Soil detecting and sampling device for grain planting

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of soil sampling, and particularly relates to a grain planting soil detecting and sampling device which comprises a base, a supporting column is fixedly arranged on one side of the base, a top plate is fixedly arranged on the supporting column, a driving mechanism and a stratified sampling mechanism are arranged on the top plate, and a soil sample storage mechanism is arranged on the base. The stratified sampling mechanism comprises a sampling drill rod assembly and a pressure difference sampling assembly, the pressure difference sampling assembly is installed on the top plate, and the sampling drill rod assembly is located below the top plate and connected with the pressure difference sampling assembly; by combining the pressure difference principle with the longitudinally-arranged temporary storage cavities, soil of different depths can be collected in a layered mode in one-time sampling operation, after the soil is collected, the soil of different depths is sprayed into the corresponding sample receiving plates to be stored according to the pressure difference principle again, sample mixing is effectively avoided, accurate layered sampling is achieved, and the sampling efficiency is improved. And the collected soil sample is kept in an original state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of soil sampling, and in particular refers to a soil detection sampling device for grain planting. Background Art

[0002] In the field of grain planting, accurate understanding of soil conditions is crucial to optimizing planting strategies and improving grain yield and quality. In order to select suitable planting sites, it is generally necessary to use a detection device to detect and process them. The sampling device is a detection device, but it still has the following disadvantages in actual use: 1. Existing sampling devices generally use mechanical excavation to sample, but the soil in the excavation is mixed with each other, making it impossible to sample soil at different depths. It is also difficult to ensure the depth accuracy and scientific stratification of sampling, and it is impossible to accurately reflect the differences in soil characteristics at different depths; 2. The existing sampling device only uses a single container to hold the soil. When faced with the need for stratified sampling, it is unable to effectively isolate samples at different depths, which can easily cause sample confusion and make it difficult to accurately distinguish the characteristics of each layer of soil in subsequent soil testing. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a soil detection and sampling device for grain planting. By utilizing the pressure difference principle in combination with a longitudinally arranged temporary storage chamber, soil of different depths can be collected in layers in one sampling operation. After collecting the soil, the pressure difference principle is again utilized to spray the soil of different depths into the corresponding sample receiving tray for storage, thereby effectively avoiding sample mixing, realizing accurate layered sampling, and ensuring that the collected soil samples remain in their original state.

[0004] In order to achieve the above functions, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a soil detection sampling device for grain planting, comprising a base, a through opening is opened on the base, a support column is fixedly arranged on one side of the base, and two groups of the support columns are relatively arranged, and slide rails are arranged on the two opposite side walls of the support column, and a slider is slidably arranged on the slide rail, and a movable plate is fixedly connected between the two groups of the sliders, and a top plate is fixedly arranged on the support column, and a driving mechanism and a stratified sampling mechanism are arranged on the top plate, and a soil sample storage mechanism is arranged on the base, and a ground insertion fixing mechanism is arranged on the base, and after the stratified sampling mechanism passes through the through opening to perform stratified sampling on the soil, the soil sample taken out is transported to the soil sample storage mechanism for storage; the stratified sampling mechanism comprises a sampling drill rod assembly and a pressure differential sampling assembly, and the pressure differential sampling assembly is installed on the top plate, and the sampling drill rod assembly is located below the top plate and connected to the pressure differential sampling assembly; the soil sample storage mechanism comprises a capping assembly and a soil sample receiving assembly, and the capping assembly is installed on the base, and the soil sample receiving assembly is installed on the base.

[0005] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the differential pressure sampling assembly includes a piston cylinder, an air volume chamber and a spin-on disk, the piston cylinder rotatably penetrates a top plate, a piston plate is slidably arranged in the piston cylinder, a piston rod is connected under the piston plate, the bottom end of the piston rod moves and penetrates the bottom wall of the piston cylinder, the bottom end of the piston rod and the movable plate are rotatably penetrated, the air volume chamber is fixedly installed on the top plate, the top of the air volume chamber and the top of the piston cylinder are connected with an air pipe 1, an electromagnetic valve 1 is installed on the air pipe 1, the spin-on disk is rotatably sleeved on the piston rod, the spin-on disk is fixedly installed under the movable plate, the side wall of the spin-on disk is connected with the bottom of the air volume chamber with an air pipe 2, an electromagnetic valve 2 is installed on the air pipe 2, a gas through groove 1 is longitudinally arranged at the bottom end of the piston rod, the piston rod and the spin-on disk are spin-joined in a circular array with multiple groups of air holes, the inner ends of the air holes are connected with the gas through groove 1, and the outer ends of the air holes penetrate the side wall of the piston rod and are communicated with the internal cavity of the spin-on disk.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the sampling drill rod assembly includes a sampling rod and a drill bit, the sampling rod is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the piston rod, the sampling rod is hollow inside, a gas through groove 2 is longitudinally arranged in the sampling rod, the gas through groove 2 is connected to the gas through groove 1, a plurality of groups of suction nozzles are longitudinally arranged on the side wall of the sampling rod, a plurality of groups of temporary storage cavities are longitudinally arranged in the sampling rod, the temporary storage cavities are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the suction nozzles, the temporary storage cavities are connected to the suction nozzles, a gas port is arranged on the top of the side wall of the temporary storage cavity, a filter-type gas valve is installed in the gas port, only gas is allowed to pass through, and solid matter is prevented from passing through, the temporary storage cavity is connected to the gas through groove 2 through the gas port, and the drill bit is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sampling rod, and the pressure difference principle is combined with the longitudinally arranged temporary storage cavities to collect soil at different depths in a sampling operation in layers, and after collecting the soil, the pressure difference principle is used again to spray out the soil at different depths in the temporary storage cavity.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the soil sample receiving assembly includes a central column, a sample receiving tray, an incomplete gear, a rotating motor and a driving gear. The central column is rotatably arranged on the base. A retaining ring is installed on the side wall of the sample receiving tray. The sample receiving tray is installed on the central column through the retaining ring. The sample receiving tray is arranged in multiple groups vertically and is arranged one-to-one with the suction nozzles. The incomplete gear is fixedly sleeved on the bottom end of the central column, the rotating motor is installed on the base, and the driving gear is arranged on the rotating motor. The driving gear is meshed with the incomplete gear. The sample receiving tray is arranged vertically and is arranged one-to-one with the suction nozzles, ensuring that soil samples of different depths can accurately fall into their corresponding sample receiving trays, effectively avoiding sample mixing.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the sealing assembly includes a fixed column and a cover plate, the fixed column is fixedly arranged on the base, the cover plate is fixedly connected to the fixed column, the cover plates are arranged in multiple groups longitudinally and are arranged one by one corresponding to the sample receiving trays, and the sealing design provides reliable protection for soil samples and can ensure the originality and purity of the samples.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the driving mechanism includes a driving motor, a threaded rod and a transmission belt. The driving motor is installed on the top plate, one end of the threaded rod rotates through the top plate and is connected to the output end of the driving motor, the other end of the threaded rod is rotatably arranged on the base, the threaded rod and the movable plate are threadedly adapted and penetrated, one end of the transmission belt is sleeved on the output end of the driving motor, and the other end of the transmission belt is sleeved on the piston cylinder.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a movable wheel is installed under the base, and the ground-inserting fixing mechanism includes an electric push rod and a ground-inserting nail. The electric push rod is provided with two groups and is respectively fixed through the two corners of the base. The ground-inserting nail is connected under the output end of the electric push rod. After the device is moved to the sampling position, the electric push rod is extended to insert the ground-inserting nail into the soil to fix the device, thereby ensuring the stability of subsequent sampling and avoiding displacement during sampling.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts the above structure to achieve the following beneficial effects: 1. Through the unique stratified sampling mechanism, the pressure difference principle is combined with the longitudinally arranged temporary storage chamber, and the soil at different depths can be collected in layers in one sampling operation. After collecting the soil, the pressure difference principle is used again to spray the soil at different depths into the corresponding sample receiving tray for storage, which effectively avoids sample mixing and realizes accurate stratified sampling. Accurate stratified samples help determine the absorption capacity of soil at different depths for fertilizers; 2. The differential pressure sampling component uses a clever combination of piston cylinder, air chamber, air pipe and solenoid valve to accurately control the air pressure difference. When sampling, the air chamber is first evacuated into a vacuum. When the sampling rod reaches the predetermined depth, the corresponding passage is opened, and the soil at that depth is sucked into the temporary storage chamber through the suction nozzle by negative pressure. Since the temporary storage chambers are arranged longitudinally and correspond to different depths, accurate stratified sampling is achieved, providing reliable samples for all-round soil analysis; 3. The driving mechanism drives the sampling rod to rotate and insert into the soil. At the same time, the air pressure control is realized through the linkage between the piston rod and the piston cylinder. Compared with the traditional layered sampling method, it avoids soil disturbance and sample loss caused by multiple plugging and unplugging and replacement of sampling components. The sampling rod continues to rotate during the descent process, which can cut into the soil more smoothly, reduce the damage to the soil structure, and ensure that the collected soil samples remain in their original state, which is conducive to the subsequent research on subtle characteristics such as soil microorganisms and pore structure; 4. The sample receiving trays in the soil sample receiving assembly are arranged vertically and correspond to the suction nozzles one by one, ensuring that soil samples of different depths can accurately fall into their corresponding sample receiving trays, effectively avoiding sample mixing. With the help of the coordinated working mechanism of the rotating motor, the driving gear and the incomplete gear, the sample receiving tray can be flexibly rotated at critical moments. When the sampling rod descends to drill the soil, the sample receiving tray quickly rotates to a position away from the sampling rod, freeing up an obstacle-free space for the sampling operation and avoiding interference with the sampling process. When the sampling is completed and the sampling rod rises, the sample receiving tray can accurately and quickly rotate to the bottom of the suction nozzle to efficiently receive the sprayed soil samples. 5. The design of the sealing assembly provides reliable protection for soil samples and ensures the originality and purity of the samples. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 The overall structure of a soil sampling device for grain planting proposed by the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 The overall structure of a soil sampling device for grain planting proposed by the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of a layered sampling mechanism and a soil sample storage mechanism of a soil detection and sampling device for grain planting proposed by the present invention; Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of a layered sampling mechanism of a soil detection and sampling device for grain planting proposed by the present invention; Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of a screw-on disc and a piston rod of a soil detection and sampling device for grain planting proposed by the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of the middle part; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a soil sample storage mechanism of a soil detection and sampling device for grain planting proposed by the present invention; Figure 8 for Figure 7 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0013] Among them, 1. base, 11. through port, 2. support column, 21. slide rail, 211. slider, 3. top plate, 4. drive mechanism, 41. drive motor, 42. threaded rod, 43. transmission belt, 5. layered sampling mechanism, 51. sampling drill rod assembly, 511. sampling rod, 5111. gas through slot 2, 5112. suction nozzle, 5113. temporary storage chamber, 51131. gas port, 512. drill bit, 52. differential pressure sampling assembly, 521. piston cylinder, 5211. piston plate, 5212. piston rod, 52121. gas through slot 1, 52 122. air hole, 522. air volume chamber, 523. screw-on plate, 524. air pipe 1, 5241. solenoid valve 1, 525. air pipe 2, 5251. solenoid valve 2, 6. soil sample storage mechanism, 61. sealing assembly, 611. fixing column, 612. cover plate, 62. soil sample receiving assembly, 621. center column, 622. sample receiving plate, 6221. retaining ring, 623. incomplete gear, 624. rotating motor, 625. driving gear, 7. moving plate, 8. ground fixing mechanism, 81. electric push rod, 82. ground nail, 9. moving wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0015] like Figure 1-Figure 8 As shown, a soil detection sampling device for grain planting provided by the present invention comprises a base 1, a through hole 11 is opened on the base 1, a support column 2 is fixedly arranged on one side of the base 1, and two groups of support columns 2 are arranged opposite to each other, slide rails 21 are arranged on the two opposite side walls of the support column 2, a slider 211 is slidably arranged on the slide rail 21, a moving plate 7 is fixedly connected between the two groups of sliders 211, a top plate 3 is fixedly arranged on the support column 2, a driving mechanism 4 and a stratified sampling mechanism 5 are arranged on the top plate 3, and a soil sample storage mechanism 5 is arranged on the base 1. The stratified sampling mechanism 5 samples the soil in layers through the through opening 11, and then transports the taken soil samples to the soil sample storage mechanism 6 for storage; the stratified sampling mechanism 5 includes a sampling drill rod assembly 51 and a differential pressure sampling assembly 52, the differential pressure sampling assembly 52 is installed on the top plate 3, the sampling drill rod assembly 51 is located below the top plate 3 and is connected to the differential pressure sampling assembly 52; the soil sample storage mechanism 6 includes a sealing cover assembly 61 and a soil sample receiving assembly 62, the sealing cover assembly 61 is installed on the base 1, and the soil sample receiving assembly 62 is installed on the base 1.

[0016] like Figure 1-Figure 5As shown, the differential pressure sampling assembly 52 includes a piston cylinder 521, an air volume chamber 522 and a rotary plate 523. The piston cylinder 521 is rotatably arranged to penetrate the top plate 3. A piston plate 5211 is slidably arranged in the piston cylinder 521. A piston rod 5212 is connected below the piston plate 5211. The bottom end of the piston rod 5212 moves and penetrates the bottom wall of the piston cylinder 521. The bottom end of the piston rod 5212 is rotatably arranged with the movable plate 7. The air volume chamber 522 is fixedly installed on the top plate 3. The top of the air volume chamber 522 and the top of the piston cylinder 521 are connected with an air pipe 524. An electromagnetic valve 5241 is installed on the air pipe 524. The screw-on disk 523 is rotatably sleeved on the piston rod 5212, and the screw-on disk 523 is fixedly installed under the movable plate 7. The side wall of the screw-on disk 523 and the bottom of the air volume chamber 522 are connected with an air pipe 2 525, and an electromagnetic valve 2 5251 is installed on the air pipe 2 525. A gas groove 1 52121 is longitudinally arranged at the bottom end of the piston rod 5212. There are eight groups of air holes 52122 in a circular array at the screw-on connection between the piston rod 5212 and the screw-on disk 523. The inner end of the air hole 52122 is communicated with the gas groove 1 52121, and the outer end of the air hole 52122 passes through the side wall of the piston rod 5212 and communicates with the internal cavity of the screw-on disk 523.

[0017] like Figure 1-Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the sampling drill rod assembly 51 includes a sampling rod 511 and a drill bit 512. The sampling rod 511 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the piston rod 5212. The sampling rod 511 is hollow inside. A gas through groove 2 5111 is longitudinally arranged in the sampling rod 511. The gas through groove 2 5111 is connected to the gas through groove 1 52121. Eight groups of suction nozzles 5112 are arranged longitudinally on the side wall of the sampling rod 511. Eight groups of temporary storage cavities 5113 are arranged longitudinally in the sampling rod 511. The temporary storage cavities 5113 are arranged one by one with the suction nozzles 5112. The temporary storage cavities 5113 are connected to the suction nozzles 5112. The top of the side wall of the temporary storage cavity 5113 is provided with a gas port 51131. The gas port 51131 is installed with a gas port 51131. The filter type gas valve only allows gas to pass through and prevents solid matter from passing through. The temporary storage chamber 5113 is connected to the gas through-slot 2 5111 through the gas port 51131. The drill bit 512 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sampling rod 511. The solenoid valve 1 5241 is opened and the solenoid valve 2 5251 is closed. When the sampling rod 511 is rotated downward and inserted into the soil, the sampling rod 511 pulls the piston plate 5211 to move downward in the piston cylinder 521 through the piston rod 5212. The piston cylinder 521 extracts the gas in the gas volume chamber 522 through the air pipe 1 524, and the gas volume chamber 522 is evacuated into a vacuum state. When the sampling rod 511 reaches a suitable sampling depth, the solenoid valve 1 5241 is closed and the solenoid valve 2 5251 is opened. 251, the gas chamber 522 leads to the temporary storage chamber 5113 through the gas passage formed by the gas pipe 2 525, the screw-on disk 523, the gas groove 1 52121, the gas groove 2 5111 and the gas port 51131. Since the pressure in the gas chamber 522 is much lower than the external atmospheric pressure at this time, the negative pressure sucks the surrounding soil into the temporary storage chamber 5113 through the suction nozzle 5112, and the soil does not fill the entire temporary storage chamber 5113, so the soil does not block the gas port 51131 at the top of the temporary storage chamber 5113. The longitudinally arranged temporary storage chamber 5113 collects soil samples of different depths in layers. After the collection is completed, the solenoid valve 1 5241 opens and the solenoid valve 2 5251 closes, and then the sampling rod 511 is raised back to the initial position. At the initial position, during the rising process of the sampling rod 511, the piston plate 5211 is driven by the piston rod 5212 to move upward in the piston cylinder 521, and the gas in the piston cylinder 521 is transported back to the air volume chamber 522 through the air pipe 1 524. At this time, the air volume chamber 522 receives part of the gas that enters when collecting the soil and the gas that is initially in the air volume chamber 522. At this time, the air volume chamber 522 is filled with gas, and the solenoid valve 1 5241 is closed again and the solenoid valve 2 5251 is opened. The gas pressure in the temporary storage chamber 5113 is higher than the external environment pressure, and the gas will follow the principle of diffusion from the high-pressure area to the low-pressure area, thereby spraying the soil on the bottom side of the temporary storage chamber 5113 from the air nozzle into the sample receiving plate 622.

[0018] like Figure 1-Figure 3 and Figure 7-Figure 8As shown, the soil sample receiving assembly 62 includes a central column 621, a sample receiving plate 622, an incomplete gear 623, a rotating motor 624 and a driving gear 625. The central column 621 is rotatably arranged on the base 1. A snap ring 6221 is installed on the side wall of the sample receiving plate 622. The sample receiving plate 622 is installed on the central column 621 through the snap ring 6221. The sample receiving plate 622 is arranged in eight groups in a longitudinal direction and is arranged one by one with the suction nozzle 5112. The incomplete gear 623 is fixedly sleeved on the bottom end of the central column 621. The rotating motor 624 is installed on the base 1. The driving gear 625 is arranged on the rotating motor 624. The driving gear 625 is meshed with the incomplete gear 623. When the sampling rod 511 descends to take a sample, the sample receiving plate 622 rotates away from the sampling rod 511, which does not affect the sampling rod 511 from descending and drilling. When sampling is completed and the sample returns to the initial position, the rotating motor 624 drives the driving gear 625 to rotate, and the driving gear 625 drives the incomplete gear 623 to rotate, and the incomplete gear 623 drives the sample receiving tray 622 on the central column 621 to rotate to the bottom of the suction nozzle 5112, so as to receive the soil sample conveniently; the sealing assembly 61 includes a fixed column 611 and a cover plate 612, the fixed column 611 is fixedly arranged on the base 1, and the cover plate 612 is fixedly connected to the fixed column 611, and the cover plate 612 is arranged in eight groups in a longitudinal direction and is arranged one by one with the sample receiving tray 622. When the sample receiving tray 622 rotates to a position away from the sampling rod 511, it is just located below the cover plate 612, and the cover plate 612 covers the sample receiving tray 622 to shield and protect the soil in the sample receiving tray 622, so as to better store the soil sample for subsequent detection.

[0019] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the driving mechanism 4 includes a driving motor 41, a threaded rod 42 and a transmission belt 43. The driving motor 41 is installed on the top plate 3. One end of the threaded rod 42 rotates to penetrate the top plate 3 and is connected to the output end of the driving motor 41. The other end of the threaded rod 42 is rotatably arranged on the base 1. The threaded rod 42 and the movable plate 7 are threadedly adapted and penetrated. One end of the transmission belt 43 is sleeved on the output end of the driving motor 41, and the other end of the transmission belt 43 is sleeved on the piston cylinder 521. The driving motor 41 drives the threaded rod 42 to rotate, and the movable plate 7 is driven to realize vertical movement on the slide rail 21 through the slider 211 under the threaded transmission of the threaded rod 42. At the same time, the driving motor 41 drives the piston cylinder 521 to rotate through the transmission belt 43, and the piston cylinder 521 drives the sampling rod 511 and the drill bit 512 to rotate through the piston rod 5212. Due to the screw connection between the movable plate 7 and the piston rod 5212, the rotation of the piston rod 5212 and the vertical telescopic movement do not conflict with each other.

[0020] like Figure 1-Figure 2As shown, a moving wheel 9 is installed under the base 1, and the ground-inserting fixing mechanism 8 includes an electric push rod 81 and a ground-inserting nail 82. The electric push rod 81 is provided with two groups and is respectively fixed through the two corners of the base 1. The ground-inserting nail 82 is connected to the output end of the electric push rod 81. After the device is moved to the sampling position, the electric push rod 81 is extended to insert the ground-inserting nail 82 into the soil to fix the device, thereby ensuring the stability of subsequent sampling.

[0021] When in use, the device is moved to the designated soil sampling position, and the electric push rods 81 are started, that is, the two sets of electric push rods 81 are controlled to extend, so that the ground nails 82 are deeply inserted into the soil, ensuring that the entire device is stably placed and will not be displaced in subsequent operations; First, turn on the rotating motor 624, which drives the driving gear 625 to rotate, and the driving gear 625 drives the incomplete gear 623 to rotate. The incomplete gear 623 drives the sample receiving plate 622 on the central column 621 to rotate to a position away from the sampling rod 511. At this time, it does not affect the descent of the sampling rod 511 for sampling. Turn on the driving motor 41. On the one hand, the driving motor 41 drives the piston cylinder 521 to rotate through the transmission belt 43, and the piston cylinder 521 drives the sampling rod 511 and the drill bit 512 connected thereto to start rotating at a low speed. On the other hand, the driving motor 41 drives the threaded rod 42 to rotate. Under the action of the thread, the moving plate 7 slowly moves downward along the slide rail 21 through the slider 211, so that the sampling rod 511 gradually approaches the soil surface. At this time, the solenoid valve 1 5241 is opened, the solenoid valve 2 5251 is closed, and the air volume chamber 522 is in a normal air pressure state. 7 continues to move downward, the sampling rod 511 rotates downward and inserts into the soil, the sampling rod 511 pulls the piston plate 5211 through the piston rod 5212 to move downward synchronously in the piston cylinder 521, the piston cylinder 521 extracts the gas in the air volume chamber 522 through the air pipe 1 524, the air volume chamber 522 is gradually evacuated into a vacuum state, the sampling rod 511 continues to penetrate into the soil, reaches the predetermined sampling depth of each layer, closes the solenoid valve 1 5241 and opens the solenoid valve 2 5251, the air volume chamber 522 is connected to the temporary storage chamber 5113 through the air passage formed by the air pipe 2 525, the screw-on disk 523, the gas through groove 1 52121, the gas through groove 2 5111 and the air port 51131, because the pressure in the air volume chamber 522 is much lower than the external atmospheric pressure at this time, the negative pressure sucks the surrounding soil into the corresponding temporary storage chamber 5113 through the suction nozzle 5112, and realizes the stratified collection of soil samples at different depths; After the collection is completed, the solenoid valve 1 5241 is closed again and the solenoid valve 2 5251 is opened, so that the sampling rod 511 rises back to the initial position. At the same time, the rotating motor 624 drives the driving gear 625 to rotate, and the driving gear 625 drives the incomplete gear 623 to rotate. The incomplete gear 623 drives the sample receiving plate 622 on the central column 621 to rotate to the bottom of the suction nozzle 5112. During the rising process of the sampling rod 511, the piston plate 5211 is driven by the piston rod 5212 to move upward in the piston cylinder 521, and the gas in the piston cylinder 521 is transported back to the gas volume chamber 522 through the air pipe 1 524. At this time, the gas volume chamber 522 The gas chamber 522 receives part of the gas that enters when collecting the soil and the gas that is initially in the gas storage chamber 522. The gas is filled in the gas storage chamber 522, and the gas pressure in the temporary storage chamber 5113 is higher than the external environment pressure. The gas will follow the principle of diffusion from the high-pressure area to the low-pressure area, thereby spraying the soil on the bottom side of the temporary storage chamber 5113 from the gas nozzle into the sample receiving tray 622. After receiving the soil, the rotating motor 624 is started again to rotate the sample receiving tray 622 back to a position away from the sampling rod 511. The cover plate 612 is closed on the top of the sample receiving tray 622 to shield and protect the soil in the sample receiving tray 622, thereby completing the storage of soil samples for subsequent testing.

[0022] The present invention and its embodiments are described above, and such description is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if ordinary technicians in the field are inspired by it, without departing from the purpose of the invention, they can design a structure and embodiment similar to the technical solution without creativity, which should belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil detection sampling device for grain planting, comprising a base (1), the base (1) being provided with a through opening (11), a support column (2) being fixedly arranged on one side of the base (1), and two groups of the support columns (2) being arranged opposite to each other, a top plate (3) being fixedly arranged on the support columns (2), characterized in that: The top plate (3) is provided with a driving mechanism (4) and a layered sampling mechanism (5), the base (1) is provided with a soil sample storage mechanism (6), and the base (1) is provided with a ground-inserting fixing mechanism (8); the layered sampling mechanism (5) comprises a sampling drill rod assembly (51) and a differential pressure sampling assembly (52), the differential pressure sampling assembly (52) being mounted on the top plate (3), the sampling drill rod assembly (51) being located below the top plate (3) and connected to the differential pressure sampling assembly (52); the soil sample storage mechanism (6) comprises a cover assembly (61) and a soil sample receiving assembly (62), the cover assembly (61) being mounted on the base (1), and the soil sample receiving assembly (62) being mounted on the base (1).

2. A soil detection and sampling device for grain planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting column (2) is provided with a slide rail (21) on both sides of the supporting column (2), a slider (211) is slidably provided on the slide rail (21), a movable plate (7) is fixedly connected between two groups of the sliders (211), the differential pressure sampling assembly (52) comprises a piston cylinder (521), an air volume chamber (522) and a screw-on disk (523), the piston cylinder (521) is rotatably arranged to penetrate the top plate (3), a piston plate (5211) is slidably provided in the piston cylinder (521), a piston rod (5212) is connected below the piston plate (5211), the bottom end of the piston rod (5212) is movably arranged to penetrate the bottom wall of the piston cylinder (521), the bottom end of the piston rod (5212) is rotatably arranged to penetrate the movable plate (7), the air volume chamber (522) is fixedly mounted on the top plate (3), the top of the air volume chamber (522) is connected to the piston cylinder (521) The top of the air chamber (522) is connected to an air pipe (524), and an electromagnetic valve (5241) is installed on the air pipe (524). The rotating disk (523) is rotatably sleeved on the piston rod (5212), and the rotating disk (523) is fixedly installed under the movable plate (7). The side wall of the rotating disk (523) and the bottom of the air chamber (522) are connected to an air pipe (525), and an electromagnetic valve (5251) is installed on the air pipe (525). ), a gas through groove one (52121) is longitudinally arranged at the bottom end of the piston rod (5212), and a plurality of groups of air holes (52122) are arranged in a ring array at the screw connection between the piston rod (5212) and the screw-on disk (523), the inner ends of the air holes (52122) are communicated with the gas through groove one (52121), and the outer ends of the air holes (52122) penetrate the side wall of the piston rod (5212) and are communicated with the internal cavity of the screw-on disk (523).

3. A soil detection and sampling device for grain planting according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sampling drill rod assembly (51) comprises a sampling rod (511) and a drill bit (512); the sampling rod (511) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of a piston rod (5212); the sampling rod (511) is hollow inside; a second gas passage (5111) is longitudinally arranged inside the sampling rod (511); the second gas passage (5111) is connected to the first gas passage (52121); a plurality of groups of suction nozzles (5112) are longitudinally arranged on the side wall of the sampling rod (511); A plurality of groups of temporary storage cavities (5113) are arranged longitudinally in the sampling rod (511), the temporary storage cavities (5113) and the suction nozzles (5112) are arranged one by one, the temporary storage cavities (5113) and the suction nozzles (5112) are arranged in communication, a gas port (51131) is arranged at the top of the side wall of the temporary storage cavity (5113), the temporary storage cavity (5113) is arranged in communication with the second gas passage groove (5111) through the gas port (51131), and the drill bit (512) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sampling rod (511).

4. A soil detection and sampling device for grain planting according to claim 3, characterized in that: The soil sample receiving assembly (62) comprises a central column (621), a sample receiving tray (622), an incomplete gear (623), a rotating motor (624) and a driving gear (625); the central column (621) is rotatably mounted on the base (1); a snap ring (6221) is mounted on the side wall of the sample receiving tray (622); the sample receiving tray (622) is mounted on the central column (621) via the snap ring (6221); the sample receiving tray (622) is arranged in a plurality of groups in a longitudinal direction and is arranged one-to-one with the suction nozzles (5112); the incomplete gear (623) is fixedly sleeved on the bottom end of the central column (621); the rotating motor (624) is mounted on the base (1); the driving gear (625) is arranged on the rotating motor (624); and the driving gear (625) is arranged in meshing engagement with the incomplete gear (623).

5. The soil detection and sampling device for grain planting according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The sealing assembly (61) comprises a fixing column (611) and a cover plate (612), wherein the fixing column (611) is fixedly arranged on the base (1), and the cover plate (612) is fixedly connected to the fixing column (611), and the cover plates (612) are arranged in a longitudinal direction in a plurality of groups and are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the sample receiving trays (622).

6. The soil sampling device for grain planting according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (4) comprises a driving motor (41), a threaded rod (42) and a transmission belt (43); the driving motor (41) is mounted on the top plate (3); one end of the threaded rod (42) rotates through the top plate (3) and is connected to the output end of the driving motor (41); the other end of the threaded rod (42) is rotatably arranged on the base (1); the threaded rod (42) and the movable plate (7) are threadably adapted to be threaded and arranged; one end of the transmission belt (43) is sleeved on the output end of the driving motor (41); and the other end of the transmission belt (43) is sleeved on the piston cylinder (521).

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