Formation unit deposition rate determination method and related method and device

Abstract

The invention provides a stratigraphic unit deposition rate determination method and a related method and device. The stratigraphic unit deposition rate determination method comprises the following steps: acquiring multiple groups of slice data including rock cores and outcrops in a research area; performing image processing on the multiple groups of slice data including the rock core and the outcrop, and determining microscopic thickness data of the rich organic matter dual unit corresponding to each group of slice data; obtaining logging information of the research area, calibrating the logging information by using the multiple groups of slice information including the rock core and the outcrop, and determining the stratum unit thickness of a development layer section of the organic matter-rich dual unit in a preset geological historical process of the research area; and according to the microscopic thickness data of the organic matter-rich dual unit corresponding to the development layer section, determining the stratigraphic unit deposition rate. By applying the organic-matter-rich dual unit to calculate the lake-facies carbonate rock deposition rate of the continental facies salinized lake, the calculation accuracy of the short-period and ultra-short-period carbonate rock deposition rate can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the research field of sedimentary environment and sedimentary phase of continental lake basin, and in particular to a method for determining the sedimentation rate of a stratigraphic unit and related methods and devices. Background Art

[0002] Carbonate rocks have a complex origin. Although carbonate rocks of different sedimentary structures and structural types are developed under the combined influence of multiple factors such as climate, ecological environment, lake hydrological conditions and tectonic movement, many carbonate rocks show rhythmic sedimentary characteristics. Stromatolites are a typical type of carbonate rock. It is generally believed that the alternating laminae within stromatolites represent the growth rhythm of microbial communities. The dark laminae are organic mudstones, and the light laminae are terrigenous clastic minerals such as quartz and feldspar (Qu Yuangao, Jie Guwei, Gong Yiming. Earth-Sun-Moon Relationship 1 Billion Years Ago: Evidence from Stromatolites [J]. Science Bulletin, 2004, 49(20): 7. DOI: 10.3321 / j.issn:0023-074X.2004.20.012.). Aquatic plants are affected by the difference in photosynthesis intensity between day and night, which controls the formation of light and dark layers of stromatolites (Vanyo, JP, & Awramik, SM. (1985). Stromatolites and earth-sun-moon dynamics. Precambrian Research, 29 (1), 121-142.). The rhythmic structure of stromatolites is closely related to periodic seasonal changes. For terrestrial saline lake basins, in summer and autumn, there is abundant rainfall, warm and humid climate, and a large amount of fresh water is injected into the salt lake, bringing rich nutrients, promoting the rapid growth of benthic microorganisms such as blue-green algae or cyanobacteria, and developing stromatolites, forming stromatolite light layers; in winter and spring, the climate is cold and dry, the amount of fresh water injection is greatly reduced, and the deposition is dominated by chemical reactions, and stromatolites mainly develop dark layers. The thickness of stromatolites changes periodically with monthly and seasonal rhythms. During the year, the sun moves between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn, controlling the formation of S-shaped stromatolites. Summary of the invention

[0003] Considering that it is difficult to determine the sedimentation rate of lacustrine carbonate rocks in continental saline lakes, especially the low accuracy of calculating short-period and ultra-short-period sedimentation rates, the present invention provides a method for determining the sedimentation rate of stratigraphic units and related methods and devices.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution proposed by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for determining a stratigraphic unit sedimentation rate, comprising:

[0006] Obtain multiple sets of thin-section data including cores and outcrops in the study area;

[0007] Performing image processing on the plurality of sets of thin-section data including cores and outcrops to determine the microscopic thickness data of the organic-rich dual unit corresponding to each set of thin-section data;

[0008] Acquire the well logging data of the study area, and use the multiple sets of thin section data including cores and outcrops to calibrate the well logging data, and determine the stratigraphic unit thickness of the development layer section of the organic-rich dual unit in the preset geological history process of the study area;

[0009] The sedimentation rate of the stratigraphic unit is determined based on the microscopic thickness data of the organic-rich dual unit corresponding to the developed layer interval.

[0010] In one or some optional embodiments, determining the stratigraphic unit deposition rate according to the microscopic thickness data of the organic-rich dual unit corresponding to the development interval includes:

[0011] According to the microscopic thickness data of the organic-rich dual unit corresponding to the developed layer section, the microscopic thickness of the stratigraphic unit is obtained;

[0012] According to the microscopic thickness of the stratigraphic unit and the formation time of the organic matter dual unit of the stratigraphic unit, the sedimentation rate of the stratigraphic unit is calculated based on the following formula 1:

[0013]

[0014] Wherein, υ is the annual sedimentation rate, in μm / a; d is the microscopic thickness of the organic-rich dual unit, in μm; and t is the formation time of the organic-rich dual unit.

[0015] In one or some optional embodiments, obtaining the microscopic thickness of the stratigraphic unit according to the microscopic thickness data of the organic-rich dual unit corresponding to the development interval includes:

[0016] The microscopic thickness of each organic-rich dual unit corresponding to the development interval is added up to obtain the microscopic thickness of the stratigraphic unit.

[0017] In one or some optional embodiments, the step of obtaining multiple sets of thin-section data including cores and outcrops in the study area includes:

[0018] Core and outcrop samples were collected from multiple locations in the semi-deep lake to deep lake sedimentary environment of the study area to obtain the multiple sets of thin section data including cores and outcrops.

[0019] In one or some optional embodiments, the image processing of the plurality of sets of thin section data including cores and outcrops to determine the microscopic thickness data of the organic-rich dual unit in the study area includes:

[0020] Performing image digitization processing on each of the plurality of sets of thin-section data including cores and outcrops, and performing image processing to obtain a thin-section image;

[0021] Count each slice image to determine the number and time period of organic-rich dual units therein;

[0022] The number and time period of the organic-rich dual units corresponding to all thin-section images are counted to obtain the microscopic thickness data of the organic-rich dual units in the study area.

[0023] In one or some optional embodiments, the microscopic thickness of the organic-rich dual unit in all time periods is counted to obtain the microscopic thickness data of the organic-rich dual unit in the study area, including:

[0024] The normal probability statistics of the microscopic thickness of the organic-rich dual unit in all time periods are performed to determine the normal probability distribution interval of the organic-rich dual unit in the study area.

[0025] In one or some optional embodiments, the well logging data of the study area is obtained by:

[0026] Imaging logging is performed on the study area to obtain imaging logging data.

[0027] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for predicting the sedimentary history of a stratigraphic unit, comprising:

[0028] Obtaining the stratigraphic unit deposition rate obtained according to the stratigraphic unit deposition rate determination method described above;

[0029] The sedimentation history of the stratigraphic unit is predicted based on the sedimentation rate of the stratigraphic unit and the corresponding stratigraphic unit thickness.

[0030] In one or some optional embodiments, predicting the sedimentary history of the stratigraphic unit according to the sedimentary rate of the stratigraphic unit and the corresponding stratigraphic unit thickness includes:

[0031] According to the deposition rate of the stratigraphic unit and the corresponding stratigraphic unit thickness, the deposition history of the stratigraphic unit is predicted based on the following formula 2:

[0032]

[0033] Among them, T is the sedimentary history of the stratigraphic unit; D is the thickness of the stratigraphic unit; υ is the annual sedimentation rate of the stratigraphic unit.

[0034] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for determining a stratigraphic unit deposition rate, comprising:

[0035] The acquisition module is used to obtain multiple sets of thin-section data including cores and outcrops in the study area;

[0036] A processing module, used for performing image processing on the plurality of sets of thin-section data including cores and outcrops, and determining microscopic thickness data of organic-rich dual units corresponding to each set of thin-section data;

[0037] The first determination module is used to obtain the well logging data of the study area, and calibrate the well logging data using the multiple sets of thin section data including cores and outcrops to determine the stratigraphic unit thickness of the development layer section of the organic-rich dual unit in the preset geological history process of the study area;

[0038] The second determination module is used to determine the stratigraphic unit deposition rate according to the microscopic thickness data of the organic-rich dual unit corresponding to the developmental layer segment.

[0039] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for predicting the sedimentary history of a stratigraphic unit, comprising:

[0040] The acquisition module is used to obtain multiple sets of thin-section data including cores and outcrops in the study area;

[0041] A processing module, used for performing image processing on the plurality of sets of thin-section data including cores and outcrops, and determining microscopic thickness data of organic-rich dual units corresponding to each set of thin-section data;

[0042] The first determination module is used to obtain the well logging data of the study area, and calibrate the well logging data using the multiple sets of thin section data including cores and outcrops to determine the stratigraphic unit thickness of the development layer section of the organic-rich dual unit in the preset geological history process of the study area;

[0043] The second determination module is used to determine the sedimentation rate of the stratigraphic unit according to the microscopic thickness data of the organic-rich dual unit corresponding to the development layer section;

[0044] The prediction module is used to determine the sedimentation history of the stratigraphic unit according to the sedimentation rate of the stratigraphic unit and the corresponding stratigraphic unit thickness.

[0045] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which instructions are stored. When the instructions are executed on a terminal, the terminal executes the method for determining the stratigraphic unit deposition rate as described above, and / or the method for predicting the stratigraphic unit deposition history as described above.

[0046] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, the method for determining the stratigraphic unit sedimentation rate as described above and / or the method for predicting the stratigraphic unit sedimentation history as described above are implemented.

[0047] In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer program product comprising instructions, which, when executed on a computer device, enables the computer device to execute the method for determining the stratigraphic unit deposition rate as described above, and / or the method for predicting the stratigraphic unit deposition history as described above.

[0048] In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a chip, the chip comprising a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface and the processor are coupled, and the processor is used to run a computer program or instructions to implement the method for determining the stratigraphic unit sedimentation rate as described above, and / or the method for predicting the stratigraphic unit sedimentation history as described above.

[0049] Based on the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are as follows:

[0050] The method for determining the sedimentation rate of a stratigraphic unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention performs image processing on a large number of thin-section data including cores and outcrops in the study area, determines the microscopic thickness data of the organic-rich dual unit corresponding to each set of thin-section data, and then determines the stratigraphic unit thickness of the development layer section of the organic-rich dual unit in the preset geological history of the study area, and determines the stratigraphic unit sedimentation rate. In view of the sedimentological significance of the organic-rich dual unit, a quantitative calculation method for the sedimentation rate of the stratigraphic unit in the geological age process is constructed by utilizing the influence of the annual seasonal control factor on the organic-rich dual unit. The method is suitable for determining the sedimentation rate of lacustrine carbonate rocks in continental saline lakes, improves the accuracy of calculating the sedimentation rate of lacustrine carbonate rocks in short-period and ultra-short-period continental saline lakes, and can calculate the sedimentation rate of the semi-deep lake-deep lake phase of the saline lake in the geological age process and restore the sedimentation history, and can also lay a good foundation for restoring paleo-geomorphology, analyzing paleoclimate, and studying the evolution of prototype basins.

[0051] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention are realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the description, claims and drawings.

[0052] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0054] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the microstructure of an organic-rich dual unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 2 A schematic flow chart of a method for determining a stratigraphic unit sedimentation rate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a process flow of a method for predicting the sedimentary history of a stratigraphic unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 4 A schematic flow chart of a method for determining a stratigraphic unit sedimentation rate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 5 A normal probability interval diagram of the thickness distribution interval of the dual unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a sedimentary chronology model of an organic-rich dual unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a stratigraphic unit deposition history prediction device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] In the following description, specific details such as specific system structures, technologies, etc. are provided for the purpose of illustration rather than limitation, so as to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present application. However, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that the present application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other cases, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted to prevent unnecessary details from obstructing the description of the present application.

[0062] It should be understood that when used in the present specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of described features, wholes, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0063] It should also be understood that the term “and / or” used in the specification and appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes these combinations.

[0064] As used in the specification and appended claims of this application, the term "if" can be interpreted as "when" or "uponce" or "in response to determining" or "in response to detecting", depending on the context. Similarly, the phrase "if it is determined" or "if [described condition or event] is detected" can be interpreted as meaning "uponce it is determined" or "in response to determining" or "uponce [described condition or event] is detected" or "in response to detecting [described condition or event]", depending on the context.

[0065] In addition, in the description of the present application specification and the appended claims, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0066] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" etc. described in the specification of this application mean that one or more embodiments of the present application include specific features, structures or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment. Therefore, the statements "in one embodiment", "in some embodiments", "in some other embodiments", "in some other embodiments", etc. that appear in different places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but mean "one or more but not all embodiments", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in other ways. The terms "including", "comprising", "having" and their variations all mean "including but not limited to", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in other ways.

[0067] It should be understood that the size of the serial numbers of the steps in the following embodiments does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0068] In order to illustrate the technical solution of the present application, a specific embodiment is provided below for illustration.

[0069] CaCO in lake water 3Theoretically, precipitation can occur as long as it is supersaturated (Yi Haisheng. Geochemical characteristics of rare earth elements in the Oligocene-Miocene lacustrine carbonate rocks in the Tuotuo River Basin, Tibet Plateau and a preliminary study on the origin of the positive europium anomaly [J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2008, 26(1):10. DOI:CNKI:SUN:CJXB.0.2008-01-000.). This is the coupling of the two key factors of "alkalinity engine" and "extracellular polymeric substances (EPS)", which promotes the in situ precipitation of carbonate minerals (Dupraz C, Reid RP, Braissant O, et al. Processes of carbonate precipitation in modern microbialmats [J]. Earth Science Reviews, 2009,

[0070] 96(3):141-162.DOI:10.1016 / j.earscirev.2008.10.005.). The alkalinity engine effectively changes the mineralization saturation index, while microbial metabolism promotes the precipitation of carbonate minerals.

[0071] The semi-deep lakes and deep lakes of continental saline lakes mainly develop lacustrine carbonate rocks, which are mainly thin layers and laminae. The inventors discovered an organic-rich dual unit in the deep water area of ​​continental saline lakes. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this unit is composed mainly of carbonate rock and organic-rich mudstone laminae, showing a stratigraphic unit with rhythmic sedimentary characteristics, and its sedimentation is controlled by biological, chemical and mechanical effects. The organic-rich dual units are continuously superimposed to form the sedimentary main body of lacustrine carbonate rocks in continental saline lakes. This type of reservoir has important oil and gas exploration value. Among them, the micrite limestone (mainly dolomite) of the organic-rich dual unit can be used as a high-quality reservoir for oil and gas reservoirs; and the organic-rich mudstone rich in grape algae and quercetin can be used as a high-quality source rock. Therefore, the organic-rich dual unit dominated by reservoir and source rock alternating laminae can not only indicate the important development interval of the oil and gas "sweet spot" in the source, but also further analyze the sedimentation rate and age.

[0072] The formation of organic-rich dual unit laminae is related to the changes in the hydrological conditions of rivers and lakes. Rivers carry a large amount of clay, terrigenous fine-grained debris and other minerals, providing nutrients for salinized lakes and promoting the prosperity of microorganisms such as grape algae. At the same time, the injection of fresh water and seasonal climate change can change the mineralization of lakes, causing the death of algae and other plankton in large numbers and forming organic-rich laminae. Laminated calcareous siltstones are also developed in large quantities in deep water areas of continental saline lake basins, mainly by rivers carrying fine-grained debris to form suspended clouds and transported to deep water areas, where they are deposited to form calcareous laminar siltstones. A large amount of organic matter is associated with calcareous siltstone laminae, indicating that it is closely related to the deposition of grape algae and suspected organic matter, especially event deposition such as floods, which forms a large amount of terrigenous debris deposits and develops more organic matter deposits.

[0073] Organic-rich dual units are preserved in anaerobic environments in deep water areas at the bottom of lakes. They can be effectively deposited and preserved due to the lack of bioturbation. The formation of this type of sediment is closely related to the chemical action of highly mineralized particles due to carbonate rocks, and the induction of microorganisms is also important. The formation of this type of dual unit sediment is closely related to the chemical action of highly mineralized particles and the induction of microorganisms. Organic-rich dual units have obvious dual sedimentary rhythms, which are of great significance to chronological sedimentological analysis and can be used to restore sedimentary geological history.

[0074] In view of the sedimentological significance of organic-rich dual units, the inventors have made the present invention after further research and development, providing a method for determining the sedimentation rate of stratigraphic units based on organic-rich dual units, a method, device, equipment and medium for predicting the sedimentation history of stratigraphic units.

[0075] The present invention provides a method for determining the sedimentation rate of a stratigraphic unit, referring to Figure 2 As shown, the method includes:

[0076] S101: Obtain multiple sets of thin-section data including cores and outcrops in the study area;

[0077] The above step S101 can specifically obtain multiple sets of thin section data including cores and outcrops in the study area in the following manner: core and outcrop samples are collected from multiple locations in the semi-deep lake to deep lake sedimentary environment of the study area to obtain the multiple sets of thin section data including cores and outcrops.

[0078] In the embodiment of the present invention, a large amount of geological information can be obtained by collecting cores, but the collection of cores is often limited by conditions such as on-site construction and cost, and the outcrops are exposed on the surface, which makes the collection of samples more convenient. The thin section data of the collected samples can be used to analyze the local geological characteristics more finely, and it can provide detailed information on minerals, structures, compositions and textures, which can be used to study related issues such as sedimentary evolution.

[0079] S102: performing image processing on the plurality of sets of thin-section data including cores and outcrops to determine microscopic thickness data of the organic-rich dual unit corresponding to each set of thin-section data;

[0080] In the above step S102, image processing is performed on the plurality of sets of thin section data including cores and outcrops to determine the microscopic thickness data of the organic-rich dual unit in the study area, specifically including:

[0081] Performing image digitization processing on each of the plurality of sets of thin-section data including cores and outcrops, and performing image processing to obtain a thin-section image;

[0082] Count each slice image to determine the number and time period of organic-rich dual units therein;

[0083] The number and time period of the organic-rich dual units corresponding to all thin-section images are counted to obtain the microscopic thickness data of the organic-rich dual units in the study area.

[0084] The above statistics of the microscopic thickness of the organic-rich dual unit in all time periods obtains the microscopic thickness data of the organic-rich dual unit in the study area, which specifically includes:

[0085] The normal probability statistics of the microscopic thickness of the organic-rich dual unit in all time periods are performed to determine the normal probability distribution interval of the organic-rich dual unit in the study area.

[0086] In the embodiment of the present invention, through image processing, noise and clutter signals in the image can be eliminated, and microscopic thickness information can be extracted while maintaining symmetry or duality. The specific image processing process can refer to the detailed description of the prior art and will not be repeated here.

[0087] The inventors found that sediments in semi-deep lake to deep lake sedimentary environments usually show periodic changes, the most prominent of which is symmetry or duality, which is caused by periodic changes in environmental conditions. By analyzing the symmetry or duality in the sedimentary environment, we can understand the laws and characteristics of environmental periodic changes, which is of great significance to the reconstruction of paleohistory. The characteristics of duality are usually manifested as changes in microscopic thickness patterns, and these changes are often reflected in thin section data. This study used a large number of thin section data samples from multiple locations in semi-deep lake to deep lake sedimentary environments as data sources to determine the microscopic thickness data of organic-rich dual units in the semi-deep lake to deep lake sedimentary environments of terrestrial saline basins.

[0088] S103: acquiring well logging data of the study area, and calibrating the well logging data using the multiple sets of thin section data including cores and outcrops, to determine the stratigraphic unit thickness of the development layer section of the organic-rich dual unit in the preset geological history process of the study area;

[0089] The inventors found that the semi-deep lake to deep lake sedimentary environment of the continental saline basin mainly develops lacustrine carbonate rocks. When using conventional logging to identify lacustrine carbonate rocks, multiple curves are generally considered comprehensively. Due to the diverse rock types and complex reservoir types of lacustrine carbonate rocks, different types of reservoirs show different types of logging curve response characteristics. For example, dual lateral logging of fractured reservoirs generally has relatively obvious response characteristics, and the difference in deep and shallow resistivity values ​​can reflect the occurrence of reservoir fractures to a certain extent. For example, the deep and shallow lateral resistivity values ​​of low-angle fractures generally show "negative anomalies", while for high-angle fractures, the deep and shallow lateral resistivity values ​​show "positive anomalies". The three porosity curves of vug-type carbonate rocks generally have a certain response, among which the density curve is the most sensitive. The resistivity curve is significantly reduced relative to the dense surrounding rock, but there is no obvious difference in deep and shallow resistivity.

[0090] At the same time, because lacustrine carbonate rocks have mixed sedimentary characteristics, complex rock structure and composition, and continuous sedimentary strata that are not affected by faults and caves, conventional logging often has difficulty in accurately identifying lithological characteristics and sedimentary structures. However, imaging logging, due to its high precision and high resolution, can obtain borehole wall images similar to core photos. In addition to clearly identifying cracks and pores on the borehole wall, the occurrence of continuous sedimentary strata can also be distinguished on the imaging map. Therefore,

[0091] Based on this, the inventors proposed to obtain high-precision imaging logging data by performing imaging logging on the study area, and use the core and thin section data of the dual unit as the logging data of the study area, and directly use the core and thin section data of the dual unit to calibrate the logging data. After calibration, the high-precision imaging data can be used to identify the development layer segments of the organic-rich dual unit, and further count the stratigraphic unit thickness (thickness unit is measured in μm) of the true strata of the development layer segments of the organic-rich dual unit in a certain geological history process.

[0092] S104: Determine the stratigraphic unit deposition rate according to the microscopic thickness data of the organic-rich dual unit corresponding to the developmental interval.

[0093] In the above step S104, the sedimentation rate of the stratigraphic unit is determined according to the microscopic thickness data of the organic-rich dual unit corresponding to the developed layer section, which specifically includes:

[0094] According to the microscopic thickness data of the organic-rich dual unit corresponding to the developed layer section, the microscopic thickness of the stratigraphic unit is obtained;

[0095] According to the microscopic thickness of the stratigraphic unit and the formation time of the organic matter dual unit of the stratigraphic unit, the deposition rate of the stratigraphic unit is calculated based on the following formula 1:

[0096]

[0097] Among them, υ is the annual sedimentation rate, in μm / a; d is the microscopic thickness of the organic-rich dual unit, in μm; t is the formation time of the organic-rich dual unit, in a (1 year), that is, the organic-rich dual unit formed every year.

[0098] The microscopic thickness data of the organic-rich dual unit corresponding to the development interval is used to obtain the microscopic thickness of the stratigraphic unit, which specifically includes:

[0099] The microscopic thickness of each organic-rich dual unit corresponding to the development interval is added to obtain the microscopic thickness of the stratigraphic unit, that is, d=∑di, where d is the microscopic thickness of the organic-rich dual unit, in μm, and di is the microscopic thickness of a single organic-rich dual unit, in μm.

[0100] The sedimentation rate of sediments is of great significance for the study of sedimentary history and is mainly used to study the geological evolution process. The present invention introduces the concept of annual sedimentation rate prediction factor, which is related to the sedimentation thickness and year, that is, the sedimentation thickness of one year, in μm / a. The dual unit in the deep water area of ​​the continental saline lake basin has an obvious periodic growth rhythm. Preliminary analysis shows that it is closely related to periodic seasonal changes. In summer and autumn, the rainfall is abundant, the climate is warm and humid, and a large amount of fresh water is injected into the salt lake, bringing rich nutrients, promoting the large-scale reproduction of aquatic plants, and algae and other microorganisms in the surface waters of the deep water area grow explosively, and mix with terrigenous fine-grained debris to form organic-rich mudstone. In winter and spring, the climate is cold and dry, the amount of fresh water injection is greatly reduced, aquatic plants die or grow slowly, salt lake deposition is dominated by chemical reactions, and marl strata are developed in deep water areas. Therefore, the thickness of a dual unit can basically represent the annual sedimentation thickness.

[0101] The method for determining the sedimentation rate of a stratigraphic unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention performs image processing on a large number of thin-section data including cores and outcrops in the study area, determines the microscopic thickness data of the organic-rich dual unit corresponding to each set of thin-section data, and then determines the stratigraphic unit thickness of the development layer section of the organic-rich dual unit in the preset geological history of the study area, and determines the stratigraphic unit sedimentation rate. In view of the sedimentological significance of the organic-rich dual unit, a quantitative calculation method for the sedimentation rate of the stratigraphic unit in the geological age process is constructed by utilizing the influence of the annual seasonal control factor on the organic-rich dual unit. The method is suitable for determining the sedimentation rate of lacustrine carbonate rocks in continental saline lakes, improves the accuracy of calculating the sedimentation rate of lacustrine carbonate rocks in short-period and ultra-short-period continental saline lakes, and can calculate the sedimentation rate of the semi-deep lake-deep lake phase of the saline lake in the geological age process and restore the sedimentation history, and can also lay a good foundation for restoring paleo-geomorphology, analyzing paleoclimate, and studying the evolution of prototype basins.

[0102] Embodiment 2

[0103] The inventors have discovered that lake-facies carbonate rocks dominated by organic-rich dual units have both important exploration value and important sedimentary chronological significance. The formation of a single organic-rich dual unit is controlled by seasonal climate, with organic-rich laminae formed in summer and autumn and carbonate-rich laminae formed in winter and spring. A series of organic-rich dual units are accumulated to form a typical sedimentary type of deep-water microbial rock, accompanied by a large amount of pyrite, gypsum lumps, and laminar calcareous siltstone, etc., forming an anti-cyclic sedimentary sequence. By analyzing its sedimentation rate, its sedimentary age can be accurately determined, and then the sedimentary history of the stratigraphic unit can be accurately restored. Based on this, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for predicting the sedimentary history of a stratigraphic unit.

[0104] The present invention provides a method for predicting the sedimentary history of a stratigraphic unit. Figure 3 As shown, the method includes:

[0105] S101: Obtain multiple sets of thin-section data including cores and outcrops in the study area;

[0106] S102: performing image processing on the plurality of sets of thin-section data including cores and outcrops to determine microscopic thickness data of the organic-rich dual unit corresponding to each set of thin-section data;

[0107] S103: acquiring well logging data of the study area, and calibrating the well logging data using the multiple sets of thin section data including cores and outcrops, to determine the stratigraphic unit thickness of the development layer section of the organic-rich dual unit in the preset geological history process of the study area;

[0108] S104: Determine the stratigraphic unit deposition rate according to the microscopic thickness data of the organic-rich dual unit corresponding to the developmental interval.

[0109] S105: Predicting the sedimentation history of the stratigraphic unit according to the sedimentation rate of the stratigraphic unit and the corresponding stratigraphic unit thickness.

[0110] In the above step S105, predicting the sedimentary history of the stratigraphic unit according to the sedimentary rate of the stratigraphic unit and the corresponding stratigraphic unit thickness specifically includes:

[0111] According to the deposition rate of the stratigraphic unit and the corresponding stratigraphic unit thickness, the deposition history of the stratigraphic unit is predicted based on the following formula 2:

[0112]

[0113] Wherein, T is the sedimentary history of the stratigraphic unit, in Ma; D is the thickness of the stratigraphic unit, in m; υ is the annual sedimentation rate, in μm / a.

[0114] The specific implementation process of step S101 to step S104 in the embodiment of the present invention can refer to the detailed description of the method for determining the sedimentation rate of the stratigraphic unit in the above embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0115] In order to make a clearer description of the stratigraphic unit sedimentary history prediction method provided by the embodiment of the present invention and verify the effectiveness of the method, the following takes the sedimentation rate determination and sedimentary history prediction process of the upper section of the Xiaganchaigou Formation in the Qaidam Basin as an example to introduce the embodiment of the present invention in detail as follows:

[0116] First, a large number of core and outcrop thin section data of the Lower Ganchaigou Formation of the Paleogene in the Qaidam Basin were obtained;

[0117] Next, the image processing of the large amount of thin section data was performed, and the normal probability distribution interval of the thickness of the organic-rich dual unit was obtained, as shown in Table 1 and Figure 4 shown.

[0118] Next, according to the main peak distribution calculation of the statistical thickness of the organic-rich dual unit, the annual sedimentation rate distribution range of the organic-rich dual unit is calculated to be 50-1200 μm / a, among which the main peak distribution range is 200 μm-1000 μm / a.

[0119] Finally, refer to Figure 5 As shown, imaging logging data of the Lower Ganchaigou Formation of the Paleogene in the Qaidam Basin were obtained, and the logging data were calibrated using the multiple sets of thin section data including cores and outcrops to determine the stratigraphic unit thickness of the developmental layer sections of the organic-rich dual units in the preset geological history of the study area, and to restore the stratigraphic unit depositional history.

[0120] Depend on Figure 5It can be seen that the sedimentary geological period of the Lower Ganchaigou Formation of the Paleogene in the Qaidam Basin is 2.3Ma (42.8-40.5Ma), with a maximum sedimentary thickness of about 2,700 meters; the sedimentary period of each section (divided into upper, middle and lower sections) is about 0.3-0.8Ma, and the sedimentary thickness is about several hundred meters; the sedimentary period of each parasequence group is about thousands of years. The parasequence group is a group of parasequence sequences with clear superposition patterns and genetic connections. In sedimentary research, the superposition of parasequences can be divided into three types of parasequence groups: progradation, retrogradation and aggradation. The sedimentary period of each set of thin-section organic-rich dual units is about several years. For example, according to the frequency of 12, the annual sedimentation rate is between 50-100μm / a.

[0121] The method for predicting the sedimentary history of stratigraphic units provided in the embodiment of the present invention performs image processing on a large number of thin-section data including cores and outcrops in the study area, determines the microscopic thickness data of the organic-rich dual unit corresponding to each set of thin-section data, and then determines the stratigraphic unit thickness of the development layer section of the organic-rich dual unit in the preset geological history process of the study area, determines the stratigraphic unit deposition rate, and then obtains the stratigraphic unit deposition history. In view of the sedimentological significance of the organic-rich dual unit, a method for predicting the sedimentary history of stratigraphic units in the geological age process is constructed by utilizing the influence of the annual seasonal control factors on the organic-rich dual unit. The method is suitable for determining the sedimentary history of lacustrine carbonate rocks in continental saline lakes, improves the prediction accuracy of the sedimentary history of lacustrine carbonate rocks in short-period and ultra-short-period continental saline lakes, and can not only calculate the restored sedimentary history of the semi-deep lake-deep lake phase of the saline lake in the geological age process, but also lay a good foundation for restoring paleo-geomorphology, analyzing paleoclimate, and studying the evolution of prototype basins.

[0122] Embodiment 3

[0123] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a device for determining the sedimentation rate of a stratigraphic unit, referring to Figure 6 As shown, the device comprises:

[0124] An acquisition module 101 is used to acquire multiple sets of thin-section data including cores and outcrops in a study area;

[0125] The processing module 102 is used to perform image processing on the multiple sets of thin-section data including cores and outcrops, and determine the microscopic thickness data of the organic-rich dual unit corresponding to each set of thin-section data;

[0126] The first determination module 103 is used to obtain the well logging data of the study area, and calibrate the well logging data using the multiple sets of thin section data including cores and outcrops to determine the stratigraphic unit thickness of the development layer section of the organic-rich dual unit in the preset geological history process of the study area;

[0127] The second determination module 104 is used to determine the stratigraphic unit deposition rate according to the microscopic thickness data of the organic-rich dual unit corresponding to the development layer segment.

[0128] Embodiment 4

[0129] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a stratigraphic unit sedimentary history prediction device, referring to Figure 7 As shown, the device comprises:

[0130] An acquisition module 201 is used to acquire multiple sets of thin-section data including cores and outcrops in the study area;

[0131] The processing module 202 is used to perform image processing on the plurality of sets of thin-section data including cores and outcrops, and determine the microscopic thickness data of the organic-rich dual unit corresponding to each set of thin-section data;

[0132] The first determination module 203 is used to obtain the well logging data of the study area, and calibrate the well logging data using the multiple sets of thin section data including cores and outcrops to determine the stratigraphic unit thickness of the development layer section of the organic-rich dual unit in the preset geological history process of the study area;

[0133] The second determination module 204 is used to determine the sedimentation rate of the stratigraphic unit according to the microscopic thickness data of the organic-rich dual unit corresponding to the development layer section;

[0134] The prediction module 205 is used to determine the sedimentation history of the stratigraphic unit according to the sedimentation rate of the stratigraphic unit and the corresponding stratigraphic unit thickness.

[0135] Embodiment 5

[0136] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which instructions are stored. When the instructions are executed on a terminal, the terminal executes the method for determining the stratigraphic unit deposition rate as described in the above embodiment one, and / or the method for predicting the stratigraphic unit deposition history as described in the above embodiment two.

[0137] Embodiment 6

[0138] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the method for determining the stratigraphic unit deposition rate as described in the above embodiment 1 and / or the method for predicting the stratigraphic unit deposition history as described in the above embodiment 2 are implemented.

[0139] Embodiment 7

[0140] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer program product comprising instructions. When the computer program product is run on a computer device, the computer device executes the method for determining the stratigraphic unit deposition rate as described in the above embodiment one, and / or the method for predicting the stratigraphic unit deposition history as described in the above embodiment two.

[0141] Embodiment 8

[0142] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a chip, the chip includes a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface and the processor are coupled, and the processor is used to run a computer program or instruction to implement the method for determining the stratigraphic unit deposition rate as described in the above embodiment one, and / or the method for predicting the stratigraphic unit deposition history as described in the above embodiment two.

[0143] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage and optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0144] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of processes and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0145] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0146] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0147] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention is not limited to any single aspect, any single embodiment, or any combination and / or permutation of these aspects and / or embodiments. Each aspect and / or embodiment of the present invention can be used alone, or in combination with one or more other aspects and / or other embodiments.

[0148] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only specific implementations of the present invention, which are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above-described embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that any technician familiar with the technical field can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above-described embodiments within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, or can easily think of changes, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications, changes or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for determining the sedimentation rate of a stratigraphic unit, characterized in that: include: Obtain multiple sets of thin-section data including cores and outcrops in the study area; Performing image processing on the plurality of sets of thin-section data including cores and outcrops to determine microscopic thickness data of the organic-rich dual unit corresponding to each set of thin-section data; Acquire the well logging data of the study area, and use the multiple sets of thin section data including cores and outcrops to calibrate the well logging data, and determine the stratigraphic unit thickness of the development layer section of the organic-rich dual unit in the preset geological history process of the study area; The sedimentation rate of the stratigraphic unit is determined based on the microscopic thickness data of the organic-rich dual unit corresponding to the developed layer interval.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Determining the stratigraphic unit deposition rate according to the microscopic thickness data of the organic-rich dual unit corresponding to the developed interval includes: According to the microscopic thickness data of the organic-rich dual unit corresponding to the developed layer section, the microscopic thickness of the stratigraphic unit is obtained; According to the microscopic thickness of the stratigraphic unit and the formation time of the organic matter dual unit of the stratigraphic unit, the sedimentation rate of the stratigraphic unit is calculated based on the following formula 1: in, is the annual sedimentation rate, in μm / a; d is the microscopic thickness of the organic-rich dual unit, in μm; t is the formation time of the organic-rich dual unit.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The step of obtaining the microscopic thickness of the stratigraphic unit according to the microscopic thickness data of the organic-rich dual unit corresponding to the developed layer segment comprises: The microscopic thickness of each organic-rich dual unit corresponding to the development interval is added up to obtain the microscopic thickness of the stratigraphic unit.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The acquisition of multiple sets of thin-section data including cores and outcrops in the study area includes: Core and outcrop samples were collected from multiple locations in the semi-deep lake to deep lake sedimentary environment of the study area to obtain the multiple sets of thin section data including cores and outcrops.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The image processing of the plurality of sets of thin section data including cores and outcrops to determine the microscopic thickness data of the organic-rich dual unit in the study area includes: Performing image digitization processing on each of the plurality of sets of thin-section data including cores and outcrops, and performing image processing to obtain a thin-section image; Count each slice image to determine the number and time period of organic-rich dual units therein; The number and time period of the organic-rich dual units corresponding to all thin-section images are counted to obtain the microscopic thickness data of the organic-rich dual units in the study area.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The microscopic thickness of the organic-rich dual unit in all time periods is counted to obtain the microscopic thickness data of the organic-rich dual unit in the study area, including: The normal probability statistics of the microscopic thickness of the organic-rich dual unit in all time periods are performed to determine the normal probability distribution interval of the organic-rich dual unit in the study area.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The logging data of the study area were obtained by the following method: Imaging logging is performed on the study area to obtain imaging logging data.

8. A method for predicting the sedimentary history of a stratigraphic unit, characterized in that: include: Obtaining a stratigraphic unit deposition rate obtained according to the method described in any one of claims 1 to 7; The sedimentation history of the stratigraphic unit is predicted based on the sedimentation rate of the stratigraphic unit and the corresponding stratigraphic unit thickness.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The step of predicting the sedimentary history of the stratigraphic unit according to the sedimentary rate of the stratigraphic unit and the corresponding stratigraphic unit thickness comprises: According to the deposition rate of the stratigraphic unit and the corresponding stratigraphic unit thickness, the deposition history of the stratigraphic unit is predicted based on the following formula 2: Where T is the sedimentary history of the stratigraphic unit; D is the thickness of the stratigraphic unit; is the annual sedimentation rate of the stratigraphic unit.

10. A device for determining the sedimentation rate of a stratigraphic unit, characterized in that: include: The acquisition module is used to obtain multiple sets of thin-section data including cores and outcrops in the study area; A processing module, used for performing image processing on the plurality of sets of thin-section data including cores and outcrops, and determining microscopic thickness data of organic-rich dual units corresponding to each set of thin-section data; The first determination module is used to obtain the well logging data of the study area, and calibrate the well logging data using the multiple sets of thin section data including cores and outcrops to determine the stratigraphic unit thickness of the development layer section of the organic-rich dual unit in the preset geological history process of the study area; The second determination module is used to determine the stratigraphic unit deposition rate according to the microscopic thickness data of the organic-rich dual unit corresponding to the developmental layer segment.

11. A device for predicting the sedimentary history of stratigraphic units, characterized in that: include: The acquisition module is used to obtain multiple sets of thin-section data including cores and outcrops in the study area; A processing module, used for performing image processing on the plurality of sets of thin-section data including cores and outcrops, and determining microscopic thickness data of organic-rich dual units corresponding to each set of thin-section data; The first determination module is used to obtain the well logging data of the study area, and calibrate the well logging data using the multiple sets of thin section data including cores and outcrops to determine the stratigraphic unit thickness of the development layer section of the organic-rich dual unit in the preset geological history process of the study area; The second determination module is used to determine the sedimentation rate of the stratigraphic unit according to the microscopic thickness data of the organic-rich dual unit corresponding to the development layer section; The prediction module is used to determine the sedimentation history of the stratigraphic unit according to the sedimentation rate of the stratigraphic unit and the corresponding stratigraphic unit thickness.

12. A computer-readable storage medium, in which instructions are stored. When the instructions are executed on a terminal, the terminal executes the method for determining the stratigraphic unit deposition rate as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, and / or the method for predicting the stratigraphic unit deposition history as described in claim 8 or 9.

13. A computer device, characterized in that: The method comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, the method for determining the stratigraphic unit sedimentation rate as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 and / or the method for predicting the stratigraphic unit sedimentation history as described in claim 8 or 9 is implemented.

14. A computer program product comprising instructions, which, when executed on a computer device, causes the computer device to execute the method for determining the stratigraphic unit sedimentation rate as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, and / or the method for predicting the stratigraphic unit sedimentation history as described in claim 8 or 9.

15. A chip, comprising a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface and the processor are coupled, and the processor is used to run a computer program or instruction to implement the method for determining the stratigraphic unit sedimentation rate as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, and / or the method for predicting the stratigraphic unit sedimentation history as described in claim 8 or 9.

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