Angle defect detection method for copper bar processing

Abstract

The invention provides an angle defect detection method for copper bar processing, and relates to the technical field of analysis and detection of materials, and the method comprises the following steps: preparing a to-be-detected copper bar with a clean surface, placing the to-be-detected copper bar on a horizontal detection platform with enough rigidity, projecting a datum line by using a laser marking instrument, preliminarily measuring the angle of the copper bar by using a high-precision measuring tool, measuring at least three positions, calculating an average value, and comparing the average value with a standard angle to judge whether defect suspicion exists; a suspected copper rod is subjected to secondary detection by adopting an image measurement technology, parameters of an industrial camera are adjusted to obtain a clear image, an edge contour is extracted to calculate an angle value, and the secondary detection angle value is subjected to repeated detection. According to the method, through multiple detection means and accurate calculation and analysis, the angle defect of the copper rod can be accurately detected, the detection precision and efficiency are improved, the method is suitable for detection of copper rods of different specifications, the angle defect of the copper rod can be more accurately detected, the detection error is effectively reduced, and the product quality control level is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of material analysis and detection, and more specifically, particularly relates to an angle defect detection method for copper rod processing. Background Art

[0002] In the field of copper rod processing, ensuring the angle of the copper rod is accurate and defect-free is one of the key factors to ensure product quality. However, the existing copper rod angle defect detection methods have many shortcomings.

[0003] Traditional testing methods often rely on manual measurement using simple measuring tools. This method is not only inefficient, but the measurement accuracy is easily affected by human factors, making it difficult to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the test results.

[0004] Some detection equipment cannot effectively adapt to copper rods of different specifications when measuring the angle of copper rods, which limits its scope of application.

[0005] At the same time, most of the existing detection methods are relatively simple and lack a multi-step comprehensive detection process, which can easily lead to missed detection or misjudgment and cannot meet the requirements for high-precision detection of copper rod angle defects.

[0006] In addition, in terms of image acquisition and processing during the detection process, the existing technical means are not advanced enough to clearly and accurately extract the edge contour of the copper rod, affecting the accuracy of angle calculation.

[0007] In summary, in order to improve the accuracy, efficiency and reliability of copper rod angle defect detection and meet the detection needs of copper rods of different specifications, an innovative and comprehensive angle defect detection method for copper rod processing is urgently needed. Summary of the invention

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an angle defect detection method for copper rod processing to solve the above problems.

[0009] A method for detecting angle defects in copper rod processing comprises the following steps: S1: Prepare the copper rod to be tested and ensure that the surface of the copper rod is clean without obvious dirt and impurities.

[0010] S2: Place the copper rod after surface cleaning in S1 on a horizontal and sufficiently rigid testing platform to keep it stable.

[0011] S3: Use a laser marking device to project a reference line on the detection platform.

[0012] S4: Use a high-precision measuring tool to perform a preliminary measurement of the angle of the copper rod. During the measurement, the measuring surface of the measuring tool is closely fitted to the surface to be measured of the copper rod, and the measurement value α1 is read.

[0013] Preferably, a high-precision measuring tool is used to perform a preliminary measurement of the angle of the copper rod, measuring the angles at least three different positions, and calculating an average value α_avg1; If the initially measured angle deviation value Δα1=|α_avg1-standard angle α0| is less than the preset threshold value T1, it is preliminarily judged that the copper rod angle has no defects, otherwise, the copper rod is marked as a suspected angle defect.

[0014] Preferably, in S4, the high-precision measuring tool is an electronic angle ruler, and the measuring accuracy is not less than 0.1 degree. The electronic angle ruler is calibrated before use, and the calibration formula is: calibration value = measurement value + calibration deviation.

[0015] Preferably, in S2, a fixing device is provided on the detection platform, and the pressure applied by the fixing device is uniform; The pressure calculation formula of the fixture is: F=k×S×P, where k is the pressure coefficient, S is the contact area, and P is the preset pressure value.

[0016] Preferably, the fixing device comprises an adjustable clamping jaw, and the adjustment range of the clamping jaw is [D_min, D_max], wherein D_min is the minimum diameter of the copper rod that can be clamped, and D_max is the maximum diameter of the copper rod that can be clamped.

[0017] Preferably, for copper rods suspected of having angle defects in preliminary measurement, secondary inspection is performed using image measurement technology: the shooting angle and parameters of the industrial camera are adjusted to obtain a clear image of the copper rod, the edge contour of the copper rod is extracted using image processing software, and the angle value α2 is calculated.

[0018] Preferably, in the image measurement technology, the angle calculation adopts the least square method to fit the straight line, and the angle of the copper rod is calculated according to the inclination angle of the straight line.

[0019] Preferably, when performing secondary inspection using image measurement technology, the shooting frame rate of the industrial camera is at least 30 frames per second, the image resolution is not less than 1920×1080 pixels, and the image processing software performs image enhancement processing. The enhancement formula is: I_enhanced=a×I_original+b, where I_original is the grayscale value of the original image, a and b are enhancement coefficients, and 1 <a<2,0<b<100。

[0020] Preferably, when fitting a straight line using the least squares method, no less than 20 feature points on the edge profile of the copper rod are selected for calculation, and the goodness of fit R² is calculated. If R² is greater than 0.95, it is considered that the fitting effect is good, otherwise the feature points are reselected or the fitting algorithm is adjusted.

[0021] Preferably, the angle value α2 of the secondary detection is repeatedly detected, and the same copper rod is repeatedly detected for no less than 5 times, and the standard deviation σ of the angle value is calculated. If σ is less than the preset threshold value T2, the detection result is considered reliable, otherwise the detection is repeated, and the standard deviation calculation formula is: , where α2_i is the angle value of the i-th detection, α2_avg is the average angle value of multiple detections, and n is the number of detections.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Improve detection accuracy: The present invention uses high-precision measuring tools such as electronic angle rulers for preliminary measurement, and combines image measurement technology for secondary detection, which can more accurately detect the angle defects of the copper rod, effectively reduce detection errors, and improve product quality control level.

[0023] 2. Enhance detection reliability: By setting up preliminary measurements to screen out copper rods suspected of angle defects, and then conducting secondary and repeatable tests, multiple detection steps verify and supplement each other, greatly improving the reliability and stability of the detection results.

[0024] 3. Adapt to various specifications of copper rods: The clamping jaws of the fixing device have an adjustable range and can adapt to copper rods of different diameters, making the detection method more widely applicable.

[0025] 4. Improve detection efficiency: The entire detection process is reasonably designed and easy to operate. It can quickly complete the detection of copper rod angle defects, which helps to improve production efficiency and meet the needs of large-scale production.

[0026] 5. Reduce the misjudgment rate: Strict testing procedures and the comprehensive use of multiple testing methods can effectively avoid misjudgments caused by a single testing method or human factors, and ensure the accuracy of the test results.

[0027] 6. Optimize image processing effects: In image measurement technology, by reasonably setting the shooting frame rate, image resolution and image processing enhancement formula, a clearer and more accurate copper rod edge profile can be obtained, thereby improving the accuracy of angle calculation.

[0028] 7. Convenient for quality traceability: Detailed test data recording and analysis provide a strong basis for product quality traceability, help to discover problems in the production process, and take targeted improvement measures.

[0029] 8. Promote standardized production: Accurate angle defect detection helps to formulate unified production standards, standardize copper rod processing technology, and improve the production quality and standardization level of the entire industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following is a further detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0032] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a method for detecting angle defects in copper rod processing, comprising the following steps: S1: Prepare the copper rod to be tested and ensure that the surface of the copper rod is clean and free of obvious dirt and impurities; S2: Place the copper rod whose surface has been cleaned in S1 on a horizontal and sufficiently rigid testing platform to keep it stable; S3: Use a laser marking instrument to project a reference line on the detection platform; S4: Use a high-precision measuring tool to perform a preliminary measurement of the angle of the copper rod. During the measurement, the measuring surface of the measuring tool is closely fitted to the surface to be measured of the copper rod, and the measurement value α1 is read.

[0033] In S4, a high-precision measuring tool performs a preliminary measurement of the angle of the copper rod, measures the angles at least three different positions, and calculates the average value α_avg1. If the preliminary measured angle deviation value Δα1=|α_avg1-standard angle α0| is less than the preset threshold value T1, it is preliminarily judged that the copper rod angle has no defects, otherwise, the copper rod is marked as a suspected angle defect.

[0034] In S4, the high-precision measuring tool is an electronic angle ruler with a measuring accuracy of no less than 0.1 degrees. The electronic angle ruler is calibrated before use, and the calibration formula is: calibration value = measurement value + calibration deviation.

[0035] In S2, a fixture is provided on the detection platform, and the pressure applied by the fixture is uniform. The pressure calculation formula of the fixture is: F=k×S×P, where k is the pressure coefficient, S is the contact area, and P is the preset pressure value.

[0036] The fixing device comprises an adjustable clamping jaw, and the adjustment range of the clamping jaw is [D_min, D_max], wherein D_min is the minimum diameter of the copper rod that can be clamped, and D_max is the maximum diameter of the copper rod that can be clamped.

[0037] For copper rods suspected of having angle defects in the initial measurement, image measurement technology is used for secondary inspection: the shooting angle and parameters of the industrial camera are adjusted to obtain a clear image of the copper rod, and the edge contour of the copper rod is extracted using image processing software to calculate the angle value α2.

[0038] In the image measurement technology, the least square method is used to fit the straight line for angle calculation, and the angle of the copper rod is calculated according to the inclination angle of the straight line. When performing the secondary inspection of the image measurement technology, the shooting frame rate of the industrial camera is at least 30 frames per second, and the image resolution is not less than 1920×1080 pixels. The image processing software enhances the image, and the enhancement formula is: I_enhanced=a×I_original+b, where I_original is the gray value of the original image, a and b are enhancement coefficients, and 1 <a<2,0<b<100。

[0039] When fitting a straight line using the least squares method, select no less than 20 feature points on the edge contour of the copper rod for calculation, and calculate the goodness of fit R². If R² is greater than 0.95, the fitting effect is considered good. Otherwise, reselect feature points or adjust the fitting algorithm. Perform repeatability testing on the angle value α2 of the secondary detection. Repeat the detection of the same copper rod for no less than 5 times, and calculate the standard deviation σ of the angle value. If σ is less than the preset threshold T2, the detection result is considered reliable. Otherwise, retest. The standard deviation calculation formula is: , where α2_i is the angle value of the i-th detection, α2_avg is the average angle value of multiple detections, and n is the number of detections.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] Test preparation: Select 10 copper rods to be tested, and their standard angles α0 are all 90 degrees; Clean the copper rod surface to remove dirt and impurities; The testing platform uses a steel plate with a hardness of [X]HRC, and the horizontality error is controlled within 0.05mm / m.

[0042] Preliminary measurements: An electronic angle ruler with an accuracy of 0.1 degrees was used for measurement, and calibration was performed according to the calibration formula "calibration value = measurement value + 0.05" before measurement.

[0043] Copper rod number Top Angle (degrees) Middle angle (degrees) Bottom Angle (degrees) Average value α_avg1 (degrees) Angle deviation value Δα1 (degrees) Judgment results 1 89.8 90.1 89.9 89.93 0.07 No defects 2 90.2 89.8 90.1 90.03 0.03 No defects 3 89.7 90.3 89.8 89.93 0.07 No defects 4 90.5 89.5 90.0 90.00 0.00 No defects 5 89.6 90.4 89.7 89.90 0.10 No defects 6 90.6 89.4 90.1 90.03 0.03 No defects 7 89.5 90.5 89.6 89.87 0.13 Angle defect suspected 8 90.7 89.3 90.2 90.07 0.07 No defects 9 89.4 90.6 89.5 89.83 0.17 Angle defect suspected 10 90.8 89.2 90.3 90.10 0.10 No defects The preset threshold value T1 is 0.2 degrees. According to the above data, copper bars 7 and 9 are marked as suspected angle defects, and the remaining copper bars are preliminarily judged to be free of defects.

[0044] Secondary testing: For the copper bars 7 and 9 marked as suspected angle defects, a secondary inspection was performed using image measurement technology.

[0045] The shooting frame rate of the industrial camera is set to 30 frames per second, and the image resolution is 1920×1080 pixels.

[0046] The image was enhanced using image processing software according to the enhancement formula “I_enhanced=1.5×I_original+50”.

[0047] The edge contour of the copper rod was extracted, and the least square method was used to fit the straight line. 25 feature points were selected for calculation. The goodness of fit R² was 0.98 and 0.97, respectively, both greater than 0.95, and it was considered that the fitting effect was good.

[0048] The calculated angle value α2 of copper rod 7 is 89.8 degrees, and the angle value α2 of copper rod 9 is 89.7 degrees.

[0049] Repeatability test: The angle value α2 obtained from the secondary test was tested for repeatability, and the same copper rod was tested 5 times.

[0050] The standard deviation σ of the angle values ​​was calculated. The five detected angle values ​​of copper rod 7 were 89.8 degrees, 89.7 degrees, 89.9 degrees, 89.8 degrees, and 89.7 degrees, respectively. The average angle value α2_avg was 89.78 degrees, and the standard deviation σ was 0.08 degrees. The five detected angle values ​​of copper rod 9 were 89.7 degrees, 89.6 degrees, 89.8 degrees, 89.7 degrees, and 89.6 degrees, respectively. The average angle value α2_avg was 89.68 degrees, and the standard deviation σ was 0.09 degrees.

[0051] The preset threshold value T2 is 0.1 degrees. Since the standard deviations σ of the copper rods 7 and 9 are both smaller than the preset threshold value T2, the detection result is considered reliable.

[0052] According to the test results, copper bars 7 and 9 have angle defects, while the angles of the other copper bars are not defective. The copper bars with angle defects are classified and marked. The angle deviation value of copper bar 7 is 0.22 degrees, which is a slight defect; the angle deviation value of copper bar 9 is 0.32 degrees, which is a moderate defect.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] Test preparation: 20 copper rods to be tested are selected, and their standard angle α0 is 120 degrees.

[0055] The copper rod is surface cleaned to remove dirt and impurities.

[0056] The testing platform uses a steel plate with a hardness of [X]HRC, and the horizontality error is controlled within 0.05mm / m.

[0057] Preliminary measurements: An electronic angle ruler with an accuracy of 0.1 degrees was used for measurement, and calibration was performed according to the calibration formula "calibration value = measurement value + 0.08" before measurement.

[0058] The top, middle and bottom positions of each copper rod were selected for measurement. The measurement data are shown in the following table:

[0059] The preset threshold value T1 is 0.3 degrees. According to the above data, copper bars 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 16, 17, 19, and 20 are marked as suspected angle defects, and the remaining copper bars are preliminarily judged to be free of defects.

[0060] Secondary testing: For the copper bars 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 16, 17, 19, and 20 marked as suspected angle defects, a secondary inspection was performed using image measurement technology.

[0061] The shooting frame rate of the industrial camera is set to 40 frames per second, and the image resolution is 2560×1440 pixels.

[0062] The image was enhanced using image processing software according to the enhancement formula “I_enhanced=1.8×I_original+80”.

[0063] The edge contour of the copper rod was extracted, and the least squares method was used to fit the straight line. 30 feature points were selected for calculation, and the goodness of fit R² were 0.96, 0.97, 0.95, 0.98, 0.96, 0.97, 0.94, 0.95, and 0.97, respectively. The goodness of fit R² of copper rod 17 was less than 0.95. 35 feature points were reselected for calculation, and the goodness of fit R² was 0.97.

[0064] Calculation shows that the angle value α2 of copper rod 7 is 119.8 degrees, the angle value α2 of copper rod 9 is 119.7 degrees, the angle value α2 of copper rod 11 is 119.7 degrees, the angle value α2 of copper rod 13 is 119.6 degrees, the angle value α2 of copper rod 15 is 119.5 degrees, the angle value α2 of copper rod 16 is 119.6 degrees, the angle value α2 of copper rod 17 is 119.5 degrees, the angle value α2 of copper rod 19 is 119.4 degrees, and the angle value α2 of copper rod 20 is 119.3 degrees.

[0065] Repeatability test: The angle value α2 obtained from the secondary test was tested for repeatability, and the same copper rod was tested 6 times.

[0066] Calculate the standard deviation σ of the angle value. The 6 detected angle values ​​of copper rod 7 are 119.8 degrees, 119.7 degrees, 119.9 degrees, 119.8 degrees, 119.7 degrees, and 119.6 degrees, respectively. The average angle value α2_avg is 119.75 degrees, and the standard deviation σ is 0.09 degrees. The 6 detected angle values ​​of copper rod 9 are 119.7 degrees, 119.6 degrees, 119.8 degrees, 119.7 degrees, 119.6 degrees, and 119.5 degrees, respectively. The average angle value α2_avg is 119.65 degrees, and the standard deviation σ is 0.08 degrees. The 6 detected angle values ​​of copper rod 11 are The 6 detected angle values ​​of copper rod 13 are 119.6 degrees, 119.5 degrees, 119.6 degrees, 119.4 degrees, 119.5 degrees, 119.6 degrees, the average angle value α2_avg is 119.53 degrees, and the standard deviation σ is 0.08 degrees; the 6 detected angle values ​​of copper rod 15 are 119.5 degrees, 119.4 degrees, 119.5 degrees, 119.6 degrees, the average angle value α2_avg is 119.53 degrees, and the standard deviation σ is 0.08 degrees. .3 degrees, 119.4 degrees, 119.5 degrees, the average angle value α2_avg is 119.43 degrees, and the standard deviation σ is 0.07 degrees; the 6 detection angle values ​​of copper rod 16 are 119.6 degrees, 119.5 degrees, 119.6 degrees, 119.4 degrees, 119.5 degrees, 119.6 degrees, the average angle value α2_avg is 119.53 degrees, and the standard deviation σ is 0.08 degrees; the 6 detection angle values ​​of copper rod 17 are 119.5 degrees, 119.4 degrees, 119.5 degrees, 119.3 degrees, 119.4 degrees, 119.5 degrees, the average angle value α2_avg is 119.53 degrees, and the standard deviation σ is 0.08 degrees. _avg is 119.43 degrees, and the standard deviation σ is 0.07 degrees; the 6 detected angle values ​​of copper rod 19 are 119.4 degrees, 119.3 degrees, 119.4 degrees, 119.2 degrees, 119.3 degrees, and 119.4 degrees, respectively, with an average angle value α2_avg of 119.33 degrees, and a standard deviation σ of 0.07 degrees; the 6 detected angle values ​​of copper rod 20 are 119.3 degrees, 119.2 degrees, 119.3 degrees, 119.1 degrees, 119.2 degrees, and 119.3 degrees, respectively, with an average angle value α2_avg of 119.23 degrees, and a standard deviation σ of 0.08 degrees.

[0067] The preset threshold value T2 is 0.12 degrees. Since the standard deviations σ of copper rods 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 16, 17, 19, and 20 are all smaller than the preset threshold value T2, the detection result is considered reliable.

[0068] According to the test results, copper bars 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 16, 17, 19, and 20 have angle defects, and the angles of the other copper bars are not defective. The copper bars with angle defects are classified and marked. The angle deviation values ​​of copper bars 7, 9, and 11 are 0.20 degrees, 0.30 degrees, and 0.30 degrees, respectively, which are mild defects; the angle deviation values ​​of copper bars 13, 15, and 16 are 0.40 degrees, 0.50 degrees, and 0.40 degrees, respectively, which are moderate defects; the angle deviation values ​​of copper bars 17, 19, and 20 are 0.50 degrees, 0.60 degrees, and 0.70 degrees, respectively, which are severe defects.

[0069] In Example 1, 10 copper rods to be tested with a standard angle of 90 degrees were carefully selected and subjected to strict surface cleaning to eliminate the interference of dirt and impurities on the test results. The test platform selected a steel plate with hardness and levelness that met the requirements, providing a stable foundation for the test.

[0070] In the preliminary measurement stage, an electronic angle ruler with an accuracy of up to 0.1 degrees was used and accurately calibrated before measurement. By measuring at the top, middle and bottom of each copper rod, multiple angle data were obtained, and then the average value α_avg1 and the angle deviation value Δα1 were calculated. Based on the preset threshold T1 (0.2 degrees), copper rods 7 and 9 were accurately judged to be suspected of angle defects, and the remaining copper rods were initially judged to be free of defects.

[0071] For copper bars 7 and 9, which were marked as suspected angle defects, advanced image measurement technology was subsequently used for secondary inspection. In the secondary inspection, the shooting frame rate (30 frames per second) and image resolution (1920×1080 pixels) of the industrial camera were carefully set, and image processing software was used for enhancement processing to extract a clearer and more accurate copper bar edge profile. The least squares method was used to fit the straight line and select 25 feature points for calculation to ensure a good fitting effect. Finally, the angle value α2 of copper bar 7 was 89.8 degrees, and the angle value α2 of copper bar 9 was 89.7 degrees.

[0072] In order to further verify the reliability of the test results, the repeatability test of the angle value α2 of the secondary test was also carried out. The same copper rod was tested 5 times and the standard deviation σ was calculated. The results showed that the standard deviation σ of copper rods 7 and 9 was less than the preset threshold T2 (0.1 degrees), confirming that the test results were reliable. The test results were comprehensively analyzed and the copper rods with angle defects were accurately classified and marked.

[0073] Based on Example 1, Example 2 further expanded the detection scale and selected 20 copper bars with a standard angle of 120 degrees. In the preliminary measurement, a high-precision electronic angle ruler and a strict calibration process were also used, and based on the preset threshold T1 (0.3 degrees), copper bars 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 16, 17, 19, and 20 were marked as suspected angle defects.

[0074] In the secondary inspection, the shooting frame rate (40 frames per second) and image resolution (2560×1440 pixels) of the industrial camera were improved, and the enhancement formula of the image processing software was optimized. For the copper rod 17 with a goodness of fit R² less than 0.95, more feature points were re-selected for calculation to ensure that all copper rods had a good fitting effect. Finally, the precise angle values ​​of each defective copper rod were obtained.

[0075] In the repeatability test, the same copper rod was tested 6 times, and the calculated standard deviation σ was less than the preset threshold value T2 (0.12 degrees), which once again verified the reliability of the test results. Based on the test results, the copper rods with angle defects were classified and marked in detail, including mild, moderate and severe defects.

[0076] It can be seen from Example 1 and Example 2 that the angle defect detection method for copper rod processing of the present invention has the following significant advantages: first, the detection process is rigorous and scientific, from preparatory work to preliminary measurement, secondary detection and repeatability detection, each link is carefully designed and strictly implemented, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the detection result. Secondly, a variety of advanced measurement and image processing technologies are adopted, such as high-precision electronic angle ruler, image measurement technology, specific image enhancement processing and fitting algorithm, etc., which can accurately obtain the angle information of copper rod. Furthermore, detection parameters and thresholds are reasonably set, such as different shooting frame rates, image resolutions, preset thresholds, etc., so that it can adapt to the copper rod detection needs of different specifications and standard angles. Finally, through the verification of multiple embodiments, it is proved that the method has good versatility and practicality, and can provide a kind of efficient and accurate angle defect detection solution for copper rod processing industry, which helps to improve product quality and production efficiency.

[0077] The embodiments of the present invention are given for the purpose of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the disclosed forms. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments are selected and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of the present invention and to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the present invention and thereby design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for specific uses.

Claims

1. A method for detecting angle defects in copper rod processing, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Prepare the copper rod to be tested and ensure that the surface of the copper rod is clean and free of obvious dirt and impurities; S2: Place the copper rod whose surface has been cleaned in S1 on a horizontal and sufficiently rigid testing platform; S3: Use a laser marking instrument to project a reference line on the detection platform; S4: Use a high-precision measuring tool to perform a preliminary measurement of the angle of the copper rod. During the measurement, the measuring surface of the measuring tool is closely fitted to the surface to be measured of the copper rod, and the measurement value α1 is read.

2. A method for detecting angle defects in copper rod processing as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, a high-precision measuring tool performs a preliminary measurement of the angle of the copper rod, measures the angles at least three different positions, and calculates the average value α_avg1; If the initially measured angle deviation value Δα1=|α_avg1-standard angle α0| is less than the preset threshold value T1, it is preliminarily judged that the copper rod angle has no defects, otherwise, the copper rod is marked as a suspected angle defect.

3. A method for detecting angle defects in copper rod processing as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, the high-precision measuring tool is an electronic angle ruler with a measuring accuracy of no less than 0.1 degrees. The electronic angle ruler is calibrated before use, and the calibration formula is: calibration value = measurement value + calibration deviation.

4. A method for detecting angle defects in copper rod processing as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, a fixture is provided on the detection platform, and the pressure applied by the fixture is uniform; The pressure calculation formula of the fixture is: F=k×S×P, where k is the pressure coefficient, S is the contact area, and P is the preset pressure value.

5. A method for detecting angle defects in copper rod processing as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The fixing device comprises an adjustable clamping jaw, and the adjustment range of the clamping jaw is [D_min, D_max], wherein D_min is the minimum diameter of the copper rod that can be clamped, and D_max is the maximum diameter of the copper rod that can be clamped.

6. A method for detecting angle defects in copper rod processing as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: For copper rods suspected of having angle defects in the initial measurement, image measurement technology is used for secondary inspection: the shooting angle and parameters of the industrial camera are adjusted to obtain a clear image of the copper rod, and the edge contour of the copper rod is extracted using image processing software to calculate the angle value α2.

7. A method for detecting angle defects in copper rod processing as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: In the image measurement technology, the angle calculation adopts the least square method to fit the straight line, and the angle of the copper rod is calculated according to the inclination angle of the straight line.

8. A method for detecting angle defects in copper rod processing as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: When performing secondary inspection using image measurement technology, the shooting frame rate of the industrial camera is at least 30 frames per second, the image resolution is not less than 1920×1080 pixels, and the image processing software is used to enhance the image. The enhancement formula is: I_enhanced=a×I_original+b, where I_original is the grayscale value of the original image, a and b are enhancement coefficients, and 1 <a<2,0<b<100。 9. A method for detecting angle defects in copper rod processing as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: When fitting a straight line using the least squares method, select no less than 20 feature points on the edge contour of the copper rod for calculation, and calculate the goodness of fit R². If R² is greater than 0.95, the fitting effect is considered to be good, otherwise reselect the feature points or adjust the fitting algorithm.

10. A method for detecting angle defects in copper rod processing as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: Perform repeatability test on the angle value α2 of the secondary test. Repeat the test on the same copper rod for no less than 5 times and calculate the standard deviation σ of the angle value. If σ is less than the preset threshold value T2, the test result is considered reliable. Otherwise, retest. The standard deviation calculation formula is: , where α2_i is the angle value of the i-th detection, α2_avg is the average angle value of multiple detections, and n is the number of detections.

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