Crushing treatment equipment and method for cotton stalk compost

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of cotton stalk crushing equipment, particularly relates to crushing treatment equipment and method for cotton stalk compost, and aims to solve the problem that feeding of cotton stalks is easy to block during cotton stalk crushing at present, the following scheme is provided: the crushing treatment equipment comprises a crushing case, and a crushing case feeding hole is formed in the top of the crushing case; a feeding machine box is hinged to the position, located at a feeding opening of the crushing machine box, of the crushing machine box, a horizontally-arranged top feeding hopper is fixed to the position, located at the top, of the interior of the crushing machine box, and an inner discharging pipeline is fixed to the position, located at the bottom, of the interior of the crushing machine box; crushing assemblies are arranged on the two sides of the inner discharging pipeline and the two sides of the top feeding hopper correspondingly. When cotton stalks are fed at the top of the crushing barrel, the two material pressing paddle driving shafts drive the material pressing paddles at the circumferential position to rotate, the steering engines in the material pressing paddle driving shafts adjust the deviation angles of the material pressing paddles, the cotton stalks entering the crushing barrel can be pressed downwards, and the feeding stability is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cotton stalk crushing equipment, and in particular to a crushing processing device and method for cotton stalk composting. Background Art

[0002] Cotton stalks are the stems left after cotton is harvested. They are an annual grass plant and are mainly composed of three parts: roots, stems and crowns. The stem structure includes the main trunk and branches, while the crown is composed of branches, leaves and cotton bolls (cotton wool). Cotton stalks have a high degree of lignification and are rich in bast fibers. They have high bulk density and calorific value, making them one of the important fuels for biomass power generation in my country. After the cotton is harvested, cotton stalks are usually abandoned in the fields. Due to environmental protection, they cannot be burned at will. The cotton stalks in the fields are now directly crushed and the collected cotton stalks are composted and fermented to make fertilizer and returned to the fields for fertilization.

[0003] For example, a Chinese patent document with publication number: CN206587825U discloses a cotton stalk crusher, including a casing, with a feed port at the upper end and a discharge port at the lower end; a feeding mechanism, including a conveyor belt arranged adjacent to the feed port, a conveyor shaft arranged in cooperation with the conveyor belt, and a first motor connected to the conveyor shaft; a rolling mechanism, including an upper rolling roller and a lower rolling roller arranged in cooperation with each other inside the casing, and a second motor driving the upper rolling roller; a crushing mechanism, including a crushing knife roller arranged inside the casing and below the lower rolling roller, a third motor driving the crushing knife roller, and a crushing movable knife arranged on the crushing knife roller. , a crushing fixed knife arranged inside the casing and a screen plate arranged below the crushing knife roller; a control mechanism, including a speed sensor and a controller arranged on the rolling upper roller and the crushing knife roller, the controller including an electrical signal receiving module, a comparison module and a driving module; the above-mentioned cotton stalk crusher has the following problems: in the cotton stalk crushing process, the cotton stalks are thicker branches and have more branches, and the cotton stalks piled together are complicated. In the crushing feeding process, the above-mentioned equipment cannot press the cotton stalks well to ensure the efficient crushing of the crushing equipment, and the existing technology is not easy to solve such problems. Therefore, there is an urgent need for cotton stalk composting crushing processing equipment and methods to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on the technical problem that cotton stalk feed is easily stuck when the cotton stalks are crushed, the present invention provides a crushing and processing device and method for cotton stalk composting.

[0005] The present invention provides a pulverizing and processing device and method for cotton stalk compost, comprising a pulverizing box, a pulverizing box feed port is provided on the top of the pulverizing box, a feed box is hingedly installed on the pulverizing box at the position of the pulverizing box feed port, a horizontally arranged top feed hopper is fixed at the top position inside the pulverizing box, an inner discharge pipe is fixed at the bottom position inside the pulverizing box, pulverizing components are provided at both sides of the inner discharge pipe and the top feed hopper, the pulverizing component comprises a pulverizing barrel fixed between the inner discharge pipe and the top feed hopper, a pulverizing ring groove is provided on the inner wall of the pulverizing barrel, a pulverizing cutter disc tooth ring is rotatably installed in the pulverizing ring groove inside the pulverizing barrel, a pulverizing cutter disc is fixed to the inner wall of the pulverizing cutter disc tooth ring by bolts, four fixing plates are provided around the pulverizing cutter disc, a pulverizing cutter groove is provided at the bottom of the four fixing plates, and a pulverizing blade is fixed to the pulverizing cutter groove by bolts.

[0006] Preferably, a crushing drive box is fixed to the outer wall of the crushing cylinder by bolts, a crushing drive motor is installed at the bottom of the crushing drive box, a crushing drive gear is fixed to the output shaft of the crushing drive motor, and the crushing drive gear is meshed with the circumferential position of the crushing cutter disc gear ring.

[0007] Preferably, two press assemblies are installed at the top of the crushing machine box, and the two press assemblies are aligned with the two crushing assemblies respectively. The press assembly includes a press paddle drive shaft installed on the top of the crushing machine box through a bearing, and three press paddles distributed in a circumferential array are installed on the bottom of the press paddle drive shaft through a bearing, and a servo is installed inside the press paddle drive shaft, and the output shaft of the servo is fixed to the rotating shaft of the press paddle.

[0008] Preferably, a driving top box is fixed on the top of the crushing machine box, a press driving motor is installed inside the driving top box, a driving shaft is fixed to the output shaft of the press driving motor, a press driving gear is installed between the two sides of the driving top box through a bearing, driving bevel gears are installed at the ends of the press driving gears, a driven bevel gear is fixed on the top of the press paddle driving shaft, the two driving bevel gears are respectively meshed with two corresponding driven bevel gears, a driven gear is fixed in the middle of the press driving gear, and the driven gear is meshed with the driving shaft.

[0009] Preferably, a feed bottom plate is hingedly mounted on the bottom of the feed box.

[0010] Preferably, a feeding bottom box is fixed to the bottom of the feed box by bolts, two electric push rods are hingedly installed between the bottom of the feeding bottom box and the crushing machine box, two feed rollers are installed inside the feed box through bearings, and array-distributed claw hooks are fixed to the outer walls of the two feed rollers.

[0011] Preferably, two press conveyor belt driving rollers are installed between the inner walls on both sides of the feed box through bearings, and a press conveyor belt is sleeved between the circumferential outer walls of the two press conveyor belt driving rollers; two feed conveyor belt driving rollers are installed between the inner walls on both sides of the feed bottom box through bearings, and a feed conveyor belt is sleeved between the circumferential outer walls of the two feed conveyor belt driving rollers.

[0012] Preferably, an inner discharge pipe is fixed to the bottom of the bottom discharge hopper by bolts, an outer discharge pipe is fixed to the outer wall of the crushing machine box corresponding to the inner discharge pipe, the outer discharge pipe is connected to the inner discharge pipe, and a dust collection box is installed in the middle of the outer discharge pipe.

[0013] Preferably, a blowing fan is installed at the bottom of the pulverizer box, a feeding air duct is installed at the top exhaust end of the blowing fan, and one end of the feeding air duct is connected and fixed to the end of the inner discharge pipe.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] 1. The crushing and processing equipment and method for cotton stalk composting, when the cotton stalk is located at the top of the crushing cylinder for feeding, two pressing paddle driving shafts drive the pressing paddles at the circumferential position to rotate, and the steering gear inside the pressing paddle driving shaft adjusts the offset angle of the pressing paddle, which can press the cotton stalk entering the crushing cylinder downward to ensure the stability of feeding.

[0016] 2. The crushing and processing equipment and method of cotton stalk composting are as follows: the cotton stalks are put into the inside of the feed bottom plate, and the cotton stalks are fed into the inside of the feed box. The feed roller rotates to convey the cotton stalks upward along the feeding conveyor belt. During the conveying process, the pressing conveyor belt breaks the branches around the main trunk of the cotton stalks and flattens the cotton stalks. During the feeding process, the cotton stalk conveyor belt is crushed into the inside of the box.

[0017] 3. The crushing and processing equipment and method for cotton stalk composting, the crushed cotton stalks enter the bottom discharge hopper, and the crushed cotton stalks gathered in the bottom discharge hopper are discharged through the inner discharge pipe and the outer discharge pipe. During the discharge process, the discharge fan works to generate a high-speed airflow that enters the inner discharge pipe through the feed air duct, thereby increasing the discharge speed of the crushed cotton stalks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a cotton stalk compost crushing processing device and method provided by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the other side of the overall structure of a cotton stalk compost crushing processing device and method proposed by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3A schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a feeder box of a cotton stalk compost crushing processing device and method proposed by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of a crushing machine box of a cotton stalk compost crushing processing device and method proposed by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a discharge fan of a cotton stalk compost crushing processing device and method proposed by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a driving top box of a cotton stalk compost crushing processing device and method proposed by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a pulverizing turntable of a cotton stalk compost pulverizing processing device and method.

[0025] In the figure: 1. Crusher box; 2. Feeder box; 3. Dust collector box; 4. Outlet pipe; 5. Drive top box; 6. Feeder bottom box; 7. Electric push rod; 8. Feeder bottom plate; 9. Feeder roller; 10. Crusher box feed port; 11. Pressing conveyor belt; 12. Feeder conveyor belt; 13. Feeder conveyor belt drive roller; 14. Pressing conveyor belt drive roller; 15. Blower; 16. Bottom discharge hopper; 17. Inner discharge pipe 18. Crushing cylinder; 19. Push-in hopper; 20. Pressing paddle; 21. Pressing paddle drive shaft; 22. Feeding air duct; 23. Crushing drive motor; 24. Crushing drive box; 25. Driven bevel gear; 26. Drive bevel gear; 27. Drive shaft; 28. Pressing drive gear; 29. ​​Driven gear; 30. Pressing drive motor; 31. Crushing cutter disc; 32. Crushing cutter disc gear ring; 33. Crushing cutter groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Reference Figure 1-Figure 7A comminution processing device and method for cotton stalk composting, comprising a comminution box 1, a comminution box feed port 10 is provided on the top of the comminution box 1, a feed box 2 is hingedly installed on the comminution box 1 at the position of the comminution box feed port 10, a horizontally arranged top feed hopper 19 is fixed at the top position inside the comminution box 1, an inner discharge pipe 17 is fixed at the bottom position inside the comminution box 1, comminution components are provided on both sides of the inner discharge pipe 17 and the top feed hopper 19, the comminution component comprises a comminution barrel 18 fixed between the inner discharge pipe 17 and the top feed hopper 19, a comminution ring groove is provided on the inner wall of the comminution barrel 18, a comminution cutter disc tooth ring 32 is rotatably installed in the comminution ring groove inside the comminution barrel 18, a comminution cutter disc 31 is fixed to the inner wall of the comminution cutter disc tooth ring 32 by bolts, four fixed plates are provided around the comminution cutter disc 31, the bottom of the four fixed plates are provided with comminution cutter grooves 33, and comminution cutter blades are fixed to the comminution cutter grooves 33 by bolts.

[0027] Furthermore, a crushing drive box 24 is fixed to the outer wall of the crushing cylinder 18 by bolts, a crushing drive motor 23 is installed at the bottom of the crushing drive box 24, and a crushing drive gear is fixed to the output shaft of the crushing drive motor 23, which is meshed with the circumferential position of the crushing cutter disc gear ring 32.

[0028] Furthermore, two pressing assemblies are installed at the top of the crushing machine box 1, and the two pressing assemblies are aligned with the two crushing assemblies respectively. The pressing assembly includes a pressing paddle drive shaft 21 installed on the top of the crushing machine box 1 through a bearing, and three pressing paddles 20 distributed in a circumferential array are installed at the bottom of the pressing paddle drive shaft 21 through a bearing, and a servo is installed inside the pressing paddle drive shaft 21, and the output shaft of the servo is fixed to the rotating shaft of the pressing paddle 20.

[0029] Furthermore, a driving top box 5 is fixed to the top of the crushing machine box 1, and a press driving motor 30 is installed inside the driving top box 5. A driving shaft 27 is fixed to the output shaft of the press driving motor 30. A press driving gear 28 is installed between the two sides of the driving top box 5 through a bearing. Driving bevel gears 26 are installed at the ends of the press driving gear 28. A driven bevel gear 25 is fixed to the top of the press paddle driving shaft 21. The two driving bevel gears 26 are respectively meshed with two corresponding driven bevel gears 25. A driven gear 29 is fixed in the middle of the press driving gear 28, and the driven gear 29 is meshed with the driving shaft 27.

[0030] Furthermore, a feed bottom plate 8 is hingedly mounted on the bottom of the feed box 2 .

[0031] Furthermore, a feed bottom box 6 is fixed to the bottom of the feed box 2 by bolts, two electric push rods 7 are hingedly installed between the bottom of the feed bottom box 6 and the crushing box 1, and two feed rollers 9 are installed inside the feed box 2 through bearings, and the outer walls of the two feed rollers 9 are fixed with array-distributed claw hooks.

[0032] Furthermore, two press conveyor belt drive rollers 14 are installed between the inner walls on both sides of the feed box 2 through bearings, and a press conveyor belt 11 is sleeved between the circumferential outer walls of the two press conveyor belt drive rollers 14; two feed conveyor belt drive rollers 13 are installed between the inner walls on both sides of the feed bottom box 6 through bearings, and a feed conveyor belt 12 is sleeved between the circumferential outer walls of the two feed conveyor belt drive rollers 13.

[0033] Furthermore, an inner discharge pipe 17 is fixed to the bottom of the bottom discharge hopper 16 by bolts, an outer discharge pipe 4 is fixed to the outer wall position of the crushing machine box 1 corresponding to the inner discharge pipe 17, the outer discharge pipe 4 is connected to the inner discharge pipe 17, and a dust collector box 3 is installed in the middle position of the outer discharge pipe 4.

[0034] Furthermore, a blowing fan 15 is installed at the bottom of the crushing machine box 1 , and a feeding air duct 22 is installed at the top exhaust end of the blowing fan 15 , and one end of the feeding air duct 22 is connected and fixed to the end of the inner discharge pipe 17 .

[0035] When the present invention is used: feeding: controlling the extension of the electric push rod 7 to extend the feed box 2, the feed conveyor belt driving roller 13 and the pressure conveyor belt driving roller 14 rotate, driving the feed conveyor belt 12 and the pressure conveyor belt 11 to rotate, the operator puts the cotton stalks into the inside of the feed bottom plate 8, and feeds the cotton stalks into the inside of the feed box 2, the feed roller 9 rotates, and the cotton stalks are transported upward along the feed conveyor belt 12, during the transportation process, the pressure conveyor belt 11 breaks the branches around the main trunk of the cotton stalks and flattens the cotton stalks, and the cotton stalk conveyor belt crushes the inside of the box 1 during the feeding process;

[0036] Crushing: When the cotton stalks enter the crushing machine box 1, they enter the crushing barrel 18 through the top of the jacking hopper 19. The rotation of the crushing drive motor 23 on the outer wall of the crushing barrel 18 drives the internal crushing cutter ring 32 and the crushing cutter disc 31 to rotate rapidly as a whole. A crushing blade is installed in the crushing cutter groove 33 at the bottom of the crushing cutter disc 31 to cut and crush the cotton stalks entering the top of the crushing barrel 18. When the cotton stalks are located at the top of the crushing barrel 18 for feeding, the two pressing paddle drive shafts 21 drive the pressing paddles 20 in the circumferential position to rotate. The steering gear inside the pressing paddle drive shaft 21 adjusts the offset angle of the pressing paddle 20, so that the cotton stalks entering the crushing barrel 18 can be pressed downward to ensure the stability of feeding;

[0037] Discharging: The crushed cotton stalks enter the bottom discharging hopper 16, and the crushed cotton stalks gathered in the bottom discharging hopper 16 are discharged through the inner discharging pipe 17 and the outer discharging pipe 4. During the discharging process, the discharging fan 15 works to generate a high-speed airflow that enters the inner discharging pipe 17 through the feeding air duct 22, thereby increasing the discharging speed of the crushed cotton stalks.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A comminution processing device for cotton stalk compost, comprising a comminution box (1), a comminution box feed opening (10) is provided on the top of the comminution box (1), a feed box (2) is hingedly mounted on the comminution box (1) at the position of the comminution box feed opening (10), and characterized in that: A horizontally arranged top feed hopper (19) is fixed at the top position inside the crusher box (1), and an inner discharge pipe (17) is fixed at the bottom position inside the crusher box (1). Crushing components are arranged at both sides of the inner discharge pipe (17) and the top feed hopper (19), and the crushing component comprises a crushing cylinder (18) fixed between the inner discharge pipe (17) and the top feed hopper (19). A crushing ring groove is provided on the inner wall of the crushing cylinder (18), and a crushing cutter disc tooth ring (32) is rotatably installed in the crushing ring groove inside the crushing cylinder (18). A crushing cutter disc (31) is fixed to the inner wall of the crushing cutter disc tooth ring (32) by bolts. Four fixing plates are arranged around the crushing cutter disc (31), and a crushing cutter groove (33) is provided at the bottom of each of the four fixing plates. A crushing blade is fixed to the crushing cutter groove (33) by bolts.

2. The cotton stalk compost crushing processing equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A pulverizing drive box (24) is fixed to the outer wall of the pulverizing cylinder (18) by bolts, a pulverizing drive motor (23) is installed at the bottom of the pulverizing drive box (24), and a pulverizing drive gear is fixed to the output shaft of the pulverizing drive motor (23), and the pulverizing drive gear is meshed with the circumferential position of the pulverizing cutter disc gear ring (32).

3. The cotton stalk compost crushing processing equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Two pressing assemblies are installed at the top of the crushing machine box (1), and the two pressing assemblies are aligned with the two crushing assemblies respectively. The pressing assembly comprises a pressing blade drive shaft (21) installed at the top of the crushing machine box (1) through a bearing, and three pressing blades (20) distributed in a circumferential array are installed at the bottom of the pressing blade drive shaft (21) through a bearing, and a steering gear is installed inside the pressing blade drive shaft (21), and the output shaft of the steering gear is fixed to the rotating shaft of the pressing blade (20).

4. The cotton stalk compost crushing and processing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: A driving top box (5) is fixed on the top of the crushing machine box (1), a material pressing driving motor (30) is installed inside the driving top box (5), a driving shaft (27) is fixed to the output shaft of the material pressing driving motor (30), a material pressing driving gear (28) is installed between the two sides of the driving top box (5) through a bearing, and driving bevel gears (26) are installed at the ends of the material pressing driving gear (28), a driven bevel gear (25) is fixed on the top of the material pressing paddle driving shaft (21), and the two driving bevel gears (26) are respectively meshed with two corresponding driven bevel gears (25), and a driven gear (29) is fixed in the middle of the material pressing driving gear (28), and the driven gear (29) is meshed with the driving shaft (27).

5. The cotton stalk compost crushing processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A feeding bottom plate (8) is hingedly mounted on the bottom of the feeding machine box (2).

6. The cotton stalk compost crushing equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: A feeding bottom box (6) is fixed to the bottom of the feed box (2) by bolts, and two electric push rods (7) are hingedly installed between the bottom of the feeding bottom box (6) and the crushing box (1). Two feeding rollers (9) are installed inside the feed box (2) via bearings, and the outer walls of the two feeding rollers (9) are fixed with claw hooks distributed in an array.

7. The cotton stalk compost crushing equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two material pressing conveyor belt driving rollers (14) are installed between the inner walls on both sides of the feed machine box (2) through bearings, and a material pressing conveyor belt (11) is sleeved between the circumferential outer walls of the two material pressing conveyor belt driving rollers (14). Two material feeding conveyor belt driving rollers (13) are installed between the inner walls on both sides of the feed bottom box (6) through bearings, and a material feeding conveyor belt (12) is sleeved between the circumferential outer walls of the two material feeding conveyor belt driving rollers (13).

8. The cotton stalk compost crushing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inner discharge pipe (17) is fixed to the bottom of the bottom discharge hopper (16) by means of bolts, an outer discharge pipe (4) is fixed to the outer wall of the crushing machine box (1) corresponding to the inner discharge pipe (17), the outer discharge pipe (4) is in communication with the inner discharge pipe (17), and a dust collecting box (3) is installed in the middle of the outer discharge pipe (4).

9. The cotton stalk compost crushing equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: A blowing fan (15) is installed at the bottom of the pulverizer box (1), and a feeding air duct (22) is installed at the top exhaust end of the blowing fan (15), and one end of the feeding air duct (22) is connected and fixed to the end of the inner discharge pipe (17).

10. A method for using a cotton stalk compost crushing device, characterized in that: The crushing and processing equipment for cotton stalk compost according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: Feeding: Control the extension of the electric push rod (7) to extend the feed box (2), rotate the feed conveyor belt drive roller (13) and the pressure conveyor belt drive roller (14), drive the feed conveyor belt (12) and the pressure conveyor belt (11) to rotate, the operator puts the cotton stalks into the inside of the feed bottom plate 8, and feeds the cotton stalks into the inside of the feed box (2), the feed roller (9) rotates, and the cotton stalks are transported upward along the feed conveyor belt (12), during the transportation process, the pressure conveyor belt (11) breaks the branches around the main trunk of the cotton stalks, flattens the cotton stalks, and during the feeding process, the cotton stalk conveyor belt crushes the inside of the box (1); Crushing: When the cotton stalks enter the crushing machine box (1), they enter the crushing barrel (18) through the top of the jacking hopper (19). The rotation of the crushing drive motor (23) on the outer wall of the crushing barrel (18) drives the internal crushing cutter ring (32) and the crushing cutter disc (31) to rotate rapidly as a whole. A crushing blade is installed in the crushing cutter groove (33) at the bottom of the crushing cutter disc (31) to cut and crush the cotton stalks entering the top of the crushing barrel (18). When the cotton stalks are located at the top of the crushing barrel (18) for feeding, the two pressing blade drive shafts (21) drive the pressing blades (20) at the circumferential position to rotate. The steering gear inside the pressing blade drive shaft (21) adjusts the offset angle of the pressing blade (20), so that the cotton stalks entering the crushing barrel (18) can be pressed downward to ensure the stability of feeding. Discharging: The crushed cotton stalks enter the bottom discharge hopper (16), and the crushed cotton stalks gathered in the bottom discharge hopper (16) are discharged through the inner discharge pipe (17) and the outer discharge pipe (4). During the discharge process, the discharge fan (15) operates to generate a high-speed airflow that enters the inner discharge pipe (17) through the feeding air duct (22), thereby increasing the discharge speed of the crushed cotton stalks.

Images