A gas-liquid damping cylinder

Abstract

This invention discloses a pneumatic-hydraulic damping cylinder, comprising a damping oil cylinder and a pneumatic main cylinder. The damping oil cylinder further includes an outer cylinder body and an inner cylinder body. The front piston rod passes through the front end cover and the middle end cover. The front end cover and the middle end cover are provided with a pneumatic throttle valve, a manual throttle valve, and a one-way flow valve. The pneumatic throttle valve is provided with an external air hole and oil guide holes respectively connecting the outer cylinder body and the inner cylinder body. The oil guide holes of the outer cylinder body and the inner cylinder body are controlled to be blocked or opened by a piston driven by air through the external air hole. The manual throttle valve includes an adjusting screw, a copper valve core, and a throttle valve core. The adjusting screw and the copper valve core are located inside the adjusting valve port. The throttle valve core is provided with a throttle hole for oil to flow from the adjusting valve port and the oil guide hole of the adjusting valve port. The novel structural design of the pneumatic-hydraulic damping cylinder of this invention enables the pneumatic-hydraulic damping cylinder to operate under complex working conditions, with the piston rod performing slow in and slow out, fast in and fast out, slow in and fast out, and fast in and slow out working states, meeting the working condition requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pneumatic component technology, and specifically to a gas-liquid damping cylinder. Background Technology

[0002] A cylinder is a pneumatic actuator that uses compressed gas to drive a piston to reciprocate within the cylinder body, which in turn drives a piston rod to reciprocate the load. In some operating environments, it is required that the piston rod maintain a smooth movement during extension and retraction. However, existing cylinders are prone to disturbances caused by changes in the pressure difference of the compressed gas source, especially during piston rod extension and retraction, making it difficult to ensure stable cylinder movement. Therefore, a pneumatic-hydraulic damping cylinder has been developed. Compared to a direct hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic side of the pneumatic-hydraulic damping cylinder does not require a pump for oil supply. Instead, it has a sealed oil chamber. Utilizing the essentially incompressible nature of hydraulic oil, during piston movement within the oil chamber, when encountering external impacts or load changes, the hydraulic oil can absorb and dissipate energy, acting as a buffer and shock absorber. This makes the movement of the piston in the cylinder with the piston rod smoother, reducing mechanical vibration and noise.

[0003] However, existing gas-hydraulic damping cylinders, while designed to stabilize the cylinder, generally have a structure that fixes the flow of oil. Their function is limited to ensuring stable extension and retraction of the cylinder, which cannot adequately meet the needs of cylinders in complex working conditions or scenarios where the cylinder can extend and retract at different speeds. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a novel structural design for a gas-liquid damping cylinder, which enables the gas-liquid damping cylinder to operate under complex working conditions, with the piston rod performing slow in and slow out, fast in and fast out, slow in and fast out, and fast in and slow out working states, thus meeting the requirements of the working conditions.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a gas-liquid damping cylinder, comprising: a tubular cylinder barrel, the tubular cylinder barrel including a damping oil cylinder and a pneumatic main cylinder, the damping oil cylinder further including an outer cylinder body and an inner cylinder body; a piston rod, the piston rod having a pneumatic piston and a hydraulic piston, respectively located in the pneumatic main cylinder and the inner cylinder body; a cylinder cover, the cylinder cover being respectively located at the ends of the pneumatic main cylinder and the damping oil cylinder, the cylinder cover including a front end cover, a middle end cover and a rear end cover; the rear end cover and the middle end cover are provided with air ports for the pneumatic main cylinder, the piston rod passing through the front end cover and the middle end cover, the front end cover and the middle end cover each being provided with a plurality of valve bodies, the valve bodies including a pneumatic throttle valve, a manual throttle valve and a one-way flow valve, and a safety oil cup is also provided on the front end cover or the middle end cover; The pneumatic throttle valve includes a valve component and a piston component. The valve component is provided with an external air hole and an oil guide flow hole 1 connecting the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder respectively. The oil guide flow holes 1 of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are controlled to be blocked or opened by the piston component driven by the external air hole. The manual throttle valve includes an adjusting screw, a copper valve core, and a throttle valve core. The front end cover and the middle end cover are provided with an adjusting valve port and a throttle valve port. The adjusting screw and the copper valve core are located inside the adjusting valve port. The adjusting valve port is provided with an oil guide flow hole 2 connecting the outer cylinder and the throttle valve port. The throttle valve port is provided with an oil guide flow hole 3 connecting the inner cylinder. The throttle valve core is provided with a throttle hole for connecting the throttle valve port and the oil guide flow hole 3 of the throttle valve port.

[0006] As a further feature of the above scheme, the piston component inside the pneumatic throttle valve is configured as two fixedly connected sections, which are used to block the external air hole and the oil flow hole, respectively.

[0007] As a further feature of the above scheme, the regulating valve port is provided with a plurality of oil flow guide holes with openings distributed along the axial direction of the regulating valve port.

[0008] As a further feature of the above scheme, the piston and the end of the copper valve core are both abutted by a reset spring for releasing the blockage of the oil guide flow hole.

[0009] As a further feature of the above scheme, the one-way flow valve includes a one-way valve plug with an internal flow hole, a one-way plug is provided at the internal flow hole, the one-way plug is provided with a top spring to drive it to abut against and block the opening of the internal flow hole, and the front end cover and the middle end cover are provided with four guide oil flow holes for the one-way flow valve.

[0010] As a further feature of the above solution, the safety oil cup includes a cup body, a sealing plug, and an adjusting screw. The cup body is provided with an internal threaded hole. One end of the adjusting screw extends into the cup body to fix the sealing plug and the screw threaded into the internal threaded hole to adjust the size of the inner cavity of the cup body.

[0011] Beneficial effects:

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the gas-liquid damping cylinder of the present invention is equipped with two sets of manual and pneumatic throttle valves in conjunction with the gas-liquid series cylinder body, wherein:

[0013] 1. The pneumatic throttle valve can drive the piston by feeding external gas, and control and block the oil guide holes on both sides of the hydraulic cylinder piston to control the flow speed of oil on both sides of the piston, thereby affecting the speed of piston rod extension and retraction. When the oil guide hole is closed, the piston rod extension and retraction speed decreases, and when the oil guide hole is open, the piston rod extension and retraction speed is faster. It can adapt to the station requirements of driving the mold or workpiece at fast or slow speed under complex working conditions.

[0014] 2. The manual throttle valve is achieved by the combination of a control bolt and an adjusting screw. The control bolt can completely seal the manual throttle valve, and its function is similar to that of a pneumatic throttle valve. The adjusting screw can be replaced by the user to adjust the size of the internal throttle orifice of the adjusting screw, so as to meet the adjustment of the oil flow rate. It is not frequently adjusted. In the initial setup or when adjusting the cylinder extension and retraction speed of the whole set of equipment, the adjustment can be adapted to a certain extent by matching the throttle orifice diameter of the adjusting screw.

[0015] Compared with similar damping cylinders in the prior art, the pneumatic-hydraulic damping cylinder of the present invention can control the flow rate of the oil in the pneumatic damping cylinder by setting two sets of pneumatic and manual throttle valves, thereby realizing the control of the extension and retraction speed of the piston rod and realizing basic working states including fast advance and fast return, slow advance and slow return, fast advance and slow return, and slow advance and fast return, to meet the needs of various complex working conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gas-liquid damping cylinder of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the end cap in this invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the front cover of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the gas-liquid damping cylinder of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the end cap in this invention.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the front cover of the present invention.

[0022] Reference numerals: 1. Tubular cylinder; 12. Damping cylinder; 11. Pneumatic master cylinder; 111. Air inlet; 13. Inner cylinder body; 14. Outer cylinder body; 2. Piston rod; 21. Pneumatic piston; 22. Hydraulic piston; 3. Cylinder head; 31. Front end cover; 32. Middle end cover; 33. Rear end cover; 34. Adjusting valve port; 35. Throttle valve port; 41. Pneumatic throttle valve; 411. Valve component; 412. Piston component; 413. External air port; 4141. Guide oil flow hole one; 4142. Guide... Oil flow orifice 2; 4143, oil guide flow orifice 3; 4144, oil guide flow orifice 4; 42, manual throttle valve; 421, adjusting screw; 422, copper valve core; 423, throttle valve core; 4231, throttle orifice; 43, one-way flow valve; 431, one-way valve plug; 432, internal flow orifice; 433, one-way plug; 434, top spring; 5, safety oil cup; 51, cup body; 52, sealing plug; 53, adjusting screw; 54, internal threaded hole; 55, inner cavity; 8, return spring. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0024] like Figure 1-6A pneumatic-hydraulic damping cylinder is shown, comprising: a tubular cylinder 1, which includes a damping oil cylinder 12 and a pneumatic main cylinder 11, the damping oil cylinder 12 further including an outer cylinder body 14 and an inner cylinder body 13; a piston rod 2, which has a pneumatic piston 21 and a hydraulic piston 22, respectively located in the pneumatic main cylinder 11 and the inner cylinder body 13; and a cylinder cover 3, which is respectively located at the ends of the pneumatic main cylinder 11 and the damping oil cylinder 12, the cylinder cover 3 including a front end cover 31, a middle end cover 32 and a rear end cover 33; The rear end cover 33 and the middle end cover 32 are provided with air pipe ports 111 of the pneumatic master cylinder 11. The piston rod 2 passes through the front end cover 31 and the middle end cover 32. The front end cover 31 and the middle end cover 32 are each provided with a number of valve bodies. The valve bodies include a pneumatic throttle valve 41, a manual throttle valve 42, and a one-way flow valve 43. A safety oil cup 5 is also provided on the front end cover 31 or the middle end cover 32. The pneumatic throttle valve 41 includes a valve element 411 and a piston element 412. The valve element 411 is provided with an external air hole 413 and an oil guide flow hole 4141 that connects the outer cylinder body 14 and the inner cylinder body 13 respectively. The oil guide flow hole 4141 of the outer cylinder body 14 and the inner cylinder body 13 is controlled to be blocked or opened by the piston element 412 driven by the external air hole 413. The manual throttle valve 42 includes an adjusting screw 421, a copper valve core 422, and a throttle valve core 423. The front end cover 31 and the middle end cover 32 are provided with an adjusting valve port 34 and a throttle valve port 35. The adjusting screw 421 and the copper valve core 422 are located inside the adjusting valve port 34, and the adjusting valve port 34 is provided with a second oil guide hole 4142 connecting the outer cylinder 14 and the throttle valve port 35. The throttle valve port 35 is provided with a third oil guide hole 4143 connecting the inner cylinder 13. The throttle valve core 423 is provided with a throttle hole 4231 for connecting the throttle valve port 35 and the third oil guide hole 4143 of the throttle valve port 35.

[0025] As a further feature of the above scheme, the piston 412 inside the pneumatic throttle valve 41 is configured as two fixedly connected sections, which are used to block the external air hole 413 and the oil guide flow hole 4141, respectively.

[0026] As a further feature of the above scheme, the regulating valve port 34 is provided with a plurality of oil flow guide holes 4142 with openings distributed along the axial direction of the regulating valve port 34.

[0027] As a further provision of the above scheme, the ends of the piston 412 and the copper valve core 422 are both abutted by a reset spring 8 for releasing the blockage of the oil guide flow hole 4141.

[0028] As a further provision of the above scheme, the one-way flow valve 43 includes a one-way valve plug 431 with an internal flow hole 432. A one-way plug 433 is provided at the internal flow hole 432. The one-way plug 433 is provided with a top spring 434 to drive it to abut against and block the opening of the internal flow hole 432. The front end cover 31 and the middle end cover 32 are provided with oil guide holes 4144 for the one-way flow valve 43.

[0029] As a further feature of the above solution, the safety oil cup 5 includes a cup body 51, a sealing plug 52, and an adjusting screw 53. The cup body 51 is provided with an internal threaded hole 54. One end of the adjusting screw 53 extends into the cup body 51 to fix the sealing plug 52 and is threaded into the internal threaded hole 54 to adjust the size of the inner cavity 55 of the cup body 51.

[0030] The gas-liquid damping cylinder of the present invention, such as Figure 1-6 As shown, the device includes a coaxial pneumatic master cylinder 11 and a damping cylinder 12. An inner cylinder body 13 and an outer cylinder body 14 are provided inside the damping cylinder 12. Through the oil guide flow holes 4141 opened on the middle end cover 32 and the front end cover 31, the oil flows between the two sides of the hydraulic piston 22 in the inner cylinder body 13, thereby providing damping buffer force for the movement of the hydraulic piston 22. It is worth noting that the front end cover 31 and the rear end cover 33 of the present invention are provided with one-way flow valves 43 to ensure the basic flow volume and avoid relative interference between the damping cylinder 12 and the pneumatic master cylinder 11 when the manual throttle valve 42 and the pneumatic throttle valve 41 are closed at the same time.

[0031] The embodiments of the present invention include at least four working states: ① Rapid advance and rapid retraction: When the cylinder intake piston rod 2 extends, the oil guide flow holes 4142, 4143 and 4141 of the manual throttle valve 42 and the pneumatic throttle valve 41 are all in the open state. At this time, the oil guide flow hole 4141 between the outer cylinder body 14 and the inner cylinder body 13 of the damping cylinder 12 is open, the flow rate is the maximum, and the resistance of the oil to the hydraulic piston 22 of the piston rod 2 is the minimum. Thus, when the air pressure drives the air piston 21 to move the piston rod 2, the buffering force formed by the damping cylinder 12 is the minimum, and the piston rod 2 achieves rapid advance and rapid retraction. ② Slow advance and slow retreat: Similar to the technology in ①, when the manual throttle valve 42 and the pneumatic throttle valve 41 adjust and control the oil flow orifice 2 4142, oil flow orifice 3 4143 and oil flow orifice 1 4141 to close, the flow of oil in the damping cylinder 12 is reduced, and the flow of oil between the inner cylinder 13 and the outer cylinder 14 is slowed down, thereby forming a larger reverse buffer force on the hydraulic piston 22, realizing the slow advance and slow retreat working state of the piston rod 2; ③ Fast forward, slow backward: When the piston rod 2 is extended relative to the cylinder body by air pressure, as in state ①, the oil guide hole 4141 is fully opened. After the extension is completed, the piston rod 2 drives the external equipment to complete the action. When it needs to be retracted, the external air supply equipment controls the supply of air pressure to the pneumatic throttle valve 41 set on the middle end cover 32 and the front end cover 31, so that the piston 412 moves forward. The forward-moving piston 412 drives the front piston structure to block the oil guide hole 4141 of the pneumatic throttle valve 41, forming a blockage and reducing the flow of oil, forming a buffer for the extension and retraction of the piston rod 2, realizing fast forward, slow backward; ④ Slow forward, fast backward: Conversely, when the piston rod 2 extends, the pneumatic throttle valve 41 is filled with air to block the oil guide hole 4141. When the piston rod 2 retracts, the filling or evacuation is released. Based on the piston 412 and the return spring 8, the piston 412 retracts to release the blockage and restore the maximum flow, realizing slow forward, fast backward control.

[0032] It is worth noting that one purpose of the aforementioned manual throttle valve 42 is to increase the adjustment stroke. Secondly, the manual throttle valve 42 can be used to fine-tune the speed of the piston rod 2. By pushing the copper valve core 422 through the thread extension and retraction to switch the blocking of multiple oil flow holes in the vertical direction, the flow rate can be finely adjusted. By selecting the throttle hole 4231 in the throttle valve core 423, the flow rate can be controlled. The above-mentioned multiple adjustment methods allow the gas-liquid damping cylinder of the present invention to form a more precise adjustment and adapt to more complex working conditions.

[0033] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A gas-liquid damping cylinder, characterized in that, Includes: a tubular cylinder (1), which includes a damping cylinder (12) and a pneumatic master cylinder (11), the damping cylinder (12) further including an outer cylinder body (14) and an inner cylinder body (13); a piston rod (2), which has a pneumatic piston (21) and a hydraulic piston (22), located in the pneumatic master cylinder (11) and the inner cylinder body (13) respectively; and a cylinder head (3), which is located at the ends of the pneumatic master cylinder (11) and the damping cylinder (12), the cylinder head (3) including a front end cover (31), a middle end cover (32) and a rear end cover (33); The rear end cover (33) and the middle end cover (32) are provided with air pipe ports (111) of the pneumatic master cylinder (11). The piston rod (2) passes through the front end cover (31) and the middle end cover (32). The front end cover (31) and the middle end cover (32) are each provided with a number of valve bodies. The valve bodies include a pneumatic throttle valve (41), a manual throttle valve (42), and a one-way flow valve (43). A safety oil cup (5) is also provided on the front end cover (31) or the middle end cover (32). The pneumatic throttle valve (41) includes a valve component (411) and a piston component (412). The valve component (411) is provided with an external air hole (413) and an oil guide flow hole (4141) that connects the outer cylinder (14) and the inner cylinder (13) respectively. The oil guide flow hole (4141) of the outer cylinder (14) and the inner cylinder (13) is controlled to be blocked or opened by the piston component (412) driven by the external air hole (413). The manual throttle valve (42) includes an adjusting screw (421), a copper valve core (422), and a throttle valve core (423). The front end cover (31) and the middle end cover (32) are provided with an adjusting valve port (34) and a throttle valve port (35). The adjusting screw (421) and the copper valve core (422) are located inside the adjusting valve port (34). The adjusting valve port (34) is provided with an oil guide flow hole two (4142) connecting the outer cylinder (14) and the throttle valve port (35). The throttle valve port (35) is provided with an oil guide flow hole three (4143) connecting the inner cylinder (13). The throttle valve core (423) is provided with a throttle hole (4231) for connecting the throttle valve port (35) and the oil guide flow hole three (4143) of the throttle valve port (35).

2. The gas-liquid damping cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston (412) inside the pneumatic throttle valve (41) is configured as two fixedly connected sections, which are used to block the external air hole (413) and the oil flow hole (4141) respectively.

3. The gas-liquid damping cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regulating valve port (34) is provided with a plurality of oil guide flow holes (4142) with openings distributed along the axial direction of the regulating valve port (34).

4. A gas-liquid damping cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston (412) and the copper valve core (422) are both abutted by a reset spring (8) for releasing the blockage of the oil flow hole (4141).

5. A gas-liquid damping cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The one-way flow valve (43) includes a one-way valve plug (431) with an inner flow hole (432), and a one-way plug (433) is provided at the inner flow hole (432). The one-way plug (433) is provided with a top spring (434) to drive it to abut and block the opening of the inner flow hole (432). The front end cover (31) and the middle end cover (32) are provided with four guide oil flow holes (4144) for the one-way flow valve (43).

6. A gas-liquid damping cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The safety oil cup (5) includes a cup body (51), a sealing plug (52) and an adjusting screw (53). The cup body (51) is provided with an internal threaded hole (54). One end of the adjusting screw (53) extends into the cup body (51) to fix the sealing plug (52) and the screw thread engages with the internal threaded hole (54) to adjust the size of the inner cavity (55) of the cup body (51).

Images