Poplar extremely short branch cutting seedling raising method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of poplar cutting seedling raising, in particular to a poplar ultra-short branch cutting seedling raising method which comprises the following steps: (1) selecting poplar ultra-short branches with buds with the length of 3-5cm and the diameter of 0.3-0.5 cm, soaking and then performing surface disinfection; (2) obliquely inserting the treated ultra-short branches into a special matrix at an angle of 60-70 degrees, wherein the insertion depth is 2 / 3 + / -5% of the length of the branches; (3) placing the seedling raising plate after cuttage in an environment with the temperature of 25 + / -2 DEG C and the relative humidity of 80-90%, and spraying 2-3 times every day; (4) providing illumination by adopting an LED growth lamp; (5) after 14 days of cuttage, foliage spraying is carried out; the survival rate is increased to 90% or above and is increased by 50-60% compared with that of a traditional method, and the seedling raising cost is greatly reduced; the root activity is improved by 139%, the quantity is increased, the quality is also remarkably improved, and a solid foundation is laid for later-stage growth of plants.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of poplar cutting seedling cultivation, and in particular to a poplar extremely short-branch cutting seedling cultivation method. Background Art

[0002] As a fast-growing and high-yield forest species, poplars have important value in ecological construction, timber supply and biomass energy development. However, the poplar seedling cultivation process, especially the extremely short-branch cutting seedling cultivation, has always faced many challenges.

[0003] The traditional method of propagating poplar seedlings by cuttings mainly relies on cuttings with a length of 20-30 cm. Although this method is simple, it has problems such as low propagation coefficient and severe damage to the mother tree. In recent years, in order to improve the propagation efficiency, researchers have begun to try to use shorter cuttings for propagation. However, the survival rate of very short branches (3-5 cm in length) is generally low, usually only 30-50%, which seriously restricts the promotion and application of this technology.

[0004] In the prior art, in order to improve the survival rate of very short branch cuttings, the following measures are mainly taken: 1. Use growth regulators such as IBA (indolebutyric acid) to promote rooting. However, this method is not effective and can easily cause environmental pollution.

[0005] 2. Improve the cutting medium: such as adding vermiculite, perlite, etc. to improve air permeability and water retention. However, simply improving the medium has limited effect on improving the survival rate.

[0006] 3. Control environmental conditions: such as adjusting temperature, humidity, light, etc. However, this requires high equipment investment and is not suitable for large-scale production.

[0007] 4. Use mycorrhizal fungi: to promote root development. However, the inoculation and cultivation process of mycorrhizal fungi is complicated and difficult to be widely used in production.

[0008] Although these methods have improved the survival rate of very short branch cuttings to a certain extent, the following problems still exist: 1. Unstable survival rate: Affected by many factors, the survival rate fluctuates greatly, making it difficult to ensure the stability of production.

[0009] 2. Poor root development: Even if the plant survives, the root system is often underdeveloped, affecting later growth.

[0010] 3. Slow growth: The plants grow slowly after survival, which makes it difficult to meet the needs of rapid seedling cultivation.

[0011] 4. Poor stress resistance: low tolerance to environmental stress and susceptible to diseases and pests.

[0012] 5. Low reproduction efficiency: The reproduction coefficient of existing methods is still low, which is difficult to meet the needs of large-scale seedling cultivation.

[0013] 6. Complex operation: Some methods require professional equipment and technology and are not easy to promote.

[0014] 7. Unclear physiological mechanism: Insufficient understanding of the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of the survival and growth of extremely short branches makes it difficult to make targeted improvements.

[0015] In view of the above problems, there is an urgent need to develop a new method for raising poplar seedlings by extremely short branch cuttings in order to comprehensively improve the survival rate, promote growth, enhance stress resistance, and simplify the operation process so as to be suitable for large-scale production applications. Summary of the invention

[0016] The present invention aims at solving these problems in the prior art and proposes a multi-level and all-round poplar extremely short-branch cutting seedling raising method.

[0017] The present invention provides a poplar extremely short branch cutting seedling raising method, comprising the following steps: (1) Select very short poplar branches with buds, 3-5 cm in length and 0.3-0.5 cm in diameter, and immerse them in warm water at 55±2°C for 30±5 seconds for surface disinfection; (2) Insert the treated very short branches into the special substrate at an angle of 60-70°, with the insertion depth being 2 / 3±5% of the branch length; (3) Place the seedling tray after cutting in an environment with a temperature of 25±2°C and a relative humidity of 80-90%, and spray 2-3 times a day; (4) Use LED grow lights to provide light, with light intensity of 500-1000 lux in the first 7 days, and then increase by 500 lux every 3 days until it reaches 3000-4000 lux; (5) 14 days after cuttings, spray the leaves with 0.08-0.12% (w / v) seaweed extract solution every week, with a spraying amount of 10-15 mL / plant each time.

[0018] Preferably, the method for preparing the special matrix comprises: (1) Vermiculite with a particle size of 2-4 mm, perlite with a particle size of 1-3 mm, and coconut bran with a fiber length of 5-10 mm are mixed in a volume ratio of 3:1:1; (2) Add biochar with a specific surface area of ​​≥300 m² / g and a particle size of 0.5-2 mm, with the addition amount being 4-6% of the total volume of the base material; (3) Adding polymer-coated slow-release fertilizer with an NPK ratio of 14-14-14, the addition amount is 0.8-1.2% of the total weight of the base material; (4) Mix in a drum mixer at 15-20 rpm for 10-15 minutes.

[0019] Preferably, the spraying is performed using an atomization system, and each spraying lasts for 2-3 minutes.

[0020] Preferably, the red-to-blue light ratio of the LED grow lamp is 7:3.

[0021] Preferably, the main component of the seaweed extract solution is alginate.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Significantly improve the survival rate: The survival rate is increased to more than 90%, which is 50-60 percentage points higher than the traditional method, greatly reducing the cost of seedling cultivation.

[0023] 2. Promote root development: Root activity increased by 139%, not only the quantity increased, but also the quality was significantly improved, laying a solid foundation for the later growth of the plant.

[0024] 3. Accelerated growth: The biomass in 60 days is 167-184% higher than that of traditional methods, which greatly shortens the seedling raising period.

[0025] 4. Improve reproduction efficiency: Using extremely short branches for cuttings greatly improves the reproduction coefficient and reduces damage to the mother tree.

[0026] 5. Easy to operate: Each step is reasonably designed and easy to operate, suitable for large-scale promotion and application.

[0027] 6. Eco-friendly: It avoids the use of chemical growth regulators and conforms to the concept of sustainable development.

[0028] 7. Comprehensively improve quality: Chlorophyll content increased by 69%, indicating that the overall physiological state of the plant has been significantly improved.

[0029] In summary, the present invention not only solves many problems existing in the prior art, but also achieves unexpected technical effects in many aspects. This all-round performance improvement has brought revolutionary progress to poplar seedling technology, and is expected to have a significant impact in the fields of ecological construction, wood production and biomass energy development, and has broad application prospects. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific examples, but the following examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and should not be considered to limit the scope of the present invention. In the following examples, if specific conditions are not specified, they are carried out according to normal conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The methods used are conventional methods known in the art unless otherwise specified, and the consumables and reagents used are commercially available unless otherwise specified. Unless otherwise specified, the professional and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those familiar to those skilled in the art. In addition, any method or material similar or equivalent to the recorded content may also be applied to the present invention.

[0031] Example 1 This embodiment provides a basic implementation scheme of a poplar extremely short branch cutting seedling raising method, comprising the following steps: (1) Select very short poplar branches with buds, 3 cm in length and 0.3 cm in diameter, and soak them in 53°C warm water for 35 seconds for surface disinfection; (2) Preparation of special matrix: a) Mix vermiculite with a particle size of 2 mm, perlite with a particle size of 1 mm, and coconut bran with a fiber length of 5 mm in a volume ratio of 3:1:1; b) Add biochar with a specific surface area of ​​300m² / g and a particle size of 0.5mm, the addition amount is 4% of the total volume of the base material; c) Add polymer coated slow-release fertilizer with NPK ratio of 14-14-14, the addition amount is 0.8% of the total weight of the base material; d) Mix in a drum mixer at 15 rpm for 10 minutes.

[0032] (3) Insert the treated very short branches into the special substrate at an angle of 60°, with the insertion depth being 61.7% of the branch length; (4) Place the seedling tray after cutting in an environment with a temperature of 23°C and a relative humidity of 80%, and spray it twice a day through a misting system, each time for 2 minutes; (5) Use LED growth lights (red:blue light ratio 7:3) to provide light. The light intensity is 500 lux in the first 7 days, and then increase by 500 lux every 3 days until it reaches 3000 lux. (6) After 14 days of cutting, spray the leaves with 0.08% (w / v) seaweed extract solution (mainly composed of alginate) every week, with a spraying volume of 10 mL per plant each time.

[0033] Example 2 This embodiment provides an optimization scheme for a poplar extremely short branch cutting seedling raising method, comprising the following steps: (1) Select very short poplar branches with buds, 4 cm in length and 0.4 cm in diameter, and soak them in 55°C warm water for 30 seconds for surface disinfection; (2) Preparation of special matrix: a) Mix vermiculite with a particle size of 3 mm, perlite with a particle size of 2 mm, and coconut bran with a fiber length of 7.5 mm in a volume ratio of 3:1:1; b) Add biochar with a specific surface area of ​​400m² / g and a particle size of 1mm, the amount of which is 5% of the total volume of the base material; c) Add polymer coated slow-release fertilizer with NPK ratio of 14-14-14, the addition amount is 1% of the total weight of the base material; d) Mix in a drum mixer at 17.5 rpm for 12.5 minutes.

[0034] (3) Insert the treated very short branches into the special substrate at an angle of 65°, with the insertion depth being 66.7% of the branch length; (4) Place the seedling tray after cutting at a temperature of 25°C and a relative humidity of 85%, and spray it 2.5 times a day through the atomization system, each time for 2.5 minutes; (5) LED growth lights (red:blue light ratio 7:3) were used to provide illumination, with the light intensity of 750 lux in the first 7 days, and then increased by 500 lux every 3 days until it reached 3500 lux; (6) After 14 days of cutting, 0.1% (w / v) seaweed extract solution (main component is alginate) was sprayed on the leaves every week, with a spraying amount of 12.5 mL per plant each time.

[0035] Example 3 This embodiment provides an efficient solution for a poplar extremely short branch cutting seedling raising method, comprising the following steps: (1) Select very short poplar branches with buds, 5 cm in length and 0.5 cm in diameter, and soak them in 57°C warm water for 25 seconds for surface disinfection; (2) Preparation of special matrix: a) Mix vermiculite with a particle size of 4 mm, perlite with a particle size of 3 mm, and coconut bran with a fiber length of 10 mm in a volume ratio of 3:1:1; b) Add biochar with a specific surface area of ​​500m² / g and a particle size of 2mm, the addition amount is 6% of the total volume of the base material; c) Add polymer coated slow-release fertilizer with NPK ratio of 14-14-14, the addition amount is 1.2% of the total weight of the base material; d) Mix in a drum mixer at 20 rpm for 15 minutes.

[0036] (4) Insert the treated very short branches into the special matrix at an angle of 70°, with the insertion depth being 71.7% of the branch length; (5) Place the seedling tray after cutting in an environment with a temperature of 27°C and a relative humidity of 90%, and spray it three times a day through a misting system, each time for 3 minutes; (5) LED growth lights (red:blue light ratio 7:3) were used to provide illumination, with the light intensity of 1000 lux in the first 7 days, and then increased by 500 lux every 3 days until it reached 4000 lux; (6) After 14 days of cutting, 0.12% (w / v) seaweed extract solution (mainly composed of alginate) was sprayed on the leaves every week, with a spraying amount of 15 mL per plant each time.

[0037] Embodiment 4: This embodiment provides an intermediate value scheme of a poplar extremely short branch cutting seedling raising method, comprising the following steps: (1) Select very short poplar branches with buds, 4.5 cm in length and 0.4 cm in diameter, and soak them in 55°C warm water for 30 seconds for surface disinfection; (2) Preparation of special matrix: a) Mix vermiculite with a particle size of 3 mm, perlite with a particle size of 2 mm, and coconut bran with a fiber length of 7.5 mm in a volume ratio of 3:1:1; b) Add biochar with a specific surface area of ​​400m² / g and a particle size of 1.25mm, the addition amount is 5% of the total volume of the base material; c) Add polymer coated slow-release fertilizer with NPK ratio of 14-14-14, the addition amount is 1% of the total weight of the base material; d) Mix in a drum mixer at 17.5 rpm for 12.5 minutes.

[0038] (3) Insert the treated very short branches into the special substrate at an angle of 65°, with the insertion depth being 66.7% of the branch length; (4) Place the seedling tray after cutting at a temperature of 25°C and a relative humidity of 85%, and spray it 2.5 times a day through the atomization system, each time for 2.5 minutes; (5) LED growth lights (red:blue light ratio 7:3) were used to provide illumination, with the light intensity of 750 lux in the first 7 days, and then increased by 500 lux every 3 days until it reached 3500 lux; (6) After 14 days of cutting, 0.1% (w / v) seaweed extract solution (main component is alginate) was sprayed on the leaves every week, with a spraying amount of 12.5 mL per plant each time.

[0039] Comparative Example 1: Poplar extremely short branch cutting seedling raising method lacking special matrix This comparative example is intended to verify the importance of special matrix formulation, corresponding to Example 3. The specific steps are as follows: (2) Use ordinary garden soil as the substrate without any special treatment; (3) Insert the treated very short branches into ordinary garden soil at an angle of 70°, with the insertion depth being 71.7% of the branch length; (4)-(6) The subsequent steps are the same as those in Example 3.

[0040] Comparative Example 2: Poplar extremely short branch cutting seedling raising method lacking seaweed extract supplementation This comparative example is intended to verify the importance of seaweed extract supplementation, corresponding to Example 4. The specific steps are as follows: Steps (1) to (5) are the same as those in Example 4; (6) No foliage spraying of seaweed extract solution was performed 14 days after cutting.

[0041] Comparative Example 3: Poplar extremely short branch seedling raising method using traditional cutting method This comparative example is intended to comprehensively compare the differences between the method of the present invention and the traditional method, corresponding to Example 1. The specific steps are as follows: (1) Select a very short poplar branch with buds, 3 cm in length and 0.3 cm in diameter, and soak it in room temperature tap water for 5 minutes; (2) Use ordinary garden soil as the substrate; (3) Insert very short branches directly into ordinary garden soil at a depth of 1 / 2 the length of the branch; (4) Place the seedling tray after cutting in a room temperature environment and water it once a day; (5) Use natural lighting without artificial lighting; (6) No additional nutritional supplementation.

[0042] In order to comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness of the poplar extremely short branch cutting seedling raising method of the present invention, we designed the following experimental indicators: 1. Survival rate: The percentage of plants that survive 30 days after cutting to the total number of cuttings.

[0043] 2. Rooting rate: The percentage of plants that have taken root 30 days after cuttings to the total number of cuttings.

[0044] 3. Average root length: The average length of the main root system of each plant 30 days after cutting.

[0045] 4. Root activity: The dehydrogenase activity of the root tip was determined using the TTC (2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride) reduction method.

[0046] 5. Chlorophyll content: Use a portable chlorophyll meter to measure the chlorophyll content of the leaves of surviving plants.

[0047] 6. Biomass: 60 days after cutting, the fresh weight and dry weight of the plants were measured.

[0048] The experimental method steps are as follows: 1. Prepare and treat poplar very short branches according to the methods described in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3.

[0049] 2. Each group of experiments was set up with 100 replications, randomized block design, and 3 replication blocks in total.

[0050] 3. Cut the treated very short branches into the corresponding substrate and place them in a greenhouse with controlled environment.

[0051] 4. Regularly observe and record the growth status of the plants.

[0052] 5. Measure the corresponding indicators 30 days and 60 days after cutting.

[0053] The test results are shown in the following table: Table 1. Results of various indicators of the poplar very short branch cutting seedling raising method (30 days) Table 2. Biomass determination results of poplar very short branch cutting seedling method (60 days) Based on the above experimental results, we can draw the following conclusions: 1. Best Example: Example 3 shows the best comprehensive performance, and performs best in terms of survival rate, rooting rate, average root length, root activity, chlorophyll content and biomass, etc. This shows that the synergistic effect of each component in the method of the present invention has reached the best balance.

[0054] 2. Unexpected technical effects: a) Significantly improved survival rate and rooting rate: The survival rate of the method of the present invention (Examples 1-4) was increased by 41-57% and the rooting rate was increased by 50-70% compared with the traditional method (Comparative Example 3). This significant improvement far exceeded expectations, indicating that the method of the present invention has made a breakthrough in overcoming the problem of extremely short branch cuttings of poplar.

[0055] b) Improved quality of root development: Not only does the root length increase, but the root vitality is also greatly improved. The root vitality of Example 3 is 139% higher than that of the traditional method, which means that the root system not only increases in quantity, but also has significantly improved quality, which is beneficial to the long-term growth of the plant.

[0056] c) Unexpected increase in chlorophyll content: The increase in chlorophyll content (up to 69%) indicated that the method not only promoted root development, but also significantly improved the physiological state of the aboveground parts, which may be due to the synergistic development effect of the root system and the aboveground parts.

[0057] d) Biomass multiplication effect: The biomass data after 60 days showed that the fresh weight and dry weight of the best embodiment (Example 3) were increased by 167.6% and 184.2% respectively compared with the traditional method (Comparative Example 3). This significant increase in growth rate far exceeded expectations, which means that this method can greatly shorten the cultivation period of poplar seedlings.

[0058] 3. In-depth explanation and description are as follows: a) Importance of special substrate: The results of comparative example 1 highlight the key role of special substrate formula. The well-designed substrate not only provides a good physical structure (aeration and water retention), but also provides a continuous nutrient supply and improves the rhizosphere environment for the plants through the addition of slow-release fertilizers and biochar. This may be an important reason for the significant improvement in root activity.

[0059] b) Late-stage promotion effect of seaweed extract: The results of Comparative Example 2 show that even without the supplement of seaweed extract, the present method is still superior to the traditional method. However, the addition of seaweed extract further improves the growth performance of the plants, especially in terms of chlorophyll content and biomass. This indicates that the bioactive substances in the seaweed extract (such as growth hormones and trace elements) play an important role in promoting the late growth of the plants.

[0060] In summary, the poplar ultra-short branch cutting seedling raising method of the present invention provides optimal growth conditions for plants at various growth stages through a carefully designed multiple synergistic mechanism. This not only greatly improves the survival rate and rooting rate, but also significantly promotes the overall growth and development of the plant. This comprehensive performance improvement far exceeds expectations, bringing revolutionary progress to poplar seedling raising technology, and is expected to greatly improve the production efficiency and quality of poplar seedlings, bringing significant economic and ecological benefits to forestry production.

[0061] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for raising seedlings of poplar trees by cuttings of extremely short branches, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Select very short poplar branches with buds, 3-5 cm in length and 0.3-0.5 cm in diameter, and immerse them in warm water at 55±2°C for 30±5 seconds for surface disinfection; (2) Insert the treated very short branches into the special substrate at an angle of 60-70°, with the insertion depth being 2 / 3±5% of the branch length; (3) Place the seedling tray after cutting in an environment with a temperature of 25±2°C and a relative humidity of 80-90%, and spray 2-3 times a day; (4) Use LED grow lights to provide light, with light intensity of 500-1000 lux in the first 7 days, and then increase by 500 lux every 3 days until it reaches 3000-4000 lux; (5) 14 days after cuttings, spray the leaves with 0.08-0.12% (w / v) seaweed extract solution every week, with a spraying amount of 10-15 mL / plant each time.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The preparation method of the special matrix comprises: (1) Vermiculite with a particle size of 2-4 mm, perlite with a particle size of 1-3 mm, and coconut bran with a fiber length of 5-10 mm are mixed in a volume ratio of 3:1:1; (2) Add biochar with a specific surface area of ​​≥300 m² / g and a particle size of 0.5-2 mm, with the addition amount being 4-6% of the total volume of the base material; (3) Adding polymer-coated slow-release fertilizer with an NPK ratio of 14-14-14, the addition amount is 0.8-1.2% of the total weight of the base material; (4) Mix in a drum mixer at 15-20 rpm for 10-15 minutes.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spraying is carried out using an atomization system, and each spraying lasts for 2-3 minutes.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The red-to-blue light ratio of the LED grow light is 7:

3.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The main component of the seaweed extract solution is alginate.

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