate extract, methanol) and Zingiber officinale rhizome extract (water extract, ethanol extract, ethyl acetate extract, methanol), respectively.

[0117] Take appropriate amount of ginger whole herb and root tuber coarse powder, add them into a steam distillation device respectively, with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10, turn on the heating equipment until no volatile oil flows out, stop heating and cool naturally to room temperature, collect volatile oil from the volatile oil extraction device, and obtain ginger whole herb volatile oil and ginger rhizome volatile oil respectively.

[0118] Take an appropriate amount of whole herb and root tuber powder of galingiber officinale, add them into a steam distillation device respectively, with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10, turn on the heating equipment until no volatile oil flows out, stop heating and cool naturally to room temperature, collect volatile oil from the volatile oil extraction device, and obtain volatile oil of whole herb and rhizome of galingiber officinale respectively.

[0119] The "whole herb" refers to the above-ground part of the plant.

[0120]

Indoor biological activity test of adult mites (taking cinnabarinus spider mite as an example

[0121] Glue a 4-cm-long double-sided tape to one end of a glass slide, gently pick up the cinnabarinus spider mite with a small brush and gently stick its back to the tape, being careful not to stick to the mite's feet, antennae and mouthparts. Glue at least 30 heads to each glass slide, arrange them neatly, and then put them in a clean culture dish, put filter paper in it, keep the filter paper moist, and cover the dish cover. After 2 hours, observe each insect under a stereo microscope. If there are any dead insects, remove them and cross them out. If there are less than 30 insects, make up the number. Make up the number of the test agent (when using the agent in this application, use an appropriate amount of anhydrous ethanol, such as 10%, surfactants such as castor oil polyoxyethylene ether 5%, and sterile water to make up; the solvent control is that the components of the test agent solvent, surfactant, etc. remain unchanged, and only the test sample is replaced with the same weight of sterile water) to ensure that it is evenly dispersed in water. Prepare the solution according to the experimental design concentration (Table 1), then immerse one end of the glass slide with healthy cinnabarin spider mites in the prepared solution, shake the glass slide gently, take it out after immersion for 5 seconds, absorb the excess solution with absorbent paper, then place the glass slide in the above-mentioned culture dish, cover the dish after the solution is dried, and place it in an environment of 25°C for cultivation (leaving it for a period of time after sticking the insects and then examining it under a microscope can reduce experimental errors, such as some insects dying naturally without pharmacological effects after sticking). After 72 hours, investigate and record the number of dead cinnabarin spider mites under a stereo microscope, and gently touch the cinnabarin spider mites with a small brush. If there is no reaction, it is considered dead. Calculate the prevention effect according to the following formula.

[0122] Pest reduction rate (%) = (number of insects in the treatment group before treatment - number of live insects in the treatment group after treatment) / number of insects in the treatment group before treatment × 100 Control effect (%) = (pest reduction rate in the treatment group - insect reduction rate in the control group) / (100 - insect reduction rate in the control group) × 100

[0123]

Indoor testing of mite egg activity (taking cinnabarinus spider mite as an example

[0124] Transfer 20 adult female mites of Tetranychus cinnabarinus to a broad bean leaf disc with a diameter of 2.0 cm (with a soaked filter paper at the bottom), cover it with a petri dish and keep it moist. Remove the adult mites within 36 hours, and count the leaf discs containing eggs under a microscope. Before soaking, investigate and record the number of eggs on each leaf disc under a microscope. Soak the leaf disc containing mite eggs in clean water for 10 seconds, take it out and keep it moist. Repeat each treatment for no less than 3 times. The treated mite eggs and leaf discs are placed under normal conditions for culture. Five days after the drug is applied, start investigating the hatching of spider mite eggs. Calculate the prevention effect according to the following formula.

[0125] Egg hatching rate (%) = number of hatched eggs / total number of processed eggs * 100

[0126] Control effect (%) = (egg hatching rate in the control area - egg hatching rate in the treatment area) / egg hatching rate in the control area) * 100

[0127]

Repellent test (taking thrips as an example)

[0128] When using the "Y"-shaped olfactometer to test the behavior of adult thrips, one arm of the "Y"-shaped olfactometer was connected to a odor source bottle containing the test substance, and the other two sides were connected to odor source bottles containing liquid paraffin as a control. The air was ventilated for 5 minutes to fill the tube with odor. The air flow rate of the four-arm olfactometer was controlled at 200mL / min, the indoor temperature was controlled at (25±1)℃, and the relative humidity was 60%-80%. The base arm end of the "Y"-shaped olfactory glass tube was introduced into the thrips adults that had been starved for 5 hours, and a single test was conducted for 10 minutes. If the adult thrips crawled to more than 1 / 3 of the side arm connected to the odor source bottle and lasted for more than 30 seconds, it was recorded that the adult made a choice of the arm, produced a positive reaction, and was recorded as attraction; if the adult crawled to the other side arm, it was recorded as a negative reaction, recorded as repellent; if no choice was made within 5 minutes, it was recorded as no reaction. Five test thrips were tested for each treatment, and repeated 3 times. The control was tested with liquid paraffin as the odor source. Each thrips was tested only once in the experiment. The repellency rate was calculated according to the following formula.

[0129] Repellency rate (%) = number of thrips repelled / total number of thrips*100

[0130]

Thrips egg test

[0131] Transfer 10 thrips to a 2.0 cm diameter green bean leaf disc (with soaked filter paper at the bottom), then cover it with a covered culture dish and keep it moisturized. Remove the adults 24 hours after laying eggs. Soak the leaf disc containing thrips eggs in clean water for 30 seconds, take it out and keep it moisturized. Repeat each treatment for no less than 3 times. Place the treated leaf disc under normal conditions for culture. 7 days after the drug is applied, start investigating the hatching of thrips larvae. Calculate the control effect according to the following formula.

[0132] Control effect (%) = ((number of larvae in the control area - number of larvae in the treatment area) / number of larvae in the control area) * 100

[0133]

Thrips adult test

[0134] Place the hydroponic green bean seedlings with only one true leaf next to the plants with thrips for 24 hours, and wait for the adult insects to crawl onto the leaves for later use; or use the end of a soaked brush to gently pick up healthy thrips and transfer them to the treated green bean seedlings, more than 50 per plant. Before applying the pesticide, investigate the insect population base on each treated plant, remove the smaller and dead insects, and ensure that the size of each treated insect is basically the same and the number is more than 50. Use a spray bottle to spray the test solution onto the corresponding test plants, and the front and back of the leaves should be evenly applied (the amount of application is that the solution on the leaves does not drip). After applying the pesticide, cut the test seedlings from the leaf end to the stem at a length of 10 cm, and fix them on a 25mL plastic cup with moist hydroponic cotton (a layer of blown plastic paper should be placed on the top of the hydroponic cotton to prevent insects from falling on the hydroponic cotton and affecting the test results). Add water to the cup, and finally put the treated test seedlings in a round plastic packaging box, cover it with 120-mesh gauze, seal it with a perforated lid, and culture it at 25°C. 48 hours after applying the pesticide, gently touch the insect body with a small brush, and no reaction is considered dead. Calculate the control effect according to the following formula.

[0135] Pest reduction rate (%) = number of dead insects in the treatment group after drug application / total number of insects in the treatment group after drug application × 100

[0136] Control effect (%) = (pest reduction rate of treated group - pest reduction rate of blank group) / (100 - pest reduction rate of blank group) × 100

[0137] Note: 1) The total insect population after treatment refers to the insect population base after treatment (the sum of live and dead insects), not the insect population base recorded before treatment (some thrips may fly away during the treatment, resulting in the insect population base before treatment being larger than the actual treatment insect population base).

[0138] Table 1 Treatment conditions

[0139]

[0140] Table 2 Results of the indoor in vitro testing of adults and eggs of Tetranychus cinnabarinus / Thrips

[0141]

[0142]

[0143] Table 3 Results of indoor bio-tests on the repellency of Tetranychus cinnabarinus and Thrips

[0144]

[0145] From the results in Tables 2 and 3, we can see that compared with adult thrips, the overall effect of ginger plant extracts on adult cinnabarinus spider mites is better, among which the ginger rhizome ethanol extract has the best effect on both cinnabarinus spider mites and adult thrips mites. At the same time, the ethanol extract of Zingiber officinale rhizome also has a significant insect inhibition effect, and this phenomenon is also manifested in the eggs of Zingiber officinale and thrips. These two extracts are also the most effective, which indicates that the main insect and egg inhibitors may be mainly in the ethanol extract. In terms of repellent activity, the activity of volatile oil is significantly better than that of extracts, which may be due to the presence of more volatile substances in volatile oils, and the repellent activity of rhizome volatile oils of the two ginger plants is better than that of whole plant volatile oils. In addition, Zingiber officinale rhizome volatile oil has a significant effect on adult thrips and ginger rhizome ethanol extract has a significant effect on thrips repellent.

[0146] Example 2

[0147] The ginger rhizome was sliced, placed in a 60°C oven, dried for 24 hours, crushed and passed through a 40-mesh sieve to obtain a coarse powder. 100 g of coarse ginger powder was taken, added to a reflux device, and ethanol, ethyl acetate, or ethanol-ethyl acetate mixed solvent (ratio: 1:1, 2:1, 4:1) was added respectively, the heating reflux device was turned on, reflux extraction was filtered and concentrated to dryness, the solid-liquid ratio was 1:40, the extraction time was 2 hours, and the extraction was performed twice. The above extract was diluted to a lower concentration according to the bioassay method in Example 1, and the control activity of adult Tetranychus cinnabarinus was observed.

[0148] Table 4 Effects of ginger extracts in different solvents at low concentrations

[0149]

[0150] According to the results in Table 4, when the concentration of the extract is reduced, the pest control effect will be reduced. However, at the same concentration, the pest control effect of the extract using a mixed solvent of ethanol and ethyl acetate is significantly better than that of a single solvent. Furthermore, when the ratio of ethanol to ethyl acetate reaches 4:1, an 80% control effect can be achieved at a concentration of 1 mg / mL, which can be considered as a preferred solvent.

[0151] Example 3

[0152]

Ginger solvent extraction method

[0153] The ginger rhizome was sliced, placed in a 60°C oven, dried for 24 hours, crushed and passed through a 40-mesh sieve to obtain a coarse powder. 100 g of coarse ginger powder was added to a reflux device, a mixed solvent of ethyl acetate and ethanol was added, the heating reflux device was turned on, reflux extraction was performed, filtration was performed, and concentration was performed to dryness to obtain a ginger extract.

[0154] The extraction conditions were as follows: solid-liquid ratio of 1:40, extraction time of 2 h, solvent ratio (ethyl acetate: ethanol = 1:4), and extraction times of 3 times.

[0155]

Solvent extraction method of galangal

[0156] The rhizome of Zingiber officinale was sliced, placed in an oven at 60°C, dried for 24 hours, crushed and passed through a 40-mesh sieve to obtain a coarse powder. 100 g of Zingiber officinale coarse powder was added to a reflux device, a mixed solvent of ethyl acetate and ethanol was added, the heating reflux device was turned on, reflux extraction was performed, filtration was performed, and concentration was performed to dryness to obtain Zingiber officinale extract.

[0157] The extraction conditions were as follows: solid-liquid ratio of 1:20, extraction time of 4 h, solvent ratio (ethyl acetate: ethanol = 1:4), and extraction times of 2 times.

[0158]

Extraction method of ginger volatile oil

[0159] Take ginger rhizome slices, put them in a 60℃ oven, dry them for 24 hours, crush them and pass them through a 40-mesh sieve to obtain coarse powder. Take 500g of coarse ginger powder, add it to a volatile oil device, add a certain amount of aqueous solution containing sodium chloride, turn on the heating device, and distill for 3-10 hours to obtain ginger volatile oil.

[0160] The extraction conditions were as follows: solid-liquid ratio was 1:20, distillation time was 5 h, and sodium chloride dosage was 2%.

[0161]

Method for extracting volatile oil from galangal

[0162] Take the rhizome of galangal and slice it, put it in a 60℃ oven, dry it for 24 hours, crush it and pass it through a 40-mesh sieve to get coarse powder. Take 500g of galangal coarse powder, add it to the volatile oil device, add a certain amount of aqueous solution containing sodium chloride, turn on the heating device, and distill for 3-10 hours to get galangal volatile oil.

[0163] The extraction conditions were as follows: solid-liquid ratio was 1:20, distillation time was 5 h, and sodium chloride dosage was 2%.

[0164] Example 4

[0165] Based on the optimal extraction conditions of ginger extract, ginger volatile oil, zingiber officinale extract and zingiber officinale volatile oil obtained in Example 3, the corresponding extracts were prepared respectively, and the screening experiment of the combination ratio of adult mites and eggs of Tetranychus cinnabarinus was carried out according to the bioassay method in Example 1.

[0166] Table 5 Combination screening of four ginger extracts for their activity against Tetranychus cinnabarinus

[0167]

[0168] As shown in Table 5, the insecticidal activity is best when the ratio of ginger extract to galangal volatile oil is 7:3.

[0169] Table 6 Screening of the combination of four ginger extracts for the activity against Tetranychus cinnabarinus eggs

[0170]

[0171]

[0172] As shown in Table 6, the ovicidal activity of ginger extract and zingiber officinale volatile oil at 7:3 and ginger extract and zingiber officinale volatile oil at 3:7 both exceeded 80%, but the mite killing activity of ginger extract and zingiber officinale volatile oil at 3:7 was not particularly outstanding. Overall, the overall activity of ginger extract and zingiber officinale volatile oil at 7:3 was the best.

[0173] Example 5

[0174] Based on the ginger extract and galangal volatile oil under the extraction conditions in Example 3, a ginger and galangal mixture was prepared in a ratio of 7:3 and verified based on the test method of Example 1. The results are as follows:

[0175] Table 7 Activity of ginger and galangal mixture against adult mites of Tetranychus cinnabarinus / Tetranychus urticae / Panonychus citri, eggs of Tetranychus cinnabarinus, and adults and eggs of Thrips

[0176]

[0177] Example 6

[0178] A ginger and galangal mixture was prepared by mixing ginger extract and galangal volatile oil in a ratio of 7:3 based on the extraction conditions in Example 3, and the activity of adults and eggs of Spodoptera litura and Bemisia tabaci was tested based on the test method in Example 1.

[0179] [Spodoptera litura egg test]

[0180] Cut the egg mass into small pieces, each with about 60 eggs, and soak them together with the egg-laying paper in the pre-prepared test agent for 10 minutes. After taking them out, use absorbent paper to absorb the excess solution adhering to the egg-laying paper and the egg mass. Place each egg mass in a glass test tube (5.0 cm high and 2.5 cm in diameter, the same below), seal it with plastic paper with fine holes punched with insect pins, and place it in an artificial climate box at (24±1)℃, relative humidity (80±10)%, and a photoperiod of L:D=12:12. When the eggs develop to the point of hatching, add castor leaves with a diameter of about 3 cm for the hatched larvae to feed; check and record the number of hatched and unhatched eggs in each egg block, and calculate the egg mortality rate and corrected mortality rate according to the formula. Repeat 3 times for each treatment. Regularly replenish water and moisturize the test materials of each treatment group, and observe the hatching of eggs. Record the number of hatched eggs in each treatment on the 4th day after the drug, and record the survey results in the original record book. The investigation time can be shortened or extended according to the test requirements and the characteristics of the agent.

[0181] Egg hatching rate (%) = number of hatched eggs / total number of processed eggs * 100

[0182] Control effect (%) = (egg hatching rate in the control area - egg hatching rate in the treatment area) / egg hatching rate in the control area) * 100.

[0183] [Spodoptera litura larvae test]

[0184] Cut fresh and clean tobacco leaves and use a circular puncher to punch out small circular leaves with a diameter of 2.5 cm. Select 12 leaf discs as a group, spread them out and wrap them with gauze, or directly clamp them with tweezers and immerse them in the test solution. Soak the leaves in the prepared solution for 10 seconds, and use filter paper to absorb the excess solution in the gauze after taking them out; first treat the blank control, and then repeat the above operation in the order of test doses from low to high. Replace the gauze and absorbent paper between each treatment, and clean the tweezers and other utensils. The leaf discs after soaking are placed on the filter paper and spread out at 25±1℃, and dry naturally. Then select 15 3rd-instar larvae of Spodoptera litura, wrap them with gauze, soak them in the prepared solution for 10 seconds, and use filter paper to absorb the excess solution in the gauze after taking them out; first treat the blank control, and then repeat the above operation in the order of test doses from low to high. Each treatment is repeated for no less than 3 times, and the gauze and absorbent paper are replaced between each treatment, and the tweezers and other insect picking utensils are cleaned. When there are no obvious water droplets or moisture on the surface of the leaf disc, place 4 drug-soaked leaf discs and 15 drug-soaked Spodoptera litura larvae in the culture dish. Place the culture dish under normal conditions of 25±1℃ and 60-80% humidity for observation. According to the test requirements and the characteristics of the agent, observe the reaction of the test insects regularly and add clean leaves or feed. Conduct regular surveys 72 hours after drug administration and record the number of dead insects of each treatment. The corresponding judgment standard for insect death is: gently touch the insect body with tweezers, and no reaction is considered dead. Calculate the prevention effect according to the following formula.

[0185] Pest reduction rate (%) = (base number of insects in the treatment group - number of live insects in the treatment group after treatment) / total number of insects in the treatment group after treatment × 100 Control effect (%) = (pest reduction rate in the treatment group - insect reduction rate in the blank group) / (100 - insect reduction rate in the blank group) × 100

[0186]

Bemisia tabaci egg test

[0187] Cucumber leaves were collected and a circular leaf with a diameter of 2 cm was punched at the middle vein of each leaf with a hole puncher. The leaf disc was immersed in the test solution for 10 seconds, taken out and dried, and then transferred to a finger tube containing 12 g / L water agar (the front of the leaf faced downward). 30 adults were sucked in to lay eggs 24 hours later, and then the adults were removed. The leaves with eggs were transferred to a culture dish containing 12 g / L water agar (the front of the leaf faced downward). The number of eggs was counted under a microscope, and then placed in a light incubator for observation [temperature was (27±1)℃, humidity was (70±5)%, and light-dark cycle was 16h:8h]. After 5 days, the number of unhatched eggs was recorded under a microscope and the egg hatching inhibition rate was calculated. Each treatment was repeated 3 times.

[0188] Egg hatching rate (%) = number of hatched eggs / total number of processed eggs * 100

[0189] Control effect (%) = (egg hatching rate in the control area - egg hatching rate in the treatment area) / egg hatching rate in the control area) * 100.

[0190]

Bemisia tabaci adult test

[0191] Take a double-pass glass tube (3 cm in diameter and 6 cm in length), wrap a layer of opaque black cellophane on the outside, and cover one end with a layer of parafilm (the area of ​​the film has been evenly stretched to 4-5 times the original), take 200 μL of the test solution on the wall of the double-pass tube, rotate the double-pass tube for one week until the solution is evenly distributed on the tube wall, wait for the solution to evaporate, then add 200 μL of 30% sucrose water to the parafilm film on the wall of the container containing the drug, and cover it with a layer of parafilm to prevent the evaporation of the feeding solution. Put 30 2-5 day old whiteflies adults from the other end of the double-pass tube and seal it with absorbent paper. Set up 3 replicates for each group and place them in an artificial climate chamber (25±3℃, humidity 60%-70%, light-dark time ratio = 14h:10h), and check the number of live insects under a stereomicroscope and record them after 48 hours.

[0192] Pest reduction rate (%) = (base number of insects in the treatment group - number of live insects in the treatment group after treatment) / total number of insects in the treatment group after treatment × 100 Control effect (%) = (pest reduction rate in the treatment group - insect reduction rate in the blank group) / (100 - insect reduction rate in the blank group) × 100

[0193] Table 8 Activity of ginger and galangal mixture against adults and eggs of Spodoptera litura and Bemisia tabaci

[0194]

[0195] Combined with the data of Examples 5 and 6, it can be seen that even if the same pesticide is used, different pests will have different control effects. Using the ginger and galangal mixture of the present application, a very high control effect can be achieved against agricultural mites at a low concentration (1 mg / mL). However, for Spodoptera litura, Bemisia tabaci, etc., even at a concentration of 2 or 4 mg / mL, the control effect is relatively low. It can be seen that the composition of the present application is particularly useful for controlling agricultural mites.

[0196] Example 7

[0197] Based on the ginger extract and galangal volatile oil under the extraction conditions in Example 3, a ginger and galangal mixture was prepared in a ratio of 7:3, and a 10% ginger and galangal mixture soluble solution (mass percentage) was prepared according to the following formula: 10% mixture, 20% ethanol, 2% calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 2% castor oil ethoxylate, 1% tristyrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, 5% ethylene glycol, and the rest was supplemented with water. A field test on citrus panonychus was also conducted.

[0198]

Field trial on citrus mites

[0199] The experiment was carried out on September 30, 2024 in Dacao Village, Shouan County, Sichuan Province. There were 4 treatments in the experiment, with 2 citrus trees in each treatment. After the agent was prepared according to the experimental design, the entire leaves and the front and back of the fruits of the citrus trees in each plot were evenly sprayed until small water droplets were formed. At the same time, it should also be ensured that the growth parts such as the trunk of the fruit tree branches are in contact with the agent, and no other insecticides and fungicides were applied during the experiment. Before the drug was applied, 6 marks were made in each plot, and the base number of insects on each mark was counted. Each mark had more than 15 adult mites and more than 30 mites; the number of remaining live insects on the leaves was counted each time the drug was applied. The base number of insects was investigated before the drug, and the number of remaining live insects was investigated 1, 7, and 10 days after the drug, for a total of 3 investigations.

[0200] Pest reduction rate (%) = [(the number of insects in the treated area before treatment - the number of insects in the treated area after treatment) / the number of insects in the treated area before treatment] * 100. Control effect (%) = (the insect reduction rate in the treated area - the insect reduction rate in the control area) / (1-the insect reduction rate in the control area) * 100

[0201] Table 9 10% ginger and galangal mixture soluble solution test on citrus mites in the field (Sichuan, Pujiang)

[0202]

[0203]

[0204]

[0205] Embodiment 8 [Ginger, sand ginger extraction method]

[0206] Referring to Example 2, ginger rhizomes and / or galangal rhizomes were taken, and the extraction conditions were as follows: solid-liquid ratio was 1:40, extraction time was 2 h, solvent ratio (ethyl acetate: ethanol = 1:1), and extraction times were 2 times.

[0207] Embodiment 9 [Ginger, sand ginger extraction method]

[0208] Referring to Example 2, ginger rhizomes and / or galangal rhizomes were taken, and the extraction conditions were as follows: solid-liquid ratio was 1:40, extraction time was 4 h, solvent ratio (ethyl acetate: ethanol = 1:1), and extraction times were 2 times.

[0209] Embodiment 10 [Ginger, sand ginger extraction method]

[0210] Referring to Example 2, ginger rhizomes and / or galangal rhizomes were taken, and the extraction conditions were as follows: solid-liquid ratio was 1:40, extraction time was 2 h, solvent ratio (ethyl acetate: ethanol = 1:1), and extraction times were 3 times.

[0211] Embodiment 11 [Ginger, sand ginger extraction method]

[0212] Referring to Example 2, ginger rhizomes and / or galangal rhizomes were taken, and the extraction conditions were as follows: solid-liquid ratio was 1:40, extraction time was 2 h, solvent ratio (ethyl acetate: ethanol = 1:1), and extraction times were 3 times.

[0213] Embodiment 12 [Ginger, sand ginger extraction method]

[0214] Referring to Example 2, ginger rhizomes and / or galangal rhizomes were taken, and the extraction conditions were as follows: solid-liquid ratio was 1:20, extraction time was 2 h, solvent ratio (ethyl acetate: ethanol = 1:1), and extraction times were 3 times.

[0215] Embodiment 13 [Ginger, Sand ginger extraction method]

[0216] Referring to Example 2, ginger rhizomes and / or galangal rhizomes were taken, and the extraction conditions were as follows: solid-liquid ratio was 1:60, extraction time was 2 h, solvent ratio (ethyl acetate: ethanol = 1:1), and extraction times were 3 times.

[0217] Embodiment 14 [Ginger, sand ginger extraction method]

[0218] Referring to Example 2, ginger rhizomes and / or galangal rhizomes were taken, and the extraction conditions were as follows: solid-liquid ratio was 1:40, extraction time was 2 h, solvent ratio (ethyl acetate: ethanol = 1:2), and extraction times were 3 times.

[0219] Embodiment 16 [Ginger, galangal volatile oil extraction method]

[0220] Referring to Example 3, ginger rhizomes and / or galangal rhizomes were taken, and the extraction conditions were as follows: the solid-liquid ratio was 1:40, the distillation time was 5 h, and the amount of sodium chloride was 2%.

[0221] Embodiment 17 [Ginger, galangal volatile oil extraction method]

[0222] Referring to Example 3, ginger rhizomes and / or galangal rhizomes were taken, and the extraction conditions were as follows: the solid-liquid ratio was 1:60, the distillation time was 5 h, and the amount of sodium chloride was 2%.

[0223] Embodiment 18 [Ginger, galangal volatile oil extraction method]

[0224] Referring to Example 3, ginger rhizomes and / or galangal rhizomes were taken, and the extraction conditions were as follows: the solid-liquid ratio was 1:20, the distillation time was 3 h, and the amount of sodium chloride was 2%.

[0225] Embodiment 19 [Ginger, galangal volatile oil extraction method]

[0226] Referring to Example 3, ginger rhizomes and / or galangal rhizomes were taken, and the extraction conditions were as follows: the solid-liquid ratio was 1:20, the distillation time was 7 h, and the amount of sodium chloride was 2%.

[0227] Embodiment 20 [Ginger, galangal volatile oil extraction method]

[0228] Referring to Example 3, ginger rhizomes and / or galangal rhizomes were taken, and the extraction conditions were as follows: the solid-liquid ratio was 1:20, the distillation time was 5 h, and the amount of sodium chloride was 4%.

[0229] Embodiment 21 [Ginger, galangal volatile oil extraction method]

[0230] Referring to Example 3, ginger rhizomes and / or galangal rhizomes were taken, and the extraction conditions were as follows: the solid-liquid ratio was 1:20, the distillation time was 5 h, and the amount of sodium chloride was 6%.

[0231] Embodiment 22 [Ginger, galangal volatile oil extraction method]

[0232] Referring to Example 3, ginger rhizomes and / or galangal rhizomes were taken, and the extraction conditions were as follows: the solid-liquid ratio was 1:40, the distillation time was 3 h, and the amount of sodium chloride was 2%.

[0233] Embodiment 22 [Ginger, galangal volatile oil extraction method]

[0234] Referring to Example 3, ginger rhizomes and / or galangal rhizomes were taken, and the extraction conditions were as follows: the solid-liquid ratio was 1:40, the distillation time was 7 h, and the amount of sodium chloride was 2%.

[0235] Embodiment 23 [Ginger, galangal volatile oil extraction method]

[0236] Referring to Example 3, ginger rhizomes and / or galangal rhizomes were taken, and the extraction conditions were as follows: the solid-liquid ratio was 1:40, the distillation time was 7 h, and the amount of sodium chloride was 4%.

[0237] Embodiment 24 [Ginger, galangal volatile oil extraction method]

[0238] Referring to Example 3, ginger rhizomes and / or galangal rhizomes were taken, and the extraction conditions were as follows: the solid-liquid ratio was 1:40, the distillation time was 7 h, and the amount of sodium chloride was 6%.

[0239] Example 25 [Analysis of extract components]

[0240] The best extract combination of Example 4 (ginger extract and galangal volatile oil = 7:3) was fully scanned by gas phase tandem mass spectrometry and compared with the existing database. The specific conditions were: a chromatographic column HP-5MS capillary column (30m×250μmx0.25μm) was selected; the column temperature was 60°C, the temperature program was: 60°C for 1min, 40-120°C for 0min, 5-310°C for 0min, running for 40.5 minutes, the injection port temperature was 280°C, and the auxiliary heater was 280°C; no splitting, the ion source temperature was 280°C, and the scanning type was: MS2 scanning.

[0241] Table 10 GC-MS component analysis of ginger and galangal combined extract

[0242]

[0243]

[0244] Note: The compounds in the above table are obtained by comparison and analysis using Agilent NIST MS Search 2.3 search program.

[0245] Embodiment 26

[0246] Based on the ginger extract and galangal volatile oil under the extraction conditions in Example 3, a ginger and galangal mixture was prepared in a ratio of 7:3, and was compounded with α-gingerene, ginger ketone, α-curcumene, 5-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-decanone, and 1-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propan-2-yl(2-fluoroethyl)sulfite (purity greater than 85%) analyzed and identified in the aforementioned examples, respectively, and based on the experimental method of Example 1, the control effect on adult mites of Tetranychus cinnabarinus was investigated.

[0247] Among them, Bliss, based on the concept of independent combined action proposed by him, believes that the theoretical mortality rate P of mixed insecticides and acaricides can be calculated by the following formula:

[0248] P=Pm+Pn(1-Pm)

[0249] Pm is the target mortality rate (%) when the concentration of the first active component is m; Pn is the target mortality rate (%) when the concentration of the second active component is n.

[0250] If the actual mortality rate of the target after the two active components are mixed at a certain concentration is greater than the theoretical mortality rate P, it is determined that the two active components have a synergistic effect when mixed at the set concentration, otherwise it is an antagonistic effect.

[0251] Table 10

[0252]

[0253]

[0254] As shown in the table above, α-curcumene, 5-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-decanone, 1-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propan-2-yl(2-fluoroethyl)sulfite, when mixed with ginger and galangal, have a synergistic effect on the prevention and treatment of adult mites of Tetranychus cinnabarinus. However, α-gingerene and zingerone do not produce a synergistic effect when mixed with ginger and galangal.

Claims

1. Application of Zingiberaceae plant extracts in killing and / or controlling pests, and / or repelling pests, and / or preventing or reducing pest egg laying, and / or preventing or reducing the hatching of pest eggs; the Zingiberaceae plant is selected from one or a combination of two or more of ginger, including ginger, galangal, zingiber officinale, and Zingiber officinale; the extract is selected from one or a combination of two or more of volatile oil, water extract, ethanol extract, ethyl acetate extract, and methanol extract; the extract can be obtained by extracting one Zingiberaceae plant alone or extracting two or more Zingiberaceae plants together; the pest is selected from insects of Thripidae, and / or Tetranychus, and / or Tenebriocarpus, and / or Psoralea, and / or Tarsonema, and / or Pseudocycetidae, and / or Chrysopidae, and / or Carnivorous Mite, and / or Sarcoptes, and / or Psoralea, and / or Pseudocycetidae, and / or Pseudocycetidae, and / or 2. The use according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pests are selected from one or more of flower thrips, tobacco thrips, bean thrips, rice thrips, yellow-breasted thrips, palm thrips, western flower thrips, melon thrips, loquat thrips, sugarcane thrips, grass thrips, tea yellow hard thrips, greenhouse thrips, tea yellow thrips, six-spotted thrips, white pine small clawed mite, larch small clawed mite, carmine small clawed mite, white spider mite, white wax spider mite, camellia spider mite, vegetable spider mite, bean spider mite, two-spotted spider mite, cinnabarin spider mite, citrus split claw mite, bamboo split claw mite, long split claw mite, fig sym-claw mite, citrus sym-claw mite, citrus panonychus mite, Carson's panonychus mite, bamboo heteroonychus mite, Wuyi heteroonychus mite, bamboo elk mite, Georgia monoonychus mite, spiked secondary claw mite, hawthorn double spider mite, scabies, powder mite, and dust mite.

3. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ginger plant extract is selected from one of ginger rhizome extract and zingiber officinale rhizome extract, or is selected from a mixture of ginger rhizome extract and zingiber officinale rhizome extract in a ratio of 1-9:9-1.

4. An insecticidal composition, characterized in that: The invention comprises a mixture of ginger rhizome extract and galangal rhizome extract, wherein the ratio of ginger rhizome extract to galangal rhizome extract is 1-9:9-1, wherein the ginger rhizome extract is obtained by extracting the ginger rhizome with ethanol:ethyl acetate in a ratio of 1-4:1; and the galangal rhizome extract is volatile oil from the galangal rhizome.

5. The insecticidal composition according to claim 4, characterized in that The ratio of ginger rhizome extract to galangal rhizome extract is 7-9:3-1.

6. The insecticidal composition according to claim 4, characterized in that The ratio of ginger rhizome extract to galangal rhizome extract is 7:

3.

7. The insecticidal composition according to claim 4, characterized in that In the composition, the mixture of the ginger rhizome extract and the galangal rhizome extract accounts for 0.1 to 100% of the composition.

8. The insecticidal composition according to claim 4, characterized in that: The composition further comprises a solvent; the total concentration of the mixture of the ginger rhizome extract and the galangal rhizome extract is above 0.1 mg / mL.

9. The insecticidal composition according to claim 4, characterized in that: The composition further comprises a solvent; the total concentration of the mixture of the ginger rhizome extract and the galangal rhizome extract is 0.1-1000 mg / mL.

10. The insecticidal composition according to claim 4, characterized in that: The composition, in addition to the mixture, further comprises one or more of α-curcumene, 5-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-decanone, and 1-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propan-2-yl(2-fluoroethyl)sulfite.

11. The insecticidal composition according to claim 4, characterized in that: The dosage forms of the composition include soluble powder, soluble granules, soluble solution, dispersible liquid, aqueous emulsion, microemulsion, microcapsule suspension, seed treatment liquid and aerosol.

12. A method for killing and / or controlling pests, and / or repelling pests, and / or preventing or reducing pest egg laying, and / or preventing or reducing the hatching of pest eggs, comprising exposing the pests and / or pest eggs to the pesticidal composition according to any one of claims 4 to 11.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that The pests are selected from one or more of Thysanoptera, Hemiptera, Lepidoptera, Tetranychus, Tenuipalpidae, Tarsonema, Pygeidae, Leaf-clawed Mites, Carnivorous Mites, Sarcoptera, Powderyngidae, and Dust Mites.

14. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that The pests are selected from the group consisting of flower thrips, tobacco thrips, bean thrips, rice thrips, yellow-breasted thrips, palm thrips, western flower thrips, melon thrips, loquat thrips, sugarcane thrips, grass thrips, tea yellow hard thrips, greenhouse thrips, tea yellow thrips, six-spotted thrips, rice leaf roller, beet armyworm, Spodoptera litura, peach borer, cotton bollworm, diamondback moth, melon borer, bean pod borer, Bemisia tabaci, greenhouse whitefly, black thorn whitefly, citrus whitefly, mulberry whitefly, rice whitefly, spiral whitefly, white pine claw mite, larch claw mite Mites, carmine spider mites, white spider mites, white wax spider mites, camellia spider mites, cabbage spider mites, bean spider mites, two-spotted spider mites, cinnabar spider mites, citrus split-clawed mites, bamboo split-clawed mites, long-clawed mites, fig synonychus mites, citrus synonychus mites, citrus panonychus mites, carinii panonychus mites, bamboo heteroonychus mites, Wuyi heteroonychus mites, bamboo elk mites, Georgia monoonychus mites, spiked secondary claw mites, hawthorn double spider mites, pear psyllids, leafhoppers, leafminers, Chinese lacewings, red fire ants, termites, heartworms, mosquitoes, flies, flies, fleas, etc.

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