Composite material vertical impact event damage impedance testing device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of new material testing equipment, and relates to a composite material vertical impact event damage impedance testing device which at least comprises a base assembly, a vertical impact event damage impedance testing device, a vertical impact event damage impedance testing device and a vertical impact event damage impedance testing device, the clamping plate assembly is installed above the bottom plate and is provided with a fixed plate assembly and a movable plate assembly, a composite material sample is located between the fixed plate assembly and the movable plate assembly, and the impact head assembly is installed above the clamping plate assembly and is used for carrying out an impact damage test. According to the technical scheme, the problems of vertical edge impact and arc edge impact of the composite material are effectively solved, and meanwhile, the test requirements of hemispherical impactors of multiple specifications on straight-edge samples and arc samples of multiple sizes are met; installation is convenient, operation is convenient, and the application range is wide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of new material testing equipment, and in particular to a multi-size universal composite material vertical impact event damage impedance testing device. Background Art

[0002] Fiber-reinforced resin-based composites are widely used in aerospace, high-speed trains, and the automotive industry due to their high specific strength / specific modulus, corrosion resistance, and fatigue resistance. Composite materials will inevitably be subjected to low-energy impacts during service and maintenance, such as hail impacts, runway gravel, and tool drops. Unlike high-energy impacts that cause obvious visible damage, low-energy impacts often cause damage to the brittle matrix material, which is often manifested as internal delamination damage. These damages are not easy to detect in daily inspections, but will significantly reduce the bearing capacity of the structure. Therefore, conducting research on the low-energy impact damage characteristics of composite laminates is crucial to ensure their service safety.

[0003] The commonly used test method for testing impact damage of composite materials is ASTM D7136. A rectangular composite plate is subjected to an out-of-plane concentrated impact using a drop hammer device with a hemispherical impactor. The standard specimen is as follows: Fig. 22 As shown, the size is 150×100, and the impact window form recommended by ASTM D7136 standard is as follows Fig.23 As shown in the figure, the impact support fixture is fixed on the drop weight impact tester for testing. The impact point of this method is at the center of the specimen. However, in actual use, impact damage may also be caused on the free edge of the composite laminate. Therefore, a new test device needs to be designed for testing composite materials of different sizes and impact damage on the free edge of composite materials. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome at least one defect of the prior art and provide a multi-size universal composite material vertical impact event damage impedance testing device to solve the multi-size composite material free edge impact test.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: Composite material vertical impact event damage impedance test device, at least: The base assembly is a supporting part of the test device, and has a bottom plate, a center hole is provided at the center of the bottom plate, and the base assembly is connected to the lifting mechanism of the test machine through the center hole; A clamping plate assembly is installed above the bottom plate, and comprises a fixed plate assembly and a movable plate assembly, wherein the fixed plate assembly and the movable plate assembly are arranged in parallel and are both perpendicular to the bottom plate, and the composite material sample is located between the fixed plate assembly and the movable plate assembly and is clamped; An impact head assembly is installed above the clamping plate assembly, one end of which is fixed to the fixing plate assembly. An impact head is arranged on the impact head assembly, and the impact head corresponds to the position of the composite material sample to perform an impact damage test.

[0006] As a preferred solution, the base assembly also has a group of side panels vertically arranged above the bottom plate and parallel to each other, the side panels are perpendicular to the clamping plate assembly and are located at both ends of the clamping plate assembly, and the side panels and the bottom plate are positioned by positioning pins to achieve positioning of the composite material specimen in the width direction to adapt to the testing requirements of composite materials of different widths, thereby, a test space for placing the composite material specimen can be formed between a pair of the side panels and the clamping plate assembly.

[0007] As a preferred solution, a ruler is provided above the side plate, and a center zero position mark is provided on the ruler to ensure the overlap of the installation position of each composite material sample, thereby ensuring that the impact position is at the alignment position of the composite material sample.

[0008] As a preferred solution, a clamping plate assembly connecting plate is further provided above the bottom plate of the base assembly, and the clamping plate assembly connecting plate is located between a pair of side plates and is used to connect the clamping plate assembly; the clamping plate assembly connecting plate has at least a fixed external plate abutting against the fixed plate assembly and a movable external plate abutting against the movable plate assembly, and a first slide groove is provided on the movable external plate, and a first slide key is provided on the first slide groove, and the bottom end of the first slide key is fixed to the bottom plate, and the movable external plate can be moved along the direction of the first slide groove with the first slide key as a reference to adjust the position of the movable external plate, and then the position of the movable plate assembly is adjusted to meet the testing requirements of composite material specimens of different thicknesses.

[0009] As a preferred solution, the fixed plate assembly has at least a fixed plate, a first contact plate and a handwheel assembly, the bottom of the fixed plate abuts against the base assembly, especially against the fixed external plate of the base assembly, the first contact plate is arranged on the inner side of the fixed plate, and the handwheel assembly has a handle, a connecting rod and a connecting block, the connecting block is fixed to the first contact plate, and the connecting rod passes through the fixed plate to connect the handle and the connecting block located on both sides.

[0010] As a preferred solution, the fixing plate has a recessed portion for matching the shape of the composite material sample.

[0011] As a preferred solution, when the composite material sample has an arc edge, the fixing plate further has an arc groove above the recess, the arc groove is connected to the recess, and the edge of the arc groove matches the arc edge of the composite material.

[0012] As a preferred solution, according to the different sizes of the composite material sample, the first contact plate is set to a split structure or a connected structure; when the split structure is adopted, there is a gap between the two first contact plates, and the width of the gap is greater than the width gap of the recessed portion of the fixed plate; when the connected structure is adopted, the portion of the first contact plate corresponding to the recessed portion of the fixed plate is also provided with a notch.

[0013] As a preferred solution, the movable plate assembly has at least a movable plate, a second contact plate and a second sliding key. The bottom of the movable plate abuts against the movable external plate, and the position is adjusted by the first sliding groove and the first sliding key. A second sliding groove is provided on the movable plate, and the second sliding key passes through the second sliding groove and is connected to the second contact plate on the inner side of the movable plate to adjust the position of the second contact plate.

[0014] As a preferred solution, the impact head assembly has at least a pad, the impact head is mounted on the pad and can pass through to contact the top of the composite material sample, the pad is provided with a leg toward the clamping plate assembly, and the leg is connected to the fixing plate.

[0015] As a preferred solution, when the composite material specimen has a straight edge, the legs of the pad are arranged on one side of the fixed plate and connected to the fixed plate; when the composite material specimen has an arc edge, the legs of the pad are arranged on the outside of the fixed plate and the movable plate, the legs on one side are connected to the fixed plate, and the legs on the other side matching the movable plate are provided with an adjustment piece to ensure that the impact head is in the aligned position with the composite material specimen.

[0016] The above composite material vertical impact event damage impedance test device has the following beneficial effects: (1) This technical solution effectively realizes the testing of composite material samples of different sizes through adjustable movable plates and side plates; (2) One side of the pad structure of the impact head assembly of the technical solution is fixed to the fixed plate to ensure the stability of the impact head structure, and the positioning pin or the adjustment member on one side of the movable plate effectively ensures that the impact head is located in the correct position of the composite material sample; (3) This technical solution effectively solves the problems of vertical edge impact and arc edge impact of composite materials through the design of the fixing plate and the contact plate, and at the same time meets the test requirements of multi-specification hemispherical impactors for multi-size straight-edge specimens and arc specimens; (4) This technical solution is easy to install, convenient to operate, and has a wide range of practical applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1-4 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a straight-edge composite material sample testing device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5-8 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a test device for arc-edge composite material samples according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9-11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the base assembly of the testing device of the present invention; Figure 12-14 It is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing plate assembly of a straight-edge composite material sample testing device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.15 It is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing plate assembly of a test device for arc-edge composite material specimens according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 16-18 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the movable plate assembly of the testing device of the present invention; Figure 19-21 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the impact head assembly of the testing device of the present invention; Fig. 22 It is a schematic diagram of a standard sample in the background technology; Fig.23 It is a schematic diagram of the impact window form recommended by the ASTM D7136 standard in the background art; In the figure: 1-test device; 10-base assembly; 100-bottom plate; 101-center hole; 102-side plate; 103-scale; 104-fixed external plate; 105-movable external plate; 106-first slide groove; 107-first slide key; 11-clamping plate assembly; 110-fixed plate assembly; 1100-fixed plate; 11000-recess; 11001-arc groove; 1101-first contact plate; 11010- Notch; 1102-handwheel assembly; 11020-handle; 11021-connecting rod; 11022-connecting block; 111-movable plate assembly; 1110-movable plate; 11100-second slide groove; 1111-second contact plate; 1112-second sliding key; 12-impact head assembly; 120-pad; 1200-contact part; 121-impact head; 122-leg; 123-adjusting member; 13-locating pin; 2- Composite material specimens. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only parts related to the present invention, rather than all structures, are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0019] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0020] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0021] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "up", "down", "right", and other orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0022] The following is combined with Figure 1-Figure 21 , the composite material vertical impact event damage impedance testing device of the present invention is specifically described.

[0023] The composite material vertical impact event damage impedance testing device 1 of the present invention is as follows: Figure 1-Figure 8 As shown, it has at least: The base assembly 10 is a supporting part of the test device 1 and has a bottom plate 100. A center hole 101 is provided at the center of the bottom plate 100. The base assembly 10 is connected to the lifting mechanism of the test machine through the center hole 101. The clamping plate assembly 11 is installed above the bottom plate 100, and comprises a fixed plate assembly 110 and a movable plate assembly 111. The fixed plate assembly 110 and the movable plate assembly 111 are arranged in parallel and are both perpendicular to the bottom plate 100. The composite material sample 2 is located between the fixed plate assembly 110 and the movable plate assembly 111 and is clamped. The impact head assembly 12 is installed above the clamping plate assembly 11, and one end is fixed to the fixed plate assembly 110. The impact head assembly 12 is provided with an impact head 121, and the impact head 121 corresponds to the position of the composite material sample 2 to perform an impact damage test.

[0024] It should be noted that the testing device of the present scheme can be applicable to composite material specimens 2 of various sizes. Similarly, the free edge of the composite material specimen 2 can be a straight edge or an arc edge. Some applicable sizes of the composite material specimen 2 are shown in Table 1 below. Of course, in actual use, the following sizes are included but not limited to. The size list here is only for example and does not limit the size.

[0025] Table 1:

[0026] Based on the above structure, a more detailed description is as follows.

[0027] According to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 9-11 As shown, the base assembly 10 is a split structure to facilitate the replacement of composite material specimens 2 of different sizes. More specifically, the base assembly 10 has a bottom plate 100. The bottom plate 100 is a rectangular structure in this embodiment. Other structures can also be used in other embodiments. It is only necessary to ensure that the upper surface of the bottom plate 100 is flat. There is a center hole 101 on the bottom plate 100. The center hole 101 is used to connect with the lifting mechanism of the drop weight test machine for testing. In this embodiment, the drop weight test machine is an existing structure and will not be described in detail.

[0028] A pair of side panels 102 are installed on the upper surface of the bottom plate 100. The side panels 102 are parallel to each other and vertically perpendicular to the bottom plate 100. In this solution, the side panels 102 and the bottom plate 100 are installed in a plug-in manner. In other embodiments, other installation methods can be used to achieve the positioning and installation of the side panels 102 and the bottom plate 100. Positioning pins 13 are set on both sides of the side panels 102 on the base. The positioning pins 13 can position the composite material sample 2 in the width direction to meet the testing requirements of composite materials of different widths. In addition, a ruler 103 is set on the upper surface of the side panel 102, and there is a center zero mark on the ruler 103 to ensure the overlap of the installation position of each composite material sample 2, thereby ensuring that the impact position is in the center of the composite material sample 2. Based on the structure of the side panel 102 installed on the bottom plate 100, the composite material sample 2 is limited between the two side panels 102 in the width direction.

[0029] A pair of external plates are also installed on the upper surface of the base plate 100. The external plates are connecting plates of the clamping plate assembly 11 and are used to connect the clamping plate assembly 11. The pair of external plates are perpendicular to the side plates 102 in the horizontal direction, and include a fixed external plate 104 connected to the fixed plate assembly 110 and a movable external plate 105 connected to the movable plate assembly 111. The fixed external plate 104 is fixedly connected to the base plate 100, and the movable external plate 105 is movably installed with the base plate 100. More specifically, the fixed external plate 104 and the movable external plate 105 are both plate-like structures, which are arranged close to the upper surface of the base plate 100. The fixed external plate 104 can usually be fixed to the base plate 100 by screws. The movable external plate 105 is provided with a first horizontal slide groove 106, and the opening direction of the first slide groove 106 is opposite to the direction of the fixed external plate 104. Accordingly, a first slide key 107 is disposed on the base plate 100, and the position of the first slide key 107 corresponds to the first slide groove 106, and the width of the first slide groove 106 is adapted to the width of the first slide key 107, so that the movable external plate 105 can be moved along the direction of the first slide groove 106 with the first slide key 107 as a reference to meet the test requirements of composite material specimens 2 of different thicknesses. A positioning pin 13 is provided on the side surface of one side of the movable external plate 105 on the base plate 100 as above to locate the position of the movable external plate 105.

[0030] Based on the structure of the base assembly 10 , the bottom of the testing device 1 is surrounded by a pair of side plates 102 and a pair of external plates to form a positioning structure in the bottom horizontal direction, and the bottom of the composite material sample 2 is located in the positioning structure.

[0031] Combination Figure 12-14 As shown, the fixing plate assembly 110 at least comprises a fixing plate 1100, a first contact plate 1101 and a handwheel assembly 1102. The fixing plate 1100 is arranged above the bottom plate 100 and is vertically perpendicular to the bottom plate 100 in the longitudinal direction and vertically perpendicular to the side plate 102. The outer bottom of the fixing plate 1100 abuts against the inner side of the fixing external plate 104, and the height of the fixing plate 1100 is usually higher than that of the fixing external plate 104. The first contact plate 1101 is arranged on the inner side of the fixing plate 1100 and abuts against the composite material sample 2. The handwheel assembly 1102 has a handle 1100. 20. A connecting rod 11021 and a connecting block 11022. The connecting block 11022 is located between the fixed plate 1100 and the first contact plate 1101 and is fixed to the first contact plate 1101. One end of the connecting rod 11021 is located outside the fixed plate 1100 and is fixed to the handle 11020, and the other end passes through the fixed plate 1100 and is fixed to the connecting block 11022. The position of the first contact plate 1101 can be adjusted by adjusting the external handle 11020, thereby adjusting the position of the composite material sample 2 in the thickness direction to ensure that the composite material sample 2 can be located in the test alignment position.

[0032] Combination Fig.15 As shown, the fixing plate 1100 usually has a recess 11000 with an opening facing upward, which is used to match the shape of the composite material sample 2; when the composite material sample 2 has a straight edge, the recess 11000 of the fixing plate 1100 is a U-shaped groove structure; when the composite material sample 2 has an arc edge, the recess 11000 of the fixing plate 1100 further has an arc groove 11001 above the U-shaped groove, and the arc groove 11001 is connected to the U-shaped groove, and the edge of the arc groove 11001 matches the arc edge of the composite material sample 2.

[0033] In addition, according to the size of the composite material sample 2, the first contact plate 1101 is configured as a split structure or a connected structure; when the split structure is adopted, Fig.12 As shown, there is a gap between the two first contact plates 1101, and the width of the gap is greater than the width of the recess 11000 of the fixing plate 1100; when a one-piece structure is adopted, as shown in FIG. Fig.15 As shown, a portion of the first contact plate 1101 corresponding to the recess 11000 of the fixing plate 1100 is also provided with a recess 11010 , and the shape and size of the recess 11010 are the same as those of the recess 11000 .

[0034] It should also be noted that the number of handwheel assemblies 1102 can be two or more according to the size of the composite material sample 2 , and the specific number of handwheel assemblies 1102 is not limited.

[0035] Combination Figure 16-18 As shown, the movable plate assembly 111 at least has a movable plate 1110, a second contact plate 1111 and a second slide key 1112. The movable plate 1110 is arranged above the base plate 100 and is perpendicular to the base plate 100 in the longitudinal direction. The outer side of the bottom of the movable plate 1110 abuts against the inner side of the movable external plate 105, and the position is adjusted by the first slide groove 106 and the first slide key 107, and is positioned by the positioning pin 13. The movable plate 1110 is provided with a second slide groove 11100 extending in the horizontal direction. One end of the second slide key 1112 is located on the outer side of the movable plate 1110, and the other end passes through the second slide groove 11100 and is connected to the second contact plate 1111 on the inner side of the movable plate 1110 to adjust the position of the second contact plate 1111.

[0036] It should be noted that, generally, two second contact plates 1111 are provided, and there is a gap between the two second contact plates 1111 .

[0037] Combination Figure 19-21As shown, the impact head assembly 12 has at least a pad 120, and the impact head 121 is installed on the pad 120, one end of which is located above the pad 120, and the other end passes through the pad 120 to contact the top of the composite material sample 2. The impact head 121 adopts an existing hemispherical impactor, and the pad 120 is provided with a support leg 122 in the direction of the clamping plate assembly 11, and the support leg 122 is connected to the fixed plate 1100.

[0038] To be more specific, when the composite material sample 2 has a straight edge, the pad 120 has a horizontally arranged plate body and a contact portion 1200 located on the plate body and arranged toward the bottom plate 100, the contact portion 1200 protrudes from the plate body structure and is arranged at a position corresponding to the fixed plate assembly 110 and the movable plate assembly 111, when the pad 120 is placed above the composite material sample 2, the contact portion 1200 contacts the upper surfaces of the fixed plate 1100 and the movable plate 1110, the support leg 122 of the pad 120 is arranged on one side of the fixed plate 1100 and is located on the outside of the contact portion 1200, and is connected to the fixed plate 1100; a positioning pin 13 is also provided on the support leg 122 to ensure that the impact head 121 is aligned with the composite material sample 2.

[0039] To be more specific, when the composite material sample 2 has an arc edge, the pad 120 has a horizontally arranged plate body, and the legs 122 of the pad 120 are arranged on the outside of the fixed plate 1100 and the movable plate 1110. The legs 122 on one side are connected to the fixed plate 1100, and the legs 122 on the other side that match the movable plate 1110 are provided with an adjustment piece 123 to ensure that the impact head 121 is aligned with the composite material sample 2.

[0040] Based on the structure of the above-mentioned testing device 1, its specific use process is described as follows: First, the base assembly 10 is connected to the lifting mechanism of the testing machine through the central hole 101 of the bottom plate 100 and locked, and the position of the side plate 102 in the width direction is adjusted according to the size of the composite material sample 2; Then, according to the size of the composite material sample 2, select the corresponding fixed plate assembly 110 and movable plate assembly 111 (straight edge or arc edge), adjust the position of the movable plate assembly 111 according to the scale 103 above the side plate 102 and the thickness of the composite material sample 2, and tighten the fixing bolts, insert the composite material sample 2, and tighten the first contact plate 1101 through the handwheel assembly 1102 on the fixed plate assembly 110, thereby tightening the composite material sample 2; Thirdly, according to the test requirements, the impact head assembly 12 is installed on the upper end surfaces of the fixed plate assembly 110 and the movable plate assembly 111, and the impact head 121 contacts the free edge of the composite material sample 2; Finally, adjust the punch height of the testing machine and start the impact test.

[0041] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made without departing from the protection scope of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Composite material vertical impact event damage impedance test device, characterized in that: At least: The base assembly is a supporting part of the test device, and has a bottom plate, a center hole is provided at the center of the bottom plate, and the base assembly is connected to the lifting mechanism of the test machine through the center hole; A clamping plate assembly is installed above the bottom plate, and comprises a fixed plate assembly and a movable plate assembly, wherein the fixed plate assembly is arranged in parallel with the movable plate assembly and both are perpendicular to the bottom plate, and the composite material sample is located between the fixed plate assembly and the movable plate assembly and is clamped; the fixed plate assembly comprises at least a fixed plate, a first contact plate and a handwheel assembly, wherein the bottom of the fixed plate abuts against the base assembly, the first contact plate is arranged on the inner side of the fixed plate, the handwheel assembly comprises a handle, a connecting rod and a connecting block, the connecting block is fixed to the first contact plate, and the connecting rod passes through the fixed plate and connects the handle and the connecting block located on both sides of the fixed plate; An impact head assembly is installed above the clamping plate assembly, one end of which is fixed to the fixing plate assembly. An impact head is arranged on the impact head assembly, and the impact head corresponds to the position of the composite material sample to perform an impact damage test.

2. The composite material vertical impact event damage impedance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base assembly has a set of side plates vertically arranged above the bottom plate and parallel to each other, the side plates are perpendicular to the clamping plate assembly and are located at both ends of the clamping plate assembly, and the side plates are positioned with the bottom plate by positioning pins to achieve positioning of the composite material sample in the width direction to meet the testing requirements of composite materials of different widths, thereby forming a testing space for placing the composite material sample between a pair of the side plates and the clamping plate assembly; A ruler is arranged above the side plate, and a center zero position mark is arranged on the ruler to ensure the overlap of the installation position of each composite material sample, thereby ensuring that the impact position is in the center of the composite material sample.

3. The composite material vertical impact event damage impedance testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A clamping plate assembly connecting plate is also provided above the bottom plate of the base assembly, and the clamping plate assembly connecting plate is located between a pair of side plates and is used to connect the clamping plate assembly; the clamping plate assembly connecting plate has at least a fixed external plate abutting against the fixed plate assembly and a movable external plate abutting against the movable plate assembly, the movable external plate is provided with a first slide groove, the first slide groove is provided with a first slide key, the bottom end of the first slide key is fixed to the bottom plate, the movable external plate can use the first slide key as a reference and move along the direction of the first slide groove to adjust the position of the movable external plate, and then adjust the position of the movable plate assembly to meet the testing requirements of composite material specimens with different thicknesses.

4. The composite material vertical impact event damage impedance testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the fixing plate of the fixing plate assembly abuts against the fixing external plate of the base assembly.

5. The composite material vertical impact event damage impedance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing plate is provided with a recessed portion for matching the shape of the composite material sample.

6. The composite material vertical impact event damage impedance testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the composite material sample has an arc edge, the fixing plate further has an arc groove above the recess, the arc groove is connected to the recess, and the edge of the arc groove matches the arc edge of the composite material.

7. The composite material vertical impact event damage impedance testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: According to the size of the composite material sample, the first contact plate is set to a split structure or a connected structure; when the split structure is adopted, there is a gap between the two first contact plates, and the width of the gap is greater than the width gap of the recessed portion of the fixed plate; when the connected structure is adopted, a notch is also provided on the portion of the first contact plate corresponding to the recessed portion of the fixed plate.

8. The composite material vertical impact event damage impedance testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The movable plate assembly comprises at least a movable plate, a second contact plate and a second sliding key. The bottom of the movable plate abuts against the movable external plate, and the position is adjusted by the first sliding groove and the first sliding key. A second sliding groove is provided on the movable plate, and the second sliding key passes through the second sliding groove and is connected to the second contact plate on the inner side of the movable plate to adjust the position of the second contact plate.

9. The composite material vertical impact event damage impedance testing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The impact head assembly at least has a pad, the impact head is mounted on the pad and can pass through to contact the top of the composite material sample, the pad is provided with legs facing the clamping plate assembly, and the legs are connected to the fixing plate.

10. The composite material vertical impact event damage impedance testing device according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the composite material sample has a straight edge, the legs of the pad are arranged on one side of the fixed plate and connected to the fixed plate; when the composite material sample has an arc edge, the legs of the pad are arranged on the outside of the fixed plate and the movable plate, the legs on one side are connected to the fixed plate, and the legs on the other side matching the movable plate are provided with an adjustment piece to ensure that the impact head is in the aligned position with the composite material sample.

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