Plant leaf biomimetic material with antifouling, self-cleaning and spectrum simulation properties and preparation method of plant leaf biomimetic material

Abstract

The invention discloses a plant leaf biomimetic material with antifouling, self-cleaning and spectrum simulation properties and a preparation method thereof. The plant leaf biomimetic material sequentially comprises a first liquid injection super-smooth porous elastomer layer, a hydrogel layer, a camouflage yarn-dyed fabric layer, a hydrogel layer and a second liquid injection super-smooth porous elastomer layer from bottom to top, the liquid injection super-lubricity porous elastomer layer is a porous elastomer of which gaps are filled with silicone oil; the first and second liquid injection super-lubricity elastomer layers are made of the same or different materials; the hydrogel layer is one of single-network hydrogel or double-network hydrogel; and the color of the disguise yarn-dyed fabric layer is one of dark green, medium green, yellow green and light green. The plant leaf biomimetic material disclosed by the invention is excellent in plant leaf spectrum simulation effect, can simulate cell tissues of plants, has anti-mud and hydrophobic properties, can still keep the excellent plant leaf spectrum simulation effect after being washed by rainwater, and can realize high-weather-resistance spectrum simulation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a plant leaf bionic material having both antifouling self-cleaning and spectrum simulation performances and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of high-spectrum bionic camouflage. Background Art

[0002] Hyperspectral imaging technology is a new type of reconnaissance technology that integrates spectrum. It can accurately detect reconnaissance camouflage in the visible to near-infrared band. Traditional camouflage materials only simulate the spectrum of the visible light band well, and the near-infrared band is poorly fitted, which makes it easy for traditional camouflage technology to expose camouflaged targets under hyperspectral reconnaissance. Among many combat environments, the combat environment with jungle as the background is the most commonly used camouflage background in the field of camouflage. In the jungle combat environment, green plant leaves are the most common background. If you want to make the camouflaged target highly integrated with the jungle background under hyperspectral reconnaissance, you need to make the camouflage barrier highly fit the spectrum of plant leaves in the visible to near-infrared band. Studies have shown that even different plants have similarities in the reflectance spectrum of the hyperspectral band, which are called the four basic characteristic spectra of plant leaves, namely: "green peak" at the 540nm band; "red edge" at the 680-780nm band; "near-infrared plateau" at the 780-1300nm band; "water absorption valley" at the 1450nm and 1950nm bands.

[0003] Based on the above theory, many scholars have designed and prepared bionic materials that simulate the spectral curve of hyperspectral plants. Patent CN 116218286A discloses a hyperspectral green color paste prepared with green pigment, organic bentonite, dispersant and wetting agent, etc., which aims to meet the requirements of hyperspectral camouflage while being economical, environmentally friendly and harmless to the human body. Patent CN 115820007 A discloses a visible-near-infrared hyperspectral camouflage water-based system coating prepared with water-based resin, water-absorbing and water-retaining agent, network skeleton, color paste and water-based coating additives, which can simulate the visible and near-infrared spectra emitted or reflected by the plant surface, and has the same color and spectrum as the plant background, and has the ability of visible-near-infrared hyperspectral camouflage. Patent CN 115746410 A discloses a super-absorbent green leaf bionic film made of hydroxycellulose, polysaccharide, hygroscopic salt and green pigment, which realizes accurate simulation and long-term matching with the spectrum of green plant leaves.

[0004] However, since most of the current hyperspectral camouflage barriers do not have anti-fouling properties, the humid and rainy climate characteristics of the rainforest in the most representative tropical and subtropical regions of jungle combat environments have brought great challenges to the durability of camouflage barriers. Since plant leaves have natural self-cleaning properties, the spectral performance is not changed by rain scouring. However, rain scouring will cause the hygroscopic salt ions in the camouflage material that simulates the spectral performance of plant leaves to fall off, which greatly affects the recovery performance of the "water absorption valley" of the camouflage barrier and seriously affects the service performance of the material. At the same time, the hyperspectral camouflage material is designed to fit the spectral characteristics of the "water absorption valley" of plant leaves. The camouflage material is usually hydrophilic, which will cause stains such as mud and water to easily adhere to the surface of the camouflage material, resulting in poor spectral fitting performance. Summary of the invention

[0005]

Technical issues

[0006] At present, most camouflage materials that simulate the spectral properties of plant leaves are hydrophilic materials, which makes it easy for dirt and water to adhere to the surface of the camouflage materials, thus affecting the spectral fitting performance. In addition, the salt ions used to simulate the "water absorption valley" band and play a hygroscopic role in this type of camouflage materials are easily washed off by rainwater. Existing camouflage materials are also unable to simulate the tissue structure of plant leaves, limiting their bionic and camouflage effects.

[0007]

Technical solution

[0008] The present invention provides a plant leaf bionic material having both antifouling self-cleaning and spectral simulation performance and a preparation method thereof. The prepared plant leaf bionic material has both antifouling performance and durability while obtaining spectral camouflage performance. The structure is a sandwich structure, such as Figure 1 As shown, from inside to outside, they are: camouflage fabric layer, hydrogel layer, and liquid-injected super-slip elastomer layer. The camouflage fabric layer is used to simulate the spectrum of plant leaves in the visible light band and the tissue structure of plant leaves. The hydrogel layer is used to simulate the "water absorption valley" at the 1450nm and 1950nm bands of the spectrum, which has a water-retaining effect and provides adhesion for the composite of multi-layer materials. The liquid-injected super-slip elastomer layer is used to provide anti-fouling properties and simulate the water exchange channel of plant leaf transpiration.

[0009] The first object of the present invention is to provide a plant leaf bionic material with both anti-fouling self-cleaning and spectral simulation properties, which comprises, from bottom to top: a first liquid-injected super-slip elastomer layer, a hydrogel layer, a camouflage fabric layer, a hydrogel layer, and a second liquid-injected super-slip elastomer layer.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the liquid-injected super-lubricant elastomer layer is a porous elastomer with pores filled with silicone oil.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first and second liquid-injected super-lubricant elastomer layers are made of the same or different materials.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogel layer is one of a single network hydrogel or a double network hydrogel.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the color of the camouflage fabric layer is one of dark green, medium green, yellow-green and light green.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the liquid-injected super-slip elastomer layer is 0.2-0.7 mm, the thickness of the hydrogel layer is 0.2-1 mm, and the thickness of the camouflage fabric layer is 0.2-1 mm.

[0015] The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned plant leaf bionic material, comprising the steps of:

[0016] (1) Preparing camouflage color fabric: printing the fabric with camouflage color paste, pre-drying, baking and washing to obtain the camouflage color fabric;

[0017] (2) preparing a hydrogel precursor solution: dissolving a monomer and a cross-linking agent in water, and stirring to prepare a hydrogel precursor solution;

[0018] (3) Preparing a porous elastomer: mixing a prepolymer, a curing agent and water, stirring evenly to obtain an elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion, spreading it in a mold, vacuum degassing and curing it to form a porous film, soaking the porous film in an initiator solution, then taking it out and blowing it with nitrogen to dryness to obtain a porous elastomer;

[0019] (4) Preparation of plant leaf bionic materials: impregnating camouflage fabric with a hydrogel precursor solution, pouring the hydrogel precursor solution into a mold covered with a porous elastomer, immersing the camouflage fabric impregnated with the hydrogel precursor solution, laying another layer of porous elastomer, taking it out of the mold after ultraviolet irradiation, soaking it in a calcium chloride solution and then placing it at a constant temperature and humidity to obtain a composite material; immersing the composite material in silicone oil, removing excess silicone oil, and obtaining a plant leaf bionic material.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (1), the fabric material is one of polyester-cotton blended, pure polyester, and pure cotton.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (1), the fabric structure is a 3D spacer fabric.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (1), the fabric is subjected to heat setting treatment before printing, the heat setting temperature is 100-190° C., and the heat setting time is 1-5 min.

[0023] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (1), the color of the camouflage color paste is one of dark green, medium green, yellow-green and light green.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (1), the method for preparing the camouflage color paste is to mix the dye, thickener and water and stir them evenly.

[0025] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (1), the thickener of the camouflage color paste is one or more of an inorganic thickener, a cellulose, a polyacrylate and an associative polyurethane thickener.

[0026] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (1), the concentration of the dye in the camouflage color paste is 0.5-1.5 wt%, and the concentration of the thickener is 3-9 wt%.

[0027] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (1), the dye is a disperse dye.

[0028] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (1), the printing method of the stamp is to use magnetic rod printing for 1 to 2 times.

[0029] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (1), the pre-baking temperature is 90-110° C., and the pre-baking time is 5-10 min; the baking temperature is 160-200° C., and the baking time is 1-4 min.

[0030] Among them, one round trip of the magnetic bar is counted as one printing.

[0031] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (1), the cleaning is reduction cleaning, the NaOH concentration of the reduction cleaning solution is 0.5-1.5 g / L, the hydrosulfite concentration is 1-3 g / L, the reduction cleaning temperature is 70-90°C, and the reduction cleaning time is 10-20 min.

[0032] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (2), the monomer is one or more of acrylamide, sodium alginate, chitosan, and ethylene glycol diacrylate.

[0033] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (2), the cross-linking agent is N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide.

[0034] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (2), the photoinitiator is photoinitiator-2959.

[0035] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (2), the total monomer concentration of the hydrogel precursor solution is 5-20 g / 100 mL, the crosslinker concentration is 0.03-0.05 g / 100 mL, and the photoinitiator concentration is 0.3-0.5 g / 100 mL.

[0036] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (2), the stirring temperature is 20-30° C., the rotation speed is 500-1500 rpm, and the stirring time is 2-4 hours.

[0037] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (2), the monomers are acrylamide and sodium alginate, the acrylamide concentration of the hydrogel precursor solution is 9-15 g / 100 mL, and the sodium alginate concentration is 2-5 g / 100 mL.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (3), the prepolymer is Dow Corning 184 prepolymer.

[0039] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (3), the curing agent is Dow Corning 184 curing agent.

[0040] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (3), the mass ratio of the prepolymer to the cross-linking agent is 8 to 12:1, and the amount of water used is 6 to 10% of the total mass of the prepolymer and the cross-linking agent.

[0041] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (3), the stirring temperature is 20-30° C., the rotation speed is 500-1500 rpm, and the stirring time is 0.5-2 h.

[0042] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (3), the vacuum degassing time of the elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion is 20 to 40 minutes.

[0043] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (3), the curing temperature is 50-70° C. and the curing time is 3-5 hours.

[0044] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (3), the thickness of the porous film is 0.2 to 2 mm.

[0045] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (3), the initiator is one of benzophenone, 4-methylbenzophenone, benzoyl peroxide, photoinitiator-2959, ammonium persulfate, and potassium persulfate.

[0046] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (3), the solvent of the initiator solution is one of ethanol and acetone.

[0047] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (3), the initiator concentration of the initiator solution is 5 to 15 wt %, and the soaking time is 20 to 40 min.

[0048] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (4), the concentration of the calcium chloride solution is 15-25 wt %, and the soaking time is 5-15 min.

[0049] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (4), the constant temperature and humidity are 20-30° C., the humidity is 50-70% RH, and the placement time is 4-8 hours.

[0050] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (4), the viscosity of the silicone oil at 25° C. is 3 to 500 cSt.

[0051] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (4), the camouflage fabric is immersed in the hydrogel precursor solution to a liquid carrying rate of 75-100%.

[0052] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (4), the camouflage fabric immersed in the hydrogel precursor solution is immersed in the middle of the height of the hydrogel precursor solution. In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (4), the spread weight of the hydrogel precursor solution in the mold is 100 to 300 g / m 2 .

[0053] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (4), the wavelength of ultraviolet irradiation is 300-400nm, the time of ultraviolet irradiation is 1-3h, the intensity of ultraviolet irradiation is 20-50w, and the distance of ultraviolet irradiation is 4-20cm.

[0054] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (4), the irradiation angle of the ultraviolet rays is changed during the ultraviolet irradiation process to uniformly solidify the hydrogel precursor solution.

[0055] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (4), the silicone oil immersion time is 2 to 8 minutes.

[0056] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (4), the method for removing the silicone oil is vertical standing for 15 to 45 minutes.

[0057] The third object of the present invention is to provide application of the above-mentioned plant leaf bionic material.

[0058] In one embodiment of the present invention, the applications of the plant leaf bionic material include shelters, military camouflage, and countering hyperspectral detection.

[0059]

Beneficial Effects

[0060] The plant leaf bionic material of the present invention uses camouflage color printing to simulate the visible light spectrum of plant leaves, and uses the moisturizing properties of hydrogel to simulate the "water absorption valley" at the 1450nm and 1950nm band spectrum to achieve excellent plant leaf spectrum simulation effect. The plant leaf bionic material can be used as an anti-hyperspectral reconnaissance camouflage barrier to effectively improve the hyperspectral stealth performance of camouflaged targets against the jungle background.

[0061] The plant leaf bionic material of the present invention utilizes the spatial structure of 3D spacer fabric to simulate the three-dimensional morphology of plant leaves, utilizes hydrogel to imitate the retention of water in leaf tissue, has a porous structure, has good waterproof and moisture permeability, provides a support function similar to the veins of plant leaves, simulates the water conduction function of leaf veins, simulates the transpiration of leaves, and achieves a more realistic leaf simulation effect.

[0062] The calcium ions in the acrylamide / sodium alginate double network hydrogel of the present invention play an important role in the adsorption and desorption of water, so that the plant leaf bionic material can better simulate the transpiration of the leaf.

[0063] Due to the antifouling effect of the liquid-injected super-slip elastic layer, the spectral performance of the plant leaf bionic material of the present invention is not affected by rain erosion, ensuring that its spectral simulation performance has high weather resistance in the actual environment.

[0064] The preparation method of the invention is easy to operate, green and environmentally friendly, and suitable for industrialization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0065] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of plant leaf bionic material.

[0066] Figure 2 These are the spectrum curves of Example 1, Comparative Examples 1 and 2, and plant leaves washed by rain water. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] Test Method

[0068] Visible light-near infrared spectroscopy: Example 1, Control Examples 1, 2 and plant leaves were rinsed with 250 ml of tap water for 60 seconds, and then treated in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at a temperature of 25°C and a humidity of 60% RH for 12 hours. The spectra in the 300-2500 nm band were measured using a PerkinElmer Lambda 950 UV-visible spectrophotometer.

[0069] Example 1

[0070] A method for preparing a plant leaf bionic material having both anti-fouling, self-cleaning and spectral simulation performances, comprising the steps of:

[0071] (1) Preparation of camouflage fabrics:

[0072] To prepare camouflage color paste, disperse yellow, disperse red, disperse blue and thickener are added into water and stirred to form a particle-free, viscous and uniform slurry. The concentration of disperse yellow is 0.25wt%, that of disperse red is 0.3wt%, that of disperse blue is 0.37wt% and the thickener is 6wt%.

[0073] Magnetic bar printing is performed on pure cotton 3D spacer fabric, the printing frame is fixed to the magnetic bar printing machine, and the travel distance and magnetic force of the magnetic bar are adjusted to adapt to the selected printing frame; after the magnetic bar printing machine is debugged, the 3D spacer fabric is placed under the printing frame in the warp direction, camouflage color paste is applied to one side of the magnetic bar, and the camouflage color paste is printed once under the rolling of the magnetic bar to obtain the printed 3D spacer fabric.

[0074] The printed 3D spacer fabric was pre-baked in an oven at 100°C for 5 minutes until dry, and then placed in a drying machine and baked at 170°C for 2 minutes.

[0075] Reduction cleaning is used to wash away the floating color of the printed 3D spacer fabric. 1g NaOH and 2g hydrosulfite are dissolved in 1L deionized water to prepare a reduction cleaning solution. The solution is washed in a water bath at 80℃ for 20min and dried to obtain the camouflage color fabric.

[0076] (2) Preparation of hydrogel precursor solution:

[0077] 4 g of sodium alginate, 13 g of acrylamide, 0.03 g of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide, and 0.3 g of photoinitiator-2959 were dissolved in 100 mL of water, and stirred at 900 rpm with a magnetic stirrer at room temperature for 3 h to prepare a hydrogel precursor solution.

[0078] (3) Preparation of porous elastomer:

[0079] Dow Corning 184 prepolymer and Dow Corning 184 curing agent were mixed and stirred evenly in a mass ratio of 10:1, 8 wt % of water was added to the mixture, and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour with a magnetic stirrer at 900 rpm to obtain an elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion.

[0080] The elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion was spread in the mold, vacuum degassed for 30 minutes, and cured at 60°C for 4 hours to form a porous film with a thickness of 1 mm.

[0081] The porous film was immersed in a 10 wt % benzophenone ethanol solution for 30 min, washed with ethanol three times, and purged with nitrogen to dryness to obtain a porous elastomer.

[0082] (4) Preparation of plant leaf bionic materials:

[0083] The camouflage fabric is impregnated with the hydrogel precursor solution, and the liquid carrying rate is 90%.

[0084] Pour the hydrogel precursor solution into the quartz glass mold covered with the porous elastomer and spread it with a weight of 100 g / m 2 , immersed in camouflage fabric impregnated with hydrogel precursor solution, then covered with another layer of porous elastomer, covered with a quartz glass plate, irradiated with 36W of 365nm ultraviolet light for 2h, the irradiation distance was 10cm, the sample was taken out of the mold, soaked in a 20wt% calcium chloride solution for 10min, and placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 25℃, 60%RH for 6h to obtain a composite material.

[0085] The composite material was immersed in silicone oil with a viscosity of 3 cSt for 5 minutes, taken out and allowed to stand vertically for 30 minutes to remove excess silicone oil, thereby obtaining a plant leaf bionic material.

[0086] The thickness of the liquid-injected super-slip elastomer layer of the prepared plant leaf bionic material is 0.4 mm, the thickness of the hydrogel layer is 0.6 mm, and the thickness of the camouflage fabric layer is 0.6 mm.

[0087] Example 2

[0088] A method for preparing a plant leaf bionic material having both anti-fouling, self-cleaning and spectral simulation performances, comprising the steps of:

[0089] (1) Preparation of camouflage fabrics:

[0090] Magnetic bar printing is performed on pure polyester 3D spacer fabric, the printing frame is fixed to the magnetic bar printing machine, and the travel distance and magnetic force of the magnetic bar are adjusted to adapt to the selected printing frame; after the magnetic bar printing machine is debugged, the 3D spacer fabric is placed under the printing frame in the warp direction, and commercially available medium green printing paste is applied to one side of the magnetic bar. The medium green printing paste is printed once under the rolling of the magnetic bar to obtain the printed 3D spacer fabric.

[0091] The printed 3D spacer fabric was pre-baked in an oven at 100°C for 5 minutes until dry, and then placed in a drying machine and baked at 170°C for 2 minutes.

[0092] Rinse with running water and dry naturally to obtain camouflage color fabric.

[0093] (2) Preparation of hydrogel precursor solution:

[0094] 4 g of sodium alginate, 13 g of acrylamide, 0.03 g of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide, and 0.3 g of photoinitiator-2959 were dissolved in 100 mL of water, and stirred at 900 rpm with a magnetic stirrer at room temperature for 3 h to prepare a hydrogel precursor solution.

[0095] (3) Preparation of porous elastomer:

[0096] Dow Corning 184 prepolymer and Dow Corning 184 curing agent were mixed and stirred evenly in a mass ratio of 10:1, 8 wt % of water was added to the mixture, and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour with a magnetic stirrer at 900 rpm to obtain an elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion.

[0097] The elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion was spread in the mold, vacuum degassed for 30 minutes, and cured at 60°C for 4 hours to form a porous film with a thickness of 1 mm.

[0098] The porous film was immersed in a 10 wt % benzophenone ethanol solution for 30 min, washed with ethanol three times, and purged with nitrogen to dryness to obtain a porous elastomer.

[0099] (4) Preparation of plant leaf bionic materials:

[0100] The camouflage fabric is impregnated with the hydrogel precursor solution, and the liquid carrying rate is 90%.

[0101] Pour the hydrogel precursor solution into the quartz glass mold covered with the porous elastomer and spread it with a weight of 100 g / m 2 , immersed in camouflage fabric impregnated with hydrogel precursor solution, then covered with another layer of porous elastomer, covered with a quartz glass plate, irradiated with 36W of 365nm ultraviolet light for 2h, the irradiation distance was 10cm, the sample was taken out of the mold, soaked in a 20wt% calcium chloride solution for 10min, and placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 25℃, 60%RH for 6h to obtain a composite material.

[0102] The composite material was immersed in silicone oil with a viscosity of 5 cSt for 5 minutes, taken out and allowed to stand vertically for 30 minutes to remove excess silicone oil, thereby obtaining a plant leaf bionic material.

[0103] Example 3

[0104] A method for preparing a plant leaf bionic material having both anti-fouling, self-cleaning and spectral simulation performances, comprising the steps of:

[0105] (1) Preparation of camouflage fabrics:

[0106] Screen printing was performed on a polyester-cotton blended fabric. A printing frame was covered on the fabric, commercially available yellow-green color paste was applied to one side of the printing frame, and the paste was manually scraped twice with a scraper to obtain a printed fabric.

[0107] The printed fabric was pre-baked in an oven at 100°C for 5 min until dry, and then placed in a drying machine and baked at 160°C for 2 min.

[0108] Rinse with running water and dry naturally to obtain camouflage color fabric.

[0109] (2) Preparation of hydrogel precursor solution:

[0110] 3 g of sodium alginate, 14 g of acrylamide, 0.03 g of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide, and 0.3 g of photoinitiator-2959 were dissolved in 100 mL of water, and stirred at 1000 rpm with a magnetic stirrer at 28°C for 2.5 h to prepare a hydrogel precursor solution.

[0111] (3) Preparation of porous elastomer:

[0112] Dow Corning 184 prepolymer and Dow Corning 184 curing agent were mixed and stirred at a mass ratio of 12:1, 10 wt % of water was added to the mixture, and the mixture was stirred at 800 rpm with a magnetic stirrer at room temperature for 1.5 hours to obtain an elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion.

[0113] The elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion was spread in the mold, vacuum degassed for 20 minutes, and cured at 70°C for 4 hours to form a porous film with a thickness of 1.2 mm.

[0114] The porous film was immersed in a 12 wt % benzophenone ethanol solution for 25 min, washed with ethanol three times, and purged with nitrogen to dryness to obtain a porous elastomer.

[0115] (4) Preparation of plant leaf bionic materials:

[0116] The camouflage fabric is impregnated with the hydrogel precursor solution, and the liquid carrying rate is 90%.

[0117] Pour the hydrogel precursor solution into the quartz glass mold covered with the porous elastomer, and spread it with a weight of 280 g / m 2 , immersed in camouflage fabric impregnated with hydrogel precursor solution, then covered with another layer of porous elastomer, covered with a quartz glass plate, irradiated with 36W of 365nm ultraviolet light for 2h, the irradiation distance was 10cm, the sample was taken out of the mold, soaked in a 20wt% calcium chloride solution for 10min, and placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 25℃, 60%RH for 6h to obtain a composite material.

[0118] The composite material was immersed in silicone oil with a viscosity of 200 cSt for 7 minutes, taken out and allowed to stand vertically for 40 minutes to remove excess silicone oil, thereby obtaining a plant leaf bionic material.

[0119] Example 4

[0120] A method for preparing a plant leaf bionic material having both anti-fouling, self-cleaning and spectral simulation performances, comprising the steps of:

[0121] (1) Preparation of camouflage fabrics:

[0122] To prepare camouflage color paste, disperse yellow, disperse red, disperse blue and thickener are added into water and stirred to form a particle-free, viscous and uniform slurry. The concentration of disperse yellow is 0.16wt%, that of disperse red is 0.20wt%, that of disperse blue is 0.24wt%, and the thickener is 8wt%.

[0123] Magnetic bar printing is performed on pure cotton 3D spacer fabric, the printing frame is fixed to the magnetic bar printing machine, and the travel distance and magnetic force of the magnetic bar are adjusted to adapt to the selected printing frame; after the magnetic bar printing machine is debugged, the 3D spacer fabric is placed under the printing frame in the warp direction, camouflage color paste is applied to one side of the magnetic bar, and the camouflage color paste is printed once under the rolling of the magnetic bar to obtain the printed 3D spacer fabric.

[0124] The printed 3D spacer fabric was pre-baked in a 95°C oven for 7 minutes until dry, and then placed in a drying machine for baking at 200°C for 1 minute.

[0125] Reduction cleaning is used to wash away the floating color of the printed 3D spacer fabric. 0.7g NaOH and 1.5g hydrosulfite are dissolved in 1L deionized water to prepare a reduction cleaning solution. The solution is washed in a 75℃ water bath for 15min and dried to obtain the camouflage color fabric.

[0126] (2) Preparation of hydrogel precursor solution:

[0127] 4 g of sodium alginate, 13 g of acrylamide, 0.03 g of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide, and 0.3 g of photoinitiator-2959 were dissolved in 100 mL of water, and stirred at 900 rpm with a magnetic stirrer at room temperature for 3 h to prepare a hydrogel precursor solution.

[0128] (3) Preparation of porous elastomer:

[0129] Dow Corning 184 prepolymer and Dow Corning 184 curing agent were mixed and stirred evenly in a mass ratio of 10:1, 8 wt % of water was added to the mixture, and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour with a magnetic stirrer at 900 rpm to obtain an elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion.

[0130] The elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion was spread in the mold, vacuum degassed for 30 minutes, and cured at 60°C for 4 hours to form a porous film with a thickness of 1 mm.

[0131] The porous film was immersed in a 10 wt % benzophenone ethanol solution for 30 min, washed with ethanol three times, and purged with nitrogen to dryness to obtain a porous elastomer.

[0132] (4) Preparation of plant leaf bionic materials:

[0133] The camouflage fabric is impregnated with the hydrogel precursor solution, and the liquid carrying rate is 90%.

[0134] Pour the hydrogel precursor solution into the quartz glass mold covered with the porous elastomer and spread it with a weight of 100 g / m 2 , immersed in camouflage fabric impregnated with hydrogel precursor solution, then covered with another layer of porous elastomer, covered with a quartz glass plate, irradiated with 36W of 365nm ultraviolet light for 2h, the irradiation distance was 10cm, the sample was taken out of the mold, soaked in a 20wt% calcium chloride solution for 10min, and placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 25℃, 60%RH for 6h to obtain a composite material.

[0135] The composite material was immersed in silicone oil with a viscosity of 20 cSt for 5 minutes, taken out and allowed to stand vertically for 30 minutes to remove excess silicone oil, thereby obtaining a plant leaf bionic material.

[0136] Example 5

[0137] A method for preparing a plant leaf bionic material having both anti-fouling, self-cleaning and spectral simulation performances, comprising the steps of:

[0138] (1) Preparation of camouflage fabrics:

[0139] To prepare camouflage color paste, disperse yellow, disperse red, disperse blue and thickener are added into water and stirred to form a particle-free, viscous and uniform slurry. The concentration of disperse yellow is 0.30wt%, that of disperse red is 0.36wt%, that of disperse blue is 0.44wt% and the thickener is 5wt%.

[0140] Magnetic bar printing is performed on pure cotton 3D spacer fabric, the printing frame is fixed to the magnetic bar printing machine, and the travel distance and magnetic force of the magnetic bar are adjusted to adapt to the selected printing frame; after the magnetic bar printing machine is debugged, the 3D spacer fabric is placed under the printing frame in the warp direction, camouflage color paste is applied to one side of the magnetic bar, and the camouflage color paste is printed once under the rolling of the magnetic bar to obtain the printed 3D spacer fabric.

[0141] The printed 3D spacer fabric was pre-baked in an oven at 110°C for 8 minutes until dry, and then placed in a drying machine and baked at 175°C for 2.5 minutes.

[0142] Reduction cleaning is used to wash away the floating color of the printed 3D spacer fabric. 1.5g NaOH and 3g hydrosulfite are dissolved in 1L deionized water to prepare a reduction cleaning solution. The solution is washed in a 70℃ water bath for 10min and dried to obtain the camouflage color fabric.

[0143] (2) Preparation of hydrogel precursor solution:

[0144] 4 g of sodium alginate, 13 g of acrylamide, 0.03 g of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide, and 0.3 g of photoinitiator-2959 were dissolved in 100 mL of water, and stirred at 900 rpm with a magnetic stirrer at room temperature for 3 h to prepare a hydrogel precursor solution.

[0145] (3) Preparation of porous elastomer:

[0146] Dow Corning 184 prepolymer and Dow Corning 184 curing agent were mixed and stirred evenly in a mass ratio of 10:1, 8 wt % of water was added to the mixture, and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour with a magnetic stirrer at 900 rpm to obtain an elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion.

[0147] The elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion was spread in the mold, vacuum degassed for 30 minutes, and cured at 60°C for 4 hours to form a porous film with a thickness of 1 mm.

[0148] The porous film was immersed in a 10 wt % benzophenone ethanol solution for 30 min, washed with ethanol three times, and purged with nitrogen to dryness to obtain a porous elastomer.

[0149] (4) Preparation of plant leaf bionic materials:

[0150] The camouflage fabric is impregnated with the hydrogel precursor solution, and the liquid carrying rate is 90%.

[0151] Pour the hydrogel precursor solution into the quartz glass mold covered with the porous elastomer and spread it with a weight of 100 g / m 2 , immersed in camouflage fabric impregnated with hydrogel precursor solution, then covered with another layer of porous elastomer, covered with a quartz glass plate, irradiated with 36W of 365nm ultraviolet light for 2h, the irradiation distance was 10cm, the sample was taken out of the mold, soaked in a 20wt% calcium chloride solution for 10min, and placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 25℃, 60%RH for 6h to obtain a composite material.

[0152] The composite material was immersed in silicone oil with a viscosity of 50 cSt for 5 minutes, taken out and allowed to stand vertically for 30 minutes to remove excess silicone oil, thereby obtaining a plant leaf bionic material.

[0153] Example 6

[0154] A method for preparing a plant leaf bionic material having both anti-fouling, self-cleaning and spectral simulation performances, comprising the steps of:

[0155] (1) Preparation of camouflage fabrics:

[0156] To prepare camouflage color paste, disperse yellow, disperse red, disperse blue and thickener are added into water and stirred to form a particle-free, viscous and uniform slurry. The concentration of disperse yellow is 0.25wt%, that of disperse red is 0.3wt%, that of disperse blue is 0.37wt% and the thickener is 6wt%.

[0157] Magnetic bar printing is performed on pure cotton 3D spacer fabric, the printing frame is fixed to the magnetic bar printing machine, and the travel distance and magnetic force of the magnetic bar are adjusted to adapt to the selected printing frame; after the magnetic bar printing machine is debugged, the 3D spacer fabric is placed under the printing frame in the warp direction, camouflage color paste is applied to one side of the magnetic bar, and the camouflage color paste is printed once under the rolling of the magnetic bar to obtain the printed 3D spacer fabric.

[0158] The printed 3D spacer fabric was pre-baked in an oven at 100°C for 5 minutes until dry, and then placed in a drying machine and baked at 170°C for 2 minutes.

[0159] Reduction cleaning is used to wash away the floating color of the printed 3D spacer fabric. 1g NaOH and 2g hydrosulfite are dissolved in 1L deionized water to prepare a reduction cleaning solution. The solution is washed in a water bath at 80℃ for 20min and dried to obtain the camouflage color fabric.

[0160] (2) Preparation of hydrogel precursor solution:

[0161] 2 g of sodium alginate, 15 g of acrylamide, and 0.04 g of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide were dissolved in 100 mL of water, and stirred at 1400 rpm with a magnetic stirrer at room temperature for 2 h to prepare a hydrogel precursor solution.

[0162] (3) Preparation of porous elastomer:

[0163] Dow Corning 184 prepolymer and Dow Corning 184 curing agent were mixed and stirred evenly in a mass ratio of 10:1, 8 wt % of water was added to the mixture, and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour with a magnetic stirrer at 900 rpm to obtain an elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion.

[0164] The elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion was spread in the mold, vacuum degassed for 30 minutes, and cured at 60°C for 4 hours to form a porous film with a thickness of 1 mm.

[0165] The porous film was immersed in a 10 wt % benzophenone ethanol solution for 30 min, washed with ethanol three times, and purged with nitrogen to dryness to obtain a porous elastomer.

[0166] (4) Preparation of plant leaf bionic materials:

[0167] The camouflage fabric is impregnated with the hydrogel precursor solution, and the liquid carrying rate is 90%.

[0168] Pour the hydrogel precursor solution into the quartz glass mold covered with the porous elastomer and spread it with a weight of 100 g / m 2, immersed in camouflage fabric impregnated with hydrogel precursor solution, then covered with another layer of porous elastomer, covered with a quartz glass plate, irradiated with 36W of 365nm ultraviolet light for 2h, the irradiation distance was 10cm, the sample was taken out of the mold, soaked in a 20wt% calcium chloride solution for 10min, and placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 25℃, 60%RH for 6h to obtain a composite material.

[0169] The composite material was immersed in silicone oil with a viscosity of 100 cSt for 5 minutes, taken out and allowed to stand vertically for 30 minutes to remove excess silicone oil, thereby obtaining a plant leaf bionic material.

[0170] Example 7

[0171] A method for preparing a plant leaf bionic material having both anti-fouling, self-cleaning and spectral simulation performances, comprising the steps of:

[0172] (1) Preparation of camouflage fabrics:

[0173] To prepare camouflage color paste, disperse yellow, disperse red, disperse blue and thickener are added into water and stirred to form a particle-free, viscous and uniform slurry. The concentration of disperse yellow is 0.25wt%, that of disperse red is 0.3wt%, that of disperse blue is 0.37wt% and the thickener is 6wt%.

[0174] Magnetic bar printing is performed on pure cotton 3D spacer fabric, the printing frame is fixed to the magnetic bar printing machine, and the travel distance and magnetic force of the magnetic bar are adjusted to adapt to the selected printing frame; after the magnetic bar printing machine is debugged, the 3D spacer fabric is placed under the printing frame in the warp direction, camouflage color paste is applied to one side of the magnetic bar, and the camouflage color paste is printed once under the rolling of the magnetic bar to obtain the printed 3D spacer fabric.

[0175] The printed 3D spacer fabric was pre-baked in an oven at 100°C for 5 minutes until dry, and then placed in a drying machine and baked at 170°C for 2 minutes.

[0176] Reduction cleaning is used to wash away the floating color of the printed 3D spacer fabric. 1g NaOH and 2g hydrosulfite are dissolved in 1L deionized water to prepare a reduction cleaning solution. The solution is washed in a water bath at 80℃ for 20min and dried to obtain the camouflage color fabric.

[0177] (2) Preparation of hydrogel precursor solution:

[0178] 3 g of sodium alginate, 14 g of acrylamide, and 0.05 g of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide were dissolved in 100 mL of water, and stirred at 1200 rpm with a magnetic stirrer at room temperature for 2 h to prepare a hydrogel precursor solution.

[0179] (3) Preparation of porous elastomer:

[0180] Dow Corning 184 prepolymer and Dow Corning 184 curing agent were mixed and stirred evenly in a mass ratio of 10:1, 8 wt % of water was added to the mixture, and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour with a magnetic stirrer at 900 rpm to obtain an elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion.

[0181] The elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion was spread in the mold, vacuum degassed for 30 minutes, and cured at 60°C for 4 hours to form a porous film with a thickness of 1 mm.

[0182] The porous film was immersed in a 10 wt % benzophenone ethanol solution for 30 min, washed with ethanol three times, and purged with nitrogen to dryness to obtain a porous elastomer.

[0183] (4) Preparation of plant leaf bionic materials:

[0184] The camouflage fabric is impregnated with the hydrogel precursor solution, and the liquid carrying rate is 90%.

[0185] Pour the hydrogel precursor solution into the quartz glass mold covered with the porous elastomer and spread it with a weight of 150 g / m 2 , immersed in camouflage fabric impregnated with hydrogel precursor solution, then covered with another layer of porous elastomer, covered with a quartz glass plate, irradiated with 36W of 365nm ultraviolet light for 2h, the irradiation distance was 10cm, the sample was taken out of the mold, soaked in a 20wt% calcium chloride solution for 10min, and placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 25℃, 60%RH for 6h to obtain a composite material.

[0186] The composite material was immersed in silicone oil with a viscosity of 100 cSt for 5 minutes, taken out and allowed to stand vertically for 30 minutes to remove excess silicone oil, thereby obtaining a plant leaf bionic material.

[0187] Example 8

[0188] A method for preparing a plant leaf bionic material having both anti-fouling, self-cleaning and spectral simulation performances, comprising the steps of:

[0189] (1) Preparation of camouflage fabrics:

[0190] To prepare camouflage color paste, disperse yellow, disperse red, disperse blue and thickener are added into water and stirred to form a particle-free, viscous and uniform slurry. The concentration of disperse yellow is 0.25wt%, that of disperse red is 0.3wt%, that of disperse blue is 0.37wt% and the thickener is 6wt%.

[0191] Magnetic bar printing is performed on pure cotton 3D spacer fabric, the printing frame is fixed to the magnetic bar printing machine, and the travel distance and magnetic force of the magnetic bar are adjusted to adapt to the selected printing frame; after the magnetic bar printing machine is debugged, the 3D spacer fabric is placed under the printing frame in the warp direction, camouflage color paste is applied to one side of the magnetic bar, and the camouflage color paste is printed once under the rolling of the magnetic bar to obtain the printed 3D spacer fabric.

[0192] The printed 3D spacer fabric was pre-baked in an oven at 100°C for 5 minutes until dry, and then placed in a drying machine and baked at 170°C for 2 minutes.

[0193] Reduction cleaning is used to wash away the floating color of the printed 3D spacer fabric. 1g NaOH and 2g hydrosulfite are dissolved in 1L deionized water to prepare a reduction cleaning solution. The solution is washed in a water bath at 80℃ for 20min and dried to obtain the camouflage color fabric.

[0194] (2) Preparation of hydrogel precursor solution:

[0195] 5 g of sodium alginate, 10 g of acrylamide, 0.03 g of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide, and 0.3 g of photoinitiator-2959 were dissolved in 100 mL of water, and stirred at 800 rpm with a magnetic stirrer at room temperature for 4 h to prepare a hydrogel precursor solution.

[0196] (3) Preparation of porous elastomer:

[0197] Dow Corning 184 prepolymer and Dow Corning 184 curing agent were mixed and stirred evenly in a mass ratio of 10:1, 8 wt % of water was added to the mixture, and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour with a magnetic stirrer at 900 rpm to obtain an elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion.

[0198] The elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion was spread in the mold, vacuum degassed for 30 minutes, and cured at 60°C for 4 hours to form a porous film with a thickness of 1 mm.

[0199] The porous film was immersed in a 10 wt % benzophenone ethanol solution for 30 min, washed with ethanol three times, and purged with nitrogen to dryness to obtain a porous elastomer.

[0200] (4) Preparation of plant leaf bionic materials:

[0201] The camouflage fabric is impregnated with the hydrogel precursor solution, and the liquid carrying rate is 90%.

[0202] Pour the hydrogel precursor solution into the quartz glass mold covered with the porous elastomer and spread it with a weight of 200 g / m 2, immersed in camouflage fabric impregnated with hydrogel precursor solution, then covered with another layer of porous elastomer, covered with a quartz glass plate, irradiated with 36W of 365nm ultraviolet light for 2h, the irradiation distance was 10cm, the sample was taken out of the mold, soaked in a 20wt% calcium chloride solution for 10min, and placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 25℃, 60%RH for 6h to obtain a composite material.

[0203] The composite material was immersed in silicone oil with a viscosity of 100 cSt for 5 minutes, taken out and allowed to stand vertically for 30 minutes to remove excess silicone oil, thereby obtaining a plant leaf bionic material.

[0204] Example 9

[0205] A method for preparing a plant leaf bionic material having both anti-fouling, self-cleaning and spectral simulation performances, comprising the steps of:

[0206] (1) Preparation of camouflage fabrics:

[0207] To prepare camouflage color paste, disperse yellow, disperse red, disperse blue and thickener are added into water and stirred to form a particle-free, viscous and uniform slurry. The concentration of disperse yellow is 0.25wt%, that of disperse red is 0.3wt%, that of disperse blue is 0.37wt% and the thickener is 6wt%.

[0208] Magnetic bar printing is performed on pure cotton 3D spacer fabric, the printing frame is fixed to the magnetic bar printing machine, and the travel distance and magnetic force of the magnetic bar are adjusted to adapt to the selected printing frame; after the magnetic bar printing machine is debugged, the 3D spacer fabric is placed under the printing frame in the warp direction, camouflage color paste is applied to one side of the magnetic bar, and the camouflage color paste is printed once under the rolling of the magnetic bar to obtain the printed 3D spacer fabric.

[0209] The printed 3D spacer fabric was pre-baked in an oven at 100°C for 5 minutes until dry, and then placed in a drying machine and baked at 170°C for 2 minutes.

[0210] Reduction cleaning is used to wash away the floating color of the printed 3D spacer fabric. 1g NaOH and 2g hydrosulfite are dissolved in 1L deionized water to prepare a reduction cleaning solution. The solution is washed in a water bath at 80℃ for 20min and dried to obtain the camouflage color fabric.

[0211] (2) Preparation of hydrogel precursor solution:

[0212] 4.5 g of sodium alginate, 8 g of acrylamide, 0.03 g of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide, and 0.3 g of photoinitiator-2959 were dissolved in 100 mL of water, and stirred at room temperature with a magnetic stirrer at 600 rpm for 4 h to prepare a hydrogel precursor solution.

[0213] (3) Preparation of porous elastomer:

[0214] Dow Corning 184 prepolymer and Dow Corning 184 curing agent were mixed and stirred evenly in a mass ratio of 10:1, 8 wt % of water was added to the mixture, and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour with a magnetic stirrer at 900 rpm to obtain an elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion.

[0215] The elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion was spread in the mold, vacuum degassed for 30 minutes, and cured at 60°C for 4 hours to form a porous film with a thickness of 1 mm.

[0216] The porous film was immersed in a 10 wt % benzophenone ethanol solution for 30 min, washed with ethanol three times, and purged with nitrogen to dryness to obtain a porous elastomer.

[0217] (4) Preparation of plant leaf bionic materials:

[0218] The camouflage fabric is impregnated with the hydrogel precursor solution, and the liquid carrying rate is 90%.

[0219] Pour the hydrogel precursor solution into the quartz glass mold covered with the porous elastomer and spread it with a weight of 250 g / m 2 , immersed in camouflage fabric impregnated with hydrogel precursor solution, then covered with another layer of porous elastomer, covered with a quartz glass plate, irradiated with 36W of 365nm ultraviolet light for 2h, the irradiation distance was 10cm, the sample was taken out of the mold, soaked in a 20wt% calcium chloride solution for 10min, and placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 25℃, 60%RH for 6h to obtain a composite material.

[0220] The composite material was immersed in silicone oil with a viscosity of 200 cSt for 5 minutes, taken out and allowed to stand vertically for 30 minutes to remove excess silicone oil, thereby obtaining a plant leaf bionic material.

[0221] Example 10

[0222] A method for preparing a plant leaf bionic material having both anti-fouling, self-cleaning and spectral simulation performances, comprising the steps of:

[0223] (1) Preparation of camouflage fabrics:

[0224] To prepare camouflage color paste, disperse yellow, disperse red, disperse blue and thickener are added into water and stirred to form a particle-free, viscous and uniform slurry. The concentration of disperse yellow is 0.25wt%, that of disperse red is 0.3wt%, that of disperse blue is 0.37wt% and the thickener is 6wt%.

[0225] Magnetic bar printing is performed on pure cotton 3D spacer fabric, the printing frame is fixed to the magnetic bar printing machine, and the travel distance and magnetic force of the magnetic bar are adjusted to adapt to the selected printing frame; after the magnetic bar printing machine is debugged, the 3D spacer fabric is placed under the printing frame in the warp direction, camouflage color paste is applied to one side of the magnetic bar, and the camouflage color paste is printed once under the rolling of the magnetic bar to obtain the printed 3D spacer fabric.

[0226] The printed 3D spacer fabric was pre-baked in an oven at 100°C for 5 minutes until dry, and then placed in a drying machine and baked at 170°C for 2 minutes.

[0227] Reduction cleaning is used to wash away the floating color of the printed 3D spacer fabric. 1g NaOH and 2g hydrosulfite are dissolved in 1L deionized water to prepare a reduction cleaning solution. The solution is washed in a water bath at 80℃ for 20min and dried to obtain the camouflage color fabric.

[0228] (2) Preparation of hydrogel precursor solution:

[0229] 4 g of sodium alginate, 13 g of acrylamide, 0.03 g of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide, and 0.3 g of photoinitiator-2959 were dissolved in 100 mL of water, and stirred at 900 rpm with a magnetic stirrer at room temperature for 3 h to prepare a hydrogel precursor solution.

[0230] (3) Preparation of porous elastomer:

[0231] Dow Corning 184 prepolymer and Dow Corning 184 curing agent were mixed and stirred evenly in a mass ratio of 9:1, 7 wt % of water was added to the mixture, and stirred at 700 rpm with a magnetic stirrer at room temperature for 2 hours to obtain an elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion.

[0232] The elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion was spread in the mold, vacuum degassed for 40 minutes, and cured at 70°C for 3 hours to form a porous film with a thickness of 1.5 mm.

[0233] The porous film was immersed in a benzophenone ethanol solution with a concentration of 7 wt % for 37 min, washed with ethanol three times, and purged with nitrogen gas to dryness to obtain a porous elastomer.

[0234] (4) Preparation of plant leaf bionic materials:

[0235] The camouflage fabric is impregnated with the hydrogel precursor solution, and the liquid carrying rate is 90%.

[0236] Pour the hydrogel precursor solution into the quartz glass mold covered with the porous elastomer and spread it with a weight of 300 g / m 2, immersed in camouflage fabric impregnated with hydrogel precursor solution, then covered with another layer of porous elastomer, covered with a quartz glass plate, irradiated with 36W of 365nm ultraviolet light for 2h, irradiation distance of 10cm, irradiation distance of 10cm, take out the sample from the mold, soak it in a 20wt% calcium chloride solution for 10min, and place it in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 25℃, 60%RH for 6h to obtain a composite material.

[0237] The composite material was immersed in silicone oil with a viscosity of 200 cSt for 5 minutes, taken out and allowed to stand vertically for 30 minutes to remove excess silicone oil, thereby obtaining a plant leaf bionic material.

[0238] Embodiment 11

[0239] A method for preparing a plant leaf bionic material having both anti-fouling, self-cleaning and spectral simulation performances, comprising the steps of:

[0240] (1) Preparation of camouflage fabrics:

[0241] To prepare camouflage color paste, disperse yellow, disperse red, disperse blue and thickener are added into water and stirred to form a particle-free, viscous and uniform slurry. The concentration of disperse yellow is 0.25wt%, that of disperse red is 0.3wt%, that of disperse blue is 0.37wt% and the thickener is 6wt%.

[0242] Magnetic bar printing is performed on pure cotton 3D spacer fabric, the printing frame is fixed to the magnetic bar printing machine, and the travel distance and magnetic force of the magnetic bar are adjusted to adapt to the selected printing frame; after the magnetic bar printing machine is debugged, the 3D spacer fabric is placed under the printing frame in the warp direction, camouflage color paste is applied to one side of the magnetic bar, and the camouflage color paste is printed once under the rolling of the magnetic bar to obtain the printed 3D spacer fabric.

[0243] The printed 3D spacer fabric was pre-baked in an oven at 100°C for 5 minutes until dry, and then placed in a drying machine and baked at 170°C for 2 minutes.

[0244] Reduction cleaning is used to wash away the floating color of the printed 3D spacer fabric. 1g NaOH and 2g hydrosulfite are dissolved in 1L deionized water to prepare a reduction cleaning solution. The solution is washed in a water bath at 80℃ for 20min and dried to obtain the camouflage color fabric.

[0245] (2) Preparation of hydrogel precursor solution:

[0246] 4 g of sodium alginate, 13 g of acrylamide, 0.03 g of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide, and 0.3 g of photoinitiator-2959 were dissolved in 100 mL of water, and stirred at 900 rpm with a magnetic stirrer at room temperature for 3 h to prepare a hydrogel precursor solution.

[0247] (3) Preparation of porous elastomer:

[0248] Dow Corning 184 prepolymer and Dow Corning 184 curing agent were mixed and stirred evenly in a mass ratio of 12:1, 9 wt % of water was added to the mixture, and stirred at room temperature with a magnetic stirrer at 1300 rpm for 0.5 h to obtain an elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion.

[0249] The elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion was spread in the mold, vacuum degassed for 20 minutes, and cured at 50° C. for 5 hours to form a porous film with a thickness of 0.5 mm.

[0250] The porous film was immersed in a 12 wt % benzophenone ethanol solution for 24 min, washed with ethanol three times, and purged with nitrogen to dryness to obtain a porous elastomer.

[0251] (4) Preparation of plant leaf bionic materials:

[0252] The camouflage fabric is impregnated with the hydrogel precursor solution, and the liquid carrying rate is 90%.

[0253] Pour the hydrogel precursor solution into the quartz glass mold covered with the porous elastomer and spread it with a weight of 100 g / m 2 , immersed in camouflage fabric impregnated with hydrogel precursor solution, then covered with another layer of porous elastomer, covered with a quartz glass plate, irradiated with 36W of 365nm ultraviolet light for 2h, the irradiation distance was 10cm, the sample was taken out of the mold, soaked in a 20wt% calcium chloride solution for 10min, and placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 25℃, 60%RH for 6h to obtain a composite material.

[0254] The composite material was immersed in silicone oil with a viscosity of 500 cSt for 5 minutes, taken out and allowed to stand vertically for 30 minutes to remove excess silicone oil, thereby obtaining a plant leaf bionic material.

[0255] Example 12

[0256] A method for preparing a plant leaf bionic material having both anti-fouling, self-cleaning and spectral simulation performances, comprising the steps of:

[0257] (1) Preparation of camouflage fabrics:

[0258] To prepare camouflage color paste, disperse yellow, disperse red, disperse blue and thickener are added into water and stirred to form a particle-free, viscous and uniform slurry. The concentration of disperse yellow is 0.25wt%, that of disperse red is 0.3wt%, that of disperse blue is 0.37wt% and the thickener is 6wt%.

[0259] Magnetic bar printing is performed on pure cotton 3D spacer fabric, the printing frame is fixed to the magnetic bar printing machine, and the travel distance and magnetic force of the magnetic bar are adjusted to adapt to the selected printing frame; after the magnetic bar printing machine is debugged, the 3D spacer fabric is placed under the printing frame in the warp direction, camouflage color paste is applied to one side of the magnetic bar, and the camouflage color paste is printed once under the rolling of the magnetic bar to obtain the printed 3D spacer fabric.

[0260] The printed 3D spacer fabric was pre-baked in an oven at 100°C for 5 minutes until dry, and then placed in a drying machine and baked at 170°C for 2 minutes.

[0261] Reduction cleaning is used to wash away the floating color of the printed 3D spacer fabric. 1g NaOH and 2g hydrosulfite are dissolved in 1L deionized water to prepare a reduction cleaning solution. The solution is washed in a water bath at 80℃ for 20min and dried to obtain the camouflage color fabric.

[0262] (2) Preparation of hydrogel precursor solution:

[0263] 4 g of sodium alginate, 13 g of acrylamide, 0.03 g of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide, and 0.3 g of photoinitiator-2959 were dissolved in 100 mL of water, and stirred at 900 rpm with a magnetic stirrer at room temperature for 3 h to prepare a hydrogel precursor solution.

[0264] (3) Preparation of porous elastomer:

[0265] Dow Corning 184 prepolymer and Dow Corning 184 curing agent were mixed and stirred evenly in a mass ratio of 10:1, 8 wt % of water was added to the mixture, and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour with a magnetic stirrer at 900 rpm to obtain an elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion.

[0266] The elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion was spread in the mold, vacuum degassed for 30 minutes, and cured at 60°C for 4 hours to form a porous film with a thickness of 1 mm.

[0267] The porous film was immersed in a 10 wt % benzophenone ethanol solution for 30 min, washed with ethanol three times, and purged with nitrogen to dryness to obtain a porous elastomer.

[0268] (4) Preparation of plant leaf bionic materials:

[0269] The camouflage fabric is impregnated with the hydrogel precursor solution, and the liquid carrying rate is 80%.

[0270] Pour the hydrogel precursor solution into the quartz glass mold covered with the porous elastomer and spread it with a weight of 150 g / m 2, immersed in camouflage fabric impregnated with hydrogel precursor solution, then covered with another layer of porous elastomer, covered with a quartz glass plate, irradiated with 36W of 365nm ultraviolet light for 2h, with an irradiation distance of 10cm, took out the sample from the mold, soaked in a calcium chloride solution with a concentration of 18wt% for 13min, and placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 27℃ and 55%RH for 7h to obtain a composite material.

[0271] The composite material was immersed in silicone oil with a viscosity of 100 cSt for 7 minutes, taken out and allowed to stand vertically for 40 minutes to remove excess silicone oil, thereby obtaining a plant leaf bionic material.

[0272] Embodiment 13

[0273] A method for preparing a plant leaf bionic material having both anti-fouling, self-cleaning and spectral simulation performances, comprising the steps of:

[0274] (1) Preparation of camouflage fabrics:

[0275] To prepare camouflage color paste, disperse yellow, disperse red, disperse blue and thickener are added into water and stirred to form a particle-free, viscous and uniform slurry. The concentration of disperse yellow is 0.25wt%, that of disperse red is 0.3wt%, that of disperse blue is 0.37wt% and the thickener is 6wt%.

[0276] Magnetic bar printing is performed on pure cotton 3D spacer fabric, the printing frame is fixed to the magnetic bar printing machine, and the travel distance and magnetic force of the magnetic bar are adjusted to adapt to the selected printing frame; after the magnetic bar printing machine is debugged, the 3D spacer fabric is placed under the printing frame in the warp direction, camouflage color paste is applied to one side of the magnetic bar, and the camouflage color paste is printed once under the rolling of the magnetic bar to obtain the printed 3D spacer fabric.

[0277] The printed 3D spacer fabric was pre-baked in an oven at 100°C for 5 minutes until dry, and then placed in a drying machine and baked at 170°C for 2 minutes.

[0278] Reduction cleaning is used to wash away the floating color of the printed 3D spacer fabric. 1g NaOH and 2g hydrosulfite are dissolved in 1L deionized water to prepare a reduction cleaning solution. The solution is washed in a water bath at 80℃ for 20min and dried to obtain the camouflage color fabric.

[0279] (2) Preparation of hydrogel precursor solution:

[0280] 4 g of sodium alginate, 13 g of acrylamide, 0.03 g of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide, and 0.3 g of photoinitiator-2959 were dissolved in 100 mL of water, and stirred at 900 rpm with a magnetic stirrer at room temperature for 3 h to prepare a hydrogel precursor solution.

[0281] (3) Preparation of porous elastomer:

[0282] Dow Corning 184 prepolymer and Dow Corning 184 curing agent were mixed and stirred evenly in a mass ratio of 10:1, 8 wt % of water was added to the mixture, and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour with a magnetic stirrer at 900 rpm to obtain an elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion.

[0283] The elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion was spread in the mold, vacuum degassed for 30 minutes, and cured at 60°C for 4 hours to form a porous film with a thickness of 1 mm.

[0284] The porous film was immersed in a 10 wt % benzophenone ethanol solution for 30 min, washed with ethanol three times, and purged with nitrogen to dryness to obtain a porous elastomer.

[0285] (4) Preparation of plant leaf bionic materials:

[0286] The camouflage fabric is impregnated with the hydrogel precursor solution, and the liquid carrying rate is 100%.

[0287] Pour the hydrogel precursor solution into the quartz glass mold covered with the porous elastomer, and spread it with a weight of 260 g / m 2 , immersed in camouflage fabric impregnated with hydrogel precursor solution, then covered with another layer of porous elastomer, covered with a quartz glass plate, irradiated with 36W of 365nm ultraviolet light for 2h, with an irradiation distance of 10cm, took out the sample from the mold, soaked in a 21wt% calcium chloride solution for 8min, and placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 23℃ and 62%RH for 5h to obtain a composite material.

[0288] The composite material was immersed in silicone oil with a viscosity of 300 cSt for 4 minutes, taken out and allowed to stand vertically for 25 minutes to remove excess silicone oil, thereby obtaining a plant leaf bionic material.

[0289] Embodiment 14

[0290] A method for preparing a plant leaf bionic material having both anti-fouling, self-cleaning and spectral simulation performances, comprising the steps of:

[0291] (1) Preparation of camouflage fabrics:

[0292] To prepare camouflage color paste, disperse yellow, disperse red, disperse blue and thickener are added into water and stirred to form a particle-free, viscous and uniform slurry. The concentration of disperse yellow is 0.25wt%, that of disperse red is 0.3wt%, that of disperse blue is 0.37wt% and the thickener is 6wt%.

[0293] Magnetic bar printing is performed on pure cotton 3D spacer fabric, the printing frame is fixed to the magnetic bar printing machine, and the travel distance and magnetic force of the magnetic bar are adjusted to adapt to the selected printing frame; after the magnetic bar printing machine is debugged, the 3D spacer fabric is placed under the printing frame in the warp direction, camouflage color paste is applied to one side of the magnetic bar, and the camouflage color paste is printed once under the rolling of the magnetic bar to obtain the printed 3D spacer fabric.

[0294] The printed 3D spacer fabric was pre-baked in an oven at 100°C for 5 minutes until dry, and then placed in a drying machine and baked at 170°C for 2 minutes.

[0295] Reduction cleaning is used to wash away the floating color of the printed 3D spacer fabric. 1g NaOH and 2g hydrosulfite are dissolved in 1L deionized water to prepare a reduction cleaning solution. The solution is washed in a water bath at 80℃ for 20min and dried to obtain the camouflage color fabric.

[0296] (2) Preparation of hydrogel precursor solution:

[0297] 4 g of sodium alginate, 13 g of acrylamide, 0.03 g of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide, and 0.3 g of photoinitiator-2959 were dissolved in 100 mL of water, and stirred at 900 rpm with a magnetic stirrer at room temperature for 3 h to prepare a hydrogel precursor solution.

[0298] (3) Preparation of porous elastomer:

[0299] Dow Corning 184 prepolymer and Dow Corning 184 curing agent were mixed and stirred evenly in a mass ratio of 10:1, 8 wt % of water was added to the mixture, and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour with a magnetic stirrer at 900 rpm to obtain an elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion.

[0300] The elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion was spread in the mold, vacuum degassed for 30 minutes, and cured at 60°C for 4 hours to form a porous film with a thickness of 1 mm.

[0301] The porous film was immersed in a 10 wt % benzophenone ethanol solution for 30 min, washed with ethanol three times, and purged with nitrogen to dryness to obtain a porous elastomer.

[0302] (4) Preparation of plant leaf bionic materials:

[0303] The camouflage fabric is impregnated with the hydrogel precursor solution, and the liquid carrying rate is 100%.

[0304] Pour the hydrogel precursor solution into the quartz glass mold covered with the porous elastomer, and spread it with a weight of 260 g / m 2, immersed in camouflage fabric impregnated with hydrogel precursor solution, then covered with another layer of porous elastomer, covered with a quartz glass plate, irradiated with 36W of 365nm ultraviolet light for 3h, the irradiation distance was 18cm, the sample was taken out of the mold, soaked in a 19wt% calcium chloride solution for 11min, and placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 28℃ and 58%RH for 5.5h to obtain a composite material.

[0305] The composite material was immersed in silicone oil with a viscosity of 300 cSt for 4 minutes, taken out and allowed to stand vertically for 25 minutes to remove excess silicone oil, thereby obtaining a plant leaf bionic material.

[0306] Comparative Example 1

[0307] A method for preparing a camouflage composite material comprises the following steps:

[0308] (1) Preparation of camouflage fabrics:

[0309] To prepare camouflage color paste, disperse yellow, disperse red, disperse blue and thickener are added into water and stirred to form a particle-free, viscous and uniform slurry. The concentration of disperse yellow is 0.25wt%, that of disperse red is 0.3wt%, that of disperse blue is 0.37wt% and the thickener is 6wt%.

[0310] Magnetic bar printing is performed on pure cotton 3D spacer fabric. The printing frame is fixed to the magnetic bar printing machine, and the travel distance and magnetic force of the magnetic bar are adjusted to adapt it to the selected printing frame. After the magnetic bar printing machine is debugged, the 3D spacer fabric is placed under the printing frame in the warp direction, and camouflage color paste is applied to one side of the magnetic bar. The camouflage color paste is printed once under the rolling of the magnetic bar.

[0311] The printed 3D spacer fabric was pre-baked in an oven at 100°C for 5 minutes until dry, and then placed in a drying machine and baked at 180°C for 2 minutes.

[0312] Reduction cleaning is used to wash away the floating color of the printed 3D interval fabric. 1g NaOH and 2g hydrosulfite are dissolved in 1L deionized water to prepare a reduction cleaning solution. The solution is washed in a water bath at 80℃ for 20min and dried to obtain the camouflage color 3D interval printed fabric.

[0313] (2) Preparation of hydrogel precursor solution:

[0314] 4 g of sodium alginate, 13 g of acrylamide, 0.03 g of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide, and 0.3 g of photoinitiator-2959 were dissolved in 100 mL of water, and stirred at 900 rpm with a magnetic stirrer for 3 h at room temperature to prepare a hydrogel precursor solution;

[0315] (3) Preparation of camouflage composite materials:

[0316] The camouflage fabric is impregnated with the hydrogel precursor solution, and the liquid carrying rate is 90%.

[0317] Pour the hydrogel precursor solution into a quartz glass mold and spread it with a weight of 100 g / m 2 , immersed in the camouflage fabric impregnated with the hydrogel precursor solution, irradiated with 36W of 365nm ultraviolet light for 2h, with an irradiation distance of 10cm, took out the sample from the mold, soaked in a 20wt% calcium chloride solution for 10min, and placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 25℃ and 60%RH for 6h to obtain a camouflage composite material.

[0318] Comparative Example 2

[0319] A method for preparing an antifouling camouflage composite material comprises the following steps:

[0320] (1) Preparation of camouflage fabrics:

[0321] To prepare camouflage color paste, disperse yellow, disperse red, disperse blue and thickener are added into water and stirred to form a particle-free, viscous and uniform slurry. The concentration of disperse yellow is 0.25wt%, that of disperse red is 0.3wt%, that of disperse blue is 0.37wt% and the thickener is 6wt%.

[0322] Magnetic bar printing is performed on pure cotton 3D spacer fabric. The printing frame is fixed to the magnetic bar printing machine, and the travel distance and magnetic force of the magnetic bar are adjusted to adapt it to the selected printing frame. After the magnetic bar printing machine is debugged, the 3D spacer fabric is placed under the printing frame in the warp direction, and camouflage color paste is applied to one side of the magnetic bar. The camouflage color paste is printed once under the rolling of the magnetic bar.

[0323] The printed 3D spacer fabric was pre-baked in an oven at 100°C for 5 minutes until dry, and then placed in a drying machine and baked at 180°C for 2 minutes.

[0324] Reduction cleaning is used to wash away the floating color of the printed 3D interval fabric. 1g NaOH and 2g hydrosulfite are dissolved in 1L deionized water to prepare a reduction cleaning solution. The solution is washed in a water bath at 80℃ for 20min and dried to obtain the camouflage color 3D interval printed fabric.

[0325] (2) Preparation of hydrogel precursor solution:

[0326] 4 g of sodium alginate, 13 g of acrylamide, 0.03 g of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide, and 0.3 g of photoinitiator-2959 were dissolved in 100 mL of water, and stirred at 900 rpm with a magnetic stirrer for 3 h at room temperature to prepare a hydrogel precursor solution;

[0327] (3) Preparation of camouflage composite materials:

[0328] The camouflage fabric is impregnated with the hydrogel precursor solution, and the liquid carrying rate is 90%.

[0329] Pour the hydrogel precursor solution into a quartz glass mold and spread it with a weight of 100 g / m 2 , immersed in the camouflage fabric impregnated with the hydrogel precursor solution, irradiated with 36W of 365nm ultraviolet light for 2h, with an irradiation distance of 10cm, took out the sample from the mold, soaked in a 20wt% calcium chloride solution for 10min, and placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 25℃ and 60%RH for 6h to obtain a camouflage composite material.

[0330] (4) Preparation of antifouling camouflage composite materials:

[0331] The antifouling spray liquid was prepared by completely dissolving 3.2 g of epoxy resin and 1 g of nano-silica in 12 mL of ethyl acetate, ultrasonically dispersing them in a cell crusher for 10 min, adding 1 g of polydimethylsiloxane precursor, and magnetically stirring at 900 rpm at 25 °C for 1.5 h to obtain a nanoparticle spray liquid.

[0332] The nanoparticle spray liquid was sprayed onto the surface of the camouflage composite material with a compressed air spray gun. The distance between the sample and the spray gun was 20 cm, the spraying time was 5 s, and it was naturally dried for 24 h to obtain an anti-fouling camouflage composite material.

[0333] The spectral curves of Example 1, Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and plant leaves after being washed by rainwater are shown in Figure 2 As shown. Example 1 and Control Examples 1 and 2 all have characteristic peaks of plant leaves in the visible light band range of 380-780nm, because all three have camouflage fabric layers that can simulate the visible light spectrum of plants. Example 1 and Control Examples 1 and 2 all have water absorption valleys of plant leaves at 1450nm and 1950nm, because all three have acrylamide / sodium alginate double network hydrogel structures.

[0334] After being washed by rain, the spectrum of the plant leaf bionic material prepared in Example 1 in the visible light band and the water absorption valley is still close to that of natural plant leaves, indicating that it has excellent plant spectrum simulation effect of being weather-resistant and durable.

[0335] Since there is no water-repellent and anti-fouling liquid-injected super-slip elastomer layer, the hydrogel layer of Control Example 1 is lost under rain erosion, and the water absorption valleys at 1450nm and 1950nm are not obvious, and the camouflage performance is significantly reduced. Since the camouflage color printing of the camouflage color fabric of Control Example 1 has a certain fastness, its spectrum in the visible light band is not affected by rain erosion.

[0336] Although the control example 2 was sprayed with nano-silica particles to construct a nano-rough structure with hydrophobic properties, the nano-silica antifouling layer was white, resulting in a significant difference in its spectrum in the visible light band and the water absorption valleys at 1450nm and 1950nm from those of plant leaves, resulting in poor camouflage performance.

[0337] The embodiments provided above are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the steps described are not intended to limit the execution order thereof. Those skilled in the art may make obvious improvements to the present invention in combination with existing common knowledge, which also fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plant leaf bionic material with both anti-fouling self-cleaning and spectral simulation performance, characterized in that: From bottom to top, they are: a first liquid-injected super-slippery elastomer layer, a hydrogel layer, a camouflage fabric layer, a hydrogel layer, and a second liquid-injected super-slippery elastomer layer; The liquid-injected super-lubricant elastomer layer is a porous elastomer filled with silicone oil in the gaps, and the first and second liquid-injected super-lubricant elastomer layers are made of the same or different materials; The hydrogel layer is one of a single network hydrogel or a double network hydrogel; The color of the camouflage fabric layer is one of dark green, medium green, yellow-green, and light green.

2. The plant leaf bionic material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the liquid-injected super-slip elastomer layer is 0.2 to 0.7 mm, the thickness of the hydrogel layer is 0.2 to 1 mm, and the thickness of the camouflage fabric layer is 0.2 to 1 mm.

3. A method for preparing the plant leaf bionic material according to claim 1, characterized in that: Includes steps: (1) Preparing camouflage color fabric: printing the fabric with camouflage color paste, pre-drying, baking and washing to obtain the camouflage color fabric; (2) preparing a hydrogel precursor solution: dissolving a monomer and a cross-linking agent in water, and stirring to prepare a hydrogel precursor solution; (3) Preparing a porous elastomer: mixing a prepolymer, a curing agent and water, stirring evenly to obtain an elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion, spreading it in a mold, vacuum degassing and curing it to form a porous film, soaking the porous film in an initiator solution, then taking it out and blowing it with nitrogen to dryness to obtain a porous elastomer; (4) Preparation of plant leaf bionic materials: impregnating camouflage fabric with a hydrogel precursor solution, pouring the hydrogel precursor solution into a mold covered with a porous elastomer, immersing the camouflage fabric impregnated with the hydrogel precursor solution, laying another layer of porous elastomer, taking it out of the mold after ultraviolet irradiation, soaking it in a calcium chloride solution and then placing it at a constant temperature and humidity to obtain a composite material; immersing the composite material in silicone oil, removing excess silicone oil, and obtaining a plant leaf bionic material.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step (1), the fabric material is one of polyester-cotton blended, pure polyester, and pure cotton; the fabric structure is 3D spacer fabric; and the camouflage color paste color is one of dark green, medium green, yellow-green, and light green.

5. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step (1), the printing method of the stamp is to use magnetic bar printing, printing 1 to 2 times; the pre-baking temperature is 90 to 110° C., the pre-baking time is 5 to 10 minutes; the baking temperature is 160 to 200° C., and the baking time is 1 to 4 minutes.

6. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step (1), the dye of the camouflage color paste is a disperse dye; and the cleaning is reduction cleaning.

7. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step (2), the monomer is one or more of acrylamide, sodium alginate, chitosan, and ethylene glycol diacrylate; the crosslinking agent is N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide; and the photoinitiator is photoinitiator-2959.

8. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step (2), the total monomer concentration of the hydrogel precursor solution is 5 to 20 g / 100 mL; the crosslinker concentration is 0.03 to 0.05 g / 100 mL; the photoinitiator concentration is 0.3 to 0.5 g / 100 mL; the stirring temperature is 20 to 30° C., the rotation speed is 500 to 1500 rpm, and the stirring time is 2 to 4 h.

9. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step (2), the monomers are acrylamide and sodium alginate, the acrylamide concentration of the hydrogel precursor solution is 9-15 g / 100 mL, and the sodium alginate concentration is 2-5 g / 100 mL.

10. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step (3), the prepolymer is Dow Corning 184 prepolymer; the curing agent is Dow Corning 184 curing agent; the initiator is one of benzophenone, 4-methylbenzophenone, benzoyl peroxide, photoinitiator-2959, ammonium persulfate, and potassium persulfate; and the solvent of the initiator solution is one of ethanol and acetone.

11. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step (3), the mass ratio of the prepolymer to the curing agent is 8 to 12:1; the amount of water used is 6 to 10% of the total mass of the prepolymer and the curing agent; the stirring temperature is 20 to 30° C., the rotation speed is 500 to 1500 rpm, and the stirring time is 0.5 to 2 h; the vacuum degassing time of the elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion is 20 to 40 min; the curing temperature is 50 to 70° C., and the curing time is 3 to 5 h; the initiator concentration of the initiator solution is 5 to 15 wt%, and the soaking time is 20 to 40 min.

12. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step (4), the viscosity of the silicone oil at 25° C. is 3 to 500 cSt.

13. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step (4), the camouflage fabric is impregnated with the hydrogel precursor solution to a liquid content of 75-100%; the spread weight of the hydrogel precursor solution in the mold is 100-300 g / m 2 .

14. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step (4), the wavelength of ultraviolet irradiation is 300-400nm, the time of ultraviolet irradiation is 1-3h, the intensity of ultraviolet irradiation is 20-50w, and the distance of ultraviolet irradiation is 4-20cm; the concentration of calcium chloride solution is 15-25wt%, and the immersion time is 5-15min; the temperature of constant temperature and humidity placement is 20-30°C, the humidity is 50-70%RH, and the placement time is 4-8h; the silicone oil immersion time is 2-8min.

15. An application of the plant leaf bionic material according to claim 1, characterized in that: Used for preparing shelters, military camouflage, and countering hyperspectral reconnaissance.

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