Model selection method and system for electrochemical energy storage

Abstract

The invention discloses a model selection method for electrochemical energy storage. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring data information of a target power system; constructing a candidate electrochemical energy storage scheme and an electrochemical energy storage type selection evaluation system; calculating index weights of the candidate electrochemical energy storage schemes in the electrochemical energy storage type selection evaluation system; calculating to obtain an evaluation result of the candidate electrochemical energy storage scheme; and completing the type selection of the electrochemical energy storage of the target power system according to the evaluation result. The invention also discloses a system for realizing the electrochemical energy storage type selection method. According to the method, the evaluation result of the electrochemical energy storage scheme is finally obtained by constructing the energy storage scheme and the evaluation index system and calculating the weight based on the analytic hierarchy process and the entropy weight method; therefore, the model selection of electrochemical energy storage can be realized, the reliability is higher, the accuracy is better, and the method is more objective and scientific.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of electrical automation, and in particular relates to a selection method and system for electrochemical energy storage. Background Art

[0002] With the development of economy and technology and the improvement of people's living standards, electricity has become an indispensable secondary energy source in people's production and life, bringing endless convenience to people's production and life. Therefore, ensuring the stable and reliable supply of electricity has become one of the most important tasks of the power system.

[0003] In recent years, environmental problems have become increasingly serious, so more and more renewable energy power generation systems have begun to be integrated into the power system and generate electricity. However, the randomness, intermittency and volatility of the output of renewable energy power generation systems have brought great challenges to the safe operation of non-power systems. At present, the power system has a variety of strategies to deal with the power fluctuations of renewable energy power generation systems. Among them, electrochemical energy storage technology has become an important means for the power system to deal with the output fluctuations of renewable energy systems due to its high reliability and good flexibility.

[0004] There are many types of electrochemical energy storage systems, and there are large differences in economy, technical maturity, safety, and environmental performance among the various types. These differences make the performance and applicability of various types of electrochemical energy storage systems different. However, at this stage, the electrochemical energy storage selection scheme for power systems still adopts an empirical scheme, that is, the power system staff directly selects the electrochemical energy storage system based on their own experience. However, this type of subjective selection scheme is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also has poor scientificity, reliability, and accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0005] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a method for selecting electrochemical energy storage which is highly reliable, accurate, objective and scientific.

[0006] A second object of the present invention is to provide a system for implementing the electrochemical energy storage selection method.

[0007] The electrochemical energy storage selection method provided by the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1. Obtain data information of the target power system;

[0009] S2. Constructing a candidate electrochemical energy storage solution and an electrochemical energy storage selection evaluation system based on the data information obtained in step S1;

[0010] S3. Use the analytic hierarchy process and entropy weight method to calculate the index weights of the candidate electrochemical energy storage solutions in the electrochemical energy storage selection evaluation system;

[0011] S4. Calculate the evaluation results of the candidate electrochemical energy storage solutions according to the indicator weights obtained in step S3;

[0012] S5. According to the evaluation result obtained in step S4, the electrochemical energy storage of the target power system is selected.

[0013] The step S2 of constructing a candidate electrochemical energy storage solution specifically includes the following steps:

[0014] The electrochemical energy storage types are set to include N single battery energy storage solutions; the single battery energy storage solutions include lithium-ion battery energy storage solutions, all-vanadium liquid flow battery energy storage solutions, sodium-sulfur battery energy storage solutions, and lead-acid battery energy storage solutions;

[0015] Constructing an electrochemical energy storage scheme: among N single-battery energy storage schemes, arbitrarily select one single-battery energy storage scheme as a candidate electrochemical energy storage scheme; among N single-battery energy storage schemes, arbitrarily select two single-battery energy storage schemes to combine as candidate electrochemical energy storage schemes;

[0016] Finally, the candidate electrochemical energy storage solutions obtained include N+C 2 N A solution.

[0017] The construction of the electrochemical energy storage selection and evaluation system described in step S2 specifically includes the following steps:

[0018] The constructed electrochemical energy storage selection and evaluation system includes the target layer, criterion layer, indicator layer and scheme layer;

[0019] The target layer is the optimal electrochemical energy storage selection scheme finally obtained;

[0020] The criteria layer is the first-level indicators: including economic indicators, performance indicators, safety indicators and environmental indicators;

[0021] The indicator layer is a secondary indicator: the secondary indicators under the economic indicators include the primary investment cost indicator, the operation and maintenance cost indicator, and the energy storage replacement cost indicator; the secondary indicators under the performance indicators include the energy density indicator, the power density indicator, the cycle life indicator, the self-discharge rate indicator, the response speed indicator, the charge and discharge rate indicator, and the discharge depth indicator; the secondary indicators under the safety indicators include the charge and discharge temperature indicator, the voltage stability rate indicator, and the current stability rate indicator; the secondary indicators under the environmental indicators include the battery recovery rate indicator, the floor area indicator, and the comprehensive energy consumption per unit output value indicator;

[0022] The solution layer is the candidate electrochemical energy storage solutions.

[0023] The step S3 uses the analytic hierarchy process and the entropy weight method to calculate the index weights of the candidate electrochemical energy storage solutions in the electrochemical energy storage selection evaluation system, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0024] The analytic hierarchy process is used to calculate the first indicator weight of each indicator in the criterion layer;

[0025] The entropy weight method is used to calculate the second indicator weight of each indicator in the indicator layer;

[0026] According to the obtained first indicator weight and second indicator weight, the indicator weight of the candidate electrochemical energy storage scheme in the electrochemical energy storage selection evaluation system is calculated.

[0027] The method of using the hierarchical analysis method to calculate the first indicator weight of each indicator in the criterion layer specifically includes the following steps:

[0028] Construct judgment matrix A: Judgment matrix A is a 4×4 matrix, where element a ij Indicates the importance of the i-th indicator to the j-th indicator in the criterion layer; the values ​​of i and j are both 1 to 4, where the first indicator is the economic indicator, the second indicator is the performance indicator, the third indicator is the safety indicator, and the fourth indicator is the environmental indicator; Finally, the constructed judgment matrix A is

[0029] The sum-product method or the square root method is used to solve the first indicator weight of each indicator in the criterion layer according to the judgment matrix A; wherein the weight of the economic indicator is B1, the weight of the performance indicator is C1, the weight of the safety indicator is D1, and the weight of the environmental indicator is E1, and B1+C1+D1+E1=1;

[0030] Verify the validity of the obtained first indicator weight:

[0031] Solve the consistency index CI as where λ max is the maximum eigenvalue of the judgment matrix A, b is the order of the judgment matrix A;

[0032] The solution consistency rate CR is Among them, RI is the degree of freedom index, and the value selection rule is: if the order of the judgment matrix A is 1 or 2, RI = 0, if the order of the judgment matrix A is 3, RI = 0.58, if the order of the judgment matrix A is 4, RI = 0.9, if the order of the judgment matrix A is 5, RI = 1.12, if the order of the judgment matrix A is 6, RI = 1.24, if the order of the judgment matrix A is 7, RI = 1.32, if the order of the judgment matrix A is 8, RI = 1.41, if the order of the judgment matrix A is 9, RI = 1.45;

[0033] Verify the validity: If the consistency rate CR is less than the set threshold, the first indicator weight obtained is valid; otherwise, the judgment matrix needs to be re-evaluated and adjusted.

[0034] The entropy weight method is used to calculate the second indicator weight of each indicator in the indicator layer, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0035] For the kth first-level indicator, establish the original data matrix X of its subordinate second-level indicators k for in is the normalized value of the jth secondary indicator under the kth primary indicator of the i-th candidate electrochemical energy storage solution. If the jth secondary indicator is a positive indicator, then If the jth secondary indicator is a negative indicator, is the index value of the jth secondary index under the kth primary index of the i-th candidate electrochemical energy storage solution, is the minimum value of the jth secondary indicator under the kth primary indicator, is the maximum value of the jth secondary indicator under the kth primary indicator. A positive indicator is defined as an indicator with a larger value and better performance, and a negative indicator is defined as an indicator with a larger value and worse performance.

[0036] Calculate the proportion of the jth secondary indicator under the kth primary indicator of the i-th candidate electrochemical energy storage solution to the kth primary indicator for

[0037] Calculate the entropy value of the jth secondary indicator of the kth primary indicator for At the same time, if but

[0038] Finally, the weight value of the jth secondary indicator of the kth primary indicator to the kth primary indicator is calculated. for

[0039] The step of calculating the index weight of the candidate electrochemical energy storage solution in the electrochemical energy storage selection evaluation system according to the obtained first index weight and second index weight specifically includes the following steps:

[0040] According to the obtained first indicator weight and second indicator weight, the indicator weight AA of the indicator layer with respect to the target layer is calculated. k for And AA k As the indicator weight of candidate electrochemical energy storage solutions in the electrochemical energy storage selection evaluation system;

[0041] Among them, when k=1, the value of W1 is B1, when k=2, the value of W1 is C1, when k=3, the value of W1 is D1, and when k=4, the value of W1 is E1.

[0042] The step S4 of calculating the evaluation results of the candidate electrochemical energy storage solutions according to the indicator weights obtained in step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0043] Obtaining the index values ​​of each secondary index of the candidate electrochemical energy storage solution;

[0044] Regarding economic indicators:

[0045] For the one-time investment cost indicator: sort from small to large; the indicator value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1);

[0046] Operation and maintenance cost index: Sort by small to large; the index value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1);

[0047] Energy storage replacement cost index; sorted from small to large; the index value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1);

[0048] Regarding performance indicators:

[0049] For the energy density index: sort from large to small; the index value of the scheme ranked nth is 50-2(n-1);

[0050] For the power density index: sort from large to small; the index value of the scheme ranked nth is 50-2(n-1);

[0051] For the cycle life index: sort from large to small; the index value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1);

[0052] For the self-discharge rate index: sort from small to large; the index value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1);

[0053] For the response speed index: sort from largest to smallest; the index value of the solution ranked nth is 100-5(n-1);

[0054] For the charge and discharge rate index: sort from large to small; the index value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1);

[0055] For the discharge depth index: sort from large to small; the index value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1);

[0056] Regarding security indicators:

[0057] For the charging and discharging temperature index: sort from small to large; the index value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1);

[0058] For the voltage stability index: sort from small to large; the index value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1);

[0059] For the current stability index: sort from large to small; the index value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1);

[0060] Regarding environmental indicators:

[0061] For the battery recycling rate indicator: sort from large to small; the indicator value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1);

[0062] For the area index: sort from small to large; the index value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1);

[0063] For the comprehensive energy consumption index per unit output value: sort from small to large; the index value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1);

[0064] Finally, the evaluation result S of the i-th candidate electrochemical energy storage solution is calculated. i for in It is the index value of the jth secondary index of the kth primary index of the i-th candidate electrochemical energy storage solution.

[0065] The step S5 described in which the electrochemical energy storage of the target power system is selected according to the evaluation result obtained in step S4 specifically includes the following steps:

[0066] According to the evaluation result obtained in step S4, the candidate electrochemical energy storage solution with the highest evaluation result is selected as the final selection result of the electrochemical energy storage of the target power system.

[0067] The present invention also provides a system for implementing the electrochemical energy storage selection method, comprising a data acquisition module, a construction module, a weight calculation module, an evaluation calculation module and an energy storage selection module; the data acquisition module, the construction module, the weight calculation module, the evaluation calculation module and the energy storage selection module are connected in series in sequence; the data acquisition module is used to acquire data information of the target power system and upload the data information to the construction module; the construction module is used to construct candidate electrochemical energy storage schemes and an electrochemical energy storage selection evaluation system according to the received data information and the acquired data information, and upload the data information to the weight calculation module; the weight calculation module is used to calculate the index weights of the candidate electrochemical energy storage schemes in the electrochemical energy storage selection evaluation system according to the received data information, using the hierarchical analysis method and the entropy weight method, and upload the data information to the evaluation calculation module; the evaluation calculation module is used to calculate the evaluation results of the candidate electrochemical energy storage schemes according to the received data information and the obtained index weights, and upload the data information to the energy storage selection module; the energy storage selection module is used to complete the selection of electrochemical energy storage for the target power system according to the received data information and the obtained evaluation results.

[0068] The electrochemical energy storage selection method and system provided by the present invention constructs an energy storage scheme and establishes an evaluation index system, and calculates weights based on the analytic hierarchy process and the entropy weight method, and finally obtains the evaluation result of the electrochemical energy storage scheme; therefore, the present invention can not only realize the selection of electrochemical energy storage, but also has higher reliability, better accuracy, and is more objective and scientific. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0069] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention.

[0070] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the functional modules of the system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] like Figure 1 The method flow diagram of the method of the present invention is shown as follows: The electrochemical energy storage selection method disclosed in the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0072] S1. Obtain data information of the target power system;

[0073] S2. Based on the data information obtained in step S1, construct candidate electrochemical energy storage solutions and an electrochemical energy storage selection evaluation system; specifically including the following steps:

[0074] The electrochemical energy storage type is set to include N single battery energy storage solutions; the single battery energy storage solutions include lithium-ion battery energy storage solutions, all-vanadium liquid flow battery energy storage solutions, sodium-sulfur battery energy storage solutions and lead-acid battery energy storage solutions;

[0075] Constructing an electrochemical energy storage scheme: among N single-battery energy storage schemes, arbitrarily select one single-battery energy storage scheme as a candidate electrochemical energy storage scheme; among N single-battery energy storage schemes, arbitrarily select two single-battery energy storage schemes to combine as candidate electrochemical energy storage schemes;

[0076] Finally, the candidate electrochemical energy storage solutions obtained include 1.

[0077] Then, the electrochemical energy storage selection and evaluation system is constructed, including the target layer, criterion layer, indicator layer and scheme layer;

[0078] The target layer is the optimal electrochemical energy storage selection scheme finally obtained;

[0079] The criteria layer is the first-level indicators: including economic indicators, performance indicators, safety indicators and environmental indicators;

[0080] The indicator layer is a secondary indicator: the secondary indicators under the economic indicators include the primary investment cost indicator, the operation and maintenance cost indicator, and the energy storage replacement cost indicator; the secondary indicators under the performance indicators include the energy density indicator, the power density indicator, the cycle life indicator, the self-discharge rate indicator, the response speed indicator, the charge and discharge rate indicator, and the discharge depth indicator; the secondary indicators under the safety indicators include the charge and discharge temperature indicator, the voltage stability rate indicator, and the current stability rate indicator; the secondary indicators under the environmental indicators include the battery recovery rate indicator, the floor area indicator, and the comprehensive energy consumption per unit output value indicator;

[0081] The solution layer is the candidate electrochemical energy storage solution;

[0082] S3. Using the analytic hierarchy process and entropy weight method, calculate the index weights of the candidate electrochemical energy storage schemes in the electrochemical energy storage selection evaluation system; specifically including the following steps:

[0083] The analytic hierarchy process is used to calculate the first indicator weight of each indicator in the criterion layer; specifically, the following steps are included:

[0084] Construct judgment matrix A: Judgment matrix A is a 4×4 matrix, where element a ij Indicates the importance of the i-th indicator to the j-th indicator in the criterion layer; the values ​​of i and j are both 1 to 4, where the first indicator is the economic indicator, the second indicator is the performance indicator, the third indicator is the safety indicator, and the fourth indicator is the environmental indicator; Finally, the constructed judgment matrix A is Among them, the scheme for selecting the elements in the judgment matrix A adopts the scheme of selecting the values ​​using the nine-level scaling method, and the meanings are as follows:

[0085] Table 1 Schematic diagram of the meaning of the nine-level scale

[0086] <![CDATA[a mn ]]> meaning 1 <![CDATA[a m with a n Equally important]]> 3 <![CDATA[a m Than a n Slightly more important]]> 5 <![CDATA[a m Than a n Clearly important<!-- 6 --> ]]> 7 <![CDATA[a m Than a n Strongly important]]> 9 <![CDATA[a m Than a n Extremely important]]> 2,4,6,8 The middle value of the above adjacent judgments reciprocal <![CDATA[a n Than a m The importance of a nm =1 / a mn ]]>

[0087] In the judgment matrix A, the indicators represented by the rows are economic indicators, performance indicators, safety indicators and environmental indicators from the first row to the fourth row; in the judgment matrix A, the indicators represented by the columns are economic indicators, performance indicators, safety indicators and environmental indicators from the first column to the fourth column;

[0088] The sum-product method or the square root method is used to solve the first indicator weight of each indicator in the criterion layer according to the judgment matrix A; wherein the weight of the economic indicator is B1, the weight of the performance indicator is C1, the weight of the safety indicator is D1, and the weight of the environmental indicator is E1, and B1+C1+D1+E1=1;

[0089] Verify the validity of the obtained first indicator weight:

[0090] Solve the consistency index CI as where λ max is the maximum eigenvalue of the judgment matrix A, b is the order of the judgment matrix A;

[0091] The solution consistency rate CR is Among them, RI is the degree of freedom index, and the value selection rule is: if the order of the judgment matrix A is 1 or 2, RI = 0, if the order of the judgment matrix A is 3, RI = 0.58, if the order of the judgment matrix A is 4, RI = 0.9, if the order of the judgment matrix A is 5, RI = 1.12, if the order of the judgment matrix A is 6, RI = 1.24, if the order of the judgment matrix A is 7, RI = 1.32, if the order of the judgment matrix A is 8, RI = 1.41, if the order of the judgment matrix A is 9, RI = 1.45;

[0092] Verify the validity: If the consistency rate CR is less than the set threshold, the first indicator weight obtained is valid; otherwise, the judgment matrix needs to be re-evaluated and adjusted;

[0093] The entropy weight method is used to calculate the second indicator weight of each indicator in the indicator layer; specifically, the following steps are included:

[0094] For the kth first-level indicator, establish the original data matrix X of its subordinate second-level indicators k for in is the normalized value of the jth secondary indicator under the kth primary indicator of the i-th candidate electrochemical energy storage solution. If the jth secondary indicator is a positive indicator, then If the jth secondary indicator is a negative indicator, is the index value of the jth secondary index under the kth primary index of the i-th candidate electrochemical energy storage solution, is the minimum value of the jth secondary indicator under the kth primary indicator, is the maximum value of the jth secondary indicator under the kth primary indicator. A positive indicator is defined as an indicator with a larger value and better performance, and a negative indicator is defined as an indicator with a larger value and worse performance.

[0095] Calculate the proportion of the jth secondary indicator under the kth primary indicator of the i-th candidate electrochemical energy storage solution to the kth primary indicator for

[0096] Calculate the entropy value of the jth secondary indicator of the kth primary indicator for At the same time, if

[0097] Finally, the weight value of the jth secondary indicator of the kth primary indicator to the kth primary indicator is calculated. for

[0098] According to the obtained first indicator weight and second indicator weight, the indicator weight of the candidate electrochemical energy storage scheme in the electrochemical energy storage selection evaluation system is calculated; specifically, the steps are as follows:

[0099] According to the obtained first indicator weight and second indicator weight, the indicator weight AA of the indicator layer with respect to the target layer is calculated. k for And AA k As the indicator weight of candidate electrochemical energy storage solutions in the electrochemical energy storage selection evaluation system;

[0100] Among them, if k=1, W1 takes the value of B1, if k=2, W1 takes the value of C1, if k=3, W1 takes the value of D1, and if k=4, W1 takes the value of E1;

[0101] S4. Calculate the evaluation results of the candidate electrochemical energy storage solutions according to the indicator weights obtained in step S3; specifically comprising the following steps:

[0102] Obtaining the index values ​​of each secondary index of the candidate electrochemical energy storage solution;

[0103] For the one-time investment cost indicator: sort from small to large; the indicator value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1);

[0104] Operation and maintenance cost index: Sort by small to large; the index value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1);

[0105] Energy storage replacement cost index; sorted from small to large; the index value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1);

[0106] Regarding performance indicators:

[0107] For the energy density index: sort from large to small; the index value of the scheme ranked nth is 50-2(n-1);

[0108] For the power density index: sort from large to small; the index value of the scheme ranked nth is 50-2(n-1);

[0109] For the cycle life index: sort from large to small; the index value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1);

[0110] For the self-discharge rate index: sort from small to large; the index value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1);

[0111] For the response speed index: sort from largest to smallest; the index value of the solution ranked nth is 100-5(n-1);

[0112] For the charge and discharge rate index: sort from large to small; the index value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1);

[0113] For the discharge depth index: sort from large to small; the index value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1);

[0114] Regarding security indicators:

[0115] For the charging and discharging temperature index: sort from small to large; the index value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1);

[0116] For the voltage stability index: sort from small to large; the index value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1);

[0117] For the current stability index: sort from large to small; the index value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1);

[0118] Regarding environmental indicators:

[0119] For the battery recycling rate indicator: sort from large to small; the indicator value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1);

[0120] For the area index: sort from small to large; the index value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1);

[0121] For the comprehensive energy consumption index per unit output value: sort from small to large; the index value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1);

[0122] Finally, the evaluation result S of the i-th candidate electrochemical energy storage solution is calculated. i for in is the index value of the jth secondary index of the kth primary index of the i-th candidate electrochemical energy storage solution;

[0123] S5. According to the evaluation result obtained in step S4, the selection of electrochemical energy storage for the target power system is completed; specifically, the steps include:

[0124] According to the evaluation result obtained in step S4, the candidate electrochemical energy storage solution with the highest evaluation result is selected as the final selection result of the electrochemical energy storage of the target power system.

[0125] like Figure 2 The functional module schematic diagram of the system of the present invention is shown as follows: the system for realizing the electrochemical energy storage selection method disclosed in the present invention comprises a data acquisition module, a construction module, a weight calculation module, an evaluation calculation module and an energy storage selection module; the data acquisition module, the construction module, the weight calculation module, the evaluation calculation module and the energy storage selection module are connected in series in sequence; the data acquisition module is used to acquire data information of the target power system and upload the data information to the construction module; the construction module is used to construct a candidate electrochemical energy storage scheme and an electrochemical energy storage selection evaluation system according to the received data information and the acquired data information, and upload the data information to the weight calculation module; the weight calculation module is used to calculate the index weight of the candidate electrochemical energy storage scheme in the electrochemical energy storage selection evaluation system according to the received data information, using the hierarchical analysis method and the entropy weight method, and upload the data information to the evaluation calculation module; the evaluation calculation module is used to calculate the evaluation result of the candidate electrochemical energy storage scheme according to the received data information and the obtained index weight, and upload the data information to the energy storage selection module; the energy storage selection module is used to complete the selection of electrochemical energy storage for the target power system according to the received data information and the obtained evaluation result.

Claims

1. A method for selecting an electrochemical energy storage system, comprising the following steps: S1. Obtain data information of the target power system; S2. Constructing a candidate electrochemical energy storage solution and an electrochemical energy storage selection evaluation system based on the data information obtained in step S1; S3. Use the analytic hierarchy process and entropy weight method to calculate the index weights of the candidate electrochemical energy storage solutions in the electrochemical energy storage selection evaluation system; S4. Calculate the evaluation results of the candidate electrochemical energy storage solutions according to the indicator weights obtained in step S3; S5. According to the evaluation result obtained in step S4, the electrochemical energy storage of the target power system is selected.

2. The method for selecting electrochemical energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that The step S2 of constructing a candidate electrochemical energy storage solution specifically includes the following steps: The electrochemical energy storage types are set to include N single battery energy storage solutions; the single battery energy storage solutions include lithium-ion battery energy storage solutions, all-vanadium liquid flow battery energy storage solutions, sodium-sulfur battery energy storage solutions, and lead-acid battery energy storage solutions; Constructing an electrochemical energy storage scheme: among N single-battery energy storage schemes, arbitrarily select one single-battery energy storage scheme as a candidate electrochemical energy storage scheme; among N single-battery energy storage schemes, arbitrarily select two single-battery energy storage schemes to combine as candidate electrochemical energy storage schemes; Finally, the candidate electrochemical energy storage solutions obtained include A solution.

3. The method for selecting electrochemical energy storage according to claim 2, characterized in that The construction of the electrochemical energy storage selection and evaluation system described in step S2 specifically includes the following steps: The constructed electrochemical energy storage selection and evaluation system includes the target layer, criterion layer, indicator layer and scheme layer; The target layer is the optimal electrochemical energy storage selection scheme finally obtained; The criteria layer is the first-level indicators: including economic indicators, performance indicators, safety indicators and environmental indicators; The indicator layer is a secondary indicator: the secondary indicators under the economic indicators include the primary investment cost indicator, the operation and maintenance cost indicator, and the energy storage replacement cost indicator; the secondary indicators under the performance indicators include the energy density indicator, the power density indicator, the cycle life indicator, the self-discharge rate indicator, the response speed indicator, the charge and discharge rate indicator, and the discharge depth indicator; the secondary indicators under the safety indicators include the charge and discharge temperature indicator, the voltage stability rate indicator, and the current stability rate indicator; the secondary indicators under the environmental indicators include the battery recovery rate indicator, the floor area indicator, and the comprehensive energy consumption per unit output value indicator; The solution layer is the candidate electrochemical energy storage solutions.

4. The method for selecting electrochemical energy storage according to claim 3, characterized in that The step S3 uses the analytic hierarchy process and the entropy weight method to calculate the index weights of the candidate electrochemical energy storage solutions in the electrochemical energy storage selection evaluation system, which specifically includes the following steps: The analytic hierarchy process is used to calculate the first indicator weight of each indicator in the criterion layer; The entropy weight method is used to calculate the second indicator weight of each indicator in the indicator layer; According to the obtained first indicator weight and second indicator weight, the indicator weight of the candidate electrochemical energy storage scheme in the electrochemical energy storage selection evaluation system is calculated.

5. The method for selecting electrochemical energy storage according to claim 4, characterized in that The method of using the hierarchical analysis method to calculate the first indicator weight of each indicator in the criterion layer specifically includes the following steps: Construct judgment matrix A: Judgment matrix A is a 4×4 matrix, where element a ij Indicates the importance of the i-th indicator to the j-th indicator in the criterion layer; the values ​​of i and j are both 1 to 4, where the first indicator is the economic indicator, the second indicator is the performance indicator, the third indicator is the safety indicator, and the fourth indicator is the environmental indicator; Finally, the constructed judgment matrix A is The sum-product method or the square root method is used to solve the first indicator weight of each indicator in the criterion layer according to the judgment matrix A; wherein the weight of the economic indicator is B1, the weight of the performance indicator is C1, the weight of the safety indicator is D1, and the weight of the environmental indicator is E1, and B1+C1+D1+E1=1; Verify the validity of the obtained first indicator weight: Solve the consistency index CI as where λ max is the maximum eigenvalue of the judgment matrix A, b is the order of the judgment matrix A; The solution consistency rate CR is Among them, RI is the degree of freedom index, and the value selection rule is: if the order of the judgment matrix A is 1 or 2, RI = 0, if the order of the judgment matrix A is 3, RI = 0.58, if the order of the judgment matrix A is 4, RI = 0.9, if the order of the judgment matrix A is 5, RI = 1.12, if the order of the judgment matrix A is 6, RI = 1.24, if the order of the judgment matrix A is 7, RI = 1.32, if the order of the judgment matrix A is 8, RI = 1.41, if the order of the judgment matrix A is 9, RI = 1.45; Verify the validity: If the consistency rate CR is less than the set threshold, the first indicator weight obtained is valid; otherwise, the judgment matrix is ​​re-evaluated and adjusted.

6. The method for selecting electrochemical energy storage according to claim 5, characterized in that The entropy weight method is used to calculate the second indicator weight of each indicator in the indicator layer, which specifically includes the following steps: For the kth first-level indicator, establish the original data matrix X of its subordinate second-level indicators k for in is the normalized value of the jth secondary indicator under the kth primary indicator of the i-th candidate electrochemical energy storage solution. If the jth secondary indicator is a positive indicator, then If the jth secondary indicator is a negative indicator, is the index value of the jth secondary index under the kth primary index of the i-th candidate electrochemical energy storage solution, is the minimum value of the jth secondary indicator under the kth primary indicator, is the maximum value of the jth secondary indicator under the kth primary indicator. A positive indicator is defined as an indicator with a larger value and better performance, and a negative indicator is defined as an indicator with a larger value and worse performance. Calculate the proportion of the jth secondary indicator under the kth primary indicator of the i-th candidate electrochemical energy storage solution to the kth primary indicator for Calculate the entropy value of the jth secondary indicator of the kth primary indicator for At the same time, if but Finally, the weight value of the jth secondary indicator of the kth primary indicator to the kth primary indicator is calculated. for 7. The method for selecting electrochemical energy storage according to claim 6, characterized in that The step of calculating the index weight of the candidate electrochemical energy storage solution in the electrochemical energy storage selection evaluation system according to the obtained first index weight and second index weight specifically includes the following steps: According to the obtained first indicator weight and second indicator weight, the indicator weight AA of the indicator layer with respect to the target layer is calculated. k for And AA k As the indicator weight of candidate electrochemical energy storage solutions in the electrochemical energy storage selection evaluation system; Among them, when k=1, the value of W1 is B1, when k=2, the value of W1 is C1, when k=3, the value of W1 is D1, and when k=4, the value of W1 is E1.

8. The method for selecting electrochemical energy storage according to claim 7, characterized in that The step S4 of calculating the evaluation results of the candidate electrochemical energy storage solutions according to the indicator weights obtained in step S3 specifically includes the following steps: Obtaining the index values ​​of each secondary index of the candidate electrochemical energy storage solution; Regarding economic indicators: For the one-time investment cost indicator: sort from small to large; the indicator value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1); Operation and maintenance cost index: Sort by small to large; the index value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1); Energy storage replacement cost index; sorted from small to large; the index value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1); Regarding performance indicators: For the energy density index: sort from large to small; the index value of the scheme ranked nth is 50-2(n-1); For the power density index: sort from large to small; the index value of the scheme ranked nth is 50-2(n-1); For the cycle life index: sort from large to small; the index value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1); For the self-discharge rate index: sort from small to large; the index value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1); For the response speed index: sort from largest to smallest; the index value of the solution ranked nth is 100-5(n-1); For the charge and discharge rate index: sort from large to small; the index value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1); For the discharge depth index: sort from large to small; the index value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1); Regarding security indicators: For the charging and discharging temperature index: sort from small to large; the index value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1); For the voltage stability index: sort from small to large; the index value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1); For the current stability index: sort from large to small; the index value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1); Regarding environmental indicators: For the battery recycling rate indicator: sort from large to small; the indicator value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1); For the area index: sort from small to large; The index value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1); For the comprehensive energy consumption index per unit output value: sort from small to large; The index value of the scheme ranked nth is 100-5(n-1); Finally, the evaluation result S of the i-th candidate electrochemical energy storage solution is calculated. i for in It is the index value of the jth secondary index of the kth primary index of the i-th candidate electrochemical energy storage solution.

9. The method for selecting electrochemical energy storage according to claim 8, characterized in that The step S5 described in which the electrochemical energy storage of the target power system is selected according to the evaluation result obtained in step S4 specifically includes the following steps: According to the evaluation result obtained in step S4, the candidate electrochemical energy storage solution with the highest evaluation result is selected as the final selection result of the electrochemical energy storage of the target power system.

10. A system for implementing the electrochemical energy storage selection method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that It includes a data acquisition module, a construction module, a weight calculation module, an evaluation calculation module and an energy storage selection module; the data acquisition module, the construction module, the weight calculation module, the evaluation calculation module and the energy storage selection module are connected in series in sequence; the data acquisition module is used to acquire data information of the target power system and upload the data information to the construction module; The construction module is used to construct candidate electrochemical energy storage solutions and an electrochemical energy storage selection evaluation system based on the received data information, and upload the data information to the weight calculation module; The weight calculation module is used to calculate the index weights of the candidate electrochemical energy storage schemes in the electrochemical energy storage selection evaluation system according to the received data information by using the hierarchical analysis method and the entropy weight method, and upload the data information to the evaluation calculation module; The evaluation calculation module is used to calculate the evaluation results of the candidate electrochemical energy storage solutions according to the received data information and the obtained indicator weights, and upload the data information to the energy storage selection module; The energy storage selection module is used to complete the selection of electrochemical energy storage for the target power system based on the received data information and the obtained evaluation results.

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