Low-temperature punching high-low pressure water flow switching valve

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-temperature punching high-low pressure water flow switching valve, and belongs to the field of hydraulic punching equipment, the interior of the switching valve is divided into a high-pressure cavity and a low-pressure cavity, a non-return structure and a switching structure are assembled, meanwhile, a protection assembly is arranged at a high-pressure opening, and an air opening is further formed. The sliding groove and the protection assembly are arranged at the high-pressure opening of the valve body shell, the piston cover at the tail of the protection assembly extends into the water accumulation cavity, the water accumulation cavity communicates with the high-pressure cavity and is provided with the reset spring, and the reset spring and high-pressure water flow act on the piston cover correspondingly, so that the protection assembly covers the high-pressure opening to achieve the protection effect when the high-pressure opening does not work, and normal water spraying is exposed when the high-pressure opening works. Meanwhile, the valve body shell is provided with the air port, the built-in air tap, the ventilation check block and the blocking bead form a one-way passage structure, a non-return structure in the high-pressure cavity is matched, accumulated water in the switching valve can be cleaned through compressed air along a water path, operation is easy and convenient, cleaning efficiency is high, and the switching valve is suitable for low-temperature and cold mining areas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of hydraulic punching equipment, and in particular to a high- and low-pressure water flow switching valve for low-temperature punching. Background Art

[0002] Hydraulic punching refers to the method of using the water jets ejected by the drilling rig to flush out the coal and methane in the protruding coal seam or induce a small controllable protrusion, so as to relieve the pressure of the coal body, discharge methane, and eliminate the danger of mining protrusion. The borehole is drilled into the coal seam with self-spraying ability by using a high-pressure water drill bit. After the drilling, medium-high water is used to impact the coal body around the borehole through a high-efficiency nozzle to flush out a large amount of coal body and gas, and the stress concentration moves to the vicinity of the punching hole, so that the coal body near the punching hole is relieved and permeable, which effectively improves the extraction effect.

[0003] The hydraulic punching high-low pressure water flow switching valve is a device used for punching operations in coal mines. It can realize the switching of high-low pressure water flow, so that the two processes of drilling and punching of drill rods can be connected uninterruptedly. When drilling in the coal seam, low-pressure water spraying can be used to cool the drill bit connected at the head end; after drilling is completed, the water flow can be switched from a low-pressure state to a high-pressure state to achieve the punching of the coal seam by the drill rod. The advantage of this switching valve is that it avoids the complicated process of pulling out all the drill rods from the newly completed boreholes, installing the punching valve parts, and re-introducing them into the boreholes before the hydraulic punching operation. At the same time, it also reduces the situation of unsmooth introduction of the drill rods due to reasons such as hole collapse during the secondary introduction of the drill rods, which is conducive to improving the efficiency of gas extraction.

[0004] However, the current hydraulic punching high- and low-pressure water flow switching valve still has some shortcomings in practical applications. First, the traditional switching valve has a relatively simple structure and function. A cavity is set inside it and a switching device is configured to switch high pressure / low pressure. However, during drilling operations, only the low-pressure water nozzle works and the high-pressure nozzle is stopped. During the drilling process, particles are easily accumulated near the high-pressure nozzle, and with the friction generated by drilling, some fine particles enter the high-pressure nozzle nozzle, causing the high-pressure nozzle to be blocked, and high-pressure water cannot be sprayed normally during the switching operation; secondly, after the operation is completed, water will accumulate inside the switching valve. In some low-temperature and cold mining areas, the water inside the switching valve will accumulate. The inside of the switching valve is easily frozen, affecting its use. The current treatment method is to use an air gun to blow out some of the accumulated water, but the compressed air blown by the air gun cannot be cleaned according to the flow direction of the pipeline, which means that only some surface water can be blown away. The internal interfaces, bends and nozzles of the switching valve cannot be cleaned, and these places greatly affect the smoothness of the water channel and determine whether the switching valve can work normally. Another treatment method is to heat it before use to melt the ice and accumulated water inside it. At present, the method of cleaning the accumulated water inside the switching valve in low-temperature and cold mining areas, no matter which of the above methods is used, is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and has low efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a low-temperature punching high- and low-pressure water flow switching valve, which can effectively solve the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A low-temperature punching high-low pressure water flow switching valve, comprising a valve body shell, the head and tail of the valve body shell are respectively provided with a drill joint and a pipe joint, the end of the drill joint is provided with a low-pressure port, and the two sides of the valve body shell are symmetrically provided with a pair of high-pressure ports, the interior of the valve body shell is through-connected and divided into a high-pressure chamber and a low-pressure chamber, a non-return structure is embedded at the junction of the bottom of the high-pressure chamber and the pipe joint, and a switching structure is embedded at the junction of the top of the high-pressure chamber and the low-pressure chamber; The high-pressure port includes a mounting hole and a high-pressure nozzle, the mounting hole passes through the valve body shell and is connected to the high-pressure chamber, the high-pressure nozzle is fixedly installed in the mounting hole by threaded connection, and a movable protective component is also installed on the outside of the mounting hole, the tail of the protective component extends into the water accumulation chamber opened inside the valve body shell, a return spring is arranged in the high-pressure chamber and is connected to the high-pressure chamber, and the high-pressure water flow and the return spring act on the tail of the protective component respectively to drive the protective component to slide up and down; The air port passes through the valve body shell and is connected to the high-pressure chamber, and an air nozzle is fixedly installed inside the air port for connecting the high-pressure air pipe. A breathable stopper and a sealing bead are also provided inside the air port to form a one-way passage structure.

[0007] Preferably, the drill bit joint is provided with an external thread and connected to the drill bit, and the pipe joint is provided with an internal thread and connected to the water supply pipe; the low-pressure port passes through the drill bit joint and is connected to the low-pressure chamber, and an anti-blocking plate is installed at the end of the low-pressure port through a retaining spring structure.

[0008] Preferably, the non-return structure is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the high-pressure chamber by means of interference fitting, and the non-return structure includes a cylindrical non-return shell, a rotating shaft is fixedly installed laterally inside the non-return shell, and a semicircular baffle is respectively installed on both sides of the rotating shaft through an elastic hinge structure, and the baffle can be flipped upward 90 degrees along the rotating shaft, and a circle of sealing strip is respectively embedded in the outer circle of the baffle, and the combined radius of the two is equal to the radius of the inner wall of the non-return shell, and a circle of limiting strips is respectively fixedly installed on the inner wall of the non-return shell below the baffle to block the baffle.

[0009] Preferably, the switching structure is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the high-pressure chamber by interference fitting, and the switching structure includes a cylindrical switching shell, a circular bottom plate is provided inside the switching shell, the diameter of the bottom plate is equal to the inner diameter of the switching shell, a leakage hole is opened at the center of the bottom plate, a resistance spring is fixedly mounted on the top of the bottom plate, and a sealing ball is fixedly mounted on the top of the resistance spring, the diameter of the sealing ball is smaller than the inner diameter of the switching shell and larger than the aperture of the bottom of the low-pressure chamber, so as to seal the low-pressure chamber, and a limit ring is also fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the switching shell below the bottom plate to block the bottom plate.

[0010] Preferably, the protective assembly includes a cover plate, a connecting rod and a piston cover. The cover plate is a circular structure, and its surface is an arc surface that fits the surface shape of the valve body shell. The top of the cover plate is fixedly connected to a long connecting rod by screws, and the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the piston cover. The piston cover is a round block structure, and its diameter is equal to the inner diameter of the water accumulation chamber. The bottom surface of the piston cover is also provided with a spherical water-collecting concave surface.

[0011] Preferably, the surface of the valve body shell is provided with vertical slide grooves at the mounting holes, the inner wall of the slide groove is also provided with a vertical through groove above the mounting hole, and the inside of the shell of the valve body shell is provided with a water accumulation cavity corresponding to the through groove above the mounting hole, and the through groove is connected with the water accumulation cavity.

[0012] Preferably, a pair of water inlet holes are also provided inside the shell of the valve body shell, and the water inlet holes connect the high-pressure chamber and the water accumulation chamber. The water inlet holes are truncated cone-shaped, and the bottom surface thereof is located on one side of the high-pressure chamber. The inner wall of the high-pressure chamber is also provided with a semi-arc integrated water retaining block at the entrance of the water inlet hole.

[0013] Preferably, the piston cover is located in the water accumulation chamber, and the water-collecting concave surface at the bottom is placed horizontally downward, the return spring arranged in the water accumulation chamber is against the top of the piston cover, the connecting rod passes through the through groove to connect the cover plate, and the cover plate fits in the slide groove.

[0014] Preferably, the air nozzle is fixedly welded in the air port, a bell-mouth structure is provided at the end of the air nozzle, and can be sealed by a sealing bead, the air-permeable block is fixedly welded at the end of the air port, and air holes are provided at the center and around the air-permeable block, and the air-permeable block rolls between the air-permeable block and the air nozzle.

[0015] Preferably, the head of the gas port is also provided with a protective plug, which is plugged in the gas port and clamps the gas nozzle.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In the present invention, a slide groove is opened at the high-pressure port on the surface of the valve body shell and a protective component is installed. A piston cover is arranged at the tail of the protective component and extends into the water accumulation chamber opened inside the valve body shell. The inside of the water accumulation chamber is connected to the high-pressure chamber through a water inlet hole and is provided with a reset spring. The reset spring and the high-pressure water flow flowing into the high-pressure chamber act on the piston cover respectively, thereby driving the protective component to slide up and down, so that when the high-pressure port is not working, the reset spring acts on the piston cover to drive the protective component to cover the high-pressure port downward to play a protective role; when the high-pressure port is working, the high-pressure water flow acts on the piston cover synchronously, driving the protective component to expose the high-pressure port upward so that it can spray water normally.

[0017] 2. In the present invention, an air port is provided on the outer shell of the valve body, an air nozzle is installed in the air port, and a breathable block and a sealing bead are configured to form a one-way passage structure, and a non-return structure is installed inside the high-pressure chamber, so that the connected compressed air can flow along the water path through every part of the switching valve, fully clearing the accumulated water, simple operation, improved cleaning efficiency, and suitable for use in low-temperature and cold mining areas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the high pressure port of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a disassembly schematic diagram of the switching structure of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a disassembly schematic diagram of the anti-return structure of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protection component of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the switching valve during low-pressure water spraying of the present invention (the arrow indicates the direction of water flow); Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the switching valve during high-pressure water spraying of the present invention (the arrow indicates the direction of water flow); Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the state of clearing water accumulated in the switching valve according to the present invention (the arrow indicates the direction of air flow).

[0019] In the figure: 1. Valve body shell; 2. Drill bit joint; 3. Low pressure port; 4. High pressure port; 5. Air port; 6. Anti-blocking plate; 7. Pipe joint; 8. High pressure chamber; 9. Low pressure chamber; 10. Check structure; 11. Switching structure; 12. High pressure nozzle; 13. Protective plug; 14. Mounting hole; 15. Protective assembly; 16. Slide; 17. Through groove; 18. Water accumulation chamber; 19. Reset spring; 20. Inlet Water hole; 21. Water stop block; 22. Air nozzle; 23. Breathable stop block; 24. Sealing bead; 25. Switching housing; 26. Bottom plate; 27. Sealing ball; 28. Resistance spring; 29. ​​Leakage hole; 30. Limiting ring; 31. Check housing; 32. Rotating shaft; 33. Baffle; 34. Sealing strip; 35. Limiting strip; 36. Cover plate; 37. Connecting rod; 38. Piston cover; 39. Water collecting concave surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0021] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, a low-temperature punched high- and low-pressure water flow switching valve has a head and a tail portion of a valve body shell 1 respectively provided with a drill joint 2 and a pipe joint 7, a low-pressure port 3 is provided at the end of the drill joint 2, and a pair of high-pressure ports 4 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the valve body shell 1, the interior of the valve body shell 1 is through-connected and divided into a high-pressure chamber 8 and a low-pressure chamber 9, the drill joint 2 is provided with an external thread connected to the drill bit, and the pipe joint 7 is provided with an internal thread connected to the water supply pipeline; the low-pressure port 3 passes through the drill joint 2 and is connected to the low-pressure chamber 9, and an anti-blocking plate 6 is installed at the end of the low-pressure port 3 through a retaining spring structure to prevent debris from entering the valve body from the low-pressure port 3.

[0022] like Figure 2 , Figure 5 As shown, a non-return structure 10 is embedded at the junction of the bottom of the high-pressure chamber 8 and the pipe joint 7. The non-return structure 10 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the high-pressure chamber 8 by interference fitting. The non-return structure 10 includes a cylindrical non-return shell 31, and a rotating shaft 32 is fixedly installed laterally inside the non-return shell 31. A semicircular baffle 33 is respectively installed on both sides of the rotating shaft 32 through an elastic hinge structure. The baffle 33 can be flipped upward 90 degrees along the rotating shaft 32. A circle of sealing strip 34 is respectively embedded in the outer circle of the baffle 33. The combined radius of the two is equal to the radius of the inner wall of the non-return shell 31. A circle of limiting strips 35 are respectively fixedly installed on the inner wall of the non-return shell 31 below the baffle 33 to block the baffle 33.

[0023] like Figure 2 , Figure 4As shown, a switching structure 11 is embedded at the junction of the top of the high-pressure chamber 8 and the low-pressure chamber 9. The switching structure 11 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the high-pressure chamber 8 by interference fitting. The switching structure 11 includes a cylindrical switching shell 25. A circular bottom plate 26 is provided inside the switching shell 25. The diameter of the bottom plate 26 is equal to the inner diameter of the switching shell 25. A leakage hole 29 is opened at the center of the bottom plate 26. A resistance spring 28 is fixedly installed on the top of the bottom plate 26. A blocking ball 27 is fixedly installed on the top of the resistance spring 28. The diameter of the blocking ball 27 is smaller than the inner diameter of the switching shell 25 and larger than the aperture at the bottom of the low-pressure chamber 9, so as to block the low-pressure chamber 9. A limit ring 30 is also fixedly installed on the inner wall of the switching shell 25 below the bottom plate 26 to block the bottom plate 26.

[0024] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 As shown, the high-pressure port 4 includes a mounting hole 14 and a high-pressure nozzle 12. The mounting hole 14 passes through the valve body shell 1 and is connected to the high-pressure chamber 8. The high-pressure nozzle 12 is fixedly installed in the mounting hole 14 by a threaded connection. A movable protective component 15 is also assembled on the outside of the mounting hole 14. The protective component 15 includes a cover plate 36, a connecting rod 37 and a piston cover 38. The cover plate 36 is a circular structure, and its surface is an arc surface that fits the shape of the surface of the valve body shell 1. The top of the cover plate 36 is fixedly connected to a long strip of connecting rod 37 by screws, and the other end of the connecting rod 37 is fixedly connected to the piston cover 38. The piston cover 38 is a round block structure, and its diameter is equal to the inner diameter of the water accumulation chamber 18. The bottom surface of the piston cover 38 is also provided with a spherical water-collecting concave surface 39.

[0025] In this embodiment, the surface of the valve body shell 1 is provided with vertical slide grooves 16 at the mounting holes 14, and the inner wall of the slide groove 16 is further provided with a vertical through groove 17 above the mounting hole 14. The inside of the shell of the valve body shell 1 is provided with a water accumulation cavity 18 corresponding to the through groove 17 above the mounting hole 14, and the through groove 17 is connected to the water accumulation cavity 18.

[0026] In this embodiment, a pair of water inlet holes 20 are also opened inside the shell of the valve body shell 1, and the water inlet holes 20 connect the high-pressure chamber 8 and the water accumulation chamber 18. The water inlet holes 20 are truncated cone-shaped, and their bottom surface is located on one side of the high-pressure chamber 8. The inner wall of the high-pressure chamber 8 is also provided with a semi-arc integrated water retaining block 21 at the entrance of the water inlet hole 20.

[0027] In this embodiment, the piston cover 38 is located in the water accumulation chamber 18, and the water collecting concave surface 39 at the bottom is placed horizontally downward. The return spring 19 arranged in the water accumulation chamber 18 is against the top of the piston cover 38, and the connecting rod 37 passes through the connecting cover plate 36 from the through groove 17, and the cover plate 36 is fitted in the slide groove 16.

[0028] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the air port 5 passes through the valve body shell 1 and is connected to the high-pressure chamber 8, and a gas nozzle 22 is fixedly installed inside the air port 5 for connecting the high-pressure air pipe. The gas nozzle 22 is fixedly welded in the air port 5. A bell-mouth structure is provided at the end of the gas nozzle 22, and can be blocked by a blocking bead 24. A breathable block 23 is fixedly welded at the end of the air port 5. Ventilation holes are provided at the center and around the breathable block 23. The breathable block 23 rolls between the breathable block 23 and the gas nozzle 22. The head of the air port 5 is also provided with a protective plug 13, which is plugged in the air port 5 and clamps the gas nozzle 22.

[0029] In practical applications, when drilling, such as Figure 7 As shown, at this time, only low-pressure water spraying is needed to cool the drill bit connected to the head end, so the water pressure is not large. When the low-pressure water flows normally through the non-return structure 10, since the non-return shell 31 of the non-return structure 10 is embedded and installed, its inner diameter is equal to the inner diameter of the high-pressure chamber 8, and there is no obstruction at the connection. The low-pressure water flows normally from the bottom to a pair of baffles 33, and the baffles 33 are rotated by the rotating shaft 32 and are naturally rotated 90°. The low-pressure water flows into the high-pressure chamber 8. At this time, the water flow has three paths: First, it flows into the air inlet 5 through the breathable block 23, but at the same time it also pushes the internal blocking beads 24 to flow toward the air nozzle 22, and finally the blocking beads 24 are squeezed into the bell mouth to block the air nozzle 22, so that the low-pressure water flow cannot flow out of the air nozzle 22.

[0030] Secondly, it flows into the mounting hole 14 of the high-pressure port 4. However, since the high-pressure nozzle 12 is installed inside the mounting hole 14, the low-pressure water cannot be sprayed out by the high-pressure nozzle 12 due to insufficient pressure after entering the high-pressure nozzle 12, so the low-pressure water flow cannot be sprayed out from the high-pressure port 4. In addition, the low-pressure water flow has a low pressure, and when it flows into the water accumulation chamber 18 through the water inlet hole 20, it cannot lift the piston cover 38, and thus cannot flow into the water accumulation chamber 18 and flow out.

[0031] Third, the low-pressure water flows through the switching structure 11 and acts on the bottom plate 26. Since a leak hole 29 is provided in the center of the bottom plate 26 and the water flow pressure and flow rate are small, the water flows directly out of the leak hole 29, and it is impossible to lift up the bottom plate 26, and thus it is impossible to drive the blocking ball 27 to move and block the entrance of the low-pressure chamber 9. In addition, the bottom plate 26 is made of magnetic material and can be adsorbed on the limit ring 30 under normal conditions, thereby ensuring that the water flow cannot lift up the bottom plate 26. The waterway from the high-pressure chamber 8 to the switching structure 11 and then to the low-pressure chamber 9 is unobstructed, and finally the low-pressure water flow is continuously ejected from the low-pressure port 3. Moreover, when the water is stopped, except for the free rolling of the blocking ball 24, other structures remain in their original state.

[0032] When drilling is completed and punching is carried out, the low-pressure water flow becomes a high-pressure water flow, such as Figure 8 As shown, at this time, the high-pressure water flow still cannot be ejected from the air port 5 due to the presence of the blocking bead 24. At the same time, the high-pressure water flow flows through the switching structure 11. At this time, the water flow pressure and flow rate are large. Although part of the water flow can flow out from the leak hole 29, after breaking the balance, the high-pressure water flow still acts on the edge surface of the bottom plate 26, lifting it up until the blocking ball 27 blocks the entrance of the low-pressure chamber 9. At this time, the high-pressure water flow can no longer flow out of the low-pressure chamber 9, but instead gathers in the high-pressure chamber 8, and then directly acts on the high-pressure port 4 and the water inlet 20. The two act synchronously. On the one hand, the high-pressure water flow flows into the water accumulation chamber 18 through the water inlet 20. Due to the shape of the connecting rod 37, The piston cover 38 is slightly suspended in the water chamber 18, and its bottom surface is just higher than the outlet of the water inlet 20. In this way, when the high-pressure water flows into the water chamber 18 from the water inlet 20, it starts to gather directly on the bottom surface of the piston cover 38. Moreover, since the concave structure of the bottom surface of the piston cover 38 can gather the water flow balance, the pressure of the water flow is greater than the elastic force of the reset spring 19, which can lift the piston cover 38, thereby synchronously driving the connecting rod 37 and the cover plate 36 to slide along the through groove 17 and the slide groove 16, exposing the mounting hole 14, and also exposing the high-pressure nozzle 12. At the same time, the high-pressure water flow gathers in the high-pressure chamber 8. When the pressure is large enough, it can naturally be sprayed out by the high-pressure nozzle 12 in the form of a high-pressure water column. After the water is stopped, the high-pressure water flow in the high-pressure chamber 8 is exhausted. First, the blocking ball 27 is reset under the rebound action of the resistance spring 28, and finally cooperates with the magnetic bottom plate 26 to be adsorbed to the limit ring 30 to restore the original state. Secondly, the piston cover 38 returns to the bottom initial position again under the rebound force of the return spring 19, which drives the cover plate 36 to slide down and cover the high-pressure port 4 to form a protection.

[0033] It should be noted that when the high-pressure nozzle 12 of the high-pressure port 4 sprays water to punch holes, water continuously flows into the water accumulation chamber 18 to lift the piston cover 38, and part of the water flow will also be sprayed out along the through groove 17 to form a positive pressure effect, which prevents debris from entering the water accumulation chamber 18 through the through groove 17 or getting stuck in the main through groove 17, and also effectively ensures the smooth sliding of the protective component 15.

[0034] When the work is completed, Fig. 9As shown, at this time, it is only necessary to remove the protective plug 13, select high-pressure air with a pressure greater than 5MPa, insert the air pipe joint into the air nozzle 22 and open the air, and the high-pressure air will blow away the blocking beads 24 blocking the bell mouth until they are blocked by the air-permeable block 23, and the high-pressure air will enter the high-pressure chamber 8 from the through hole on the air-permeable block 23. At this time, the baffle 33 on the non-return structure 10 has automatically reset due to its own elastic hinge structure, which also blocks the high-pressure air from leaking from the bottom of the high-pressure chamber 8, so that the high-pressure air can only flow to the high-pressure ports 4 on both sides and the low-pressure chamber 9 above, and the high-pressure air is not equivalent to the high-pressure water flow, and its pressure is slightly lower than the pressure of the high-pressure water flow 8-15MPa, so it cannot completely lift the bottom plate 26 and block the low-pressure chamber 9, so that the high-pressure air can blow away and dry the accumulated water in the switching structure 11 and the low-pressure chamber 9. At the same time, the high-pressure air blows to the mounting hole 14 and the water inlet 20. Under continuous action, the high-pressure air acts on the high-pressure nozzle 12 to blow it through and dry the accumulated water inside it. Similarly, when high-pressure air is blown into the water accumulation chamber 18, it is not necessary to completely lift up the piston cover 38. It is only necessary to blow out the water in the water inlet 20 and the water accumulation chamber 18 from the through groove 17 and dry it. Finally, the water at the bottom of the high-pressure chamber 8 may accumulate in the non-return structure 10, and this only requires removing the valve body shell 1 and using a screwdriver or other tool to push open the baffle 33 to let the water flow out. In addition, a small amount of not completely dry inside the high-pressure chamber 8 will not block important paths even if it is frozen, and can be ignored in practical applications.

[0035] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A low-temperature punching high-low pressure water flow switching valve, comprising a valve body shell (1), wherein the head and tail of the valve body shell (1) are respectively provided with a drill bit joint (2) and a pipe joint (7), characterized in that: The end of the drill bit joint (2) is provided with a low-pressure port (3), and the two sides of the valve body shell (1) are symmetrically provided with a pair of high-pressure ports (4). The interior of the valve body shell (1) is connected and divided into a high-pressure chamber (8) and a low-pressure chamber (9). A non-return structure (10) is embedded at the junction between the bottom of the high-pressure chamber (8) and the pipe joint (7), and a switching structure (11) is embedded at the junction between the top of the high-pressure chamber (8) and the low-pressure chamber (9); The high-pressure port (4) comprises a mounting hole (14) and a high-pressure nozzle (12); the mounting hole (14) passes through the valve body shell (1) and is connected to the high-pressure chamber (8); the high-pressure nozzle (12) is fixedly mounted in the mounting hole (14) by means of a threaded connection; a movable protective component (15) is also mounted outside the mounting hole (14); the rear end of the protective component (15) extends into a water accumulation chamber (18) provided inside the valve body shell (1); a return spring (19) is provided inside the high-pressure chamber (8) and is connected to the high-pressure chamber (8); the high-pressure water flow and the return spring (19) act on the rear end of the protective component (15) respectively, thereby driving the protective component (15) to slide up and down; The gas port (5) passes through the valve body shell (1) and is connected to the high-pressure chamber (8), and a gas nozzle (22) is fixedly installed inside the gas port (5) for connecting to a high-pressure gas pipe. A gas-permeable stopper (23) and a sealing bead (24) are also provided inside the gas port (5) to form a one-way passage structure.

2. A low-temperature punching high- and low-pressure water flow switching valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drill bit joint (2) is provided with an external thread and connected to the drill bit, and the pipe joint (7) is provided with an internal thread and connected to the water supply pipe; the low-pressure port (3) passes through the drill bit joint (2) and is connected to the low-pressure chamber (9), and an anti-blocking plate (6) is installed at the end of the low-pressure port (3) via a retaining spring structure.

3. The low-temperature punching high- and low-pressure water flow switching valve according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The anti-return structure (10) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the high-pressure chamber (8) by means of interference fit. The anti-return structure (10) comprises a cylindrical anti-return shell (31). A rotating shaft (32) is fixedly mounted in a transverse manner inside the anti-return shell (31). A semicircular baffle (33) is respectively mounted on both sides of the rotating shaft (32) by means of an elastic hinge structure. The baffle (33) can be turned upward by 90 degrees along the rotating shaft (32). A circle of sealing strip (34) is respectively embedded on the outer circle of the baffle (33). The combined radius of the two is equal to the radius of the inner wall of the anti-return shell (31). A circle of limiting strips (35) are respectively fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the anti-return shell (31) below the baffle (33) to block the baffle (33).

4. A low-temperature punching high- and low-pressure water flow switching valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switching structure (11) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the high-pressure chamber (8) by interference fitting. The switching structure (11) comprises a cylindrical switching shell (25). A circular bottom plate (26) is provided inside the switching shell (25). The diameter of the bottom plate (26) is equal to the inner diameter of the switching shell (25). A leakage hole (29) is opened at the center of the bottom plate (26). A resistance spring (28) is fixedly mounted on the top of the bottom plate (26). A blocking ball (27) is fixedly mounted on the top of the resistance spring (28). The diameter of the blocking ball (27) is smaller than the inner diameter of the switching shell (25) and larger than the aperture of the bottom of the low-pressure chamber (9), so as to block the low-pressure chamber (9). A limiting ring (30) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the switching shell (25) below the bottom plate (26) to block the bottom plate (26).

5. The low-temperature punching high- and low-pressure water flow switching valve according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The protection assembly (15) comprises a cover plate (36), a connecting rod (37) and a piston cover (38); the cover plate (36) is a circular structure, and its surface is an arc surface that fits the shape of the surface of the valve body shell (1); the top of the cover plate (36) is fixedly connected to a long strip-shaped connecting rod (37) by means of screws, and the other end of the connecting rod (37) is fixedly connected to the piston cover (38); the piston cover (38) is a round block structure, and its diameter is equal to the inner diameter of the water accumulation chamber (18); the bottom surface of the piston cover (38) is also provided with a spherical water-collecting concave surface (39).

6. A low-temperature punching high- and low-pressure water flow switching valve according to claim 5, characterized in that: The surface of the valve body shell (1) is provided with vertical slide grooves (16) at the mounting holes (14), and the inner wall of the slide groove (16) is provided with a vertical through groove (17) above the mounting holes (14). The interior of the shell of the valve body shell (1) is provided with a water accumulation cavity (18) above the mounting holes (14) corresponding to the through grooves (17), and the through grooves (17) are connected to the water accumulation cavity (18).

7. A low-temperature punching high- and low-pressure water flow switching valve according to claim 6, characterized in that: A pair of water inlet holes (20) are also provided inside the shell of the valve body shell (1), and the water inlet holes (20) are connected to the high-pressure chamber (8) and the water accumulation chamber (18). The water inlet holes (20) are truncated cone-shaped, and their bottom surfaces are located on one side of the high-pressure chamber (8). The inner wall of the high-pressure chamber (8) is also provided with a semi-arc integral water retaining block (21) at the entrance of the water inlet holes (20).

8. The low-temperature punching high- and low-pressure water flow switching valve according to claim 7, characterized in that: The piston cover (38) is located in the water accumulation chamber (18), and the water collecting concave surface (39) at the bottom is placed horizontally downward. The return spring (19) arranged in the water accumulation chamber (18) abuts against the top of the piston cover (38). The connecting rod (37) passes through the connecting cover plate (36) from the through groove (17), and the cover plate (36) is fitted in the slide groove (16).

9. The low-temperature punching high- and low-pressure water flow switching valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air nozzle (22) is fixedly welded in the air port (5); a bell-mouth structure is provided at the end of the air nozzle (22) and can be blocked by a blocking bead (24); the air permeable block (23) is fixedly welded at the end of the air port (5); air holes are provided at the center and around the air permeable block (23); and the air permeable block (23) rolls between the air permeable block (23) and the air nozzle (22).

10. A low-temperature punching high- and low-pressure water flow switching valve according to claim 9, characterized in that: The head of the gas port (5) is also provided with a protective plug (13), and the protective plug (13) is inserted into the gas port (5) and clamps the gas nozzle (22).

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