Device and method for releasing welding residual stress of heavy-load box-type steel structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of steel structure machining, in particular to a heavy-load box type steel structure welding residual stress releasing device and method.The heavy-load box type steel structure welding residual stress releasing device comprises a rectangular plate, a strip-shaped hole is formed in the rectangular plate, a movable seat is slidably mounted in the strip-shaped hole, and an impact rod is slidably mounted on the movable seat; an impact block is fixedly installed at one end of the impact rod, the impact rod is sleeved with a telescopic spring, a rectangular block is fixedly installed at one end of the impact rod, a U-shaped frame is installed on the movable seat through a reciprocating assembly, trapezoidal blocks are installed at the two ends of the U-shaped frame through first spring rods, and a separation assembly is arranged on the movable seat. Through mutual cooperation of the reciprocating assembly, the U-shaped frame, the trapezoidal block, the separation assembly, the impact rod and the telescopic spring, the impact block is driven to continuously knock the welding position of a steel structure, residual stress at the welding position is removed, manual knocking by workers is not needed, operation is easy, time and labor are saved, and the workload of the workers is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of steel structure processing, and in particular to a device and method for releasing residual stress in welding of a heavy-loaded box-type steel structure. Background Art

[0002] Heavy-loaded box-type steel structure is a structural form widely used in the fields of construction, bridges, machinery manufacturing, etc. It is usually welded from four steel plates with a box-shaped cross-section. This structure has good bearing capacity and stability and can withstand large loads and external forces. During the welding process of heavy-loaded box-type steel structure, welding residual stress will be generated due to local high temperature and uneven cooling. These residual stresses may cause deformation and cracking of the steel structure, reducing its bearing capacity and service life. Therefore, after welding, the residual stress needs to be released in time.

[0003] Tapping is a common method to remove residual stress. After the welding of steel structures is completed, operators usually use hammers to continuously tap the welds of the steel structures. However, manual tapping is very inconvenient, time-consuming and labor-intensive, which increases the workload of operators. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the following shortcomings in the prior art: the manual knocking method is very inconvenient, time-consuming and labor-intensive, and increases the workload of the operator, and a heavy-duty box-type steel structure welding residual stress release device is proposed.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A device for relieving residual stress of welding of heavy-duty box-shaped steel structure, comprising a rectangular plate, symmetrically provided with mounting holes, two mounting holes each provided with an adsorption assembly for adsorption on the steel structure, a strip hole provided on the rectangular plate, a movable seat slidably installed in the strip hole via a sliding assembly;

[0007] The movable seat is provided with a movable hole, an impact rod is vertically slidably installed in the movable hole, an impact block is fixedly installed at one end of the impact rod, a telescopic spring is sleeved on the impact rod, and the two ends of the telescopic spring are respectively fixedly connected to the impact block and the movable seat, and a rectangular block is fixedly installed at one end of the impact rod away from the impact block, and a rectangular hole is provided on the rectangular block;

[0008] A U-shaped frame is installed on the movable seat through a reciprocating component, and trapezoidal blocks are installed on both ends of the U-shaped frame through a first spring rod. The inclined surfaces of the two trapezoidal blocks are both facing the movable seat, and a separation component is provided on the movable seat for driving the two trapezoidal blocks to move away from each other.

[0009] As a preferred solution, the reciprocating assembly includes a support plate fixedly mounted on a moving seat, a reciprocating screw, a driving motor fixedly mounted at one end of the support plate, and a lifting block threadedly sleeved on the reciprocating screw. A lifting hole is provided on the support plate, and the reciprocating screw is rotatably mounted in the lifting hole. One end of the reciprocating screw passes through the lifting hole and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving motor. The lifting block is slidably arranged in the lifting hole, and the lifting block is fixedly connected to the U-shaped frame.

[0010] As a preferred solution, the separation assembly includes two inclined plates that are respectively tilted and fixedly installed on two trapezoidal blocks through connecting rods, a square block installed on a movable seat through a supporting component, and a triangular block fixedly installed on the square block. The square block and the triangular block are both located on the moving path of the two inclined plates, and the two inclined plates are in an inverted eight shape.

[0011] As a preferred solution, the support assembly includes a first support column fixedly mounted on a movable seat, a second support column, a support rod fixedly mounted on the second support column, and a limiting part for limiting the mutual movement of the first support column and the second support column, a movable groove is opened at the upper end of the first support column, one end of the second support column is slidably inserted in the movable groove, and the square block is fixedly connected to the support rod.

[0012] As a preferred solution, a plurality of limiting holes connected to the movable grooves are provided on the side of the first support column, and an insertion hole is provided on the side of the second support column. The limiting part includes a second spring rod fixedly mounted on the first support column and a limiting block fixedly mounted on one end of the second spring rod, and one end of the limiting block passes through one of the limiting holes and is inserted into the insertion hole.

[0013] As a preferred solution, the inner walls on both sides of the strip-shaped hole are provided with sliding grooves, and the sliding assembly includes two sliding blocks respectively slidably installed in the two sliding grooves, and the two sliding blocks are fixedly connected to the moving seat.

[0014] As a preferred solution, the adsorption assembly includes an adsorption cylinder fixedly installed in the mounting hole, a suction cup fixedly installed at one end of the adsorption cylinder, a sealing plate sealingly and slidably installed in the adsorption cylinder, and a movable assembly for driving the sealing plate to move, and the suction cup is connected to the interior of the adsorption cylinder.

[0015] As a preferred solution, the movable component includes a bracket fixedly installed on the end of the adsorption cylinder away from the suction cup, a threaded rod and an adjustment block fixedly installed on one end of the threaded rod, a threaded hole is opened on the bracket, the threaded rod is threadedly inserted in the threaded hole, and the end of the threaded rod away from the adjustment block is rotatably connected to the sealing plate.

[0016] As a preferred solution, a pushing handle is fixedly mounted on the side of the movable seat, a cylinder is fixedly mounted on the pushing handle, a cylindrical groove is provided at one end of the cylinder close to the rectangular plate, a movable column is installed in the cylindrical groove through a reset spring, a spherical groove is provided at one end of the movable column away from the reset spring, a ball is rolled and embedded in the spherical groove, a plurality of limit grooves are provided on the upper surface of the rectangular plate, and the ball is inserted in one of the limit grooves.

[0017] A method for releasing residual stress from welding of a heavy-duty box-shaped steel structure, comprising the following steps:

[0018] The rectangular plate is fixed to the steel structure through the adsorption component, and the impact block is aligned at the welding point, and then the moving seat is pushed to move horizontally along the welding point. During the movement of the moving seat, the reciprocating component will drive the two trapezoidal blocks to move up and down through the U-shaped frame. At the same time, the separation component can continuously drive the impact rod to move back and forth. Under the action of the elastic force of the telescopic spring, the impact block is driven to hit the welding point of the steel structure, thereby removing the residual stress at the welding point.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. Through the cooperation of the reciprocating assembly, U-shaped frame, trapezoidal block, separation assembly, impact rod and telescopic spring, the moving seat is driven to move on the rectangular plate, so that the impact block continuously strikes the welding part of the steel structure, thereby removing the residual stress at the welding part. There is no need for manual knocking by the staff, which is simple to operate, saves time and effort, and effectively reduces the workload of the staff.

[0021] 2. Through the cooperation of the first support column, the second support column, the second spring rod and the limit block, the distance between the square block and the triangular block and the moving seat is adjusted. The farther the distance, the greater the impact force of the impact block on the welding point each time, and the closer the distance, the smaller the impact force of the impact block on the welding point each time. The impact force of each impact can be adjusted according to the welding point of the steel structure to ensure that the residual stress at the welding point is effectively removed under the appropriate impact force.

[0022] 3. Through the cooperation of the adsorption cylinder, suction cup, sealing plate and moving components, the device can be effectively adsorbed on the steel structure and fixed. It is easy to use and has strong stability.

[0023] 4. The push handle, cylinder, return spring, movable column, ball and limit groove cooperate with each other. Each time the ball is inserted into one of the limit grooves, the impact block hits the weld once, thereby ensuring that the impact block can hit the weld evenly and remove the residual stress more evenly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1It is a left-side stereoscopic structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a right-side stereoscopic structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The enlarged structural diagram at B in the middle;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional partial cross-sectional structure of an adsorption component;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a reciprocating component;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional exploded structure of the support assembly;

[0031] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional partial cross-sectional structure of the cylinder, the moving column and the ball.

[0032] In the figure: 1 rectangular plate, 2 moving seat, 3 impact rod, 4 impact block, 5 telescopic spring, 6 rectangular block, 7 U-shaped frame, 8 first spring rod, 9 trapezoidal block, 10 support plate, 11 reciprocating screw rod, 12 driving motor, 13 lifting block, 14 connecting rod, 15 inclined plate, 16 square block, 17 triangular block, 18 first support column, 19 second support column, 20 support rod, 21 limiting hole, 22 jack, 23 second spring rod, 24 limiting block, 25 slider, 26 adsorption cylinder, 27 suction cup, 28 sealing plate, 29 bracket, 30 threaded rod, 31 adjustment block, 32 push handle, 33 cylinder, 34 reset spring, 35 moving column, 36 limiting groove, 37 ball. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0034] Reference Figure 1-Figure 8A device for releasing residual stress in welding of a heavy-loaded box-type steel structure comprises a rectangular plate 1, symmetrically provided with mounting holes, both mounting holes being provided with adsorption components for adsorption on the steel structure, a strip hole being provided on the rectangular plate 1, a movable seat 2 being slidably installed in the strip hole through a sliding component, and sliding grooves being provided on the inner walls on both sides of the strip hole, the sliding component comprising two sliders 25 respectively slidably installed in the two sliding grooves, both sliders 25 being fixedly connected with the movable seat 2, the movable seat 2 being horizontally slidably installed on the rectangular plate 1 through the sliders 25, and the sliders 25 can reduce the friction between the movable seat 2 and the rectangular plate 1.

[0035] The adsorption assembly includes an adsorption cylinder 26 fixedly installed in the mounting hole, a suction cup 27 fixedly installed at one end of the adsorption cylinder 26, a sealing plate 28 sealingly and slidably installed in the adsorption cylinder 26, and a moving assembly for driving the sealing plate 28 to move. The moving assembly includes a bracket 29 fixedly installed at one end of the adsorption cylinder 26 away from the suction cup 27, a threaded rod 30, and an adjustment block 31 fixedly installed at one end of the threaded rod 30. A threaded hole is opened on the bracket 29, and the threaded rod 30 is threadedly inserted in the threaded hole. One end of the threaded rod 30 away from the adjustment block 31 is rotatably connected to the sealing plate 28, the suction cup 27 is connected to the inside of the adsorption cylinder 26, and the rectangular plate 1 During installation, two adsorption cylinders 26 are placed at both ends of the welding point, the movable seat 2 is moved to the welding point, and then the suction cup 27 is brought into contact with the surface of the steel structure. At this time, a closed space is formed between the steel structure, the suction cup 27, the adsorption cylinder 26 and the sealing plate 28. Then the adjustment block 31 is rotated to drive the threaded rod 30 to rotate. Under the action of the threaded hole opened on the bracket 29, the threaded rod 30 will drive the sealing plate 28 to move away from the suction cup 27. At this time, the closed space becomes larger and the pressure decreases. Under the action of pressure, the suction cup 27 and the adsorption cylinder 26 will be firmly adsorbed on the steel structure, thereby installing the rectangular plate 1 on the steel structure.

[0036] A moving hole is provided on the moving seat 2, and an impact rod 3 is vertically slidably installed in the moving hole. An impact block 4 is fixedly installed at one end of the impact rod 3. A telescopic spring 5 is sleeved on the impact rod 3. The two ends of the telescopic spring 5 are respectively fixedly connected to the impact block 4 and the moving seat 2. A rectangular block 6 is fixedly installed at the end of the impact rod 3 away from the impact block 4, and a rectangular hole is provided on the rectangular block 6.

[0037] The impact rod 3 is vertically slidably installed on the moving seat 2, and the impact block 4 is aligned with the welding position. When the impact rod 3 is pulled to move away from the welding position, the impact block 4 will be driven away from the welding position, and the telescopic spring 5 will be compressed at the same time. Then the impact rod 3 is released, and under the action of the elastic force of the telescopic spring 5, the impact block 4 will be driven to move toward the welding position until the impact block 4 hits the welding position to knock it and remove the residual stress at the welding position.

[0038] A U-shaped frame 7 is installed on the moving seat 2 through a reciprocating component, and trapezoidal blocks 9 are installed on both ends of the U-shaped frame 7 through a first spring rod 8. The inclined surfaces of the two trapezoidal blocks 9 are both facing the moving seat 2. The moving seat 2 is provided with a separation component for driving the two trapezoidal blocks 9 away from each other.

[0039] The reciprocating assembly includes a support plate 10 fixedly mounted on the moving seat 2, a reciprocating screw 11, a driving motor 12 fixedly mounted at one end of the support plate 10, and a lifting block 13 threadedly sleeved on the reciprocating screw 11. A lifting hole is opened on the support plate 10, and the reciprocating screw 11 is rotatably mounted in the lifting hole. One end of the reciprocating screw 11 passes through the lifting hole and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving motor 12. The lifting block 13 is slidably arranged in the lifting hole. The lifting block 13 is fixedly connected to the U-shaped frame 7. The separation assembly includes two inclined plates 15 that are respectively and obliquely fixedly mounted on the two trapezoidal blocks 9 through connecting rods 14, a square block 16 that is mounted on the moving seat 2 through a supporting component, and a triangular block 17 that is fixedly mounted on the square block 16. The square block 16 and the triangular block 17 are both located on the moving path of the two inclined plates 15, and the two inclined plates 15 are in an inverted eight shape.

[0040] The U-shaped frame 7 is installed on the lifting block 13. When the device is in use, the drive motor 12 is started, and the reciprocating screw rod 11 is driven to rotate through the output shaft of the drive motor 12. Under the action of the reciprocating screw rod 11, the lifting block 13 can be driven to move up and down on the support plate 10, thereby driving the U-shaped frame 7 to move up and down on the support plate 10. When the U-shaped frame 7 moves vertically downward, it will drive the two trapezoidal blocks 9 to move toward the rectangular block 6 on the impact rod 3. The inclined surface of the trapezoidal block 9 contacts the rectangular block 6. Under the action of the inclined surface, the two trapezoidal blocks 9 will move away from each other, and the first spring rod 8 will be compressed until one end of the two trapezoidal blocks 9 moves to the rectangular hole. Under the action of the elastic force of the first spring rod 8, one end of the trapezoidal block 9 will be inserted into the rectangular hole. When the U-shaped frame 7 moves vertically upward, When moving, the two trapezoidal blocks 9 will drive the impact rod 3 to move vertically upward under the action of the rectangular block 6, the telescopic spring 5 is compressed, and the U-shaped frame 7 will drive the two inclined plates 15 to move toward the square block 16 and the triangular block 17 through the two trapezoidal blocks 9 while moving vertically. When the two inclined plates 15 are in contact with the square block 16, the two trapezoidal blocks 9 will be driven away from each other under the action of the inclined surface of the inclined plate 15. At this time, one end of the two trapezoidal blocks 9 moves out of the rectangular hole, and the rectangular block 6 is separated from the two trapezoidal blocks 9. Under the action of the elastic force of the telescopic spring 5, the impact rod 3 drives the impact block 4 to hit the welding part of the steel structure, thereby removing the residual stress at the welding part. There is no need for manual knocking by the staff. The operation is simple, time-saving and labor-saving, and the workload of the staff is effectively reduced.

[0041] As the two trapezoidal blocks 9 continue to move upward, the two inclined plates 15 will move above the square block 16 and the triangular block 17. When the lifting block 13 drives the U-shaped frame 7 to move vertically downward, one end of the two inclined plates 15 contacts the inclined surfaces on both sides of the triangular block 17, thereby driving the two inclined plates 15 away from each other, so that the two inclined plates 15 can move to just below the square block 16.

[0042] The support assembly includes a first support column 18 fixedly mounted on the movable seat 2, a second support column 19, a support rod 20 fixedly mounted on the second support column 19, and a limiting part for limiting the mutual movement of the first support column 18 and the second support column 19. A movable groove is provided at the upper end of the first support column 18, one end of the second support column 19 is slidably inserted in the movable groove, the square block 16 is fixedly connected to the support rod 20, a plurality of limiting holes 21 connected to the movable groove are provided on the side of the first support column 18, and a socket 22 is provided on the side of the second support column 19. The limiting part includes a second spring rod 23 fixedly mounted on the first support column 18 and a limiting block 24 fixedly mounted at one end of the second spring rod 23, one end of the limiting block 24 passes through one of the limiting holes 21 and is inserted in the socket 22.

[0043] The square block 16 and the triangular block 17 are installed on the movable seat 2 through the first support column 18 and the second support column 19. Under the action of the elastic force of the second spring rod 23, one end of the limit block 24 is inserted into the limit hole 21 and the plug hole 22, thereby limiting the mutual movement of the first support column 18 and the second support column 19. A plurality of limit holes 21 are provided on the first support column 18. The limit block 24 can be inserted into different limit holes 21 to adjust the overall height of the first support column 18 and the second support column 19, thereby adjusting the distance between the square block 16 and the triangular block 17 and the movable seat 2. When the distance between the square block 16 and the triangular block 17 and the movable seat 2 is large, the trapezoidal block 9 drives the impact rod 3 to move. The greater the distance moved, the greater the deformation of the telescopic spring 5 is compressed. When the impact rod 3 is released, the greater the impact force of the impact block 4 on the weld is. When the distance between the square block 16 and the triangular block 17 and the moving seat 2 is small, the smaller the distance moved by the trapezoidal block 9 to the impact rod 3 is, the smaller the deformation of the telescopic spring 5 is compressed. When the impact rod 3 is released, the smaller the impact force of the impact block 4 on the weld is. The impact force of the impact block 4 on the weld can be adjusted according to the size of the weld of the steel structure to avoid excessive or insufficient impact force of the impact block 4 on the weld, so as to ensure that the residual stress at the weld is effectively removed under appropriate impact force.

[0044] A pushing handle 32 is fixedly installed on the side of the moving seat 2, and a cylinder 33 is fixedly installed on the pushing handle 32. A cylindrical groove is provided at one end of the cylinder 33 close to the rectangular plate 1, and a moving column 35 is installed in the cylindrical groove through a reset spring 34. A spherical groove is provided at one end of the moving column 35 away from the reset spring 34, and a ball 37 is rolled and embedded in the spherical groove. A plurality of limiting grooves 36 are provided on the upper surface of the rectangular plate 1, and the ball 37 is inserted in one of the limiting grooves 36.

[0045] When the reciprocating assembly continuously drives the impact block 4 to impact the welding point, the moving seat 2 is driven to move on the rectangular plate 1 by pushing the handle 32, thereby driving the impact rod 3 and the impact block 4 to move along the welding point. The multiple limit grooves 36 opened on the rectangular plate 1 are arranged equidistantly on the rectangular plate 1. When the moving seat 2 moves, the ball 37 will move on the surface of the rectangular plate 1. When the ball 37 moves to the limit groove 36, under the action of the elastic force of the return spring 34, the ball 37 will be inserted into the limit groove 36. The depth of the limit groove 36 is less than the radius of the ball 37. Therefore, when the moving seat 2 continues to move, the ball 37 can be moved out of the limit groove 36. Every time the ball 37 is inserted into the limit groove 36, the impact block 4 will impact the welding point once, thereby ensuring that the impact block 4 can evenly impact the welding point, so that the residual stress is removed more evenly.

[0046] In the present invention, the rectangular plate 1 is fixed to the steel structure through the adsorption component, and the impact block 4 is aligned with the welding part, and then the moving seat 2 is pushed to move horizontally along the welding part. During the movement of the moving seat 2, the reciprocating component will drive the two trapezoidal blocks 9 to move up and down through the U-shaped frame 7, and at the same time, the separation component can continuously drive the impact rod 3 to move back and forth. Under the action of the elastic force of the telescopic spring 5, the impact block 4 is driven to hit the welding part of the steel structure, thereby removing the residual stress at the welding part. There is no need for manual knocking by the staff, the operation is simple, time-saving and labor-saving, and the workload of the staff is effectively reduced.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for relieving residual stress in welding of a heavy-duty box-shaped steel structure, comprising a rectangular plate (1), characterized in that: The rectangular plate (1) is symmetrically provided with mounting holes, and adsorption components for adsorption on the steel structure are provided in the two mounting holes; the rectangular block (1) is provided with a strip hole, and a movable seat (2) is slidably installed in the strip hole via a sliding component; The movable seat (2) is provided with a movable hole, an impact rod (3) is vertically slidably installed in the movable hole, an impact block (4) is fixedly installed on one end of the impact rod (3), a telescopic spring (5) is sleeved on the impact rod (3), and the two ends of the telescopic spring (5) are respectively fixedly connected to the impact block (4) and the movable seat (2), and a rectangular block (6) is fixedly installed on the end of the impact rod (3) away from the impact block (4), and the rectangular block (6) is provided with a rectangular hole; A U-shaped frame (7) is installed on the movable seat (2) via a reciprocating assembly, and trapezoidal blocks (9) are installed on both ends of the U-shaped frame (7) via a first spring rod (8), the inclined surfaces of the two trapezoidal blocks (9) are both facing the movable seat (2), and a separation assembly for driving the two trapezoidal blocks (9) to move away from each other is provided on the movable seat (2).

2. A device for relieving residual stress in welding of heavy-duty box-shaped steel structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reciprocating assembly comprises a support plate (10) fixedly mounted on a movable seat (2), a reciprocating screw rod (11), a driving motor (12) fixedly mounted on one end of the support plate (10), and a lifting block (13) threadedly sleeved on the reciprocating screw rod (11); a lifting hole is provided on the support plate (10); the reciprocating screw rod (11) is rotatably mounted in the lifting hole; one end of the reciprocating screw rod (11) passes through the lifting hole and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving motor (12); the lifting block (13) is slidably arranged in the lifting hole; and the lifting block (13) is fixedly connected to the U-shaped frame (7).

3. The device for relieving residual stress in welding of heavy-duty box-shaped steel structures according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The separation assembly comprises two inclined plates (15) which are respectively fixedly and obliquely mounted on two trapezoidal blocks (9) via connecting rods (14), a square block (16) which is mounted on a movable seat (2) via a supporting component, and a triangular block (17) which is fixedly mounted on the square block (16). The square block (16) and the triangular block (17) are both located on the moving paths of the two inclined plates (15), and the two inclined plates (15) are in an inverted figure eight shape.

4. A device for relieving residual stress in welding of heavy-duty box-shaped steel structures according to claim 3, characterized in that: The support assembly comprises a first support column (18) fixedly mounted on a movable seat (2), a second support column (19), a support rod (20) fixedly mounted on the second support column (19), and a limiting part for limiting the mutual movement of the first support column (18) and the second support column (19); a movable groove is provided at the upper end of the first support column (18), one end of the second support column (19) is slidably inserted in the movable groove, and the square block (16) is fixedly connected to the support rod (20).

5. A device for relieving residual stress in welding of heavy-duty box-shaped steel structures according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first support column (18) has a plurality of limiting holes (21) on its side, all of which are connected to the movable grooves. The second support column (19) has a plug hole (22) on its side. The limiting part comprises a second spring rod (23) fixedly mounted on the first support column (18) and a limiting block (24) fixedly mounted on one end of the second spring rod (23). One end of the limiting block (24) passes through one of the limiting holes (21) and is inserted into the plug hole (22).

6. The device for relieving residual stress in welding of heavy-duty box-shaped steel structures according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Slide grooves are provided on the inner walls on both sides of the strip-shaped hole, and the sliding assembly comprises two sliding blocks (25) respectively slidably mounted in the two sliding grooves, and the two sliding blocks (25) are fixedly connected to the moving seat (2).

7. The device for relieving residual stress in welding of heavy-duty box-shaped steel structures according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The adsorption assembly comprises an adsorption cylinder (26) fixedly mounted in the mounting hole, a suction cup (27) fixedly mounted at one end of the adsorption cylinder (26), a sealing plate (28) sealingly slidably mounted in the adsorption cylinder (26), and a moving assembly for driving the sealing plate (28) to move, wherein the suction cup (27) is connected to the interior of the adsorption cylinder (26).

8. A device for relieving residual stress in welding of heavy-duty box-shaped steel structures according to claim 7, characterized in that: The moving assembly comprises a bracket (29) fixedly mounted on an end of the adsorption cylinder (26) away from the suction cup (27), a threaded rod (30) and an adjustment block (31) fixedly mounted on one end of the threaded rod (30); a threaded hole is formed on the bracket (29), the threaded rod (30) is threadedly inserted into the threaded hole, and one end of the threaded rod (30) away from the adjustment block (31) is rotatably connected to the sealing plate (28).

9. A device for relieving residual stress in welding of heavy-duty box-shaped steel structures according to claim 8, characterized in that: A push handle (32) is fixedly mounted on the side of the movable seat (2), a cylinder (33) is fixedly mounted on the push handle (32), a cylindrical groove is provided at one end of the cylindrical body (33) close to the rectangular plate (1), a movable column (35) is installed in the cylindrical groove via a return spring (34), a spherical groove is provided at one end of the movable column (35) away from the return spring (34), a ball (37) is roamingly embedded in the spherical groove, a plurality of limiting grooves (36) are provided on the upper surface of the rectangular plate (1), and the ball (37) is inserted in one of the limiting grooves (36).

10. The method for releasing residual stress of a heavy-duty box-shaped steel structure welding device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The steps are: The rectangular plate (1) is fixed to the steel structure by an adsorption component, and the impact block (4) is aligned at the welding position, and then the moving seat (2) is pushed to move horizontally along the welding position. During the movement of the moving seat (2), the reciprocating component drives the two trapezoidal blocks (9) to move up and down through the U-shaped frame (7), and at the same time, the separation component can continuously drive the impact rod (3) to move back and forth. Under the action of the elastic force of the telescopic spring (5), the impact block (4) is driven to impact the welding position of the steel structure, thereby removing the residual stress at the welding position.

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