Personalized acetabulum positioning guide plate for total hip replacement surgery and design method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a personalized total hip replacement surgery acetabulum positioning guide plate and a design method thereof, the acetabulum positioning guide plate comprises a first acetabulum guide plate and a second acetabulum guide plate, and the first acetabulum guide plate is matched with an acetabular fossa in a three-jaw positioning mode. According to the acetabulum positioning guide plate, the optimal implant reference surface of a prosthesis is determined on the basis of the optimal anterior angle and the optimal abduction angle of acetabular cup implantation, and the positioning guide plate is modeled and designed on the basis of the optimal implant reference surface of the prosthesis, so that the precision and the reliability of matching of the guide plate and an acetabular fossa are greatly improved, and the acetabulum positioning guide plate is convenient to mount in an operation; besides, by means of the design of the positioning guide plate, the kirschner wire punching position is optimized, and the problem that due to the fact that many soft tissue hinders exist around the acetabular margin, the exposed area is limited in the anterior surgery, and operation is inconvenient in the surgery is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of medical devices, and in particular to a personalized acetabulum positioning guide plate for total hip replacement surgery and a design method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Total hip replacement is an important means of treating end-stage osteoarthritis of the hip, functional dysplasia, and avascular necrosis of the femoral head. It is usually used clinically to restore the patient's joint movement function. One of the key factors affecting the treatment effect of this surgery is whether the prosthesis can be accurately implanted according to the optimal implantation angle calculated before the operation, so that the patient can restore normal movement ability and biomechanical properties after the operation, such as the hip joint limit range of motion, the contact characteristics between the prosthesis and the bone, etc. The accuracy of the implantation angle directly affects the recovery effect of the operation. If the implantation angle of the prosthesis is too different from the preoperative planning, it may cause dislocation in the short term after the operation or severe wear of the prosthesis and bone for a period of time, and the patient has to undergo treatment again. Therefore, based on the CT data of each patient, the optimal anteversion angle and abduction angle of the acetabular cup implantation are planned before the operation, and a personalized acetabular surgical guide is designed, which is of great reference significance for guiding doctors to perform acetabular grinding and prosthesis implantation during the operation.

[0003] After searching, the Chinese patent "Hip Joint Guide Device" with publication number CN207870928U includes a first guide member, a guide positioning member, a guide member and a second guide member; the first guide member is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the acetabulum, and the first guide member is provided with a pointing member for indicating a direction; the guide positioning member is used to position the first guide member; the guide member is used to position the guide positioning member, the guide member has an acetabulum matching portion and an extension portion, the acetabulum matching portion can be accommodated in the acetabulum to match the acetabulum, and the extension portion matches the outer peripheral surface of the acetabulum; the second guide member has a central axis, and an indicating member extends outward from the outer peripheral surface of the second guide member, and an indicating member is provided with an indicating member that matches the pointing member, the pointing member matches the indicating member, and the indicating direction of the pointing member is parallel to the central axis.

[0004] In actual use, we found that the above-mentioned hip joint guide device has the following problems:

[0005] 1. In this solution, a reference position is set at the edge of the acetabulum or the iliac crest to design the acetabulum matching part of the guide plate. However, the design point is simple and it is difficult to accurately achieve high-precision matching between the acetabulum matching part and the acetabular fossa.

[0006] 2. The first guide in this solution is located at the edge of the acetabulum, which requires additional peeling of a larger area at the edge of the acetabulum during surgery, increasing the patient's trauma area, increasing the surgical risk, and affecting the patient's recovery;

[0007] 3. The second guide member in this solution is directly mounted on pre-treatment instruments such as acetabular rasps and impactors or acetabular implant instruments. During surgery, the operating space of the instruments themselves is limited, and the additional installation of the second guide member will also increase the size of the wound and affect the doctor's surgical field of view. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes a personalized acetabulum positioning guide plate for total hip replacement surgery and a design method thereof.

[0009] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0010] The personalized acetabular positioning guide plate for total hip replacement surgery comprises a first acetabular guide plate and a second acetabular guide plate;

[0011] The first acetabular guide plate comprises an acetabular socket matching portion, a Kirschner wire guide arm and a positioning portion;

[0012] The acetabular socket matching part adopts a three-claw positioning method to match the acetabular socket, including a central cylinder and three positioning arms distributed around the central cylinder, which are divided into a horseshoe socket positioning arm matching the horseshoe socket, and a front superior positioning arm and a rear superior positioning arm located on both sides of the horseshoe socket positioning arm;

[0013] The Kirschner wire guide arm is located on the upper side of the acetabulum matching part, and one end is fixed to the acetabulum matching part, and the other end is a positioning part; at least two Kirschner wire guide holes are opened on the positioning part;

[0014] When the first acetabular guide plate is placed in the acetabular fossa, the central cylinder is axially perpendicular to the optimal implantation reference plane of the prosthesis, the lower surface of the positioning portion is 25cm-35cm away from the pelvis, and the axial direction of the Kirschner wire guide hole points to the Kirschner wire insertion position in the pelvis, and the Kirschner wire insertion position is 2-3mm from the outer edge of the acetabular fossa;

[0015] The second acetabulum guide plate comprises a main body and a Kirschner wire guide portion located on the side of the main body; the main body is provided with at least two Kirschner wire insertion holes, and the Kirschner wire guide portion is provided with a Kirschner wire guide hole;

[0016] After the first Kirschner wire is driven into the pelvis according to the Kirschner wire guide hole, the first acetabulum guide plate can be moved out of the acetabulum along the first Kirschner wire, and the second acetabulum guide plate can be inserted onto the first Kirschner wire through the Kirschner wire insertion hole. At this time, the axial direction of the Kirschner wire guide hole is perpendicular to the optimal implantation reference plane of the prosthesis. By inserting the second Kirschner wire into the Kirschner wire guide hole, the second Kirschner wire can be used to accurately transmit the optimal implantation anteversion angle and abduction angle of the prosthesis.

[0017] Furthermore, the optimal implantation reference plane of the prosthesis is obtained by rotating the initial reference plane according to the optimal anteversion angle and the optimal abduction angle of the acetabular cup implantation; the initial reference plane is the cross section of the hip joint adjusted to the neutral position of the joint.

[0018] Furthermore, the diameter of the Kirschner wire guide hole, the diameter of the Kirschner wire insertion hole and the diameter of the Kirschner wire guide hole are all the same as the outer diameter of the Kirschner wire, and clearance fit is achieved through tolerance design.

[0019] Furthermore, when the total hip replacement surgery adopts the posterior approach surgery, the direction of the anterior superior positioning arm is toward the Kirschner wire insertion position set in the total hip replacement surgery; one end of the Kirschner wire guide arm is fixed to the middle part of the upper side of the anterior superior positioning arm, and the direction of the Kirschner wire guide arm is the same as that of the anterior superior positioning arm;

[0020] When the total hip replacement surgery adopts the anterior approach surgery, the direction of the anterior superior positioning arm is toward the opposite direction of the Kirschner wire insertion position set in the total hip replacement surgery; one end of the Kirschner wire guide arm is fixed to the upper end surface of the central cylinder, and the direction of the Kirschner wire guide arm is opposite to the direction of the anterior superior positioning arm.

[0021] Furthermore, the first acetabulum guide plate is designed according to the total hip replacement surgery requirements of the patient and is integrally formed.

[0022] A method for designing a personalized acetabular positioning guide for total hip replacement surgery comprises the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: Perform three-dimensional reconstruction of the patient's bilateral hip joints based on the patient's CT images, obtain a three-dimensional model of the patient's hip joint (including the hip bone and femur), and adjust the three-dimensional model of the hip joint to the neutral position of the joint;

[0024] Step 2: In the three-dimensional model software, for the three-dimensional model of the hip joint that has been adjusted to the neutral position of the joint in step 1, take the cross section thereof as the initial reference plane, rotate the initial reference plane according to the optimal anteversion angle and the optimal abduction angle of the acetabular cup implantation, and obtain the rotated reference plane as the optimal implantation reference plane of the prosthesis; the optimal anteversion angle and the optimal abduction angle are obtained by the following steps:

[0025] Step 2.1: Create a prosthesis model to be implanted in a three-dimensional modeling software;

[0026] Step 2.2: According to the set anteversion angle range and abduction angle range, select several pairs of anteversion angle and abduction angle point values ​​within the range;

[0027] For a pair of angle point values, the prosthesis model is assembled in the hip joint bone model with the pair of angle point values, and human motion simulation is performed. According to the motion simulation process, it is judged whether: 1. the acetabular prosthesis and the femoral prosthesis collide; 2. the hip bone and the femoral prosthesis collide; 3. the hip bone and the femur collide; if no collision occurs, the pair of angle point values ​​is considered to be safe angle point values;

[0028] Repeat the above process to obtain a safe angle point value set consisting of several pairs of safe angle point values; take the median point value of the safe angle point value set as the optimal anteversion angle and the optimal abduction angle;

[0029] Step 3: Model the first acetabular guide plate according to the optimal implantation reference plane of the prosthesis obtained in step 2, and model the second acetabular guide plate according to the design requirements.

[0030] Furthermore, in step 3, the process of modeling the first acetabular guide plate is as follows:

[0031] Step 3.1: In the 3D model software, draw a central cylinder with the optimal implantation reference plane of the prosthesis as the sketch plane, and the geometric center of the cylinder is set at the rotation center of the acetabulum;

[0032] Step 3.2: On the side of the central cylinder, in the direction of the horseshoe fossa and both sides of the horseshoe fossa, the inner end planes of the horseshoe fossa positioning arm, the front superior positioning arm and the rear superior positioning arm are respectively established, and based on the inner end planes in the direction of the horseshoe fossa and both sides of the horseshoe fossa, spline curves are respectively drawn to obtain the middle parts of the horseshoe fossa positioning arm, the front superior positioning arm and the rear superior positioning arm, and the end planes of the middle parts are stretched to the horseshoe fossa inside the acetabulum and both sides of the horseshoe fossa to completely fit with the bone surface;

[0033] If the total hip replacement surgery adopts the posterior approach, the direction of the anterior superior positioning arm is toward the Kirschner wire insertion position set in the total hip replacement surgery; if the total hip replacement surgery adopts the anterior approach, the direction of the anterior superior positioning arm is toward the opposite direction of the Kirschner wire insertion position set in the total hip replacement surgery;

[0034] Step 3.3: A Kirschner wire guide arm is established on the middle of the front superior positioning arm or the upper end surface of the central cylinder, and the end of the Kirschner wire guide arm is connected to the positioning part;

[0035] If the total hip replacement surgery adopts a posterior approach, one end of the Kirschner wire guide arm is fixed to the middle part of the upper side of the anterior superior positioning arm, and the direction of the Kirschner wire guide arm is the same as that of the anterior superior positioning arm;

[0036] If the total hip replacement surgery adopts an anterior approach surgery, one end of the Kirschner wire guide arm is fixed to the upper end surface of the central cylinder, and the direction of the Kirschner wire guide arm is opposite to the direction of the anterior superior positioning arm;

[0037] Step 3.4: Create a tweezers groove on the upper end surface of the central cylinder, and create a reinforcing rib on the lower side of the middle part of the front upper positioning arm.

[0038] Beneficial Effects

[0039] In the personalized acetabulum positioning guide for total hip replacement surgery and the design method thereof proposed in the present invention, the optimal anteversion angle and the optimal abduction angle of the acetabular cup implantation are used as the basis to determine the optimal implantation reference plane of the prosthesis, and the positioning guide plate modeling and design are performed based on the optimal implantation reference plane of the prosthesis, which greatly improves the accuracy and reliability of the fit between the guide plate and the acetabulum and is easy to install during the operation; in addition, the positioning guide plate design is used to optimize the insertion position of the Kirschner wire, which solves the problem of inconvenience in intraoperative operation due to the limited exposure area in anterior surgery caused by a lot of soft tissue obstructions around the acetabular rim.

[0040] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0042] Figure 1 :Hip joint three-dimensional model processing; (a) joint three-dimensional reconstruction, (b) preoperative joint neutral position;

[0043] Figure 2 : Establishing the best implantation reference plane for the prosthesis; (a) 0° reference plane, (b) rotating to obtain the best implantation reference plane for the prosthesis;

[0044] Figure 3 : Schematic diagram of the first acetabular guide plate assembly;

[0045] Figure 4 : Schematic diagram of the first acetabular guide;

[0046] Figure 5 : Schematic diagram of the second acetabular guide plate assembly;

[0047] Figure 6 : Schematic diagram of the second acetabular guide. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. The embodiments are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0049] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0050] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0051] In view of the current requirements for accuracy and ease of operation of acetabular prosthesis implantation in total hip replacement surgery, this embodiment proposes a personalized acetabular positioning guide plate for total hip replacement surgery and a design method thereof.

[0052] The personalized acetabulum positioning guide for total hip replacement surgery in this embodiment includes a first acetabulum guide and a second acetabulum guide.

[0053] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the first acetabular guide plate includes an acetabular socket matching portion, a Kirschner wire guide arm and a positioning portion. It is designed according to the total hip replacement surgery requirements of the patient and is integrally formed by 3D printing using a biocompatible guide plate resin material.

[0054] The acetabular socket matching part adopts a three-claw positioning method to match the acetabular socket, including a central cylinder and three positioning arms distributed around the central cylinder, which are divided into a horseshoe socket positioning arm that matches the horseshoe socket, and anterior superior positioning arms and posterior superior positioning arms located on both sides of the horseshoe socket positioning arms. This positioning method can make the guide plate firmly fixed left and right in the acetabulum without any rotation by determining the positioning reference on the horseshoe socket side. It is a great improvement over other guide plates on the market that use the outer edge of the acetabulum for positioning. Then, by using two positioning arms determined at approximately 120° on both sides of the horseshoe socket, the first acetabular guide plate can be firmly positioned up and down in the acetabular socket, with a determined and unique position, and will not cause implantation angle deviation due to improper installation.

[0055] The Kirschner wire guide arm is located on the upper side of the acetabulum matching part, and one end is fixed to the acetabulum matching part, and the other end is a positioning part; at least two Kirschner wire guide holes are opened on the positioning part.

[0056] When different surgical methods are used, the specific arrangement of the anterior superior positioning arm and the K-wire guide arm is different:

[0057] When total hip replacement surgery adopts a posterior approach, the direction of the anterior superior positioning arm is toward the Kirschner wire insertion position set in the total hip replacement surgery; one end of the Kirschner wire guide arm is fixed to the middle part of the upper side of the anterior superior positioning arm, and the direction of the Kirschner wire guide arm is the same as that of the anterior superior positioning arm.

[0058] When the total hip replacement surgery adopts the anterior approach surgery, the direction of the anterior superior positioning arm is toward the opposite direction of the Kirschner wire insertion position set in the total hip replacement surgery; one end of the Kirschner wire guide arm is fixed to the upper end surface of the central cylinder, and the direction of the Kirschner wire guide arm is opposite to the direction of the anterior superior positioning arm.

[0059] like Figure 3 As shown, when the first acetabular guide plate is placed in the acetabular socket, the central cylinder is axially perpendicular to the optimal implantation reference plane of the prosthesis, which is achieved through a subsequent specific modeling and design method, wherein the optimal implantation reference plane of the prosthesis is obtained by rotating the initial reference plane according to the optimal anteversion angle and the optimal abduction angle of the acetabular cup implantation; the initial reference plane is the cross-section of the hip joint adjusted to the neutral position of the joint, and the method for determining the optimal anteversion angle and the optimal abduction angle is described in the subsequent design method.

[0060] like Figure 3 As shown, the distance between the lower surface of the positioning part and the pelvis is 25cm-35cm. This distance is very important. If the distance is too short, it may be blocked by the flesh during the operation, so that the first acetabular guide plate cannot be normally placed in the acetabular socket. If the distance is too long, the surgical operation cannot be performed.

[0061] like Figure 3 As shown, the axial direction of the Kirschner wire guide hole points to the Kirschner wire insertion position in the pelvis, and the Kirschner wire insertion position is 2mm-3mm from the outer edge of the acetabulum. In this way, the Kirschner wire will not be blocked by soft tissue and the direction of the Kirschner wire will be parallel to the pelvic insertion surface, resulting in a situation where it cannot be fixed. The Kirschner wire fixed in this way is not only accurately and securely positioned on the pelvis, but also can cooperate with the second guide plate of the acetabulum to accurately transmit the optimal implantation anteversion angle and abduction angle of the prosthesis.

[0062] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the second acetabulum guide plate includes a main body and a Kirschner wire guide portion located on the side of the main body; the main body is provided with at least two Kirschner wire insertion holes, and the Kirschner wire guide portion is provided with a Kirschner wire guide hole.

[0063] After the first Kirschner wire is driven into the pelvis according to the Kirschner wire guide hole, the first acetabulum guide plate can be moved out of the acetabulum along the first Kirschner wire, and the second acetabulum guide plate can be inserted onto the first Kirschner wire through the Kirschner wire insertion hole. At this time, the axial direction of the Kirschner wire guide hole is perpendicular to the optimal implantation reference plane of the prosthesis. By inserting the second Kirschner wire into the Kirschner wire guide hole, the second Kirschner wire can be used to accurately transmit the optimal implantation anteversion angle and abduction angle of the prosthesis.

[0064] In order to facilitate operation and determine the accuracy of the angle, the diameter of the Kirschner wire guide hole, the diameter of the Kirschner wire insertion hole and the diameter of the Kirschner wire guide hole are all the same as the outer diameter of the Kirschner wire, and clearance fit is achieved through tolerance design.

[0065] The following describes a method for designing a personalized acetabular positioning guide for total hip replacement surgery, including the following steps:

[0066] Step 1: Perform 3D reconstruction of the patient's bilateral hip joints based on the patient's CT images, obtain the patient's hip joint (including hip bone and femur) 3D model, and adjust the hip joint 3D model to the joint neutral position, such as Figure 1 As shown;

[0067] Step 2: In a three-dimensional model software, such as SolidWorks software, for the three-dimensional model of the hip joint that has been adjusted to the neutral position of the joint in step 1, take the cross section thereof as the initial reference plane, that is, the reference plane marking 0° anteversion angle and 0° abduction angle, rotate the initial reference plane according to the optimal anteversion angle and optimal abduction angle of acetabular cup implantation, and obtain the rotated reference plane as the optimal implantation reference plane of the prosthesis. Subsequently, the acetabular guide plate is modeled based on the optimal implantation reference plane of the prosthesis; the optimal anteversion angle and the optimal abduction angle are obtained by the following steps:

[0068] Step 2.1: Create a prosthesis model to be implanted in a three-dimensional modeling software;

[0069] Step 2.2: According to the set anteversion angle range and abduction angle range, select several pairs of anteversion angle and abduction angle point values ​​within the range;

[0070] For a pair of angle point values, the prosthesis model is assembled in the hip joint bone model with the pair of angle point values, and human motion simulation is performed. According to the motion simulation process, it is judged whether: 1. the acetabular prosthesis and the femoral prosthesis collide; 2. the hip bone and the femoral prosthesis collide; 3. the hip bone and the femur collide; if no collision occurs, the pair of angle point values ​​is considered to be safe angle point values;

[0071] Repeat the above process to obtain a safe angle point value set consisting of several pairs of safe angle point values; take the median point value of the safe angle point value set as the optimal anteversion angle and the optimal abduction angle;

[0072] Step 3: Model the first acetabular guide plate according to the optimal implantation reference plane of the prosthesis obtained in step 2, and model the second acetabular guide plate according to the design requirements.

[0073] The process of modeling the first acetabular guide plate is as follows:

[0074] Step 3.1: In the 3D model software, draw a central cylinder with the optimal implantation reference plane of the prosthesis as the sketch plane, and the geometric center of the cylinder is set at the rotation center of the acetabulum;

[0075] Step 3.2: On the side of the central cylinder, in the direction of the horseshoe fossa and both sides of the horseshoe fossa, the inner end planes of the horseshoe fossa positioning arm, the front superior positioning arm and the rear superior positioning arm are respectively established, and based on the inner end planes in the direction of the horseshoe fossa and both sides of the horseshoe fossa, spline curves are respectively drawn to obtain the middle parts of the horseshoe fossa positioning arm, the front superior positioning arm and the rear superior positioning arm, and the end planes of the middle parts are stretched to the horseshoe fossa inside the acetabulum and both sides of the horseshoe fossa to completely fit with the bone surface;

[0076] If the total hip replacement surgery adopts the posterior approach, the direction of the anterior superior positioning arm is toward the Kirschner wire insertion position set in the total hip replacement surgery; if the total hip replacement surgery adopts the anterior approach, the direction of the anterior superior positioning arm is toward the opposite direction of the Kirschner wire insertion position set in the total hip replacement surgery;

[0077] Step 3.3: A Kirschner wire guide arm is established on the middle of the front superior positioning arm or the upper end surface of the central cylinder, and the end of the Kirschner wire guide arm is connected to the positioning part;

[0078] If the total hip replacement surgery adopts a posterior approach, one end of the Kirschner wire guide arm is fixed to the middle part of the upper side of the anterior superior positioning arm, and the direction of the Kirschner wire guide arm is the same as that of the anterior superior positioning arm;

[0079] If the total hip replacement surgery adopts an anterior approach surgery, one end of the Kirschner wire guide arm is fixed to the upper end surface of the central cylinder, and the direction of the Kirschner wire guide arm is opposite to the direction of the anterior superior positioning arm;

[0080] Step 3.4: Create a tweezers groove on the upper end surface of the central cylinder, and create a reinforcing rib on the lower side of the middle part of the front upper positioning arm.

[0081] Through the above method, an acetabulum positioning guide that meets the requirements is finally obtained.

[0082] The present invention plans the optimal anteversion angle and abduction angle of acetabular prosthesis implantation based on the CT data of each patient before surgery, and establishes a personalized acetabular positioning guide, which plays an important role in implanting the prosthesis according to the patient's specific situation during surgery. Compared with the current method of doctors manually grinding the acetabulum, placing the prosthesis and visually observing the anteversion angle and abduction angle, the postoperative error is greatly reduced, which greatly improves the patient's rehabilitation effect and prevents complications such as postoperative dislocation, contact wear during exercise, and impact and sinking caused by low prosthesis matching.

[0083] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention without departing from the principles and intent of the present invention.

Claims

1. A personalized acetabular positioning guide for total hip replacement surgery, characterized by: It includes a first acetabular guide plate and a second acetabular guide plate; The first acetabular guide plate comprises an acetabular socket matching portion, a Kirschner wire guide arm and a positioning portion; The acetabular socket matching part adopts a three-claw positioning method to match the acetabular socket, including a central cylinder and three positioning arms distributed around the central cylinder, which are divided into a horseshoe socket positioning arm matching the horseshoe socket, and a front superior positioning arm and a rear superior positioning arm located on both sides of the horseshoe socket positioning arm; The Kirschner wire guide arm is located on the upper side of the acetabulum matching part, and one end is fixed to the acetabulum matching part, and the other end is a positioning part; at least two Kirschner wire guide holes are opened on the positioning part; When the first acetabular guide plate is placed in the acetabular fossa, the central cylinder is axially perpendicular to the optimal implantation reference plane of the prosthesis, the lower surface of the positioning portion is 25cm-35cm away from the pelvis, and the axial direction of the Kirschner wire guide hole points to the Kirschner wire insertion position in the pelvis, and the Kirschner wire insertion position is 2-3mm from the outer edge of the acetabular fossa; The second acetabulum guide plate comprises a main body and a Kirschner wire guide portion located on the side of the main body; the main body is provided with at least two Kirschner wire insertion holes, and the Kirschner wire guide portion is provided with a Kirschner wire guide hole; After the first Kirschner wire is driven into the pelvis according to the Kirschner wire guide hole, the first acetabulum guide plate can be moved out of the acetabulum along the first Kirschner wire, and the second acetabulum guide plate can be inserted onto the first Kirschner wire through the Kirschner wire insertion hole. At this time, the axial direction of the Kirschner wire guide hole is perpendicular to the optimal implantation reference plane of the prosthesis. By inserting the second Kirschner wire into the Kirschner wire guide hole, the second Kirschner wire can be used to accurately transmit the optimal implantation anteversion angle and abduction angle of the prosthesis.

2. According to claim 1, a personalized acetabular positioning guide for total hip replacement surgery, characterized in that: The optimal implantation reference plane of the prosthesis is obtained by rotating the initial reference plane according to the optimal anteversion angle and the optimal abduction angle of the acetabular cup implantation; the initial reference plane is the cross section of the hip joint adjusted to the neutral position of the joint.

3. According to claim 1, a personalized acetabular positioning guide for total hip replacement surgery, characterized in that: The diameter of the Kirschner wire guide hole, the diameter of the Kirschner wire insertion hole and the diameter of the Kirschner wire guide hole are all the same as the outer diameter of the Kirschner wire, and clearance fit is achieved through tolerance design.

4. The personalized acetabular positioning guide for total hip replacement surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the total hip replacement surgery adopts the posterior approach surgery, the direction of the anterior superior positioning arm is toward the Kirschner wire insertion position set in the total hip replacement surgery; one end of the Kirschner wire guide arm is fixed to the middle part of the upper side of the anterior superior positioning arm, and the direction of the Kirschner wire guide arm is the same as that of the anterior superior positioning arm; When the total hip replacement surgery adopts the anterior approach surgery, the direction of the anterior superior positioning arm is toward the opposite direction of the Kirschner wire insertion position set in the total hip replacement surgery; one end of the Kirschner wire guide arm is fixed to the upper end surface of the central cylinder, and the direction of the Kirschner wire guide arm is opposite to the direction of the anterior superior positioning arm.

5. The personalized acetabular positioning guide for total hip replacement surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first acetabulum guide plate is designed according to the total hip replacement surgery requirements of the patient and is integrally formed.

6. A method for designing a personalized acetabular positioning guide for total hip replacement surgery according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Perform three-dimensional reconstruction of the patient's bilateral hip joints based on the patient's CT images, obtain a three-dimensional model of the patient's hip joint (including the hip bone and femur), and adjust the three-dimensional model of the hip joint to the neutral position of the joint; Step 2: In the three-dimensional model software, for the three-dimensional model of the hip joint that has been adjusted to the neutral position of the joint in step 1, take the cross section thereof as the initial reference plane, rotate the initial reference plane according to the optimal anteversion angle and the optimal abduction angle of the acetabular cup implantation, and obtain the rotated reference plane as the optimal implantation reference plane of the prosthesis; the optimal anteversion angle and the optimal abduction angle are obtained by the following steps: Step 2.1: Create a prosthesis model to be implanted in a three-dimensional modeling software; Step 2.2: According to the set anteversion angle range and abduction angle range, select several pairs of anteversion angle and abduction angle point values ​​within the range; For a pair of angle point values, the prosthesis model is assembled in the hip joint bone model with the pair of angle point values, and human motion simulation is performed. According to the motion simulation process, it is judged whether:

1. the acetabular prosthesis and the femoral prosthesis collide; 2. the hip bone and the femoral prosthesis collide; 3. the hip bone and the femur collide; if no collision occurs, the pair of angle point values ​​is considered to be safe angle point values; Repeat the above process to obtain a safe angle point value set consisting of several pairs of safe angle point values; take the median point value of the safe angle point value set as the optimal anteversion angle and the optimal abduction angle; Step 3: Model the first acetabular guide plate according to the optimal implantation reference plane of the prosthesis obtained in step 2, and model the second acetabular guide plate according to the design requirements.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 3, the process of modeling the first acetabular guide is as follows: Step 3.1: In the 3D model software, draw a central cylinder with the optimal implantation reference plane of the prosthesis as the sketch plane, and the geometric center of the cylinder is set at the rotation center of the acetabulum; Step 3.2: On the side of the central cylinder, in the direction of the horseshoe fossa and both sides of the horseshoe fossa, the inner end planes of the horseshoe fossa positioning arm, the front superior positioning arm and the rear superior positioning arm are respectively established, and based on the inner end planes in the direction of the horseshoe fossa and both sides of the horseshoe fossa, spline curves are respectively drawn to obtain the middle parts of the horseshoe fossa positioning arm, the front superior positioning arm and the rear superior positioning arm, and the end planes of the middle parts are stretched to the horseshoe fossa inside the acetabulum and both sides of the horseshoe fossa to completely fit with the bone surface; If the total hip replacement surgery adopts the posterior approach, the direction of the anterior superior positioning arm is toward the Kirschner wire insertion position set in the total hip replacement surgery; if the total hip replacement surgery adopts the anterior approach, the direction of the anterior superior positioning arm is toward the opposite direction of the Kirschner wire insertion position set in the total hip replacement surgery; Step 3.3: A Kirschner wire guide arm is established on the middle of the front superior positioning arm or the upper end surface of the central cylinder, and the end of the Kirschner wire guide arm is connected to the positioning part; If the total hip replacement surgery adopts a posterior approach, one end of the Kirschner wire guide arm is fixed to the middle part of the upper side of the anterior superior positioning arm, and the direction of the Kirschner wire guide arm is the same as that of the anterior superior positioning arm; If the total hip replacement surgery adopts an anterior approach surgery, one end of the Kirschner wire guide arm is fixed to the upper end surface of the central cylinder, and the direction of the Kirschner wire guide arm is opposite to the direction of the anterior superior positioning arm; Step 3.4: Create a tweezers groove on the upper end surface of the central cylinder, and create a reinforcing rib on the lower side of the middle part of the front upper positioning arm.

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