Method and device for evaluating attenuation performance of photovoltaic module

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic modules, and particularly relates to a photovoltaic module attenuation performance evaluation method and device, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the attenuation test of a to-be-evaluated photovoltaic module, and obtaining an outdoor attenuation environment factor of the photovoltaic module; collecting power actual measurement data of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated; based on the outdoor attenuation environment factors and the power actual measurement data, related parameters in a pre-established photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model are solved; and carrying out attenuation performance evaluation on the to-be-evaluated photovoltaic module by using the related parameters and the photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, through a mode of combining the laboratory attenuation coefficient with the field short-term operation monitoring data, accurate evaluation of the full-life-cycle attenuation characteristic of the photovoltaic module is realized, and the accuracy and reliability of evaluation of the full-life-cycle attenuation characteristic of the photovoltaic module are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic modules, and in particular relates to a method and a device for evaluating the attenuation performance of a photovoltaic module. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic modules are an important part of photovoltaic power generation systems. Their function is to convert solar energy into DC power for output. When photovoltaic modules are operating outdoors, the power of the modules will decay due to the combined effect of various factors. Without considering the power decay caused by random failure factors, the main sources of module decay from the time the module is put into operation to the time when its output power is lower than the power generation demand of the photovoltaic power station are two parts. The first part is light-induced decay, and the second part is natural aging decay. Light-induced decay occurs in the early stage of module installation. The impact of light-induced decay basically ends within one or two years, and natural aging decay will accompany the module until it fails.

[0003] At present, due to the complexity and mutual coupling of factors affecting the attenuation of photovoltaic modules, it is difficult to determine the factors affecting the attenuation of photovoltaic modules by relying solely on outdoor operation monitoring data, and it is impossible to establish a more accurate attenuation model for photovoltaic modules and evaluate the future attenuation of modules. If only the results of laboratory accelerated aging tests are used, it is impossible to confirm the attenuation of photovoltaic modules under the combined effects of local climate under actual operating conditions. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the problems existing in the related art at least to a certain extent, the present application provides a method and device for evaluating the attenuation performance of a photovoltaic module.

[0005] In a first aspect, a method for evaluating attenuation performance of a photovoltaic module is provided, comprising:

[0006] Conduct attenuation tests on the photovoltaic modules to be evaluated to obtain the outdoor attenuation environmental factors of the photovoltaic modules;

[0007] Collect the measured power data of the photovoltaic modules to be evaluated;

[0008] Based on the outdoor attenuation environmental factor and the measured power data, solving relevant parameters in a pre-established photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model;

[0009] The attenuation performance of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated is evaluated by using the relevant parameters and the photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model.

[0010] Preferably, before performing the attenuation test on the photovoltaic module to be evaluated, the method further comprises:

[0011] A set number of PV modules of the same model that have passed the EL test are screened out as PV modules to be evaluated.

[0012] Preferably, the pre-established photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model includes:

[0013]

[0014] In the above formula, t∈[1,N], N is the total number of years that the PV module to be evaluated has been operating outdoors; j∈[1,M], M is the total number of times the PV module to be evaluated is monitored each year; P t j is the power of the PV module to be evaluated obtained from the jth monitoring in the tth year, P 0 is the initial value of the power attenuation of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated, γ LID is the light-induced attenuation, B is the power sensitivity, k i is the attenuation environment factor, μ is the attenuation shape parameter;

[0015] The calculation formula of light-induced attenuation includes:

[0016]

[0017] In the above formula, P 1 M The power of the PV module to be evaluated obtained from the Mth monitoring in the first year.

[0018] Preferably, the attenuation test is performed on the photovoltaic module to be evaluated to obtain the outdoor attenuation environmental factor of the photovoltaic module, including:

[0019] Selecting a photovoltaic module to be evaluated to perform a damp heat test, and obtaining parameters of the photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by temperature and humidity based on the damp heat test;

[0020] Selecting a photovoltaic module to be evaluated for ultraviolet test, and obtaining parameters of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by ultraviolet light and temperature and humidity based on the ultraviolet test;

[0021] Selecting a photovoltaic module to be evaluated to perform a thermal cycle test, and obtaining parameters of power attenuation of the photovoltaic module caused by the thermal cycle based on the thermal cycle test;

[0022] The outdoor attenuation environmental factor is calculated using the parameters of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by temperature and humidity, the parameters of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by ultraviolet and temperature and humidity, and the parameters of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by thermal cycle.

[0023] Preferably, the step of selecting a photovoltaic module to be evaluated for a damp heat test, and obtaining parameters of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by temperature and humidity based on the damp heat test, includes:

[0024] Based on the preset environmental parameters of the damp heat test, the PV module to be evaluated is subjected to a damp heat test, and the power of the PV module to be evaluated after the damp heat test is obtained;

[0025] Based on the preset damp heat test environment parameters, the first formula and the power of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated after the damp heat test are fitted by the least square method to obtain the first exponential pre-constant and the parameter n of the influence of relative humidity on power attenuation;

[0026] Based on the first formula, the parameters of the photovoltaic component power attenuation caused by temperature and humidity are calculated using the preset damp heat test environment parameters, the power of the photovoltaic component to be evaluated after the damp heat test, the first exponential pre-constant and the parameter n of the influence of relative humidity on power attenuation.

[0027] Preferably, the step of selecting a photovoltaic module to be evaluated for ultraviolet test, and obtaining parameters of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by ultraviolet light and temperature and humidity based on the ultraviolet test, includes:

[0028] Based on the preset environmental parameters of the ultraviolet test, the photovoltaic module to be evaluated is subjected to an ultraviolet test, and the power of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated after the ultraviolet test is obtained;

[0029] Based on the preset ultraviolet test environment parameters, the second formula and the power of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated after the ultraviolet test are fitted by the least square method to obtain the second pre-exponential constant, the parameter n of the influence of relative humidity on power attenuation, and the parameter X of the influence of ultraviolet on power attenuation;

[0030] Based on the second formula, the parameters of the power attenuation of the photovoltaic components caused by ultraviolet and temperature and humidity are calculated using the preset ultraviolet test environment parameters, the power of the photovoltaic components to be evaluated after the ultraviolet test, the second pre-exponential constant, the parameter n of the influence of relative humidity on power attenuation, and the parameter X of the influence of ultraviolet on power attenuation.

[0031] Preferably, the step of selecting a photovoltaic module to be evaluated for a thermal cycle test, and obtaining parameters of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by thermal cycles based on the thermal cycle test, includes:

[0032] Based on the preset environmental parameters of the thermal cycle test, a thermal cycle test is performed on the photovoltaic module to be evaluated, and the power of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated after the thermal cycle test is obtained;

[0033] Based on the preset thermal cycle test environment parameters, the third formula and the power of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated after the thermal cycle test are fitted by the least square method to obtain the third pre-exponential constant and the parameters of the influence of thermal cycle on power attenuation;

[0034] Based on the third formula, the parameters of the power attenuation of the photovoltaic components caused by the thermal cycle are calculated using the preset thermal cycle test environment parameters, the power of the photovoltaic components to be evaluated after the thermal cycle test, the third exponential pre-constant and the parameters of the influence of the thermal cycle on the power attenuation.

[0035] Preferably, the collecting of measured power data of the photovoltaic assembly to be evaluated includes:

[0036] A photovoltaic module to be evaluated is selected for real-time monitoring to obtain actual power measurement data of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated.

[0037] Preferably, the relevant parameters in the pre-established photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model include: attenuation shape parameters and power sensitivity.

[0038] Preferably, the use of the outdoor attenuation environment factor and the power measured data to solve the relevant parameters in the pre-established photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model includes:

[0039] Using the power measured data, obtaining the attenuation shape parameters;

[0040] The outdoor attenuation environment factor, attenuation shape parameter and corrected power measured data are substituted into the photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model, and the photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model after substituting the outdoor attenuation environment factor, attenuation shape parameter and corrected power measured data is solved by the least squares method to obtain the power sensitivity.

[0041] Preferably, the obtaining the attenuation shape parameter by using the power measured data includes:

[0042] Screening the power measured data to obtain screened power measured data;

[0043] Correcting the screened power measured data to meet standard test conditions STC to obtain corrected power measured data;

[0044] Obtaining the envelope of the corrected power measured data;

[0045] Based on the curve shape of the preset shape parameter, according to the envelope of the corrected power measured data, the preset shape parameter corresponding to the curve shape matching the envelope is selected as the attenuation shape parameter.

[0046] Preferably, the screening conditions for screening the power measured data include:

[0047] The back panel temperature of the photovoltaic module is 30-35℃, and the irradiance under clear sky conditions is 800-1200W / ㎡.

[0048] Preferably, the step of using the relevant parameters and the photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model to perform attenuation performance evaluation on the photovoltaic module to be evaluated includes:

[0049] Substituting the outdoor attenuation environment factor and the related parameters into the photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model;

[0050] Based on the photovoltaic component attenuation characteristic model after substituting the outdoor attenuation environmental factor and the relevant parameters, an attenuation curve of the photovoltaic component to be evaluated is generated.

[0051] Preferably, the calculation formula of the first formula includes:

[0052]

[0053] In the above formula, k H is the parameter of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by temperature and humidity, k B is the Boltzmann constant, T m is the ambient temperature, A H is the first pre-exponential constant, RH eff is the relative humidity of the environment, n is the parameter affecting the power attenuation due to relative humidity, E H is the power of the PV module to be evaluated after the damp heat test, and exp is an exponential function with the natural constant e as the base;

[0054] Among them, the ambient temperature and ambient relative humidity are the preset damp heat test environmental parameters.

[0055] Preferably, the calculation formula of the second formula includes:

[0056]

[0057] In the above formula, k P A is the parameter of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by ultraviolet light, temperature and humidity. P is the second pre-exponential constant, UV de is the cumulative amount of ultraviolet radiation, X is the parameter affecting the power attenuation, RH eff is the relative humidity of the environment, n is the parameter affecting the power attenuation due to relative humidity, E P is the power of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated after the UV test, k B is the Boltzmann constant, T m is the ambient temperature, exp is an exponential function with the natural constant e as the base;

[0058] Among them, the cumulative amount of ultraviolet radiation, ambient temperature and ambient relative humidity are the ultraviolet test environment parameters.

[0059] Preferably, the calculation formula of the third formula includes:

[0060]

[0061] In the above formula, k Tm A is the parameter of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by thermal cycle, Tm is the third exponential pre-constant, θ is the parameter affecting the power attenuation due to thermal cycling, C N is the cycle rate, k B is the Boltzmann constant, E Tm is the power of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated after the thermal cycle test; ΔT = T U -T L , T U is the highest temperature during the test, T L is the lowest temperature during the test;

[0062] Among them, the cycle rate, the highest temperature during the test and the lowest temperature during the test are the thermal cycle test environment parameters.

[0063] Preferably, the calculation formula of the outdoor attenuation environment factor includes:

[0064] k i =(1+k H )(1+k P )(1+k Tm )-1

[0065] In the above formula, k i is the outdoor attenuation environmental factor, k H is the parameter of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by temperature and humidity, k P k is the parameter of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by ultraviolet light, temperature and humidity, Tm It is a parameter of PV module power attenuation caused by thermal cycle.

[0066] In a second aspect, a photovoltaic module attenuation performance evaluation device is provided, comprising:

[0067] An acquisition unit is used to perform an attenuation test on the photovoltaic module to be evaluated and obtain the outdoor attenuation environmental factor of the photovoltaic module;

[0068] A collection unit, used to collect the actual power measurement data of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated;

[0069] A solving unit, used for solving relevant parameters in a pre-established photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model based on the outdoor attenuation environment factor and the power measured data;

[0070] The evaluation unit is used to evaluate the attenuation performance of the photovoltaic component to be evaluated by using the relevant parameters and the photovoltaic component attenuation characteristic model.

[0071] According to a third aspect of an embodiment of the present application, there is provided a computer device, including: one or more processors;

[0072] The processor is used to store one or more programs;

[0073] When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the above-mentioned photovoltaic component attenuation performance evaluation method is implemented.

[0074] According to a fourth aspect of an embodiment of the present application, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, and when the computer program is executed, the above-mentioned photovoltaic module attenuation performance evaluation method is implemented.

[0075] The above one or more technical solutions of the present invention have at least one or more of the following beneficial effects:

[0076] The present invention provides a method and device for evaluating the attenuation performance of photovoltaic modules, including: performing an attenuation test on the photovoltaic modules to be evaluated to obtain the outdoor attenuation environmental factors of the photovoltaic modules; collecting the measured power data of the photovoltaic modules to be evaluated; solving the relevant parameters in the pre-established attenuation characteristic model of the photovoltaic modules based on the outdoor attenuation environmental factors and the measured power data; and evaluating the attenuation performance of the photovoltaic modules to be evaluated using the relevant parameters and the attenuation characteristic model of the photovoltaic modules. The present invention realizes the accurate evaluation of the attenuation characteristics of the photovoltaic modules over the entire life cycle by combining the laboratory attenuation coefficient with the on-site short-term operation monitoring data, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the evaluation of the attenuation characteristics of the photovoltaic modules over the entire life cycle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0077] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0078] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a photovoltaic module attenuation performance evaluation method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0079] Figure 2 is a flow chart of a photovoltaic module attenuation performance evaluation method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0080] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a curve of preset shape parameters provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0081] Figure 4is a schematic diagram of an attenuation curve of a photovoltaic module to be evaluated provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0082] Figure 5 It is a structural block diagram of a photovoltaic module attenuation performance evaluation device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0083] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0084] Embodiment 1

[0085] The present invention provides a method for evaluating the attenuation performance of a photovoltaic module. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0086] Step 101: Perform an attenuation test on the photovoltaic module to be evaluated to obtain the outdoor attenuation environmental factor of the photovoltaic module;

[0087] Step 102: Collecting actual power measurement data of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated;

[0088] Step 103: solving relevant parameters in a pre-established photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model based on outdoor attenuation environmental factors and power measured data;

[0089] Step 104: using relevant parameters and the photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model, perform attenuation performance evaluation on the photovoltaic module to be evaluated.

[0090] Furthermore, before the attenuation test is carried out on the photovoltaic module to be evaluated, the following steps are also included:

[0091] A set number of PV modules of the same model that have passed the EL test are screened out as PV modules to be evaluated.

[0092] For example, four photovoltaic modules of the same model that have passed the EL test are selected as photovoltaic modules to be evaluated, three of which are subjected to attenuation test, and the remaining photovoltaic module is used to collect its actual power measurement data.

[0093] It can be understood that performing EL testing on photovoltaic modules can ensure the integrity and quality of photovoltaic modules that pass the EL test, and further improve the reliability and accuracy of subsequent attenuation performance evaluation of photovoltaic modules.

[0094] Furthermore, the pre-established PV module attenuation characteristic model includes:

[0095]

[0096] In the above formula, t∈[1,N], N is the total number of years that the PV module to be evaluated has been operating outdoors; j∈[1,M], M is the total number of times the PV module to be evaluated is monitored each year; P t j is the power of the PV module to be evaluated obtained from the jth monitoring in the tth year, P 0 is the initial value of the power attenuation of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated, γ LID is the light-induced attenuation, B is the power sensitivity, k i is the attenuation environment factor, μ is the attenuation shape parameter;

[0097] The calculation formula of light-induced attenuation includes:

[0098]

[0099] In the above formula, P 1 M The power of the PV module to be evaluated obtained from the Mth monitoring in the first year. It should be noted that when the PV module to be evaluated for outdoor testing is put into use in the first year, it generally only needs to be tested once at the end of the first year, and multiple monitoring is not required.

[0100] In some embodiments, after the EL test is passed, the AAA-level simulated light source is used to perform initial power calibration on the tested photovoltaic module, and the calibration result is used as the initial value P of the photovoltaic module power attenuation. 0 .

[0101] EL testing of photovoltaic modules is a commonly used testing method to detect the quality and performance of photovoltaic modules. EL testing (Electroluminescence testing) refers to the use of the principle of electroluminescence to apply voltage to photovoltaic modules, observe and record their luminous images, and thus judge the working status and quality of the modules.

[0102] It should be noted that in the above-mentioned PV module attenuation characteristic model, when t=1, it represents the attenuation model of the PV module in the first year of outdoor operation. Considering that the power attenuation of the PV module in the first year of outdoor operation is mainly due to light-induced attenuation, this value is a constant, and light-induced attenuation γ is added to the PV module attenuation characteristic model. LID .

[0103] In view of the different reasons for the attenuation of photovoltaic modules in the first year and the attenuation in the later period during operation, the present invention adopts a segmented model to describe the attenuation performance of the module, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the attenuation performance evaluation of the photovoltaic module; in addition, for the attenuation characteristics of the photovoltaic module, according to the factors affecting the attenuation of the photovoltaic module, an attenuation model of the photovoltaic module under the influence of three different factors is established, and a method for determining the corresponding attenuation parameters through laboratory tests is realized, thereby realizing a method of combining the laboratory test results with the outdoor test results, thereby completing the accurate evaluation of the outdoor attenuation performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0104] In some embodiments, before performing the attenuation test on the photovoltaic module to be evaluated, the method further includes:

[0105] The photovoltaic modules to be evaluated that need to undergo attenuation tests shall be pre-treated according to the methods required by the IEC61215 standard.

[0106] Among them, IEC61215 is an international testing standard used to evaluate the performance and durability of solar panels. The standard includes multiple tests, including appearance inspection, electrical performance test, environmental durability test and reliability test. During the test, solar panels need to be exposed to different environmental conditions, such as high temperature, low temperature, humidity, and ultraviolet radiation to determine their performance and durability in different environments. The IEC61215 standard aims to ensure the quality and reliability of solar panels and is widely used in the solar industry.

[0107] Furthermore, step 101 includes:

[0108] Step 1011: selecting a photovoltaic module to be evaluated to perform a damp heat test, and obtaining parameters of the photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by temperature and humidity based on the damp heat test;

[0109] Step 1012: selecting a photovoltaic module to be evaluated for ultraviolet test, and obtaining parameters of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by ultraviolet rays and temperature and humidity based on the ultraviolet test;

[0110] Step 1013: selecting a photovoltaic module to be evaluated to perform a thermal cycle test, and obtaining parameters of the photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by the thermal cycle based on the thermal cycle test;

[0111] Step 1014: Calculate the outdoor attenuation environment factor using the parameters of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by temperature and humidity, the parameters of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by ultraviolet and temperature and humidity, and the parameters of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by thermal cycle.

[0112] Specifically, the calculation formula for the outdoor attenuation environmental factor includes:

[0113] ki =(1+k H )(1+k P )(1+k Tm )-1

[0114] In the above formula, k i is the outdoor attenuation environmental factor, k H is the parameter of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by temperature and humidity, k P k is the parameter of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by ultraviolet light, temperature and humidity, Tm It is a parameter of PV module power attenuation caused by thermal cycle.

[0115] Further, step 1011 includes:

[0116] Step 1011a: Based on the preset environmental parameters of the damp heat test, perform a damp heat test on the photovoltaic module to be evaluated, and obtain the power of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated after the damp heat test;

[0117] In some embodiments,

[0118] Step 1011b: Based on the preset damp heat test environment parameters, the first formula and the power of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated after the damp heat test are fitted by the least square method to obtain the first exponential pre-constant and the parameter n of the influence of relative humidity on power attenuation;

[0119] Step 1011c: Based on the first formula, the parameters of the photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by temperature and humidity are calculated using the preset damp heat test environment parameters, the power of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated after the damp heat test, the first pre-exponential constant and the parameter n of the influence of relative humidity on power attenuation;

[0120] Specifically, the calculation formula of the first formula includes:

[0121]

[0122] In the above formula, k H is the parameter of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by temperature and humidity, k B is the Boltzmann constant (8.62×10 -5 ), T m is the ambient temperature (in K), A H is the first pre-exponential constant, RH eff is the relative humidity of the environment, n is the parameter affecting the power attenuation due to relative humidity, E H is the power of the PV module to be evaluated after the damp heat test, and exp is an exponential function with the natural constant e as the base;

[0123] Among them, the ambient temperature and ambient relative humidity are preset damp heat test environmental parameters.

[0124] In some embodiments, the wet heat test of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated includes: controlling the temperature in the environmental chamber at (85±2)°C and the humidity at (85±5)%, performing a 6500-hour test, and testing the maximum power of the photovoltaic module under STC conditions every 500 hours.

[0125] Further, step 1012 includes:

[0126] Step 1012a: Based on the preset environmental parameters of the ultraviolet test, perform an ultraviolet test on the photovoltaic module to be evaluated, and obtain the power of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated after the ultraviolet test;

[0127] Step 1012b: Based on the preset UV test environment parameters, the second formula and the power of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated after the UV test are fitted by the least square method to obtain the second pre-exponential constant, the parameter n of the influence of relative humidity on power attenuation, and the parameter X of the influence of UV on power attenuation;

[0128] Step 1012c: Based on the second formula, the parameters of the photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by ultraviolet and temperature and humidity are calculated using the preset ultraviolet test environment parameters, the power of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated after the ultraviolet test, the second pre-exponential constant, the parameter n of the influence of relative humidity on power attenuation, and the parameter X of the influence of ultraviolet on power attenuation;

[0129] Specifically, the calculation formula of the second formula includes:

[0130]

[0131] In the above formula, k P A is the parameter of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by ultraviolet light, temperature and humidity. P is the second pre-exponential constant, UV de is the cumulative amount of ultraviolet radiation, X is the parameter affecting the power attenuation, RH eff is the relative humidity of the environment, n is the parameter affecting the power attenuation due to relative humidity, E P is the power of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated after the UV test, k B is the Boltzmann constant, T m is the ambient temperature, exp is an exponential function with the natural constant e as the base;

[0132] Among them, the cumulative amount of ultraviolet radiation, ambient temperature and ambient relative humidity are ultraviolet test environmental parameters.

[0133] In some embodiments, the UV test of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated includes: using UV radiation with an irradiance of 180W / ㎡ in an environmental chamber, controlling the temperature of the environmental chamber at (60±5)℃ and the humidity at 55%, conducting a 4000-hour test, and testing the maximum power of the photovoltaic module under STC conditions every 500 hours.

[0134] Further, step 1013 includes:

[0135] Step 1013a: Based on the preset environmental parameters of the thermal cycle test, perform a thermal cycle test on the photovoltaic module to be evaluated, and obtain the power of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated after the thermal cycle test;

[0136] Step 1013b: Based on the preset thermal cycle test environment parameters, the third formula and the power of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated after the thermal cycle test are fitted by the least square method to obtain the third pre-exponential constant and the parameters of the influence of thermal cycle on power attenuation;

[0137] Step 1013c: Based on the third formula, the parameters of the photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by the thermal cycle are calculated using the preset thermal cycle test environment parameters, the power of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated after the thermal cycle test, the third pre-exponential constant and the parameters of the influence of the thermal cycle on the power attenuation;

[0138] Specifically, the calculation formula of the third formula includes:

[0139]

[0140] In the above formula, k Tm A is the parameter of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by thermal cycle, Tm is the third exponential pre-constant, θ is the parameter affecting the power attenuation due to thermal cycling, C N is the cycle rate, k B is the Boltzmann constant, E Tm is the power of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated after the thermal cycle test; ΔT = T U -T L , T U is the highest temperature during the test, T L is the lowest temperature during the test;

[0141] Among them, the cycle rate, the highest temperature during the test, and the lowest temperature during the test are the thermal cycle test environment parameters.

[0142] In some embodiments, the thermal cycle test of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated includes: the module temperature is cycled between (-40±2)℃ and (85±2)℃, the rate of change between the highest and lowest temperatures is 100℃ / h, stable operation is performed for 10 minutes at each extreme temperature, 1200 cycles are performed, and after every 250 cycles, the maximum power of the photovoltaic module under STC conditions is tested.

[0143] Further, step 102 includes:

[0144] A photovoltaic module to be evaluated is selected for real-time monitoring to obtain actual power measurement data of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated.

[0145] Furthermore, relevant parameters in the pre-established photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model include: attenuation shape parameters and power sensitivity.

[0146] Further, step 103 includes:

[0147] Step 1031: Obtain attenuation shape parameters using power measured data;

[0148] Step 1032: Substitute the outdoor attenuation environment factor, attenuation shape parameter and corrected power measured data into the photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model, and use the least squares method to solve the photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model after substituting the outdoor attenuation environment factor, attenuation shape parameter and corrected power measured data to obtain power sensitivity.

[0149] Further, step 1031 includes:

[0150] Step 1031a: filtering the power measured data to obtain filtered power measured data;

[0151] Step 1031b: Correct the screened power measured data to meet the standard test conditions STC, and obtain corrected power measured data;

[0152] It should be noted that the method of "correcting the filtered power measured data to meet the standard test conditions STC" involved in the embodiment of the present invention is well known to those skilled in the art, so its specific implementation method will not be described in detail.

[0153] Step 1031c: obtaining the envelope of the corrected power measured data;

[0154] It should be noted that the method of "obtaining the envelope of the corrected power measured data" involved in the embodiment of the present invention is well known to those skilled in the art, so its specific implementation method will not be described in detail. In some embodiments, it can be implemented using MATLAB but is not limited to it;

[0155] Step 1031d: Based on the curve shape of the preset shape parameter and according to the envelope of the corrected power measured data, the preset shape parameter corresponding to the curve shape matching the envelope is selected as the attenuation shape parameter.

[0156] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention do not limit the method for obtaining the "curve of preset shape parameters". In some embodiments, the method may be selected by those skilled in the art based on test data, expert experience or engineering needs.

[0157] Furthermore, the screening conditions for screening the power measured data include:

[0158] The back panel temperature of the photovoltaic module is 30-35℃, and the irradiance under clear sky conditions is 800-1200W / ㎡.

[0159] Further, step 104 includes:

[0160] Step 1041: Substituting outdoor attenuation environmental factors and related parameters into the photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model;

[0161] Step 1042: Generate an attenuation curve of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated based on the photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model after substituting the outdoor attenuation environmental factor and related parameters.

[0162] To further illustrate the above photovoltaic module attenuation performance evaluation method, the present invention provides a specific example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0163] (1) Select 4 PV modules of the same batch and type to be evaluated, of which 3 are used for laboratory testing and 1 is used for field testing. All PV modules to be evaluated are subjected to EL testing to ensure the integrity and quality of the PV modules.

[0164] (2) After passing the EL test, use AAA-level simulated light sources to calibrate the initial power of the photovoltaic modules to be evaluated for field testing, and use the calibration results as the initial value P of the photovoltaic module power attenuation. 0 .

[0165] (3) Record the power attenuation and attenuation rate of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated in the first year of outdoor operation for field testing. The attenuation is the light-induced attenuation γ LID lead to.

[0166] (4) Three photovoltaic modules for laboratory testing are pretreated according to the method required by the IEC61215 standard to obtain three pretreated photovoltaic modules to be evaluated.

[0167] (5) The first PV module to be evaluated after pretreatment is placed in a hot and humid environment chamber, the temperature of the environment chamber is controlled at 85°C, the humidity is controlled at 85%, and the test time is adjusted to 6500 hours. After each 500-hour test, the maximum power of the PV module under STC conditions is tested to obtain a series of power data (i.e., E H );

[0168] Determine the relative humidity RH according to the environmental chamber setting conditions eff and ambient temperature T m The value of the first exponential constant A is determined by fitting the first formula to each power point using the least squares method. H The values ​​of the parameter n that affects the power attenuation with relative humidity are 6.11×10 4 and 1.9, according to the power E of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated after 25 years of wet heat test H The power attenuation is 20% of the original power. Finally, the parameter k of the photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by temperature and humidity is calculated. H It is 0.132.

[0169] (6) The second PV module to be evaluated after pretreatment was placed in a UV test chamber, the ambient temperature was controlled at 60°C, the humidity was controlled at 55%, and the irradiation was performed on the surface of the module with 180W / ㎡ UV irradiation for 4000 hours. After each 500-hour test, the maximum power of the PV module under STC conditions was tested to obtain a series of power data (i.e., E p );

[0170] According to the environmental chamber setting conditions, determine the cumulative amount of ultraviolet radiation UV in the second formula de , Environmental relative humidity RH eff and ambient temperature T m The value of the second exponential constant A is determined by fitting the second formula to each power point using the least squares method. P The values ​​of the parameter n of the relative humidity and the parameter X of the ultraviolet radiation on power attenuation are 1.2×10 -3 , 1.8 and 0.63, according to the power E of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated after 25 years of UV testing p The attenuation is 20% of the original power. Finally, the parameter k of the photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by ultraviolet and temperature and humidity is calculated. P It is 0.228.

[0171] (7) The third PV module to be evaluated after pretreatment was placed in a thermal cycle test chamber, and the ambient temperature was set to change between -40°C and 85°C, with a temperature change rate of 100°C / h. The two temperatures of -40°C and 85°C were maintained for 10 min respectively, and 1200 cycles were performed. After each 250 cycles, the maximum power of the PV module under STC conditions was tested to obtain a series of power data (i.e., E Tm );

[0172] According to the environmental chamber setting conditions, determine the maximum temperature T during the test in the third formula U , the lowest temperature during the test T L and the cycle rate C N The third pre-exponential constant A is determined by fitting the third formula to each power point using the least squares method. Tm The values ​​of the parameter θ related to the effect of thermal cycling on power attenuation are 9.10×10 -5 and 2.24, according to the power E of the PV module to be evaluated after 25 years of thermal cycle test Tm The power is attenuated to 20% of the original power, and the final calculation is k Tm The value of is 0.130.

[0173] (8) Substitute the parameters determined in steps (5)-(7) into the calculation formula of the outdoor attenuation environment factor to obtain the outdoor attenuation environment factor k i The value is 0.571.

[0174] (9) Long-term monitoring of the actual power data, on-site irradiance data, and module backplane temperature data of the photovoltaic modules to be evaluated for outdoor monitoring;

[0175] (10) Filter the outdoor monitoring data (i.e., the actual power measurement data), and set the filtering boundary conditions as follows: PV module backplane temperature range 30-35°C, irradiance range 800-1200 W / ㎡, and clear sky conditions;

[0176] The filtered power measured data is corrected to meet the standard test conditions STC to obtain the corrected power measured data; the envelope of the corrected power measured data can be obtained by using MATLAB, but is not limited to, based on the envelope shape of the corrected power measured data, according to Figure 3 The curve characteristics of each preset shape parameter shown in FIG. 1 determine that the value of the attenuation shape parameter μ is 0.19; wherein, Figure 3 The curves in the figure correspond from bottom to top to: μ = 0.15, μ = 0.19, μ = 0.42 and μ = 0.96; Figure 3 The ordinate of the middle curve is normalized power, and the abscissa is time (in years).

[0177] (11) The outdoor attenuation environmental factor, attenuation shape parameter and corrected power measured data are substituted into the photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model, and the photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model after substituting the outdoor attenuation environmental factor, attenuation shape parameter and corrected power measured data is solved by the least squares method, and the power sensitivity B value is obtained to be 251.

[0178] (12) The outdoor attenuation environmental factor k i , attenuation shape parameter μ and power sensitivity B are substituted into the photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model, and based on the photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model with these parameters, the Figure 4 The degradation curve of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated is shown. Figure 4 The exponential decay model in is the decay curve of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated. In some embodiments, Figure 4 The linear attenuation model shown in can be selected by those skilled in the art according to actual needs;

[0179] It should be noted that after all parameters are brought into the photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model, a model containing only t and P is obtained. t j The formula is: t and j are the independent variables, and P is the dependent variable. t j , the independent variables time t and number j are changed, the range of t is 0 to 6 years, and the measurement is made every five minutes, so the total number of measurements per year is 105120, and the dependent variable P is obtained t j The value of Figure 4 The power per unit value on the ordinate is actually the normalized value of all measured power data.

[0180] The present invention provides a photovoltaic module attenuation performance evaluation method, which performs an attenuation test on the photovoltaic module to be evaluated, obtains the outdoor attenuation environmental factor of the photovoltaic module, collects the power measured data of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated, solves the relevant parameters in the pre-established photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model based on the outdoor attenuation environmental factor and the power measured data, and uses the relevant parameters and the photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model to evaluate the attenuation performance of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated. The laboratory attenuation coefficient is combined with the on-site short-term operation monitoring data to realize the accurate evaluation of the attenuation characteristics of the photovoltaic module over the whole life cycle, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the evaluation of the attenuation characteristics of the photovoltaic module over the whole life cycle.

[0181] Embodiment 2

[0182] The present invention provides a photovoltaic module attenuation performance evaluation device, such as Figure 5 As shown, the device comprises:

[0183] An acquisition unit is used to perform an attenuation test on the photovoltaic module to be evaluated and obtain the outdoor attenuation environmental factor of the photovoltaic module;

[0184] A collection unit, used to collect the actual power measurement data of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated;

[0185] A solving unit, used to solve relevant parameters in a pre-established photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model based on outdoor attenuation environmental factors and actual power measurement data;

[0186] The evaluation unit is used to evaluate the attenuation performance of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated by using relevant parameters and the photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model.

[0187] Furthermore, the device also includes:

[0188] The screening unit is used to screen out a set number of photovoltaic modules of the same model that have passed the EL test as photovoltaic modules to be evaluated.

[0189] Furthermore, the pre-established PV module attenuation characteristic model includes:

[0190]

[0191] In the above formula, t∈[1,N], N is the total number of years that the PV module to be evaluated is operated outdoors; j∈[1,M], M is the total number of times the PV module to be evaluated is monitored each year; P t j is the power of the PV module to be evaluated obtained from the jth monitoring in the tth year, P 0 is the initial value of the power attenuation of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated, γ LID is the light-induced attenuation, B is the power sensitivity, k i is the attenuation environment factor, μ is the attenuation shape parameter;

[0192] The calculation formula of light-induced attenuation includes:

[0193]

[0194] In the above formula, P 1 M The power of the PV module to be evaluated obtained from the Mth monitoring in the first year.

[0195] Furthermore, the acquisition unit includes:

[0196] A first acquisition module is used to select a photovoltaic module to be evaluated for a damp heat test, and obtain parameters of the photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by temperature and humidity based on the damp heat test;

[0197] The second acquisition module is used to select a photovoltaic module to be evaluated for ultraviolet test, and obtain the parameters of the photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by ultraviolet and temperature and humidity based on the ultraviolet test;

[0198] A third acquisition module is used to select a photovoltaic module to be evaluated for thermal cycle test, and obtain the parameters of the photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by the thermal cycle based on the thermal cycle test;

[0199] The calculation module is used to calculate the outdoor attenuation environment factor by using the parameters of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by temperature and humidity, the parameters of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by ultraviolet and temperature and humidity, and the parameters of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by thermal cycle.

[0200] Specifically, the calculation formula for the outdoor attenuation environmental factor includes:

[0201] k i =(1+k H )(1+k P )(1+k Tm )-1

[0202] In the above formula, k i is the outdoor attenuation environmental factor, k H is the parameter of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by temperature and humidity, k P k is the parameter of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by ultraviolet light, temperature and humidity, Tm It is a parameter of PV module power attenuation caused by thermal cycle.

[0203] Furthermore, the first acquisition module is specifically used for:

[0204] Based on the preset environmental parameters of the damp heat test, the PV module to be evaluated is subjected to a damp heat test, and the power of the PV module to be evaluated after the damp heat test is obtained;

[0205] Based on the preset damp heat test environment parameters, the first formula and the power of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated after the damp heat test are fitted by the least square method to obtain the first exponential pre-constant and the parameter n of the influence of relative humidity on power attenuation;

[0206] Based on the first formula, the parameters of the photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by temperature and humidity are calculated using the preset damp heat test environment parameters, the power of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated after the damp heat test, the first exponential pre-constant and the parameter n of the influence of relative humidity on power attenuation.

[0207] Specifically, the calculation formula of the first formula includes:

[0208]

[0209] In the above formula, k H is the parameter of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by temperature and humidity, k B is the Boltzmann constant, T m is the ambient temperature, A H is the first pre-exponential constant, RH eff is the relative humidity of the environment, n is the parameter affecting the power attenuation due to relative humidity, E H is the power of the PV module to be evaluated after the damp heat test, and exp is an exponential function with the natural constant e as the base;

[0210] Among them, the ambient temperature and ambient relative humidity are preset damp heat test environmental parameters.

[0211] Furthermore, the second acquisition module is specifically used for:

[0212] Based on the preset environmental parameters of the ultraviolet test, the photovoltaic module to be evaluated is subjected to an ultraviolet test, and the power of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated after the ultraviolet test is obtained;

[0213] Based on the preset UV test environment parameters, the second formula and the power of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated after the UV test are fitted by the least square method to obtain the second pre-exponential constant, the parameter n of the influence of relative humidity on power attenuation, and the parameter X of the influence of UV on power attenuation;

[0214] Based on the second formula, the parameters of the power attenuation of the photovoltaic components caused by ultraviolet and temperature and humidity are calculated using the preset ultraviolet test environment parameters, the power of the photovoltaic components to be evaluated after the ultraviolet test, the second pre-exponential constant, the parameter n of the influence of relative humidity on power attenuation, and the parameter X of the influence of ultraviolet on power attenuation.

[0215] Specifically, the calculation formula of the second formula includes:

[0216]

[0217] In the above formula, k P A is the parameter of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by ultraviolet light, temperature and humidity. P is the second pre-exponential constant, UV de is the cumulative amount of ultraviolet radiation, X is the parameter affecting the power attenuation, RH eff is the relative humidity of the environment, n is the parameter affecting the power attenuation due to relative humidity, E P is the power of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated after the UV test, k B is the Boltzmann constant, T m is the ambient temperature, exp is an exponential function with the natural constant e as the base;

[0218] Among them, the cumulative amount of ultraviolet radiation, ambient temperature and ambient relative humidity are ultraviolet test environmental parameters.

[0219] Furthermore, the third acquisition module is specifically used for:

[0220] Based on the preset environmental parameters of the thermal cycle test, a thermal cycle test is performed on the photovoltaic module to be evaluated, and the power of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated after the thermal cycle test is obtained;

[0221] Based on the preset thermal cycle test environment parameters, the third formula and the power of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated after the thermal cycle test are fitted by the least square method to obtain the third exponential pre-constant and the parameters of the influence of thermal cycle on power attenuation;

[0222] Based on the third formula, the parameters of the power attenuation of the photovoltaic components caused by the thermal cycle are calculated using the preset thermal cycle test environment parameters, the power of the photovoltaic components to be evaluated after the thermal cycle test, the third exponential pre-constant and the parameters of the influence of the thermal cycle on the power attenuation.

[0223] Specifically, the calculation formula of the third formula includes:

[0224]

[0225] In the above formula, k Tm A is the parameter of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by thermal cycle, Tm is the third exponential pre-constant, θ is the parameter affecting the power attenuation due to thermal cycling, C N is the cycle rate, k B is the Boltzmann constant, E Tm is the power of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated after the thermal cycle test; ΔT = T U -T L , T U is the highest temperature during the test, T L is the lowest temperature during the test;

[0226] Among them, the cycle rate, the highest temperature during the test, and the lowest temperature during the test are the thermal cycle test environment parameters.

[0227] Furthermore, the acquisition unit is specifically used for:

[0228] A photovoltaic module to be evaluated is selected for real-time monitoring to obtain actual power measurement data of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated.

[0229] Furthermore, relevant parameters in the pre-established photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model include: attenuation shape parameters and power sensitivity.

[0230] Furthermore, the solving unit includes:

[0231] A fourth acquisition module is used to obtain attenuation shape parameters using the power measured data;

[0232] The fifth acquisition module is used to substitute the outdoor attenuation environment factor, attenuation shape parameter and corrected power measured data into the photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model, and use the least squares method to solve the photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model after substituting the outdoor attenuation environment factor, attenuation shape parameter and corrected power measured data to obtain power sensitivity.

[0233] Furthermore, the fourth acquisition module includes:

[0234] A screening submodule is used to screen the power measured data to obtain the screened power measured data;

[0235] The correction submodule is used to correct the screened power measured data to meet the standard test conditions STC, and obtain the corrected power measured data;

[0236] The first acquisition submodule is used to obtain the envelope of the corrected power measured data;

[0237] The determination submodule is used to select the preset shape parameters corresponding to the curve shape matching the envelope line as the attenuation shape parameters based on the curve shape of the preset shape parameters and according to the envelope line of the corrected power measured data.

[0238] Furthermore, the screening submodule is specifically used for:

[0239] The back panel temperature of the photovoltaic module is 30-35℃, and the irradiance under clear sky conditions is 800-1200W / ㎡.

[0240] Furthermore, the evaluation unit is specifically used to:

[0241] Substitute outdoor attenuation environmental factors and related parameters into the photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model;

[0242] Based on the photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model after substituting the outdoor attenuation environmental factors and related parameters, the attenuation curve of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated is generated.

[0243] The present invention provides a photovoltaic module attenuation performance evaluation device. The device performs an attenuation test on a photovoltaic module to be evaluated through an acquisition unit to obtain an outdoor attenuation environmental factor of the photovoltaic module. The acquisition unit acquires the measured power data of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated. The solution unit solves the relevant parameters in a pre-established photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model based on the outdoor attenuation environmental factor and the measured power data. The evaluation unit uses the relevant parameters and the photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model to evaluate the attenuation performance of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated. The laboratory attenuation coefficient is combined with the on-site short-term operation monitoring data to realize the accurate evaluation of the attenuation characteristics of the photovoltaic module over the entire life cycle, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the evaluation of the attenuation characteristics of the photovoltaic module over the entire life cycle.

[0244] It can be understood that the device embodiment provided above corresponds to the method embodiment described above, and the corresponding specific contents can be referenced to each other and will not be repeated here.

[0245] It can be understood that the same or similar parts of the above embodiments can be referenced to each other, and the contents not described in detail in some embodiments can refer to the same or similar contents in other embodiments.

[0246] Embodiment 3

[0247] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a computer device, which includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, the computer program includes program instructions, and the processor is used to execute the program instructions stored in the computer storage medium. The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. It is the computing core and control core of the terminal, which is suitable for implementing one or more instructions, and is specifically suitable for loading and executing one or more instructions in the computer storage medium to implement the corresponding method flow or corresponding function, so as to implement the steps of a photovoltaic module attenuation performance evaluation method in the above embodiment.

[0248] Embodiment 4

[0249] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a storage medium, specifically a computer-readable storage medium (Memory), which is a memory device in a computer device for storing programs and data. It can be understood that the computer-readable storage medium here can include both built-in storage media in a computer device and, of course, extended storage media supported by the computer device. The computer-readable storage medium provides a storage space, which stores the operating system of the terminal. In addition, one or more instructions suitable for being loaded and executed by a processor are also stored in the storage space, and these instructions can be one or more computer programs (including program codes). It should be noted that the computer-readable storage medium here can be a high-speed RAM memory or a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk memory. The processor can load and execute one or more instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium to implement the steps of a photovoltaic module attenuation performance evaluation method in the above embodiment.

[0250] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0251] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of processes and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0252] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0253] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0254] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the attenuation performance of a photovoltaic module, characterized in that: include: Conduct attenuation tests on the photovoltaic modules to be evaluated to obtain the outdoor attenuation environmental factors of the photovoltaic modules; Collect the measured power data of the photovoltaic modules to be evaluated; Based on the outdoor attenuation environmental factor and the measured power data, solving relevant parameters in a pre-established photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model; The attenuation performance of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated is evaluated by using the relevant parameters and the photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Before the attenuation test is performed on the photovoltaic module to be evaluated, the following steps are also included: A set number of PV modules of the same model that have passed the EL test are screened out as PV modules to be evaluated.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The pre-established photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model includes: In the above formula, t∈[1,N], N is the total number of years that the PV module to be evaluated has been operating outdoors; j∈[1,M], M is the total number of times the PV module to be evaluated is monitored each year; P t j is the power of the PV module to be evaluated obtained by the jth monitoring in the tth year, P0 is the initial value of the power attenuation of the PV module to be evaluated, γ LID is the light-induced attenuation, B is the power sensitivity, k i is the attenuation environment factor, μ is the attenuation shape parameter; The calculation formula of light-induced attenuation includes: In the above formula, P1 M The power of the PV module to be evaluated obtained from the Mth monitoring in the first year.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The attenuation test is performed on the photovoltaic module to be evaluated to obtain the outdoor attenuation environmental factor of the photovoltaic module, including: Selecting a photovoltaic module to be evaluated to perform a damp heat test, and obtaining parameters of the photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by temperature and humidity based on the damp heat test; Selecting a photovoltaic module to be evaluated for ultraviolet test, and obtaining parameters of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by ultraviolet light and temperature and humidity based on the ultraviolet test; Selecting a photovoltaic module to be evaluated to perform a thermal cycle test, and obtaining parameters of power attenuation of the photovoltaic module caused by the thermal cycle based on the thermal cycle test; The outdoor attenuation environmental factor is calculated using the parameters of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by temperature and humidity, the parameters of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by ultraviolet and temperature and humidity, and the parameters of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by thermal cycle.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The step of selecting a photovoltaic module to be evaluated for a damp heat test and obtaining parameters of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by temperature and humidity based on the damp heat test includes: Based on the preset environmental parameters of the damp heat test, the PV module to be evaluated is subjected to a damp heat test, and the power of the PV module to be evaluated after the damp heat test is obtained; Based on the preset damp heat test environment parameters, the first formula and the power of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated after the damp heat test are fitted by the least square method to obtain the first exponential pre-constant and the parameter n of the influence of relative humidity on power attenuation; Based on the first formula, the parameters of the photovoltaic component power attenuation caused by temperature and humidity are calculated using the preset damp heat test environment parameters, the power of the photovoltaic component to be evaluated after the damp heat test, the first exponential pre-constant and the parameter n of the influence of relative humidity on power attenuation.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The step of selecting a photovoltaic module to be evaluated for UV test and obtaining the parameters of the photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by UV and temperature and humidity based on the UV test includes: Based on the preset environmental parameters of the ultraviolet test, the photovoltaic module to be evaluated is subjected to an ultraviolet test, and the power of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated after the ultraviolet test is obtained; Based on the preset ultraviolet test environment parameters, the second formula and the power of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated after the ultraviolet test are fitted by the least square method to obtain the second pre-exponential constant, the parameter n of the influence of relative humidity on power attenuation, and the parameter X of the influence of ultraviolet on power attenuation; Based on the second formula, the parameters of the power attenuation of the photovoltaic components caused by ultraviolet and temperature and humidity are calculated using the preset ultraviolet test environment parameters, the power of the photovoltaic components to be evaluated after the ultraviolet test, the second pre-exponential constant, the parameter n of the influence of relative humidity on power attenuation, and the parameter X of the influence of ultraviolet on power attenuation.

7. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The step of selecting a photovoltaic module to be evaluated for a thermal cycle test and obtaining parameters of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by the thermal cycle based on the thermal cycle test includes: Based on the preset environmental parameters of the thermal cycle test, a thermal cycle test is performed on the photovoltaic module to be evaluated, and the power of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated after the thermal cycle test is obtained; Based on the preset thermal cycle test environment parameters, the third formula and the power of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated after the thermal cycle test are fitted by the least square method to obtain the third pre-exponential constant and the parameters of the influence of thermal cycle on power attenuation; Based on the third formula, the parameters of the power attenuation of the photovoltaic components caused by the thermal cycle are calculated using the preset thermal cycle test environment parameters, the power of the photovoltaic components to be evaluated after the thermal cycle test, the third exponential pre-constant and the parameters of the influence of the thermal cycle on the power attenuation.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The collecting of the measured power data of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated includes: A photovoltaic module to be evaluated is selected for real-time monitoring to obtain actual power measurement data of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The relevant parameters in the pre-established photovoltaic component attenuation characteristic model include: attenuation shape parameters and power sensitivity.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The method of using the outdoor attenuation environmental factor and the power measured data to solve the relevant parameters in the pre-established photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model includes: Using the power measured data, obtaining the attenuation shape parameters; The outdoor attenuation environment factor, attenuation shape parameter and corrected power measured data are substituted into the photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model, and the photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model after substituting the outdoor attenuation environment factor, attenuation shape parameter and corrected power measured data is solved by the least squares method to obtain the power sensitivity.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that The step of obtaining the attenuation shape parameter by using the power measured data includes: Screening the power measured data to obtain screened power measured data; Correcting the screened power measured data to meet standard test conditions STC to obtain corrected power measured data; Obtaining the envelope of the corrected power measured data; Based on the curve shape of the preset shape parameter, according to the envelope of the corrected power measured data, the preset shape parameter corresponding to the curve shape matching the envelope is selected as the attenuation shape parameter.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that The screening conditions for screening the power measured data include: The back panel temperature of the photovoltaic module is 30-35℃, and the irradiance under clear sky conditions is 800-1200W / ㎡.

13. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of using the relevant parameters and the photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model to evaluate the attenuation performance of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated includes: Substituting the outdoor attenuation environment factor and the related parameters into the photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model; Based on the photovoltaic component attenuation characteristic model after substituting the outdoor attenuation environmental factor and the relevant parameters, an attenuation curve of the photovoltaic component to be evaluated is generated.

14. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The calculation formula of the first formula includes: In the above formula, k H is the parameter of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by temperature and humidity, k B is the Boltzmann constant, T m is the ambient temperature, A H is the first pre-exponential constant, RH eff is the relative humidity of the environment, n is the parameter affecting the power attenuation due to relative humidity, E H is the power of the PV module to be evaluated after the damp heat test, and exp is an exponential function with the natural constant e as the base; Among them, the ambient temperature and ambient relative humidity are the preset damp heat test environmental parameters.

15. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The calculation formula of the second formula includes: In the above formula, k P A is the parameter of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by ultraviolet light, temperature and humidity. P is the second pre-exponential constant, UV de is the cumulative amount of ultraviolet radiation, X is the parameter affecting the power attenuation, RH eff is the relative humidity of the environment, n is the parameter affecting the power attenuation due to relative humidity, E P is the power of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated after the UV test, k B is the Boltzmann constant, T m is the ambient temperature, exp is an exponential function with the natural constant e as the base; Among them, the cumulative amount of ultraviolet radiation, ambient temperature and ambient relative humidity are the ultraviolet test environment parameters.

16. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The calculation formula of the third formula includes: In the above formula, k Tm A is the parameter of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by thermal cycle, Tm is the third exponential pre-constant, θ is the parameter affecting the power attenuation due to thermal cycling, C N is the cycle rate, k B is the Boltzmann constant, E Tm is the power of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated after the thermal cycle test; ΔT = T U -T L , T U is the highest temperature during the test, T L is the lowest temperature during the test; Among them, the cycle rate, the highest temperature during the test and the lowest temperature during the test are the thermal cycle test environment parameters.

17. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The calculation formula of the outdoor attenuation environment factor includes: k i =(1+k H )(1+k P )(1+k Tm )-1 In the above formula, k i is the outdoor attenuation environmental factor, k H is the parameter of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by temperature and humidity, k P k is the parameter of photovoltaic module power attenuation caused by ultraviolet light, temperature and humidity, Tm It is a parameter of PV module power attenuation caused by thermal cycle.

18. A photovoltaic module attenuation performance evaluation device, characterized in that: include: An acquisition unit is used to perform an attenuation test on the photovoltaic module to be evaluated and obtain the outdoor attenuation environmental factor of the photovoltaic module; A collection unit, used to collect the actual power measurement data of the photovoltaic module to be evaluated; A solving unit, used for solving relevant parameters in a pre-established photovoltaic module attenuation characteristic model based on the outdoor attenuation environment factor and the power measured data; The evaluation unit is used to evaluate the attenuation performance of the photovoltaic component to be evaluated by using the relevant parameters and the photovoltaic component attenuation characteristic model.

19. A computer device, characterized in that: include: one or more processors; The processor is used to store one or more programs; When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the photovoltaic component attenuation performance evaluation method according to any one of claims 1 to 17 is implemented.

20. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: A computer program is stored thereon, and when the computer program is executed, the photovoltaic component attenuation performance evaluation method as described in any one of claims 1 to 17 is implemented.

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