Rapid pressure reduction system

Abstract

The invention discloses a rapid pressure reduction system which comprises a blasting laboratory, a butterfly valve, a second blasting device, a negative pressure storage tank, an adjusting device used for adjusting the size of a blasting channel, a first blasting device and a vacuum equipment box used for vacuumizing the negative pressure storage tank. Two pipelines are connected between the blasting laboratory and the negative pressure storage tank, one pipeline is a short pipeline, and the other pipeline is a long pipeline; the butterfly valve and the second blasting device are installed on the short pipeline, and the butterfly valve is located between the blasting laboratory and the second blasting device. The adjusting device and the first blasting device are installed on the long pipeline, and the first blasting device is located between the blasting laboratory and the adjusting device. The device is simple, practical, small in occupied space and convenient to combine and use; the rapid blasting experiment and the top-speed blasting experiment of small animals and small products are met, and the control mode is simple, stable and reliable; the cost of experimental equipment is reduced; the device is high in practicability, safe to use and particularly suitable for popularization and application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of explosion decompression experiment, and specifically to a rapid decompression system, which is suitable for small low-pressure explosion containers, can simulate a state of rapid decompression in a high-altitude environment and an explosion decompression experiment, and is used for studying the physiological and characteristic changes of animals and micro-component products caused by extreme decompression after a period of time in different preset natural environments. As a necessary experimental equipment and device for animal medical research, plateau and high-altitude product research, it is suitable for scientific research units. Background Art

[0002] The existing decompression devices on the market are all large-scale experimental equipment, with extremely high construction and operating costs, which is very unfavorable for the development of small equipment and research in the field of high-altitude biology. Therefore, how to reduce the construction and operating costs is a problem that must be studied and solved in this technology. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a rapid decompression system that can meet the needs of small-sized animals and small products for rapid blasting experiments and extremely rapid blasting experiments.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A rapid decompression system comprises a blasting laboratory, a butterfly valve, a second blasting device, a negative pressure reserve tank, an adjusting device for adjusting the size of a blasting channel, a first blasting device and a vacuum equipment box for evacuating the negative pressure reserve tank; two pipes are connected between the blasting laboratory and the negative pressure reserve tank, one of which is a short pipe and the other is a long pipe; the butterfly valve and the second blasting device are installed on the short pipe, wherein the butterfly valve is located between the blasting laboratory and the second blasting device; the adjusting device and the first blasting device are installed on the long pipe, wherein the first blasting device is located between the blasting laboratory and the adjusting device. Both the blasting device 1 and the blasting device 2 include a clamping device, a blasting piece, an impact device and a pressure-bearing shell; the pressure-bearing shell is a hollow structure with openings at both ends; the blasting piece is made of pressure-resistant and fragile material and is detachably installed in the pressure-bearing shell to isolate the interior of the pressure-bearing shell; the clamping device is a plurality of pressure plates, one end of each pressure plate is fixed inside the pressure-bearing shell, and the other end is pressed against the blasting piece; the impact device is installed in the pressure-bearing shell and corresponds to the position of the blasting piece, and the impact device can move toward the blasting piece under the action of external force to smash the blasting piece.

[0005] The pressure-bearing shell of the blasting device one is in the shape of a pipe, and its blasting component is sealed in the middle of its pressure-bearing shell; the pressure-bearing shell of the blasting device two is in the shape of a square box, and its blasting component is sealed in the opening of its pressure-bearing shell on one side close to the negative pressure reserve tank.

[0006] During actual use, the rapid decompression system is also equipped with an emergency alarm buzzer, a pressure sensor indicator light, a control system and a UPS uninterruptible power supply, which are all commonly used electronic devices in the prior art. They are applied to the present invention as long as they can meet the safety and usage requirements in the product. When the product fails, the emergency alarm buzzer will sound an emergency alarm, and the experimenter can promptly take corresponding measures according to the actual different situations.

[0007] The present invention has two modes, one is a fast blasting mode, in which the air pressure balance within the air pressure height range of 6000 to 10000 m is achieved within 1 to 1.5 s of blasting time in the blasting laboratory; the other is an extremely fast blasting mode, in which the air pressure balance within the air pressure height range of 6000 to 10000 m is achieved within 200 ms of blasting time in the blasting device 2.

[0008] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention can select the rapid decompression mode and the blasting decompression mode for experiments as needed. An intermediate butterfly valve that can be opened quickly is installed between the two compartments (blasting laboratory and blasting device 2). When the intermediate butterfly valve is closed, it can be used as two compartments independently; when the intermediate butterfly valve is opened, it can be used as one compartment, providing a functionally rich experimental platform for scientific research. The present invention adopts a square structure with the highest space utilization rate. It is simple and practical, occupies little space, and is easy to use in combination. It meets the needs of rapid blasting experiments and extremely fast blasting experiments on small animals and small products, fills the gap in the current miniaturized air pressure extremely fast change experimental equipment, and expands the product function range; and the control method is simple, stable and reliable. It reduces the cost of experimental equipment and expands the types of experimental equipment. It is highly practical and safe to use, and is particularly suitable for promotion and application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] The structure of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0010] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rapid decompression system of the present invention.

[0011] Figure 2 The figure is a piping principle diagram of the rapid decompression system of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the blasting device 2 in the rapid decompression system of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vacuum equipment box in the rapid decompression system of the present invention.

[0014] As shown in the figure: 1-blasting laboratory, 2-butterfly valve, 3-blasting device 2, 4-negative pressure reserve tank, 5-regulating device, 6-blasting device, 7-vacuum equipment box, 71-vacuum pump, 72-check valve, 73-frequency converter, 74-box, 8-clamping device, 9-blasting parts, 10-impact device, 11-pressure shell, 12-inflating pipeline 1, 13-inflating pipeline 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The following is an explanation of the implementation of the present invention by specific specific embodiments. People familiar with the technology can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. drawn in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions for the implementation of the present invention, so they have no substantial technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship or adjustment of the size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and so on quoted in this specification are only for the convenience of description, and are not used to limit the scope of the implementation of the present invention. The change or adjustment of their relative relationship should also be regarded as the scope of the implementation of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.

[0017] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. It should be noted that the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements that are not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Example 1

[0018] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides a rapid decompression system, including a blasting laboratory 1, a butterfly valve 2, a blasting device 2 3, a negative pressure storage tank 4, a regulating device 5, a blasting device 1 6, a vacuum equipment box 7, matching pipes and fittings, and a control system.

[0019] The blasting laboratory 1 is a square hollow cabin. The blasting laboratory 1 is made of steel plates for pressure vessels, which are then sprayed with plastic for anti-corrosion treatment. A barometer is connected to it, and test animals or product parts are placed in the blasting laboratory 1 for testing. One side of the blasting laboratory 1 is connected to the negative pressure storage tank 4 through a short pipe, and the other side is connected to the negative pressure storage tank 4 through a long pipe. The blasting laboratory 1, the negative pressure storage tank 4, the regulating device 5 and the blasting device 1 6 together constitute the basic functional structure of the rapid blasting device in the rapid blasting mode. A butterfly valve 2 and a blasting device 2 3 are installed on the short pipe, wherein the butterfly valve 2 is located between the blasting laboratory 1 and the blasting device 2 3; an regulating device 5 and a blasting device 1 6 are installed on the long pipe, and the blasting device 1 6 is located between the blasting laboratory 1 and the regulating device 5. An air charging pipeline 12 for charging the blasting laboratory 1 is connected to the outside of the blasting laboratory 1. The air charging pipeline 12 pumps the gas of the gas source into the blasting laboratory 1 by means of an air pump. A hand valve, a solenoid valve and a flow meter are installed on the air charging pipeline 12.

[0020] The butterfly valve 2 adopts the existing electric butterfly valve, which isolates the blasting laboratory 1 from the blasting device 2 3 during the experimental preparation stage, and different experiments can be performed in the blasting laboratory 1 and the blasting device 2 3 respectively.

[0021] The structure of the blasting device 2 3 is similar to that of the blasting device 1 6 , and both are composed of a clamping device 8 , a blasting piece 9 , an impact device 10 and a pressure-bearing shell 11 ; the pressure-bearing shell 11 is a hollow structure with openings at both ends, wherein the openings at both ends of the pressure-bearing shell 11 in the blasting device 1 6 are respectively connected to the blasting laboratory 1 and the adjusting device 5 , and the openings at both ends of the pressure-bearing shell 11 in the blasting device 2 3 are respectively connected to the blasting laboratory 1 and the blasting device 2 3 ; the blasting piece 9 is made of a pressure-resistant and fragile material (such as organic glass) and is detachably installed in the pressure-bearing shell 11 to isolate the inside of the pressure-bearing shell 11 ; the clamping device 8 is a plurality of evenly distributed pressure plates, one end of each pressure plate is fixed to the inside of the pressure-bearing shell 11 by bolts, and the other end is pressed on the blasting piece 9 ; the impact device 10 is installed in the pressure-bearing shell 11 and corresponds to the position of the blasting piece 9 , and the impact device 10 can move toward the blasting piece 9 under the action of an external force to smash the blasting piece 9 . The impact device 10 includes a rotating shaft, a rocker arm, a hammer and a power device; the rotating shaft is rotatably installed in the pressure-bearing shell 11; one end of the rocker arm is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft and can approach or move away from the blasting piece 9 as the rotating shaft rotates; the hammer is installed at the other end of the rocker arm and can swing in the direction of approaching or moving away from the blasting piece 9 with the rocker arm, and a striker is provided on the surface of the hammer for smashing the blasting piece 9; the power device is installed outside the pressure-bearing shell 11 and can drive the rotating shaft to rotate, and the power device is any one of a motor, a hydraulic rod, a cylinder and an electric cylinder. When a motor is used, mutually meshing gear transmissions are respectively installed on the rotating shaft and the motor; when a hydraulic rod, a cylinder or an electric cylinder is used, a push rod is vertically fixed on the outside of the rotating shaft, the push rod is connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod, the cylinder or the electric cylinder, and the other end of the hydraulic rod, the cylinder or the electric cylinder is hinged outside the pressure-bearing shell 11.

[0022] The pressure-bearing shell 11 of the blasting device 2 3 is in the shape of a square box, made of a steel plate for pressure vessels, and then sprayed for anti-corrosion treatment. The blasting part 9 of the blasting device 2 3 is sealed at the opening of the pressure-bearing shell 11 near the negative pressure storage tank 4. The blasting device 2 3, the negative pressure storage tank 4 and the blasting laboratory 1 together constitute the basic functional structure of the ultra-fast blasting device in the ultra-fast blasting mode. The blasting device 2 3 is externally connected to an air charging pipeline 2 13 for charging the pressure-bearing shell 11 of the blasting device 2 3. The air charging pipeline 2 13 pumps the gas of the gas source into the pressure-bearing shell 11 of the blasting device 2 3 using an air pump. The pressure-bearing shell 11 of the blasting device 2 3 is equipped with a hand valve, a solenoid valve and a flow meter.

[0023] The pressure-bearing shell 11 of the blasting device 1 6 is in the shape of a pipe, and the blasting member 9 is sealed in the middle of the pressure-bearing shell 11; the volume of the pressure-bearing shell 11 of the blasting device 1 6 is smaller than the volume of the pressure-bearing shell 11 of the blasting device 2 3. The blasting device 6 can be fully opened within 800ms, so as to ensure that the air pressure of the intermediate blasting laboratory 1 and the negative pressure reserve tank 4 of the rapid blasting experiment reaches equilibrium within 1 to 1.5s.

[0024] The negative pressure reserve tank 4 is a hollow tank body made of steel plate for pressure containers and then sprayed with plastic for anti-corrosion treatment. A pressure gauge is installed on the negative pressure reserve tank 4. The negative pressure reserve tank 4 is respectively set with a sufficient volume ratio with the blasting laboratory 1 and the blasting device 2 3 according to the experimental conditions to provide a stable negative pressure environment for the extreme-speed blasting device and the fast blasting device during the experiment.

[0025] The regulating device 5 is a valve body structure used to adjust the size of the blasting channel to ensure that the blasting time of the rapid blasting experiment is adjusted within 1 to 1.5 seconds.

[0026] The vacuum equipment 7 is used to evacuate the negative pressure reserve tank 4. The vacuum equipment box 7 is connected to the negative pressure reserve tank 4 through a vacuum pipeline, and the low air pressure function in the negative pressure reserve tank is realized through the PLC system. The vacuum equipment box 7 includes a box body 74 and two sets of vacuum pumping systems installed in the box body 74; the vacuum pumping system includes a vacuum pump 71, a check valve 72 and a frequency converter 73; the air inlet end of the vacuum pump 71 is connected to the inside of the negative pressure reserve tank 4 through a pipeline; the check valve 72 is installed on the pipeline connecting the vacuum pump 71 and the negative pressure reserve tank 4, and the gas flows from the negative pressure reserve tank 4 to the vacuum pump 71 in a unidirectional manner; the frequency converter 73 is installed in the box body 74 to control the speed of the vacuum pump 71 drive motor.

[0027] Working principle: 1. Rapid blasting experiment: The experiment is mainly realized by utilizing the blasting laboratory 1, the negative pressure storage tank 4, the long pipeline and the regulating device 5 on the long pipeline and the blasting device 6 in the rapid blasting device under the rapid blasting mode, and the specific steps are as follows.

[0028] ① First, the butterfly valve 2 is fully closed, and the vacuum equipment 7 is used to pump the air pressure in the negative pressure reserve tank 4 to the set value and maintain the air pressure unchanged.

[0029] ② Secondly, the experimental objects or experimental animals are placed in the blasting laboratory 1, and then the air is inflated into the blasting laboratory 1 through the inflation pipe 12 to adjust the air pressure inside the blasting laboratory 1 to the set height.

[0030] ③ After the air pressure heights in the blasting laboratory 1 and the negative pressure reserve tank 4 are stable; set the valve opening of the regulating device 5 according to the experimental time requirements; after the regulating device 5 reaches the set value, start the power device of the blasting device 6, so that the impact device 10 swings downward and smashes the blasting piece 9, open the blasting device 6, and make the air pressure heights in the blasting laboratory 1 and the negative pressure reserve tank 4 reach equilibrium within 1 to 1.5 seconds.

[0031] ④ After recording the experimental data, restore the equipment parts to the state before the experiment, and then close the experimental equipment; 2. Extreme speed blasting experiment: The experiment is mainly realized by utilizing the blasting laboratory 1, the negative pressure reserve tank 4, the short pipeline and the blasting device 2 on the short pipeline in the extreme blasting device under the extreme blasting mode, and the specific steps are as follows.

[0032] ① First, the butterfly valve 2 is fully opened, the regulating device 5 is fully closed, the blasting piece 9 is installed in the blasting device 2 3 and compressed with the clamping device 8, and the impact device 10 is adjusted to the experimental state (the impact hammer is raised and away from the blasting piece 9).

[0033] ② Secondly, the vacuum equipment 7 is used to pump the air pressure in the negative pressure reserve tank 4 to the set value and maintain the air pressure unchanged.

[0034] ③ Again, the experimental objects or experimental animals are placed in the blasting laboratory 1, and then the air is inflated into the blasting laboratory 1 through the inflation pipe 12 to adjust the air pressure inside the blasting laboratory 1 to the set height.

[0035] ④ After the air pressure in the blasting laboratory 1 and the negative pressure reserve tank 4 is highly stable, start the power device of the blasting device 2 3, so that the impact device 10 swings downward and smashes the blasting piece 9, and quickly open the blasting device 2 3, so that the air pressure height of the blasting laboratory 1 and the negative pressure reserve tank 4 reaches equilibrium within 200ms.

[0036] ⑤ After recording the experimental data, restore the equipment parts to the state before the experiment, and then close the experimental equipment.

[0037] Other aspects of the present invention that are not described in detail are all conventional techniques known to those skilled in the art.

[0038] It should be noted that the terms "comprises", "includes" or any other variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus.

[0039] The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the technical solutions disclosed in the specific implementation methods. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid decompression system, comprising a blasting laboratory (1), a butterfly valve (2), a second blasting device (3), a negative pressure storage tank (4), an adjustment device (5) for adjusting the size of a blasting channel, a first blasting device (6), and a vacuum equipment box (7) for evacuating the negative pressure storage tank (4), characterized in that: Two pipes are connected between the blasting laboratory (1) and the negative pressure storage tank (4), one of which is a short pipe and the other is a long pipe; the butterfly valve (2) and the second blasting device (3) are installed on the short pipe, wherein the butterfly valve (2) is located between the blasting laboratory (1) and the second blasting device (3); the regulating device (5) and the first blasting device (6) are installed on the long pipe, wherein the first blasting device (6) is located between the blasting laboratory (1) and the regulating device (5).

2. The rapid decompression system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blasting laboratory (1) is a square cabin.

3. The rapid decompression system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blasting device 1 (6) and the blasting device 2 (3) both comprise a clamping device (8), a blasting piece (9), an impact device (10) and a pressure-bearing shell (11); the pressure-bearing shell (11) is a hollow structure with openings at both ends; the blasting piece (9) is made of a pressure-resistant and fragile material and is detachably installed in the pressure-bearing shell (11) to partition the interior of the pressure-bearing shell (11); the clamping device (8) is a plurality of pressure plates, one end of each pressure plate is fixed in the interior of the pressure-bearing shell (11), and the other end is clamped on the blasting piece (9); the impact device (10) is installed in the pressure-bearing shell (11) and corresponds to the position of the blasting piece (9); the impact device (10) can move towards the blasting piece (9) under the action of an external force to crush the blasting piece (9).

4. The rapid decompression system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pressure-bearing shell (11) of the blasting device 1 (6) is in the shape of a pipe, and the blasting component (9) is sealed in the middle of the pressure-bearing shell (11); the pressure-bearing shell (11) of the blasting device 2 (3) is in the shape of a square box, and the blasting component (9) is sealed at the opening of the pressure-bearing shell (11) on one side close to the negative pressure storage tank (4).

5. The rapid decompression system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The volume of the pressure-bearing shell (11) of the blasting device one (6) is smaller than the volume of the pressure-bearing shell (11) of the blasting device two (3).

6. The rapid decompression system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The blasting laboratory (1), the second blasting device (3) and the negative pressure storage tank (4) are all equipped with pressure gauges.

7. The rapid decompression system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The impact device (10) comprises a rotating shaft, a swing rod, a striking hammer and a power device; the rotating shaft is rotatably mounted in a pressure-bearing housing (11); one end of the swing rod is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft and can move closer to or farther from the blasting piece (9) as the rotating shaft rotates; the striking hammer is mounted on the other end of the swing rod and can swing with the swing rod in a direction closer to or farther from the blasting piece (9); and the power device is mounted outside the pressure-bearing housing (11) and can drive the rotating shaft to rotate.

8. The rapid decompression system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The power device is any one of a motor, a hydraulic rod, a cylinder and an electric cylinder.

9. The rapid decompression system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A striking pin is provided on the surface of the striking hammer for smashing the blasting piece (9).

10. The rapid decompression system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum equipment box (7) comprises a box body (74) and at least one vacuum pumping system installed in the box body (74); the vacuum pumping system comprises a vacuum pump (71), a check valve (72) and a frequency converter (73); the air inlet end of the vacuum pump (71) is connected to the inside of the negative pressure storage tank (4) through a pipeline; the check valve (72) is installed on the pipeline connecting the vacuum pump (71) and the negative pressure storage tank (4), and the common gas flows from the negative pressure storage tank (4) into the vacuum pump (71) in a unidirectional manner; the frequency converter (73) is installed in the box body (74) and is used to control the rotation speed of the vacuum pump (71) drive motor.

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