Water diversion type power station ecological water discharge pipe and reservoir area sand discharge pipe structure and sand discharge method
By designing an ecological water drainage pipe in a water diversion power station as a sand drainage pipe structure in the reservoir area, and using control valves for time-sharing and zoning operations, the continuous discharge of silt in the reservoir area is achieved, the problem of silt silt affecting power generation efficiency is solved, and the continuous operation and efficient power generation of the hydropower station are maintained.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411816857.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-11
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-28
AI Technical Summary
The silt problem in the reservoir area of the water-diversion power station has led to a decrease in the power generation efficiency, and the existing technology needs to stop power generation and discharge sand, which affects the regulation capacity and power generation efficiency of the power station.
A water diversion power station ecological water drainage pipe is designed as a reservoir area sand drainage pipe structure. Through multiple water drainage pipes arranged side by side, control valves are used to perform time-sharing and partitioning operations, and the silt and sand in the reservoir area is continuously discharged to meet the downstream ecological flow needs and realize continuous sand drainage in the reservoir area.
By continuously utilizing ecological flow to discharge sand, the disadvantages of stopping power generation for sand discharge are avoided, and the continuous diversion and power generation of hydropower stations are maintained, and the power generation efficiency of water diversion power stations is improved.
Smart Images
Figure CN119531317A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and in particular to a water diversion type power station ecological water discharge pipe also serving as a reservoir area sand discharge pipe structure and a sand discharge method. Background Art
[0002] Water diversion power stations are widely used in water conservancy and hydropower projects. For rivers with a lot of sediment in mountainous areas, part of the sediment carried by the river flow is deposited in the reservoir area, and the other part enters the downstream river channel with the downstream water flow or power generation water flow. With the operation of the reservoir, the sediment deposited in the reservoir area gradually increases. The storage capacity of water diversion power stations is usually small. If the sediment deposited in the reservoir area cannot be removed in time, it will affect the water intake capacity of the power generation import; for power stations with daily regulation capacity, it will also cause a reduction in the regulation reservoir capacity, affecting the regulation capacity of the power station, etc.; all of these will directly affect the power generation efficiency of the hydropower station.
[0003] In order to deal with the sedimentation problem in the reservoir area of the diversion power station, the measures usually taken are: when the sedimentation in the reservoir area reaches a certain level, combined with the water flow in the reservoir, the power generation and water diversion are stopped in time, the sand discharge gate is opened, and the sediment accumulated in the reservoir area is discharged to the downstream river channel. After the sand discharge process is completed, the power generation and water diversion are resumed. Although the above method solves the sedimentation problem in the reservoir area, it will directly affect the power generation efficiency of the hydropower station because power generation needs to be stopped during sand discharge.
[0004] The diversion power station is usually equipped with an ecological discharge pipe at the dam. The ecological discharge pipe can discharge the water from the reservoir to the downstream as needed, meet the demand for ecological flow in the river downstream of the dam, and maintain the ecological environment and sustainable development of the river downstream of the dam. Under normal circumstances, except for a short period of time when the dam is in flood discharge, power generation and water abandonment, the ecological discharge pipe is in a working state of discharging ecological flow to the downstream river for most of the rest of the time.
[0005] Therefore, if we can make full use of the ecological flow to continuously discharge sediment to the downstream river channel, so that the sediment deposition in the reservoir area can remain in a certain stable state, and then maintain the continuous water diversion and power generation of the hydropower station, it will be of great significance to improving the power generation efficiency of the diversion power station. Summary of the invention
[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a water diversion power station ecological water discharge pipe that also serves as a reservoir area sand discharge pipe structure, and also provides a water diversion power station continuous sand discharge method that takes into account ecological maintenance, so that the water diversion power station can continuously discharge sand using ecological flow without affecting power generation and water diversion. Specifically, the following technical solutions can be adopted: The water diversion power station ecological discharge pipe of the present invention also serves as a reservoir sand discharge pipe structure, including multiple discharge pipes arranged in parallel, each of which is provided with a control valve, and each of which is provided with a single inlet, and the discharge pipe inlets are arranged in sequence at intervals along the water flow direction in the reservoir area.
[0007] Preferably, the discharge pipe is made of steel pipe with a diameter of 0.2~0.3m, the net spacing between adjacent discharge pipes perpendicular to the water flow direction is 0.1~0.2m, the net spacing between adjacent discharge pipe inlets along the water flow direction is 15~20m, and the discharge pipe inlet close to the dam is arranged near the power generation water inlet.
[0008] Preferably, the discharge pipes include an exposed pipe section located in the reservoir area and a buried pipe section located in the barrage.
[0009] Preferably, the exposed pipe section is arranged at an inclination, is located 2 to 3 m above the bottom of the river channel, and is supported by anchor piers and buttresses.
[0010] Preferably, the drain pipe inlet is led out from the anchor pier, and a trash rack is provided at the drain pipe inlet.
[0011] Preferably, the control valve is arranged in the buried pipe section, and the control valve is located in a valve chamber in the barrage.
[0012] The sand discharge method of the present invention is realized by using the above-mentioned water diversion power station ecological water discharge pipe also serving as a reservoir area sand discharge pipe structure, which can continuously discharge the silt in the reservoir area, and includes the following steps: S1, operate the control valve to open a group of discharge pipes and keep the other discharge pipes closed. The number of the above discharge pipes to be opened is determined according to the downstream ecological flow demand; S2, monitor the sediment content of the outlet water flow of each opened discharge pipe, operate the control valve to close the discharge pipe whose outlet water flow sediment content is less than the allowable sediment content of power generation water diversion, and open the corresponding number of discharge pipes that were originally closed at the same time, so that the total discharge flow of the discharge pipe always meets the downstream ecological flow demand; S3: When the sediment content of the outlet water flow of all the discharge pipes in the reservoir area is less than the allowable sediment content for power generation, one group of discharge pipes will be closed at intervals of 2 to 4 hours, and another group of discharge pipes that were originally closed will be opened at the same time. The total discharge flow of each group of discharge pipes can meet the downstream ecological flow requirements.
[0013] Preferably, in the step one, priority is given to opening one or more discharge pipes whose discharge pipe inlets are close to the barrage; in the step two, after closing the discharge pipe whose outlet water flow sediment content is less than the allowable sediment content of power generation water diversion, priority is given to opening the discharge pipe that was originally in a closed state and is adjacent to and located upstream of the discharge pipe; when all the discharge pipes whose outlet water flow sediment content is less than the allowable sediment content of power generation water diversion are located upstream of the closed discharge pipes, the discharge pipe whose discharge pipe inlet is close to the barrage is opened again.
[0014] Preferably, in step three, the drain pipes are opened group by group in a cyclical sequence from downstream to upstream.
[0015] The ecological discharge pipe of the water diversion power station provided by the present invention also serves as a sand discharge pipe structure in the reservoir area. It is ingeniously designed, easy to implement, low-cost and easy to maintain. The inlets of the discharge pipes are arranged at intervals along the water flow direction. Through the time-sharing and zoning operation methods described in the present invention, the ecological flow rate can be fully utilized to achieve continuous sand discharge in the reservoir area, so that the power generation water inlet is always located above the sand flushing funnel line formed by the discharge pipe. There is no need to stop power generation specifically for sand discharge operations, thus maintaining continuous water diversion and power generation of the hydropower station, which is of great significance to improving the power generation efficiency of the water diversion power station. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ecological water discharge pipe of the water diversion power station also serving as the sand discharge pipe of the reservoir area according to the present invention.
[0017] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Top view of the .
[0018] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 AA section view in.
[0019] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle valve chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] The following is a detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. This embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation method and a specific working process are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiment.
[0021] like Figure 1-4As shown, the water diversion type power station ecological discharge pipe of the present invention also serves as a reservoir area sand discharge pipe structure, including multiple discharge pipes 1 arranged in parallel, each discharge pipe 1 is provided with a control valve 2, and each discharge pipe 1 is provided with a single discharge pipe inlet 3, and each discharge pipe inlet 3 is arranged in sequence along the water flow direction in the reservoir area. By opening and closing the control valve 2 in turn, the purpose of time-sharing and zoned sand discharge in the reservoir area is achieved, so that the siltation in the reservoir area is kept at a certain elevation, thereby avoiding the disadvantages of stopping power generation and opening the sand discharge gate for centralized sand discharge, and realizing the coordinated operation of power generation water diversion, ecological water discharge and reservoir area sand discharge.
[0022] Usually, the discharge pipe 1 is made of a steel pipe with a diameter of 0.2~0.3m, and the head is bent 90° as the only discharge pipe inlet 3 of each discharge pipe 1. The discharge pipe 1 is set along the bottom of the river channel in the reservoir area and is located 2~3m above the bottom of the river channel. It is supported by the anchor pier 4 and the support pier 5, that is, forming an open pipe section 6; the tail of the discharge pipe 1 extends to the dam 7 to form a buried pipe section 8. In this embodiment, there are eight discharge pipes 1, which are arranged in two rows, with four pipes in each row (see Figure 3 ). The net distance between adjacent discharge pipes 1 perpendicular to the water flow direction is 0.1~0.2m, and the net distance between adjacent discharge pipe inlets 3 along the water flow direction is 15~20m.
[0023] Eight anchor piers 4 are arranged in the reservoir area, and the drain pipe inlets 3 of the eight drain pipes 1 are respectively led out from the corresponding anchor piers 4, so that the drain pipe inlets 3 are arranged in sequence along the water flow direction in the reservoir area. In order to prevent dirt from entering the drain pipe 1, a trash rack 9 is installed at each drain pipe inlet 3.
[0024] It can be seen that the sediment in the reservoir area enters the downstream river channel through the above-mentioned discharge pipe 1. Since the discharge pipe 1 is arranged at intervals in the direction of the water flow, during the sediment discharge process, the sand flushing funnel line 10 is a continuous funnel shape (see Figure 1 ), the bottom of each funnel of the sand flushing funnel line 10 is the discharge pipe inlet 3. The discharge pipe inlet 3 of the shortest discharge pipe 1 is located near the power generation water inlet 11 at the dam 7 and is set lower than the power generation water inlet 11, so that the silt accumulation in front of the power generation water inlet 11 can be kept below a certain elevation, thereby achieving continuous operation of the hydropower station.
[0025] In order to control the sand discharge sequence and sand discharge duration of the discharge pipe 1, a control valve 2 is provided in the buried pipe section 8 of each discharge pipe 1. In order to protect the control valve 2 and extend its service life, the control valve 2 is usually arranged in the valve chamber 12 of the dam 7. The control valve 2 is usually a solenoid valve that can be remotely operated.
[0026] The sand discharge method of the present invention is realized by using the above-mentioned water diversion power station ecological water discharge pipe also serving as a reservoir area sand discharge pipe structure, and comprises the following steps: S1, operate the control valve 2 to open a group of discharge pipes 1, and keep the other discharge pipes 1 in a closed state. The above-mentioned discharge pipes 1 to be opened are preferably one or more discharge pipes whose inlets are close to the dam 7. The number of discharge pipes 1 to be opened is determined according to the downstream ecological flow demand, and should at least meet the downstream ecological flow demand.
[0027] S2, monitor the sediment content of the outlet water flow of each opened discharge pipe 1. For the discharge pipe 1 whose outlet water flow sediment content is less than the allowable sediment content of the power generation water diversion, the control valve 2 should be operated in time to close it, and at the same time, the corresponding number of discharge pipes 1 that were originally in a closed state should be opened, so that the total downstream flow of the discharge pipe 1 always meets the downstream ecological flow demand, and at the same time achieves the purpose of efficient sand discharge.
[0028] After the above-mentioned discharge pipe 1 whose outlet water flow sediment content is less than the allowable sediment content of power generation water diversion is closed, the discharge pipe 1 which is immediately adjacent to it and located upstream and was originally in a closed state is opened first; when all the discharge pipes 1 whose outlet water flow sediment content is less than the allowable sediment content of power generation water diversion are located upstream of the closed discharge pipe 1, the discharge pipe 1 whose discharge pipe inlet 3 is close to the dam 7 is opened again. That is, in order to achieve the purpose of sediment discharge, according to the demand of downstream ecological flow, the discharge pipe 1 with a larger outlet water flow sediment content is opened repeatedly in the order from downstream to upstream until the outlet water flow sediment content is less than the allowable sediment content of power generation water diversion.
[0029] S3: When the sediment content of the outlet water flow of all the discharge pipes 1 in the reservoir area is less than the allowable sediment content for power generation, one group of discharge pipes 1 is closed at intervals of 2 to 4 hours, and another group of discharge pipes 1 that were originally in a closed state is opened at the same time. The total downstream flow of each group of discharge pipes 1 meets the downstream ecological flow demand.
[0030] Normally, after closing a group of discharge pipes 1, the first to be opened is another group of discharge pipes 1 that is immediately adjacent to it and located upstream and is originally in a closed state; when all the discharge pipes 1 that need to be closed are located upstream of the reservoir area, the first to be opened is another group of discharge pipes 1 whose inlet 3 is close to the dam 7. That is, in step 3, the discharge pipes 1 are opened one by one in a cyclical manner from downstream to upstream, so that the total discharge flow of the discharge pipes 1 always meets the downstream ecological flow demand.
[0031] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms indicating orientation or positional relationships, such as "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.
Claims
1. A water diversion power station ecological water discharge pipe also serves as a reservoir area sand discharge pipe structure, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of drainage pipes arranged in parallel, each of which is provided with a control valve, and each drainage pipe is provided with a single inlet, and the drainage pipe inlets are arranged in sequence at intervals along the water flow direction in the reservoir area.
2. The water diversion type power station ecological water discharge pipe also serves as a reservoir area sand discharge pipe structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge pipe is made of steel pipe with a diameter of 0.2~0.3m. The net spacing between adjacent discharge pipes in the direction perpendicular to the water flow is 0.1~0.2m, the net spacing between adjacent discharge pipe inlets in the direction along the water flow is 15~20m, and the discharge pipe inlet close to the dam is arranged near the power generation water inlet.
3. The water diversion type power station ecological water discharge pipe also serves as a reservoir area sand discharge pipe structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge pipes all include an exposed pipe section located in the reservoir area and a buried pipe section located in the dam.
4. The water diversion type power station ecological water discharge pipe also serves as a reservoir area sand discharge pipe structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The exposed pipe section is arranged obliquely, and is located 2 to 3 meters above the bottom of the river channel, and is supported by anchor piers and buttresses.
5. The water diversion type power station ecological water discharge pipe also serves as a reservoir area sand discharge pipe structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inlet of the drainage pipe is led out from the anchor pier, and a trash rack is arranged at the inlet of the drainage pipe.
6. The water diversion type power station ecological water discharge pipe also serves as a reservoir area sand discharge pipe structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control valve is arranged in the buried pipe section, and the control valve is located in a valve chamber in the barrage.
7. A method for desilting, which is realized by using the water diversion type power station ecological water discharge pipe as a reservoir area desilting pipe structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, operate the control valve to open a group of discharge pipes and keep the other discharge pipes closed. The number of the above discharge pipes to be opened is determined according to the downstream ecological flow demand; S2, monitor the sediment content of the outlet water flow of each opened discharge pipe, operate the control valve to close the discharge pipe whose outlet water flow sediment content is less than the allowable sediment content of power generation water diversion, and open the corresponding number of discharge pipes that were originally closed at the same time, so that the total discharge flow of the discharge pipe always meets the downstream ecological flow demand; S3: When the sediment content of the outlet water flow of all the discharge pipes in the reservoir area is less than the allowable sediment content for power generation, one group of discharge pipes will be closed at intervals of 2 to 4 hours, and another group of discharge pipes that were originally closed will be opened at the same time. The total discharge flow of each group of discharge pipes can meet the downstream ecological flow requirements.
8. The sand removal method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the step 1, one or more discharge pipes whose discharge pipe inlets are close to the dam are opened first; In the step 2, after closing the drain pipe whose outlet water flow sediment content is less than the allowable sediment content of the power generation water diversion, the drain pipe immediately adjacent to and located upstream and originally in a closed state is opened first; When the sediment content of the outlet water flow is less than the allowable sediment content of the power generation water diversion and all the discharge pipes are located upstream of the closed discharge pipes, the discharge pipes near the discharge pipe inlet near the dam are opened again.
9. The sand removal method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the step three, the drain pipes are opened group by group in a cyclical manner from downstream to upstream.