Helicopter tail rotor blade form and location tolerance detection tool and detection method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a helicopter tail rotor form and location tolerance detection tool and a detection method thereof, and relates to the technical field of tail rotor detection, the helicopter tail rotor form and location tolerance detection tool comprises a base and a clamping assembly, the clamping assembly comprises a positioning vertical plate, a positioning support block, a V-shaped positioning plate, a clamping assembly and a cylindrical pin positioning block; the positioning vertical plate is fixed on the base, and one side plate surface, the top end surface and one side end surface of the positioning vertical plate are mutually orthogonal; the positioning supporting block is fixed to the upper portion of one side plate face of the positioning vertical plate. The V-shaped positioning plate is arranged on the upper end face of the positioning supporting block in parallel; a V-shaped positioning opening is formed in one side end of the V-shaped positioning plate; the upper end face of the positioning supporting block is a supporting positioning face. A clamping head of the clamping assembly horizontally corresponds to the V-shaped positioning opening; the cylindrical pin positioning block can move, one positioning side face of the cylindrical pin positioning block is attached to one side plate face of the positioning vertical plate, and the other positioning side face of the cylindrical pin positioning block abuts against the peripheral walls of any two adjacent cylindrical pins for positioning. According to the invention, the tail rotor blade can be reliably positioned to assist the three-coordinate measuring machine in measurement, so that the efficient measurement of the assembly matching parameters of the tail rotor blade is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tail rotor blade detection, in particular to a helicopter tail rotor blade form and position tolerance detection tool and a detection method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The Z-9 helicopter is a twin-engine light multi-purpose helicopter developed and produced by my country after introducing a French patent. It is now widely used in military and civilian fields. Its tail rotor is a ducted fan tail rotor. It is installed on the shell after being connected to the blade eccentric pin at the blade root. In order to ensure the assembly of the tail rotor and the shell, a three-coordinate measuring machine is generally used to accurately measure their matching parameters. Figure 1 , the measurement position of the tail rotor blade is at the bottom of the petiole. There are four pins evenly distributed vertically on the tail rotor blade disk corresponding to the bottom of the petiole. The position of the cylindrical surface B of the four cylindrical sections at the bottom of the pin needs to be measured. The difficulties in its measurement and programming are: the position reference plane is plane A, and the surface of plane A is extremely small; in addition, there is a threaded screw above the pin, which cannot be measured; the diameter of the four cylindrical sections at the bottom of the pin is small and short, making programming difficult; when measuring the inside of plane A and cylindrical surface B, there are pins and petioles blocking it. The above problems make it difficult to position the blades, difficult to compile programs, and low detection efficiency. However, the geometric tolerances of this position will directly affect the assembly and performance of the blades and the propeller shell, and a three-coordinate measuring machine must be used to accurately measure them; due to the large production capacity of the blades, in order to improve the detection efficiency, only program measurement can be used.

[0003] To this end, how to provide a helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tooling and a detection method thereof, which can reliably position the tail rotor blade to assist the three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine in program measurement, thereby realizing efficient measurement of the assembly matching parameters of the tail rotor blade and the casing, and thereby significantly improving the detection efficiency is a problem that technical personnel in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes a helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tool and a detection method thereof, aiming to solve the technical problems of difficulty in measuring the assembly matching parameters of the traditional tail rotor blade and the shell and low detection efficiency.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] One aspect of the present invention provides a tool for detecting the shape and position tolerance of a helicopter tail rotor blade, wherein a petiole is vertically fixed to the middle of a disk at the root of the tail rotor blade, a plurality of bosses are evenly distributed on the disk surface around the petiole, the top surface of each boss is a positioning plane, a cylindrical pin is vertically fixed to the middle of the top surface of each boss, and the outer peripheral wall surface of one end of each cylindrical pin close to the corresponding boss is a positioning cylindrical surface, comprising:

[0007] A base and a clamping assembly, wherein the clamping assembly includes a positioning plate, a positioning support block, a V-shaped positioning plate, a clamping assembly and a cylindrical pin positioning block; the positioning plate is vertically fixed on the base, and one side plate surface, the top end surface and one side end surface thereof are orthogonal to each other to jointly form a rough positioning reference plane group;

[0008] The positioning support block is fixed on the upper plate surface of one side of the positioning vertical plate; the V-shaped positioning plate is arranged in parallel on the upper end surface of the positioning support block, and its side end away from the positioning vertical plate has a V-shaped positioning opening for positioning the outer circumference of the disk; the upper end surface of the positioning support block corresponds to the inner side of the V-shaped positioning opening, which is a supporting positioning surface for supporting the bottom surface of the disk; the clamping assembly is installed on the positioning vertical plate, and its clamping head horizontally corresponds to the V-shaped positioning opening, which is used to abut the outer circumference of the disk and clamp the disk at the V-shaped positioning opening;

[0009] The cylindrical pin positioning block is movable and positioned above the V-shaped positioning plate (23), and comprises at least two positioning side surfaces; one positioning side surface is parallel to and abuts against a side surface of the positioning vertical plate, and the other positioning side surface abuts against the outer peripheral walls of any two adjacent cylindrical pins to position the cylindrical pins.

[0010] When the inspection tool of the present invention is used, the tail rotor blade is first placed and the posture is adjusted on the inspection tool, and one side of the support disc is placed on the support positioning surface, which is used to support the bottom surface of the disc for initial positioning; one positioning side of the cylindrical pin positioning block is parallel to the surface of the positioning vertical plate, and the other positioning side is against the outer circumferential walls of any two adjacent cylindrical pins to locate the positions of multiple cylindrical pins, that is, to locate the spatial postures of multiple cylindrical pins relative to the inspection tool, so as to ensure the consistency of positioning and clamping during batch inspection of products. Tighten the adjustable bolt to make the clamping head gradually approach and press against the outer circumferential wall of the disc of the tail rotor blade, so as to make the outer circumferential wall of the disc close to the inner wall of the V-shaped positioning opening for positioning and clamping; then remove the cylindrical pin positioning block. The inspection tool of the present invention can reliably position the tail rotor blade to assist the three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine in program measurement, thereby realizing efficient measurement of the assembly matching parameters of the tail rotor blade and the shell, thereby significantly improving the inspection efficiency.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the clamping assembly includes a side positioning plate, a pressure plate, a fastening bolt and an adjustable bolt; the side positioning plate is vertically fixedly connected to a side surface of the positioning vertical plate and corresponds to one side end of the V-shaped positioning plate; a strip through hole is provided at one end of the pressure plate surface, and a threaded hole is provided at the other end; the fastening bolt movably passes through the strip through hole and fastens the pressure plate to the side end of the side positioning plate away from the positioning vertical plate; the adjustable bolt is threadedly connected in the threaded hole, and one end of the adjustable bolt is horizontally arranged corresponding to the V-shaped positioning opening to press against the clamping head on the outer circumference of the disc.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: the fastening bolt can movably penetrate the strip-shaped through hole and can slide along the length direction of the strip-shaped through hole to adjust the fastening position; the fastening bolt is threaded on the side end of the side positioning plate to fasten the pressure plate to the side positioning plate; the adjustable bolt can be screwed in and out of the threaded hole to flexibly adjust the clamping force; the clamping head of the adjustable bolt and the V-shaped positioning opening of the V-shaped positioning plate cooperate with each other to achieve reliable positioning and clamping of the disc of the tail rotor blade.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the bottom end surface of the cylindrical pin positioning block, the top end surface of the side positioning plate and the upper surface of the V-shaped positioning plate are all planes; the top end surface of the side positioning plate and the upper surface of the V-shaped positioning plate are located in the same plane.

[0014] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that when the cylindrical pin positioning block is in use, the bottom end surface of the cylindrical pin positioning block can be slidably adjusted against the upper surface of the V-shaped positioning plate or the top surface of the side positioning plate, so that one positioning side surface is parallel to the positioning vertical plate surface, and the other positioning side surface is against the outer peripheral walls of any two adjacent cylindrical pins to position the spatial postures of multiple cylindrical pins; thereby improving the positioning efficiency and positioning accuracy.

[0015] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the clamping head is an elastic clamping head.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: the use of an elastic clamping head in the clamping head can improve the reliability of the clamping force and avoid loose clamping; in addition, the elastic clamping head can be flexibly pressed against the outer wall of the disc to avoid the elastic clamping head scratching the outer wall of the disc when the disc is rotated and adjusted.

[0017] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the cylindrical pin positioning block is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: the bottom end face of the rectangular cylindrical pin positioning block can be adapted to fit and be placed on the upper end face of the V-shaped positioning plate; the four peripheral side faces of the rectangular cylindrical pin positioning block can all be used as positioning side faces. For example, one of the positioning side faces can be parallel to and abut against the side surface of the positioning vertical plate, and the other adjacent positioning side face can be abutted against the peripheral walls of any two adjacent cylindrical pins, so that the line connecting the two adjacent cylindrical pins abutting against the side surface of the positioning vertical plate is perpendicular to the side surface of the positioning vertical plate, thereby achieving the spatial posture of positioning multiple cylindrical pins; or, one of the positioning side faces can be parallel to and abut against the side surface of the positioning vertical plate, and the other opposite positioning side face can be abutted against the peripheral walls of any two adjacent cylindrical pins, so that the line connecting the two adjacent cylindrical pins abutting against the side surface of the positioning vertical plate is parallel to the side surface of the positioning vertical plate, thereby achieving the spatial posture of positioning multiple cylindrical pins.

[0019] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the base includes two horizontally arranged strip plates; the two strip plates are vertically fixed one by one at the bottom of the two side ends of the positioning vertical plate, and the two strip plates and the bottom end surfaces of the positioning vertical plate together constitute an I-shaped support positioning bottom surface.

[0020] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that the I-shaped support positioning bottom surface ensures the support stability of the detection tooling, thereby ensuring the reliability of the detection result using the three-coordinate measuring machine.

[0021] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the side end of the positioning support block away from the positioning vertical plate corresponds to the inner side of the V-shaped positioning opening, so as to define an avoidance zone for avoiding the blades of the tail rotor blade between the side end of the V-shaped positioning plate away from the positioning vertical plate and the side end of the positioning support block away from the positioning vertical plate.

[0022] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that the purpose of setting the avoidance zone is to prevent the side end of the positioning support block from touching and interfering with the blades of the tail rotor blade when the disc is rotated to adjust the spatial distribution of multiple cylindrical pins, thereby causing inaccurate positioning.

[0023] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the thickness of the V-shaped positioning plate is greater than or equal to the sum of the thickness of the disc and the boss.

[0024] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is: setting the thickness of the V-shaped positioning plate to the sum of the thickness of the disk and the boss can avoid the V-shaped positioning plate interfering with the measuring head of the three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine, making it easier for the measuring head of the three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine to detect the positioning plane and the positioning cylindrical surface.

[0025] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for detecting the shape and position tolerance of a helicopter tail rotor blade, comprising the helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tooling and a three-coordinate measuring machine; the detection steps include:

[0026] Step 1: Install the tail rotor blade on the helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tooling, and place the disc on the support positioning surface; place one positioning side surface of the cylindrical pin positioning block parallel to the positioning vertical plate surface, and the other positioning side surface against the outer circumferential walls of any two adjacent cylindrical pins to position the cylindrical pin; tighten the adjustable bolt to make the clamping head against the outer circumferential wall of the disc of the tail rotor blade, so that the outer circumferential wall of the disc is close to the inner wall surface of the V-shaped positioning opening for positioning and clamping, and then remove the cylindrical pin positioning block;

[0027] Step 2: Turn on the three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine, enter the programming state, collect surfaces, lines, and points on one side of the plate, the top surface, and one side of the end surface of the positioning vertical plate, and establish a rough coordinate system for the program;

[0028] Step 3: Collect at least two points on each positioning plane to construct plane A, and construct a Z axis perpendicular to plane A on plane A; let plane A correspond to the starting zero point of the Z axis;

[0029] Step 4: Select at least five points on each positioning cylindrical surface to construct multiple circles B, and use the centers of the circles B to construct a circle C, with the center of the circle C being the starting zero point in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction; connect the center of the circle C and one of the circles B to form a straight line h; construct a coordinate system with the Z axis as the first axis and the straight line h as the second axis;

[0030] Step 5: Input the theoretical polar diameter and polar angle according to the product design drawing of the tail rotor blade, and use the built-in measurement software of the three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine to calculate the position of each circle B.

[0031] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tool and a detection method thereof, which has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0032] 1. The detection tooling of the present invention realizes stable and accurate positioning of the tail rotor blade by supporting the bottom surface of the disc, clamping the outer peripheral wall of the positioning disc and positioning the cylindrical pin in space, creating favorable conditions for batch detection of tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance using a three-coordinate measuring machine.

[0033] 2. The detection tooling of the present invention effectively avoids the positioning plane and positioning cylindrical surface used for tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection, as well as the blades of the tail rotor blade, thereby solving the motion interference problem of clamping, positioning and detection.

[0034] 3. The method for detecting the shape and position tolerance of helicopter tail rotor blades of the present invention utilizes each small positioning plane to jointly construct a large plane A, and constructs a first axis on plane A, utilizes each positioning cylindrical surface to construct a circle B, and utilizes the centers of each small circle B to jointly construct a large circle C, and constructs the second axis through a line connecting the center of circle C and one of the circles B, thereby realizing the precise construction of a coordinate system; and solves the problem that the traditional detection method cannot efficiently perform batch tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection due to the difficulty in locating the positioning plane and the positioning cylindrical surface and the difficulty in programming caused by the obstruction of the petiole. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0036] Figure 1A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the tail blade to which the detection tooling of the present invention is applicable;

[0037] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the tail blade positioning plane and positioning cylindrical surface structure applicable to the detection tooling of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a tool for detecting the shape and position tolerance of a helicopter tail rotor blade according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a state in which a tail rotor blade is clamped in a helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tooling of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 A schematic side view of a tool for detecting the shape and position tolerance of a helicopter tail rotor blade according to the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 A bottom view schematic diagram of a tool for detecting the shape and position tolerance of a helicopter tail rotor blade according to the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 A top view schematic diagram of a tool for detecting the shape and position tolerance of a helicopter tail rotor blade according to the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 A front view schematic diagram of a tool for detecting the shape and position tolerance of a helicopter tail rotor blade according to the present invention;

[0044] In the figure: 1. base; 11. strip plate; 2. clamping assembly; 21. positioning vertical plate; 211. coarse positioning reference plane 1; 212. coarse positioning reference plane 2; 213. coarse positioning reference plane 3; 22. positioning support block; 221. support positioning surface; 23. V-shaped positioning plate; 231. V-shaped positioning opening; 24. clamping assembly; 241. side positioning plate; 242. pressure plate; 2421. strip through hole; 2422. threaded hole; 243. fastening bolt; 244. adjustable bolt; 2441. clamping head; 25. cylindrical pin positioning block; 251. positioning side; 26. avoidance area; 3. I-shaped support positioning bottom surface; 4. tail rotor blade; 41. disk; 42. petiole; 43. boss; 431. positioning plane; 44. cylindrical pin; 441. positioning cylindrical surface; 45. blade. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0046] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0047] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0048] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0049] According to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, the tail rotor blade 4 includes a disk 41, a petiole 42, a boss 43, a cylindrical pin 44 and a blade 45; the blade 45 is vertically fixed to the middle of the disk surface on one side of the disk 41, and the petiole 42 is vertically fixed to the middle of the disk surface on the other side of the disk 41; a plurality of circular bosses 43 are evenly distributed around the petiole 42 and fixed to the disk surface on the other side of the disk 41, and the top surface of each boss 43 is a positioning plane 431, and a cylindrical pin 44 is vertically and coaxially fixed to the middle of the top surface of each boss 43, and the outer peripheral wall surface of one end of each cylindrical pin 44 close to the corresponding boss 43 is a positioning cylindrical surface 441, and the outer peripheral wall surface of one end of each cylindrical pin 44 away from the corresponding boss 43 is an external thread structure.

[0050] like Figures 3 to 8 As shown, the helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tool comprises a base 1 and a clamping assembly 2. The clamping assembly 2 comprises a positioning vertical plate 21, a positioning support block 22, a V-shaped positioning plate 23, a clamping assembly 24 and a cylindrical pin positioning block 25.

[0051] The positioning vertical plate 21 is vertically fixed on the base 1, and its side plate surface, top surface and one side end surface are orthogonal to each other to jointly constitute a rough positioning reference plane group; the positioning support block 22 is fixed to the upper part of the side plate surface of the positioning vertical plate 21; the V-shaped positioning plate 23 is arranged in parallel on the upper end surface of the positioning support block 22, and its side end away from the positioning vertical plate 21 has a V-shaped positioning opening 231 for positioning the outer peripheral side of the disk 41; the upper end surface of the positioning support block 22 corresponds to the V-shaped positioning opening 231, and the inner side is a supporting positioning surface 221 for supporting the bottom surface of the disk 41; the clamping assembly 24 is installed on the positioning vertical plate 21, and its clamping head 2441 horizontally corresponds to the V-shaped positioning opening 231, which is used to abut the outer peripheral side of the disk 41 and clamp the disk 41 at the V-shaped positioning opening 231.

[0052] The cylindrical pin positioning block 25 is movable and positioned above the V-shaped positioning plate 23, and includes at least two positioning side surfaces 251. The cylindrical pin positioning block 25 is movable and has one positioning side surface 251 parallel to and abuts against a side surface of the positioning vertical plate 21, and the other positioning side surface 251 abuts against the outer peripheral wall of any two adjacent cylindrical pins 44, so that a certain spatial position relationship can be established between the line connecting the two adjacent cylindrical pins 44 and the surface of the positioning vertical plate 21, so as to realize the spatial posture of positioning multiple cylindrical pins 44.

[0053] When the inspection tooling of this embodiment is used, the tail rotor blade 4 is first placed and its posture is adjusted on the inspection tooling, and one side of the support disk 41 is placed on the support positioning surface 221. The support positioning surface 221 is used to support the bottom surface of the disk 41 for initial positioning, which plays a role in positioning the tail rotor blade 4 in the Z-axis direction; one positioning side surface 251 of the cylindrical pin positioning block 25 is parallel to the surface of the positioning vertical plate 21, and the other positioning side surface 251 is against the outer peripheral wall of any two adjacent cylindrical pins 44 to locate the positions of multiple cylindrical pins 44, that is, to locate the spatial posture of multiple cylindrical pins 44 relative to the inspection tooling, so as to ensure the consistency of positioning and clamping during batch inspection of products. Screw the adjustable bolt 244 to make the clamping head 2441 gradually approach and press against the outer peripheral wall of the disk 41 of the tail rotor blade 4, so as to make the outer peripheral wall of the disk 41 close to the inner wall of the V-shaped positioning opening 231 for positioning and clamping; then remove the cylindrical pin positioning block 25. The detection tooling of the present invention has a simple structure, ingenious design, and is easy to use. It is economical and practical. It can reliably position the tail rotor blades to assist the three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine in program measurement, thereby achieving efficient measurement of the assembly matching parameters of the tail rotor blades and the casing, thereby significantly improving the detection efficiency and providing assistance for professional measurement work.

[0054] Specifically, the positioning plate 21 is a rectangular plate; one side plate surface of the positioning plate 21 is a rough positioning reference plane 1 211, the top end surface of the positioning plate 21 is a rough positioning reference plane 2 212, and one side end surface of the positioning plate 21 is a rough positioning reference plane 3 213. The rough positioning reference plane 1 211, the rough positioning reference plane 2 212 and the rough positioning reference plane 3 213 together constitute a rough positioning reference plane group.

[0055] Specifically, the rough positioning reference plane 3 213 of the positioning vertical plate 21 corresponds to the area above the positioning support block 22 and is used as abutment and positioning plane for the positioning side surface 251 of the cylindrical pin positioning block 25 to abut and position.

[0056] In some embodiments, the clamping assembly 24 includes a side positioning plate 241, a pressure plate 242, a fastening bolt 243 and an adjustable bolt 244; the side positioning plate 241 is vertically fixedly connected to a side plate surface of the positioning vertical plate 21 and corresponds to a side end of the V-shaped positioning plate 23; a strip through hole 2421 is opened at one end of the plate surface of the pressure plate 242 along the length direction, and a threaded hole 2422 is opened at the other end; the threaded section of the fastening bolt 243 movably passes through the strip through hole 2421 and is screwed into the threaded fixing hole at the side end of the side positioning plate 241 away from the positioning vertical plate 21, thereby fastening the pressure plate 242 to the side end of the side positioning plate 241 away from the positioning vertical plate 21; the adjustable bolt 244 is threadedly connected in the threaded hole 2422, and one end of it is horizontally arranged corresponding to the V-shaped positioning opening 231 to press against the clamping head 2441 on the outer peripheral side of the disk 41, which can play a role in positioning the X-axis of the tail rotor blade 4.

[0057] The fastening bolt 243 movably passes through the strip through hole 2421 and can slide along the length direction of the strip through hole 2421 to adjust the fastening position; the pressure plate 242 is rotated around the fastening bolt 243 to adjust the spatial position of the clamping head 2441; the fastening bolt 243 is screwed on the side end of the side positioning plate 241 to fasten the pressure plate 242 to the side positioning plate 241; the adjustable bolt 244 can be screwed in and out of the threaded hole 2422 to flexibly adjust the clamping force; the clamping head 2441 of the adjustable bolt 244 cooperates with the V-shaped positioning opening 231 of the V-shaped positioning plate 23 to achieve reliable positioning and clamping of the disk 41 of the tail rotor blade 4.

[0058] In some embodiments, the bottom end surface of the cylindrical pin positioning block 25, the top end surface of the side positioning plate 241 and the upper plate surface of the V-shaped positioning plate 23 are all planes; the top end surface of the side positioning plate 241 and the upper plate surface of the V-shaped positioning plate 23 are located in the same plane.

[0059] Specifically, the upper plate surface of the V-shaped positioning plate 23 is parallel to the supporting positioning surface 221 , and the upper plate surface of the V-shaped positioning plate 23 and the supporting positioning surface 221 are both perpendicular to the rough positioning reference plane three 213 .

[0060] When the cylindrical pin positioning block 25 is used, the bottom end surface of the cylindrical pin positioning block 25 can be fitted on the upper plate surface of the V-shaped positioning plate 23 or the top end surface of the side positioning plate 241 for sliding adjustment, so that one positioning side surface 251 is parallel to the plate surface of the positioning vertical plate 21, and the other positioning side surface 251 is against any two adjacent cylindrical pins 44 or the outer peripheral wall of the adjacent boss 43 to position the spatial posture of multiple cylindrical pins 44; thereby improving the positioning efficiency and positioning accuracy. The cylindrical pin positioning block 25 plays the role of positioning the Y axis of the tail rotor blade 4. After positioning is completed, the cylindrical pin positioning block 25 needs to be removed to avoid interfering with the detection work of the measuring head of the three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine.

[0061] In some embodiments, the clamping head 2441 is an elastic clamping head.

[0062] The clamping head 2441 adopts an elastic clamping head to improve the reliability of the clamping force and avoid loose clamping; in addition, the elastic clamping head can flexibly press against the outer wall of the disk 41 to avoid the elastic clamping head scratching the outer wall of the disk 41 when the disk 41 is rotated and adjusted.

[0063] Specifically, the clamping head 2441 can be made of a rubber or silicone soft head with a certain elasticity.

[0064] Specifically, the adjustable bolt 244 can be made by sleeve-connecting a rubber head to one end of a metal adjusting bolt.

[0065] In some embodiments, the cylindrical pin positioning block 25 is in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and each outer wall surface thereof is a positioning side surface 251 .

[0066] The bottom end surface of the rectangular cylindrical pin positioning block 25 can be adapted to fit and be placed on the upper end surface of the V-shaped positioning plate 23; the four peripheral side surfaces of the rectangular cylindrical pin positioning block 25 can all be used as positioning side surfaces 251. For example, one of the positioning side surfaces 251 can be parallel to a side surface of the positioning vertical plate 21, and another adjacent positioning side surface 251 can be against the peripheral walls of any two adjacent cylindrical pins 44, so that the line connecting the two adjacent cylindrical pins 44 against the positioning is perpendicular to the side surface of the positioning vertical plate 21, thereby achieving the spatial posture of positioning multiple cylindrical pins 44; or, one of the positioning side surfaces 251 can be parallel to a side surface of the positioning vertical plate 21, and another opposite positioning side surface 251 can be against the peripheral walls of any two adjacent cylindrical pins 44, so that the line connecting the two adjacent cylindrical pins 44 against the positioning is parallel to the side surface of the positioning vertical plate 21, thereby achieving the spatial posture of positioning multiple cylindrical pins 44.

[0067] In some embodiments, the base 1 includes two horizontally oppositely arranged strip plates 11; the two strip plates 11 are vertically fixed one by one at the bottom of the two side ends of the positioning vertical plate 21, and the bottom end surfaces of the two strip plates 11 and the positioning vertical plate 21 together constitute an I-shaped support positioning bottom surface 3.

[0068] The I-shaped support positioning bottom surface 3 ensures the support stability of the detection fixture to ensure the reliability of the detection result using the three-coordinate measuring machine.

[0069] Specifically, the upper plate surface of the V-shaped positioning plate 23 and the support positioning surface 221 are parallel to the I-shaped support positioning bottom surface 3, and the I-shaped support positioning bottom surface 3 is perpendicular to the rough positioning reference plane three 213.

[0070] In some embodiments, the side end of the positioning support block 22 away from the positioning vertical plate 21 corresponds to the inner side of the V-shaped positioning opening 231, so as to define an avoidance zone 26 for avoiding the blade 45 of the tail rotor blade 4 between the side end of the V-shaped positioning plate 23 away from the positioning vertical plate 21 and the side end of the positioning support block 22 away from the positioning vertical plate 21.

[0071] The avoidance area 26 is provided to prevent the side end of the positioning support block 22 from touching and interfering with the blade 45 of the tail rotor blade 4 when the disc 41 is rotated to adjust the spatial distribution of the plurality of cylindrical pins 44, thereby preventing inaccurate positioning.

[0072] In some embodiments, the thickness of the V-shaped positioning plate 23 is greater than or equal to the sum of the thicknesses of the disk 41 and the boss 43 .

[0073] By setting the thickness of the V-shaped positioning plate 23 to be greater than or equal to the sum of the thicknesses of the disk 41 and the boss 43, the top surface of the boss 43 of the tail rotor blade 4 in the clamped state can be made flush with or slightly lower than the top surface of the V-shaped positioning plate 23, thereby avoiding interference between the V-shaped positioning plate 23 and the side positioning plate 241 with the measuring head of the three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine, making it easier for the measuring head of the three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine to detect the positioning plane 431 and the positioning cylindrical surface 441; at the same time, it can also ensure that when the bottom surface of the cylindrical pin positioning block 25 slides on the top surface of the V-shaped positioning plate 23, the boss 43 will not interfere with the movement and adjustment of the cylindrical pin positioning block 25.

[0074] In some embodiments, the thickness of the V-shaped positioning plate 23 is equal to the thickness of the disk 41. One side of the cylindrical pin positioning block 25 is slidably adjusted on the rough positioning reference plane 3 213, and the other side thereof is parallel and opposite to the outer circumferential wall of any two adjacent cylindrical pins 44 for directional positioning; or one side of the cylindrical pin positioning block 25 is slidably adjusted on the rough positioning reference plane 3 213, and the other side thereof is parallel and opposite to the outer circumferential wall of any two adjacent cylindrical pins 44 for directional positioning.

[0075] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting the shape and position tolerance of a helicopter tail rotor blade, including a helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tool and a three-coordinate measuring machine; the detection steps include:

[0076] Step 1: Install the tail rotor blade 4 on the helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tooling, and place the disc 41 on the support positioning surface 221; place one positioning side surface 251 of the cylindrical pin positioning block 25 parallel to the surface of the positioning vertical plate 21, and the other positioning side surface 251 against the outer peripheral walls of any two adjacent cylindrical pins 44 to position the cylindrical pins 44; screw the adjustable bolt 244 to make the clamping head 2441 press against the outer peripheral wall of the disc 41 of the tail rotor blade 4, so that the outer peripheral wall of the disc 41 is tightly against the inner wall of the V-shaped positioning opening 231 for positioning and clamping, and then remove the cylindrical pin positioning block 25;

[0077] Step 2: Turn on the three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine and enter the programming state. Use the measuring head of the three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine to collect surfaces, lines and points on one side plate surface, the top surface and one side end surface of the positioning vertical plate 21 to establish a rough coordinate system of the program;

[0078] Step 3: Use the measuring head of the three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine to collect at least two points on each positioning plane 431 to construct plane A, and construct a Z axis perpendicular to plane A on plane A; let plane A correspond to the starting zero point of the Z axis, that is, clear Z=0;

[0079] Step 4: Use the measuring head of the three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine to select at least five points on each positioning cylindrical surface 441 to construct multiple circles B, and use the center of each circle B to construct a circle C, and let the center of circle C be the starting zero point in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, that is, clear X=0, Y=0; connect the center of circle C and one of the circles B to form a straight line h; use the Z axis as the first axis and the straight line h as the second axis to construct a coordinate system;

[0080] Step 5: Input the theoretical polar diameter and polar angle according to the product design drawing of the tail rotor blade 4, and use the built-in measurement software of the three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine to calculate the position of each circle B;

[0081] Step 6: Save the test plan.

[0082] In some embodiments, the number of bosses 43 and cylindrical pins 44 of the tail rotor blade 4 is four. In step three, two points are collected on each positioning plane 431 to construct plane A. Since each boss 43 has a small positioning plane 431, two points are collected on each small positioning plane 431 to form plane A. The Z axis perpendicular to plane A is established on plane A as the first axis; plane A is made to correspond to the starting zero point of the Z axis, that is, a clear Z=0 operation is performed. In step four, five points are selected on each of the four small positioning cylindrical surfaces 441 to measure circle B. 1 , Circle B 2 , Circle B 3 and circle B 4 , while using circle B 1 , Circle B 2 , Circle B3 and circle B 4 The generated center of the circle establishes circle C, which is set as the starting zero point in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction (i.e., clearing X=0, Y=0). Connect circle C and circle B 1 The center of the circle forms a straight line h, and a coordinate system is constructed with the h-axis as the second axis.

[0083] It should be noted that the actual measurement process of the three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine is the self-learning of the programming process. The built-in measurement software of the three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine is Emeas measurement software or PC-DIMS measurement software. The measurement software names used by three-dimensional coordinate measuring machines of different manufacturers may be different, but the measurement principles are the same.

[0084] It should be noted that when batch measurement is required, the tail rotor blades can be clamped according to the above method, the measurement program can be called out, and the measurement program can be executed to achieve efficient batch detection.

[0085] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0086] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tool for detecting the shape and position tolerance of a helicopter tail rotor blade, wherein a petiole (42) is vertically fixed in the middle of a disk (41) at the root of a tail rotor blade (4), a plurality of bosses (43) are evenly distributed on the disk surface of the disk (41) around the petiole (42), the top surface of each boss (43) is a positioning plane (431), a cylindrical pin (44) is vertically fixed in the middle of the top surface of each boss (43), and the outer peripheral wall surface of one end of each cylindrical pin (44) close to the corresponding boss (43) is a positioning cylindrical surface (441), characterized in that: include: A base (1) and a clamping assembly (2), wherein the clamping assembly (2) comprises a positioning vertical plate (21), a positioning support block (22), a V-shaped positioning plate (23), a clamping assembly (24) and a cylindrical pin positioning block (25); the positioning vertical plate (21) is vertically fixed on the base (1), and one side plate surface, the top end surface and one side end surface thereof are mutually orthogonal to jointly form a rough positioning reference plane group; The positioning support block (22) is fixed to the upper part of one side plate surface of the positioning vertical plate (21); the V-shaped positioning plate (23) is arranged in parallel on the upper end surface of the positioning support block (22), and its side end away from the positioning vertical plate (21) has a V-shaped positioning opening (231) for positioning the outer peripheral side of the disk (41); the upper end surface of the positioning support block (22) corresponds to the inner side of the V-shaped positioning opening (231) and is a supporting positioning surface (221) for supporting the bottom surface of the disk (41); the clamping assembly (24) is installed on the positioning vertical plate (21), and its clamping head (2441) horizontally corresponds to the V-shaped positioning opening (231), and is used to abut the outer peripheral side of the disk (41) and clamp the disk (41) at the V-shaped positioning opening (231); The cylindrical pin positioning block (25) is movable and located above the V-shaped positioning plate (23), and comprises at least two positioning side surfaces (251); one positioning side surface (251) is parallel to and abuts against a side surface of the positioning vertical plate (21), and the other positioning side surface (251) abuts against the outer peripheral walls of any two adjacent cylindrical pins (44) to position the cylindrical pins (44).

2. The helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tool according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The clamping assembly (24) comprises a side positioning plate (241), a pressure plate (242), a fastening bolt (243) and an adjustable bolt (244); the side positioning plate (241) is vertically fixedly connected to a side plate surface of the positioning vertical plate (21) and corresponds to a side end of the V-shaped positioning plate (23); a strip through hole (2421) is provided on one end of the plate surface of the pressure plate (242), and a threaded hole (2422) is provided on the other end; the fastening bolt (243) movably penetrates the strip through hole (2421) and fastens the pressure plate (242) to the side end of the side positioning plate (241) away from the positioning vertical plate (21); the adjustable bolt (244) is threadedly connected in the threaded hole (2422), and one end of the adjustable bolt is a clamping head (2441) arranged horizontally corresponding to the V-shaped positioning opening (231) to press against the outer peripheral side of the disc (41).

3. The helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tool according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom end surface of the cylindrical pin positioning block (25), the top end surface of the side positioning plate (241) and the upper plate surface of the V-shaped positioning plate (23) are all planes; the top end surface of the side positioning plate (241) and the upper plate surface of the V-shaped positioning plate (23) are located in the same plane.

4. The helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping head (2441) is an elastic clamping head.

5. The helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylindrical pin positioning block (25) is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped.

6. The helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (1) comprises two horizontally oppositely arranged strip plates (11); the two strip plates (11) are vertically fixed one by one to the bottom ends of both sides of the positioning upright plate (21); the bottom end surfaces of the two strip plates (11) and the positioning upright plate (21) together form an I-shaped support positioning bottom surface (3).

7. The helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side end of the positioning support block (22) away from the positioning vertical plate (21) corresponds to the inner side of the V-shaped positioning opening (231), so as to define an avoidance area (26) for avoiding the blades (45) of the tail rotor blade (4) between the side end of the V-shaped positioning plate (23) away from the positioning vertical plate (21) and the side end of the positioning support block (22) away from the positioning vertical plate (21).

8. The helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the V-shaped positioning plate (23) is greater than or equal to the sum of the thicknesses of the disc (41) and the boss (43).

9. A method for detecting the shape and position tolerance of a helicopter tail rotor blade, characterized in that: The method comprises a helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tool and a three-coordinate measuring machine as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8; the detection steps include: Step 1: Install the tail rotor blade (4) on the helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tooling, and place the disk (41) on the support positioning surface (221); place one positioning side surface (251) of the cylindrical pin positioning block (25) parallel to the positioning vertical plate (21) plate surface, and the other positioning side surface (251) against the outer peripheral walls of any two adjacent cylindrical pins (44) to position the cylindrical pins (44); screw the adjustable bolt (244) to make the clamping head (2441) press against the outer peripheral wall of the disk (41) of the tail rotor blade (4), so that the outer peripheral wall of the disk (41) is tightly against the inner wall surface of the V-shaped positioning opening (231) for positioning and clamping, and then remove the cylindrical pin positioning block (25); Step 2: Turn on the three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine, enter the programming state, collect surfaces, lines and points on one side plate surface, the top surface and one side end surface of the positioning vertical plate (21), and establish a program rough coordinate system; Step 3: Collect at least two points on each positioning plane (431) to construct a plane A, and construct a Z axis perpendicular to the plane A on the plane A; let the plane A correspond to the starting zero point of the Z axis; Step 4: Select at least five points on each positioning cylindrical surface (441) to construct a plurality of circles B, and construct a circle C using the centers of the circles B, with the center of the circle C being the starting zero point in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction; connect the center of the circle C and one of the circles B to form a straight line h; construct a coordinate system with the Z axis as the first axis and the straight line h as the second axis; Step 5: Input the theoretical polar diameter and polar angle according to the product design drawing of the tail rotor blade (4), and use the built-in measurement software of the three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine to calculate the position of each circle B.

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