Vertical five-axis machining center and control method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of machining centers, in particular to a vertical five-axis machining center and a control method. The machining center comprises a controller, a rack, a moving mechanism, a rotating mechanism, a machining mechanism, a tool changing mechanism and a detecting mechanism. And the detection mechanism comprises precision detection equipment and temperature detection equipment which are respectively used for detecting and feeding back positioning data and temperature data to the controller in real time. The controller automatically adjusts the precision and the temperature of each mechanism according to the data, and high precision and stable performance in the machining process are ensured. The effect of improving the machining efficiency and quality is achieved, and meanwhile the maintenance cost and the failure rate are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of machining centers, and in particular to a vertical five-axis machining center and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Machining centers are one of the important equipment for modern precision manufacturing and are widely used in aerospace, automobile manufacturing, mold manufacturing and other fields. With the development of industrial automation and intelligent manufacturing, high-precision and high-efficiency machining centers have become key tools for improving production efficiency and product quality. These devices can not only achieve multi-angle and multi-directional complex processing, but also significantly improve processing speed and reduce labor costs, thus promoting the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry.

[0003] Since machining centers are usually used to process precision parts, they have high requirements for stability and machining accuracy. In order to ensure the stability and accuracy of machining centers, various measures are usually adopted to monitor and adjust the working status of the equipment. The detection and adjustment methods in the existing technology mainly rely on manual intervention and periodic shutdown inspections, which leads to low work efficiency and the risk of production interruption. Especially in the case of long-term continuous operation, the wear of the equipment and the influence of environmental factors may cause the positioning accuracy to gradually decrease and the temperature rise to be too high, which in turn affects the machining accuracy and equipment life. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a vertical five-axis machining center and a control method, which can ensure the machining accuracy and equipment life of the machining center.

[0005] In the first aspect, the present application provides a vertical five-axis machining center adopting the following technical solution: A vertical five-axis machining center comprises a controller and a frame, and a moving mechanism, a rotating mechanism, a machining mechanism and a tool changing mechanism installed on the frame, wherein the rotating mechanism is installed on the moving mechanism, and the machining mechanism and the tool changing mechanism are installed above the moving mechanism and the rotating mechanism; It also includes a detection mechanism, which is communicatively connected to the controller and includes an accuracy detection device and a temperature detection device; The precision detection device is used to detect the positioning data of the moving mechanism, rotating mechanism and processing mechanism, and upload the positioning data to the controller, and the controller is used to determine whether the current positioning accuracy needs to be adjusted according to the positioning data, and control the moving mechanism, rotating mechanism and processing mechanism to perform the precision adjustment process when adjustment is required; The temperature detection device is used to detect the temperature data of the moving mechanism, rotating mechanism, processing mechanism and tool changing mechanism, and upload the temperature to the controller. The controller is used to determine whether the current operating temperature needs to be adjusted based on the temperature data, and control the moving mechanism, rotating mechanism, processing mechanism and tool changing mechanism to perform the temperature adjustment process when adjustment is required.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, this application realizes real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment of each moving part of the vertical five-axis machining center by integrating precision detection equipment and temperature detection equipment. The data collected by the precision detection equipment through the laser interferometer and position sensor can help the controller to detect positioning deviations in time and make corrections, thereby ensuring processing accuracy and equipment life.

[0007] Preferably, the precision detection equipment comprises a laser interferometer and a position sensor, the laser interferometer is used to measure the actual displacement of the moving mechanism and the rotating mechanism, and the position sensor is used to monitor the actual position of the processing mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, the temperature detection device comprises a thermocouple and an infrared thermometer, the thermocouple is used to detect the internal temperature of the moving mechanism and the rotating mechanism, and the infrared thermometer is used to detect the surface temperature of the processing mechanism and the tool changing mechanism.

[0009] Preferably, the moving mechanism includes an X-axis sliding assembly and a Y-axis sliding assembly, the Y-axis sliding assembly is installed on the frame, the X-axis sliding assembly is installed on the Y-axis sliding assembly, and the rotating mechanism is installed on the X-axis sliding assembly; the X-axis sliding assembly is used to drive the rotating mechanism to move left and right in the horizontal direction; the Y-axis sliding assembly is used to drive the rotating mechanism to move forward and backward in the horizontal direction.

[0010] Preferably, the processing mechanism comprises a Z-axis moving assembly and a cutting assembly, the cutting assembly comprises a cutter head fixing member and a cutter head body, and the cutter head body is detachably mounted on the bottom of the cutter head fixing member; The Z-axis moving assembly is mounted on the frame, and the cutting assembly is mounted on the Z-axis moving assembly. The Z-axis moving assembly is used to drive the cutting assembly to move in a vertical direction toward or away from the rotating assembly.

[0011] Preferably, the rotating mechanism includes an A-axis turntable assembly, a C-axis turntable assembly and a clamping assembly, the A-axis turntable assembly is installed on the Y-axis sliding assembly, the C-axis turntable assembly is installed on the A-axis turntable assembly, the clamping assembly is installed on the C-axis turntable assembly, and the clamping assembly is used to clamp the part to be processed; the A-axis turntable assembly is used to drive the part to be processed to rotate in a vertical plane, and the C-axis turntable assembly is used to drive the part to be processed itself to rotate.

[0012] Preferably, the tool changing mechanism includes a tool storage assembly and a tool changing assembly, the tool storage assembly is installed on one side of the cutting assembly, the tool changing assembly is installed between the tool storage assembly and the cutting assembly, and the tool changing assembly is used to replace the tool head body on the cutting assembly and the tool changing assembly.

[0013] Preferably, the tool changing assembly includes a telescopic rod, a tool changing turntable and a tool changing arm, a tool head clamping portion is provided at both ends of the tool changing arm, the middle portion of the tool changing arm is connected to the telescopic rod, and the top of the telescopic rod is connected to the frame through the tool changing turntable; the telescopic rod is used to drive the tool changing arm to move in a vertical direction, and the tool changing turntable is used to drive the tool changing arm to rotate around the telescopic rod as the axis.

[0014] Preferably, the knife storage assembly includes a knife storage turntable and a plurality of knife storage parts installed on the knife storage turntable, and the knife storage parts include an inserting part, a rotating part and a connecting part; the inserting part is used to insert the cutter head body, and the connecting part is used to connect the connecting part of the knife storage turntable, the inserting part and the connecting part are rotationally connected via a rotating part, and the rotating part is used to drive the inserting part to rotate in a direction perpendicular to the knife storage turntable.

[0015] In the second aspect, a vertical five-axis machining center control method provided by the present application adopts the following technical solution: a vertical five-axis machining center control method, applied to a vertical five-axis machining center described in the first aspect, comprising: Obtain the positioning data uploaded by the accuracy detection device, and determine whether the current positioning accuracy needs to be adjusted based on the positioning data; When the accuracy needs to be adjusted, the moving mechanism, rotating mechanism and processing mechanism are controlled to perform the accuracy adjustment process; Obtain the temperature data uploaded by the temperature detection device, and determine whether the current temperature needs to be adjusted based on the temperature data; When the temperature needs to be adjusted, the moving mechanism, rotating mechanism, processing mechanism and tool changing mechanism are controlled to perform the temperature adjustment process.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution and the above control method, the present application realizes real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment of each moving part of the vertical five-axis machining center. The data collected by the precision detection equipment through the laser interferometer and the position sensor help the controller to detect the positioning deviation in time and make corrections, thereby ensuring the processing accuracy. The data collected by the temperature detection equipment through thermocouples and infrared thermometers help the controller to detect overheating in time and take cooling measures to avoid equipment damage and reduced processing quality due to excessive temperature. This automated detection and adjustment mechanism greatly improves the reliability and service life of the vertical five-axis machining center, while also improving production efficiency and product quality.

[0017] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. This application realizes real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment of each moving part of the vertical five-axis machining center by integrating precision detection equipment and temperature detection equipment. The data collected by the precision detection equipment through the laser interferometer and position sensor can help the controller to detect positioning deviations in time and make corrections, thereby ensuring processing accuracy and equipment life; 2. This application realizes real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment of each moving part of the vertical five-axis machining center. The data collected by the precision detection equipment through the laser interferometer and position sensor help the controller to detect positioning deviations in time and make corrections, thereby ensuring processing accuracy. The data collected by the temperature detection equipment through thermocouples and infrared thermometers help the controller to detect overheating in time and take cooling measures to avoid equipment damage and reduced processing quality due to excessive temperature. This automated detection and adjustment mechanism greatly improves the reliability and service life of the vertical five-axis machining center, while also improving production efficiency and product quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 1 of the present application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of controller connection in Example 1 of the present application; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the moving mechanism and the rotating mechanism of Example 1 of the present application; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the processing mechanism structure of Example 1 of the present application; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the tool changing mechanism structure of Example 1 of the present application; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the knife storage structure of Example 1 of the present application; In the figure, 1. controller; 2. frame; 3. moving mechanism; 31. X-axis sliding assembly; 32. Y-axis sliding assembly; 4. rotating mechanism; 41. A-axis turntable assembly; 42. C-axis turntable assembly; 43. clamping assembly; 5. processing mechanism; 51. Z-axis moving assembly; 52. cutting assembly; 521. tool head fixing part; 522. tool head body; 6. tool changing mechanism; 61. tool storage assembly; 611. tool storage turntable; 612. tool storage member; 6121. plug-in part; 6122. rotating part; 6123. connecting part; 62. tool changing assembly; 621. telescopic rod; 622. tool changing turntable; 623. tool changing arm; 624. tool head clamping part; 7. detection mechanism; 71. precision detection equipment; 72. temperature detection equipment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following is combined with Figure 1 -Attached Figure 6 , the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application are clearly and completely described. The described embodiments are only possible technical implementations of the present invention, not all possible implementations. Those skilled in the art can completely combine the embodiments of the present invention to obtain other embodiments without creative work, and these embodiments are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] The inventor of the present application has found that the existing vertical five-axis machining center has deficiencies in precision and temperature control, which can easily affect the processing quality and equipment life. For this reason, the present application mainly adopts a vertical five-axis machining center including a controller 1, a frame 2, a moving mechanism 3, a rotating mechanism 4, a machining mechanism 5, a tool changing mechanism 6 and a detection mechanism 7, which achieves the purpose of improving the machining accuracy and equipment stability through real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment. The present application is further described in detail below.

[0021] Embodiment 1: The present application embodiment provides a vertical five-axis machining center, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , including a controller 1, a frame 2, and a moving mechanism 3, a rotating mechanism 4, a processing mechanism 5, and a tool changing mechanism 6 installed on the frame 2. The rotating mechanism 4 is installed on the moving mechanism 3, and the processing mechanism 5 and the tool changing mechanism 6 are installed above the moving mechanism 3 and the rotating mechanism 4. In addition, it also includes a detection mechanism 7, which is connected to the controller 1 for communication, and the detection mechanism 7 includes an accuracy detection device 71 and a temperature detection device 72.

[0022] The precision detection device 71 of the embodiment of the present application is used to detect the positioning data of the moving mechanism 3, the rotating mechanism 4 and the processing mechanism 5, and upload the positioning data to the controller 1. The controller 1 determines whether the current positioning accuracy needs to be adjusted based on the positioning data, and controls the moving mechanism 3, the rotating mechanism 4 and the processing mechanism 5 to perform the precision adjustment process when adjustment is required. The temperature detection device 72 is used to detect the temperature data of the moving mechanism 3, the rotating mechanism 4, the processing mechanism 5 and the tool changing mechanism 6, and upload the temperature data to the controller 1. The controller 1 determines whether the current operating temperature needs to be adjusted based on the temperature data, and controls the moving mechanism 3, the rotating mechanism 4, the processing mechanism 5 and the tool changing mechanism 6 to perform the temperature adjustment process when adjustment is required.

[0023] In the specific implementation process, the precision detection device 71 may include a laser interferometer and a position sensor. The laser interferometer is used to measure the actual displacement of the moving mechanism 3 and the rotating mechanism 4, and the position sensor is used to monitor the actual position of the processing mechanism 5. The laser interferometer is a high-precision displacement measuring instrument that can measure at the micron or even sub-micron level, which is very suitable for precision processing application scenarios. The position sensor can be a photoelectric encoder or a magnetic induction encoder, both of which can provide high-resolution position feedback information.

[0024] The temperature detection device 72 includes a thermocouple and an infrared thermometer. The thermocouple is used to detect the internal temperature of the moving mechanism 3 and the rotating mechanism 4, and the infrared thermometer is used to detect the surface temperature of the processing mechanism 5 and the tool changing mechanism 6. Thermocouples have the characteristics of fast response speed and wide temperature measurement range, and are suitable for temperature monitoring in high temperature environments. The infrared thermometer is a non-contact temperature measurement tool that can monitor the surface temperature of key components in real time without interfering with normal work.

[0025] like Figure 3 As shown, the mobile mechanism 3 of the embodiment of the present application includes an X-axis sliding assembly 31 and a Y-axis sliding assembly 32, the Y-axis sliding assembly 32 is mounted on the frame 2, the X-axis sliding assembly 31 is mounted on the Y-axis sliding assembly 32, and the rotating mechanism 4 is mounted on the X-axis sliding assembly 31. The X-axis sliding assembly 31 is used to drive the rotating mechanism 4 to move left and right in the horizontal direction, and the Y-axis sliding assembly 32 is used to drive the rotating mechanism 4 to move forward and backward in the horizontal direction. In the specific implementation process, the X-axis sliding assembly 31 can adopt a ball screw pair, which has the characteristics of high precision and low friction, and is suitable for precision machining requirements. The Y-axis sliding assembly 32 can also adopt a similar structure, or select a linear guide in combination with a servo motor to achieve a smoother movement.

[0026] like Figure 3 As shown, the rotating mechanism 4 of the embodiment of the present application includes an A-axis turntable assembly 41, a C-axis turntable assembly 42 and a clamping assembly 43. The A-axis turntable assembly 41 is mounted on the Y-axis sliding assembly 32, the C-axis turntable assembly 42 is mounted on the A-axis turntable assembly 41, and the clamping assembly 43 is mounted on the C-axis turntable assembly 42. The clamping assembly 43 is used to clamp the part to be processed. The A-axis turntable assembly 41 is used to drive the part to be processed to rotate in the vertical plane, and the C-axis turntable assembly 42 is used to drive the part to be processed to rotate itself. In the specific implementation process, the A-axis turntable assembly 41 can adopt a worm gear transmission method, and the worm gear has a self-locking characteristic and can maintain a high stability in the stopped state. The C-axis turntable assembly 42 can choose a gear rack transmission method, and the gear rack transmission can achieve high-precision and smooth rotation. The clamping assembly 43 can adopt a clamping claw cylinder, adjust the clamping size according to the size of the part to be processed, and stably fix the part to be processed on the clamping assembly 43.

[0027] like Figure 4 As shown, the processing mechanism 5 of the embodiment of the present application includes a Z-axis moving component 51 and a cutting component 52, and the cutting component 52 includes a cutter head fixing part 521 and a cutter head body 522, and the cutter head body 522 is detachably mounted on the bottom of the cutter head fixing part 521. The Z-axis moving component 51 is mounted on the frame 2, and the cutting component 52 is mounted on the Z-axis moving component 51. The Z-axis moving component 51 is used to drive the cutting component 52 to move in the vertical direction toward or away from the rotating component. In the specific implementation process, the Z-axis moving component 51 can be driven by a cylinder. The cylinder has the characteristics of fast response and high rigidity, and is suitable for high-speed cutting occasions. In addition, a hydraulic cylinder or an electric push rod can also be selected as an alternative to adapt to different application scenarios.

[0028] like Figure 5 As shown, the tool changing mechanism 6 of the embodiment of the present application includes a tool storage assembly 61 and a tool changing assembly 62. The tool storage assembly 61 is installed on one side of the cutting assembly 52, and the tool changing assembly 62 is installed between the tool storage assembly 61 and the cutting assembly 52. ​​The tool changing assembly 62 is used to replace the cutter head body 522 on the cutting assembly 52 and the tool changing assembly 62. The tool changing assembly 62 includes a telescopic rod 621, a tool changing turntable 622 and a tool changing arm 623. The two ends of the tool changing arm 623 are provided with a tool head clamping portion 624. The middle part of the tool changing arm 623 is connected to the telescopic rod 621, and the top of the telescopic rod 621 is connected to the frame 2 through the tool changing turntable 622. The telescopic rod 621 is used to drive the tool changing arm 623 to move in the vertical direction, and the tool changing turntable 622 is used to drive the tool changing arm 623 to rotate with the telescopic rod 621 as the axis.

[0029] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the knife storage assembly 61 of the embodiment of the present application includes a knife storage turntable 611 and a plurality of knife storage members 612 installed on the knife storage turntable 611, and the knife storage member 612 includes a plug-in portion 6121, a rotating portion 6122 and a connecting portion 6123. The plug-in portion 6121 is used to plug the cutter head body 522, and the connecting portion 6123 is used to connect the connecting portion 6123 of the knife storage turntable 611. The plug-in portion 6121 and the connecting portion 6123 are rotationally connected through the rotating portion 6122, and the rotating portion 6122 is used to drive the plug-in portion 6121 to rotate in a direction perpendicular to the knife storage turntable 611. In the specific implementation process, the knife storage assembly 61 can adopt a circular or polygonal layout, and can store a variety of different types, sizes, and models of cutter heads. The knife storage turntable 611 can be driven by a stepper motor to achieve accurate tool switching. The advantage of this design is that it can achieve fast and accurate tool change operations, reduce tool change time, and improve production efficiency.

[0030] When the cutter head body 522 installed on the processing assembly needs to be disassembled, the cutter storage turntable 611 rotates the empty cutter storage member 612 to the bottom of the cutter storage turntable 611, and the rotating part 6122 of the cutter storage member 612 rotates the plug-in part 6121 downward to be perpendicular to the cutter storage turntable 611. The telescopic rod 621 drives the tool changing arm 623 to move downward, the tool changing turntable 622 drives one end of the tool changing arm 623 to rotate to the bottom of the processing assembly, the telescopic rod 621 drives the tool changing arm 623 to move upward again, so that the cutter head body 522 on the processing assembly is inserted into the cutter head clamping part 624 of the tool changing arm 623 for fixing, the telescopic rod 621 drives the tool changing arm 623 to move downward again, so that the cutter head body 522 is separated from the cutter head fixing part 521, the tool changing turntable 622 drives the cutter head body 522 fixed on the tool changing arm 623 to rotate to the bottom of the cutter storage part 612, the telescopic rod 621 drives the tool changing arm 623 to move upward again, so that the cutter head body 522 is inserted into the plug-in part 6121 of the cutter storage part 612. The process of disassembling and storing the cutter head body 522 is completed. When the cutter head body 522 stored in the cutter storage assembly 61 needs to be installed to the processing assembly, the above steps only need to be reversed.

[0031] The implementation principle of this embodiment is: by integrating the precision detection device 71 and the temperature detection device 72, real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment of each moving part of the vertical five-axis machining center are realized. The data collected by the precision detection device 71 through the laser interferometer and the position sensor can help the controller 1 to detect the positioning deviation in time and make corrections, thereby ensuring the machining accuracy. The data collected by the temperature detection device 72 through the thermocouple and the infrared thermometer can help the controller 1 to detect overheating in time and take cooling measures to avoid equipment damage and reduced machining quality due to excessive temperature. This automated detection and adjustment mechanism greatly improves the reliability and service life of the vertical five-axis machining center, while also improving production efficiency and product quality.

[0032] This embodiment further provides a vertical five-axis machining center control method, which is applied to a vertical five-axis machining center described in any of the above embodiments, and includes the following steps: S1: Obtain the positioning data uploaded by the accuracy detection device 71, and determine whether the current positioning accuracy needs to be adjusted based on the positioning data.

[0033] Specifically, the precision detection equipment 71 includes a laser interferometer and a position sensor. The laser interferometer measures the actual displacement of the moving mechanism 3 and the rotating mechanism 4. By comparing the actual displacement with the standard data, it can be determined whether the current positioning accuracy of the moving mechanism 3 and the rotating mechanism 4 needs to be adjusted. The position sensor monitors the actual position of the processing mechanism 5. By comparing the actual position with the standard position, it can be determined whether the current positioning accuracy of the processing mechanism 5 needs to be adjusted.

[0034] S2: When the accuracy needs to be adjusted, the moving mechanism 3, the rotating mechanism 4 and the processing mechanism 5 are controlled to perform the accuracy adjustment process.

[0035] Specifically, a magnetic measuring block and a lever dial indicator or a lever micrometer can be used to adjust the position of the workpiece to ensure the verticality of the machined surface. An optical tool setting instrument can also be used to correct the vertical offset of the machined component.

[0036] S3: Obtain the temperature data uploaded by the temperature detection device 72, and determine whether the current temperature needs to be adjusted based on the temperature data.

[0037] Specifically, the temperature detection device 72 includes a thermocouple and an infrared thermometer. The thermocouple detects the internal temperature of the moving mechanism 3 and the rotating mechanism 4. By comparing the internal temperature with the preset standard temperature, it can be determined whether the internal temperature of the moving mechanism and the rotating mechanism 4 needs to be adjusted. The infrared thermometer is used to detect the surface temperature of the processing mechanism 5 and the tool changing mechanism 6. By comparing the surface temperature with the preset standard temperature, it can be determined whether the surface temperature of the processing mechanism 5 and the tool changing mechanism 6 needs to be adjusted.

[0038] S4: When the temperature needs to be adjusted, the moving mechanism 3, the rotating mechanism 4, the processing mechanism 5 and the tool changing mechanism 6 are controlled to perform the temperature adjustment process.

[0039] Specifically, when the temperature data is higher than the preset high temperature standard temperature, the cooling system is controlled to cool down the machining center, and oil cooling can be used for cooling. When the temperature data is lower than the preset low temperature standard temperature, the heating system is controlled to heat up the machining center.

[0040] The implementation principle of this embodiment is: through the above-mentioned control method, real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment of each moving part of the vertical five-axis machining center are realized. The data collected by the precision detection device 71 through the laser interferometer and the position sensor help the controller 1 to detect the positioning deviation in time and make corrections, thereby ensuring the processing accuracy. The data collected by the temperature detection device 72 through the thermocouple and the infrared thermometer help the controller 1 to detect overheating in time and take cooling measures to avoid equipment damage and reduced processing quality due to excessive temperature. This automated detection and adjustment mechanism greatly improves the reliability and service life of the vertical five-axis machining center, while also improving production efficiency and product quality.

[0041] Embodiment 2: The difference between this embodiment and the above-mentioned embodiment is that an optimized design of the cooling system is added. Specifically, in addition to the original precision detection equipment 71 and temperature detection equipment 72, an efficient cooling system is also added in the processing area. The cooling system includes an oil cooling pipe and an air cooling nozzle. The oil cooling pipe is arranged around the processing area, and the air cooling nozzle is installed near the processing component. The cooling intensity can be flexibly adjusted according to actual conditions. In the specific implementation process, the oil cooling pipe can be made of copper material. Copper has good thermal conductivity and can quickly take away heat. The air cooling nozzle can be made of stainless steel, which has strong corrosion resistance and is suitable for various harsh working conditions.

[0042] The design of the cooling system not only helps to reduce the heat generated during the processing and prevent processing errors and equipment damage caused by excessive temperature, but also improves the chip discharge conditions and reduces processing blockages caused by chip accumulation. In addition, the choice of coolant is also very important. Commonly used are oil-based coolants and water-based coolants. Oil-based coolants have good lubrication properties and are suitable for heavy-load cutting; water-based coolants have good heat dissipation properties and are suitable for light-load cutting. According to actual processing needs, you can choose the appropriate type of coolant to achieve the best cooling effect.

[0043] The implementation principle of this embodiment is: by adding an efficient cooling system, the stability and reliability of the vertical five-axis machining center are further enhanced. The introduction of the cooling system effectively controls the heat during the machining process, reduces the machining errors caused by temperature fluctuations, and prolongs the service life of the equipment. This improvement is particularly critical for high-precision machining tasks such as aerospace parts, which can significantly improve the product qualification rate and production efficiency.

[0044] Embodiment 3: The difference between this embodiment and the above-mentioned embodiment is that a redundant backup design is added for the situation of long-term continuous operation. Specifically, in addition to the basic moving mechanism 3, rotating mechanism 4, processing mechanism 5 and tool changing mechanism 6, spare precision detection equipment 71 and temperature detection equipment 72 are also additionally equipped. For example, each type of detection equipment is equipped with two sets, one set is the main equipment and the other is the spare equipment. When the main equipment fails, the spare equipment can immediately take over the work to ensure that the detection and adjustment are not affected. Similarly, the processing mechanism 5 and the tool changing mechanism 6 also adopt a dual-channel design. Even if one of the channels fails, the other channel can still continue to work to ensure the continuity of production.

[0045] The main purpose of redundant backup design is to improve the system's fault tolerance and risk resistance. In the case of long-term continuous operation, any problem in any part of the equipment will cause the entire production line to stop working, seriously affecting the production progress. By adding redundant backup, this risk can be effectively avoided to ensure the smooth progress of the production process. In addition, the existence of spare equipment also facilitates daily maintenance and repairs, and necessary maintenance and repairs can be carried out without affecting production.

[0046] The implementation principle of this embodiment is: by adding redundant backup design, the reliability and robustness of the vertical five-axis machining center are greatly improved. Redundant backup can not only cope with sudden failures, but also provide support during routine maintenance to ensure the continuity and stability of production. This is particularly important for large-scale production and processing of high-value products, which can significantly reduce production costs and improve economic benefits.

[0047] Embodiment 4: The difference between this embodiment and the above-mentioned embodiment is that a multifunctional tool library and an intelligent tool selection system are added to meet the processing requirements of special materials. Specifically, in addition to the standard tool changing mechanism 6, a multifunctional tool library is added, which stores a variety of tools with different functions, such as milling cutters, drill bits, turning tools, etc. The multifunctional tool library is managed by the intelligent tool selection system, which automatically selects the most suitable tool for assembly based on the requirements of the processing task. For example, when deep hole drilling is required, the intelligent tool selection system will give priority to long-shank drill bits; when precision cutting is required, small diamond tools will be selected.

[0048] The design of the multifunctional tool library not only expands the functions of the vertical five-axis machining center, enabling it to handle more types of machining tasks, but also improves tool utilization and reduces tool inventory costs. The intelligent tool selection system uses algorithm optimization to ensure that the tool selected each time is the best choice, improving machining efficiency and quality.

[0049] The implementation principle of this embodiment is: by adding a multifunctional tool library and an intelligent tool selection system, the vertical five-axis machining center has stronger adaptability and flexibility. The combination of the multifunctional tool library and the intelligent tool selection system enables the machining center to handle a variety of machining tasks more efficiently, especially when facing new materials and new processes. This improvement not only improves the overall performance of the equipment, but also brings higher market competitiveness to the enterprise.

[0050] Embodiment 5: The difference between this embodiment and the above embodiment is that: in response to the needs of remote operation and maintenance and diagnosis, a wireless communication module and cloud platform support are added. Specifically, in addition to the basic control system, a wireless communication module is also integrated to establish a connection with the cloud server via Wi-Fi or 4G / 5G network. The cloud server is responsible for collecting and analyzing data from each vertical five-axis machining center to generate real-time reports and predictive models. For example, through big data analysis, potential fault points can be warned in advance and preventive maintenance plans can be recommended. In addition, the cloud platform also supports remote control and parameter adjustment. Engineers can check the status of the equipment at any time through mobile phones or computers and perform remote debugging.

[0051] The support of wireless communication modules and cloud platforms not only facilitates the management and maintenance of equipment, but also improves the information management level of enterprises. Through real-time data analysis, we can better understand the operating status of equipment, discover and solve problems in time, and improve the availability and production efficiency of equipment. In addition, the remote control function reduces the workload of on-site operators, which is particularly suitable for distributed factories and multinational companies.

[0052] The implementation principle of this embodiment is: by adding wireless communication modules and cloud platform support, intelligent management and remote operation and maintenance of the vertical five-axis machining center are realized. This method not only simplifies the maintenance of the equipment, but also improves the reliability and production efficiency of the equipment. Especially in enterprises with global operations, this improvement is of greater significance, which can significantly reduce costs and improve competitiveness.

[0053] The embodiments of this specific implementation are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. The same components are represented by the same figure marks. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A vertical five-axis machining center, characterized in that: The invention comprises a controller (1) and a frame (2), and a moving mechanism (3), a rotating mechanism (4), a processing mechanism (5) and a tool changing mechanism (6) installed on the frame (2), wherein the rotating mechanism (4) is installed on the moving mechanism (3), and the processing mechanism (5) and the tool changing mechanism (6) are installed above the moving mechanism (3) and the rotating mechanism (4); It also includes a detection mechanism (7), the detection mechanism (7) is connected to the controller (1) for communication, and the detection mechanism (7) includes an accuracy detection device (71) and a temperature detection device (72); The precision detection device (71) is used to detect the positioning data of the moving mechanism (3), the rotating mechanism (4) and the processing mechanism (5), and upload the positioning data to the controller (1); the controller (1) is used to determine whether the current positioning accuracy needs to be adjusted according to the positioning data, and control the moving mechanism (3), the rotating mechanism (4) and the processing mechanism (5) to perform a precision adjustment process when adjustment is required; The temperature detection device (72) is used to detect the temperature data of the moving mechanism (3), the rotating mechanism (4), the processing mechanism (5) and the tool changing mechanism (6), and upload the temperature to the controller (1). The controller (1) is used to determine whether the current operating temperature needs to be adjusted based on the temperature data, and control the moving mechanism (3), the rotating mechanism (4), the processing mechanism (5) and the tool changing mechanism (6) to perform a temperature adjustment process when adjustment is required.

2. A vertical five-axis machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The precision detection device (71) comprises a laser interferometer and a position sensor, wherein the laser interferometer is used to measure the actual displacement of the moving mechanism (3) and the rotating mechanism (4), and the position sensor is used to monitor the actual position of the processing mechanism (5).

3. A vertical five-axis machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature detection device (72) comprises a thermocouple and an infrared thermometer, wherein the thermocouple is used to detect the internal temperature of the moving mechanism (3) and the rotating mechanism (4), and the infrared thermometer is used to detect the surface temperature of the processing mechanism (5) and the tool changing mechanism (6).

4. A vertical five-axis machining center according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The moving mechanism (3) comprises an X-axis sliding assembly (31) and a Y-axis sliding assembly (32), wherein the Y-axis sliding assembly (32) is mounted on the frame (2), the X-axis sliding assembly (31) is mounted on the Y-axis sliding assembly (32), and the rotating mechanism (4) is mounted on the X-axis sliding assembly (31); The X-axis sliding assembly (31) is used to drive the rotating mechanism (4) to move left and right along the horizontal direction; The Y-axis sliding assembly (32) is used to drive the rotating mechanism (4) to move forward and backward in the horizontal direction.

5. A vertical five-axis machining center according to claim 4, characterized in that: The processing mechanism (5) comprises a Z-axis moving assembly (51) and a cutting assembly (52), wherein the cutting assembly (52) comprises a cutter head fixing member (521) and a cutter head body (522), and the cutter head body (522) is detachably mounted on the bottom of the cutter head fixing member (521); The Z-axis moving assembly (51) is mounted on the frame (2), and the cutting assembly (52) is mounted on the Z-axis moving assembly (51). The Z-axis moving assembly (51) is used to drive the cutting assembly (52) to move in a vertical direction toward or away from the rotating assembly.

6. A vertical five-axis machining center according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism (4) comprises an A-axis turntable assembly (41), a C-axis turntable assembly (42) and a clamping assembly (43); the A-axis turntable assembly (41) is mounted on the Y-axis sliding assembly (32); the C-axis turntable assembly (42) is mounted on the A-axis turntable assembly (41); the clamping assembly (43) is mounted on the C-axis turntable assembly (42); and the clamping assembly (43) is used to clamp a part to be processed; The A-axis turntable assembly (41) is used to drive the part to be processed to rotate in a vertical plane, and the C-axis turntable assembly (42) is used to drive the part to be processed to rotate itself.

7. A vertical five-axis machining center according to claim 4, characterized in that: The tool changing mechanism (6) comprises a tool storing assembly (61) and a tool changing assembly (62); the tool storing assembly (61) is installed on one side of the cutting assembly (52); the tool changing assembly (62) is installed between the tool storing assembly (61) and the cutting assembly (52); the tool changing assembly (62) is used to replace the tool head body (522) on the cutting assembly (52) and the tool changing assembly (62).

8. A vertical five-axis machining center according to claim 7, characterized in that: The tool changing assembly (62) comprises a telescopic rod (621), a tool changing rotary disc (622) and a tool changing arm (623); both ends of the tool changing arm (623) are provided with a tool head clamping portion (624); the middle portion of the tool changing arm (623) is connected to the telescopic rod (621); and the top of the telescopic rod (621) is connected to the frame (2) via the tool changing rotary disc (622); The telescopic rod (621) is used to drive the tool changing arm (623) to move in a vertical direction, and the tool changing turntable (622) is used to drive the tool changing arm (623) to rotate around the telescopic rod (621) as an axis.

9. A vertical five-axis machining center according to claim 8, characterized in that: The knife storage assembly (61) comprises a knife storage turntable (611) and a plurality of knife storage members (612) mounted on the knife storage turntable (611), wherein the knife storage member (612) comprises a plug-in portion (6121), a rotating portion (6122) and a connecting portion (6123); The plug-in portion (6121) is used for plugging into the cutter head body (522), and the connecting portion (6123) is used for connecting to the connecting portion (6123) of the cutter storage turntable (611). The plug-in portion (6121) and the connecting portion (6123) are rotationally connected via a rotating portion (6122), and the rotating portion (6122) is used to drive the plug-in portion (6121) to rotate in a direction perpendicular to the cutter storage turntable (611).

10. A control method for a vertical five-axis machining center, characterized in that: A vertical five-axis machining center applied to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: Acquiring positioning data uploaded by the accuracy detection device (71), and judging whether the current positioning accuracy needs to be adjusted according to the positioning data; When the precision needs to be adjusted, the moving mechanism (3), the rotating mechanism (4) and the processing mechanism (5) are controlled to perform the precision adjustment process; Obtaining temperature data uploaded by a temperature detection device (72), and determining whether the current temperature needs to be adjusted based on the temperature data; When the temperature needs to be adjusted, the moving mechanism (3), the rotating mechanism (4), the processing mechanism (5) and the tool changing mechanism (6) are controlled to perform a temperature adjustment process.

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