Ground monitoring radar based on AOB phased array system

Abstract

The invention relates to a ground surveillance radar based on an AOB phased array system, and belongs to the technical field of phased arrays. According to the system, by adopting a highly integrated microwave monolithic integrated circuit (MMIC) technology and an advanced phased array technology, the design targets of small size, light weight and low power consumption are achieved, and the environmental adaptability, reliability and anti-interference capability of the radar are remarkably improved. The system innovatively integrates broadband signal processing, digital beam forming and target tracking algorithms, can realize high-precision and real-time detection and monitoring of ground moving targets under complex meteorological conditions, is suitable for various security scenes such as boundary protection, key infrastructure protection and emergency response, and has wide application prospects. And the security and protection monitoring efficiency and security are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of phased arrays and relates to a ground surveillance radar based on an AOB phased array system. Background Art

[0002] Ground surveillance radar is a type of all-day, all-weather, low-cost, high-precision surveillance radar system developed for the reconnaissance and surveillance of moving personnel, vehicles and other targets in short-range and large-field-of-view areas. Ground surveillance radar can be used in conjunction with a video system for important special scenarios such as border detection and surveillance, oil pipelines, airport perimeters, prison perimeters, and camp defense.

[0003] Traditional ground surveillance radar systems mainly use brick-type phased array or tile-type phased array systems, which have the following shortcomings:

[0004] Traditional phased array radars use discrete components and require a large number of connectors and cables, which makes the system bulky and heavy, making it difficult to carry and deploy.

[0005] Traditional phased array radars are sensitive to factors such as ambient temperature and humidity, and are easily affected by environmental factors, resulting in reduced system performance.

[0006] Traditional phased array radars have a large number of connectors and cables, which are prone to failure, resulting in reduced system reliability.

[0007] Traditional phased array radars have limited anti-interference capabilities and are easily affected by external electromagnetic interference, resulting in reduced system performance.

[0008] Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a ground surveillance radar system with high integration, small size, light weight, strong environmental adaptability, high reliability and strong anti-interference ability. Summary of the invention

[0009] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a ground surveillance radar based on the AOB phased array system. The radar supports continuous detection, positioning, tracking, imaging and identification of moving targets in the area around the clock; has detection performance that is not affected by climate and lighting conditions; has real-time output of target distance, speed, direction, type and other information, realizes suspicious target positioning, early warning and other functions; can set shielding areas and warning areas to realize target crossing alarm; supports linkage with other modules and supports target tracking; has a low false alarm probability and can effectively filter out environmental clutter false alarms such as trees, crops, clouds and rain.

[0010] The single pulse angle measurement and tracking technology can obtain the spatial position information of the target from one echo pulse, with the advantages of fast angle measurement speed, high data rate, high angle measurement accuracy, strong anti-interference ability, etc. Through the single pulse tracking technology, the target can be stably tracked and the azimuth angle of the target can be measured.

[0011] The amplitude and phase consistency of the radar active phased array antenna, if the manufacturing error is 0.02mm, the phase will differ by 1°. More importantly, if the antenna feed unit and the impedance metal substrate cannot achieve a good large-area connection, it will lead to poor grounding, impedance mismatch, antenna parasitic effects or dielectric loading effects, changes in radiation characteristics and many other problems, and it is even more impossible to achieve high performance indicators of the active phased array antenna. Therefore, the present invention innovatively implements the co-molding process technology of the phased array antenna surface. By integrating and applying high-precision composite microstrip manufacturing technology, precision CNC machining technology and high-precision lamination alignment technology, the microstrip antenna surface, feed network and impedance metal base are composited into one by isostatic lamination technology, realizing the integration of the antenna feed system, meeting the amplitude and phase consistency requirements of the antenna feed unit, environmental adaptability and reliability requirements.

[0012] The TR component is the core component of the radar, and the integrated manufacturing of the TR component is mainly achieved by assembly technologies such as high-density electronic assembly, chip microassembly, and step welding. The TR component is a hybrid integration of printed circuit boards, LTCC multilayer circuits, ceramic thin film circuits, composite microstrip circuits, etc., with high assembly density, and a high degree of integration of microwave devices such as transceiver chips and vector modulation chips in a limited assembly space. The power density is high, and the power chip is required to have a good heat dissipation foundation. The gold-tin eutectic solder has excellent creep resistance, fatigue failure resistance, and excellent thermal conductivity. Therefore, the present invention uses gold-tin eutectic solder to achieve thermal connection between the chip and the LTCC substrate.

[0013] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0014] Ground surveillance radar based on AOB phased array system, including:

[0015] At least four sets of phased array antenna extensions, each set of phased array antenna extensions includes: array antenna, feed network, chip-based TR transceiver component and beam control equipment; the array antenna is connected to the feed network through a microstrip line, and the feed network is responsible for distributing the RF signal to each TR component; the feed network is connected to the chip-based TR transceiver component, and the distributed RF signal is input to each TR component for amplification, phase shifting and attenuation processing; the chip-based TR transceiver component contains a transceiver switch to control the flow direction of the signal in the transmitting and receiving states; the chip-based TR transceiver component is connected to the beam control equipment, and the beam control equipment is responsible for controlling the phase and amplitude of the TR component according to the beam control instruction, thereby realizing beam scanning and forming;

[0016] At least one set of switch matrix extensions, feeding the RF excitation signals generated by the channel extensions to different phased array antennas, and realizing the switching of the receiving signals of different phased array antennas to the channel extensions;

[0017] At least one set of channel extensions, including: a frequency synthesis part, a transmitting channel and a receiving channel. The frequency synthesis part generates a reference clock and various local oscillator signals of the receiving channel and the transmitting channel; the transmitting channel performs secondary up-conversion, filtering and power amplification on the excitation signal and then outputs it to the antenna; the receiving channel performs down-conversion, amplification and filtering on the echo signal fed into the antenna and then outputs the intermediate frequency receiving signal to the signal processing part;

[0018] At least one set of comprehensive processing extension, including: signal processing unit, data processing extension and main control unit; the signal processing unit is used to realize the functions of electronic scanning beam switching, intermediate frequency signal sampling, low-pass filtering, amplitude and phase compensation, coherent accumulation, moving target detection, maximum energy position fusion of targets within the beam and centroid fusion of targets between beams; the data processing extension is used to realize the functions of target ranging, speed measurement, angle measurement and target tracking; the main control unit is used to solve, summarize and distribute various commands and parameters, and control various subsystems to work normally according to the established timing; the signal processing unit is connected with the data processing extension and the main control unit, and transmits the processed intermediate frequency signal and target detection results to the data processing extension and the main control unit; the data processing extension is connected with the main control unit, transmits the information of the target position, speed and type to the main control unit, and receives the control command of the main control unit; the main control unit is connected with each extension through the control interface, sends control commands, receives the status information and processing results of each extension, and summarizes and distributes them;

[0019] At least one set of power extensions to isolate the external input power and convert the input power voltage according to the power supply requirements of each extension;

[0020] At least one set of display and control equipment, including data processing, equipment parameter distribution and equipment information display, with target data statistics, display and map mapping functions, trajectory drawing, recording and playback functions of the departure target, and area customization and area management functions of any size and multiple attributes within the detection range of the equipment;

[0021] At least one set of radar algorithms and software, including radar back-end data processing and host computer software, host computer display software that implements radar target monitoring algorithm and human-computer interaction.

[0022] Furthermore, the TR transceiver component in the phased array antenna extension includes: a printed circuit board circuit, a LTCC multilayer circuit, a ceramic thin film circuit and a composite microstrip circuit; the printed circuit board circuit is the substrate of the TR transceiver component, which is used to carry other circuit modules; the LTCC multilayer circuit and the ceramic thin film circuit are microwave circuit modules, which are used to realize the functions of amplification, phase shifting and attenuation of radio frequency signals; the composite microstrip circuit is used to connect the printed circuit board circuit, the LTCC multilayer circuit and the ceramic thin film circuit, and realize the transmission of radio frequency signals; the radio frequency signal first enters the printed circuit board circuit, and then passes through the LTCC multilayer circuit and the ceramic thin film circuit for amplification, phase shifting and attenuation, and finally is output through the composite microstrip circuit.

[0023] Furthermore, the phased array antenna array surface adopts the co-molding process technology, and the microstrip antenna array surface, the feeding network and the impedance metal base are composited into one by using the isostatic lamination technology.

[0024] Furthermore, the chip of the TR component and the LTCC substrate are thermally connected by gold-tin eutectic solder.

[0025] Further, the frequency synthesis part of the channel extension includes:

[0026] A reference clock source is used to generate a system reference clock;

[0027] A local oscillator signal source is used to generate various local oscillator signals for receiving channels and transmitting channels;

[0028] The reference clock source generates a system reference clock signal, which is used as a time reference for the local oscillator signal source to control the generation and frequency of the local oscillator signal;

[0029] The local oscillator signal source receives a reference clock signal and generates various local oscillator signals for a receiving channel and a transmitting channel according to the reference clock signal.

[0030] Furthermore, the transmission channel of the channel extension includes:

[0031] An up-converter, used for up-converting the excitation signal;

[0032] Filter, used for filtering;

[0033] Power amplifier, used to amplify the RF signal to a certain power;

[0034] The up-converter receives the excitation signal and up-converts it to generate a radio frequency signal;

[0035] The filter receives the radio frequency signal output by the up-converter and performs filtering to remove the frequency component;

[0036] The power amplifier receives the RF signal output by the filter and amplifies it to a certain power to meet the transmission requirements.

[0037] Furthermore, the receiving channel of the channel extension includes:

[0038] A down converter, used for down-converting the echo signal;

[0039] Amplifier, used to amplify the signal;

[0040] Filter, used for filtering;

[0041] The downconverter receives the echo signal and downconverts it to generate an intermediate frequency signal;

[0042] The amplifier receives the intermediate frequency signal output by the down converter and amplifies it;

[0043] The filter receives the intermediate frequency signal output by the amplifier and performs filtering to remove the frequency component.

[0044] Furthermore, the signal processing unit of the comprehensive processing extension includes:

[0045] A beamformer for forming a beam;

[0046] Pulse compressor, used to compress pulses;

[0047] A coherent accumulator, used for coherent accumulation;

[0048] A moving target detector for detecting moving targets;

[0049] The maximum energy position fuser of the target within the beam is used to fuse the maximum energy position of the target within the beam;

[0050] Inter-beam target centroid fuser, used to fuse the centroid positions of targets between beams;

[0051] The beamformer receives the intermediate frequency signals from each TR component, forms a beam according to the beam control instructions, and directs the beam to the target area;

[0052] The pulse compressor receives the intermediate frequency signal output by the beamformer and performs pulse compression to improve the signal-to-noise ratio;

[0053] The coherent integrator receives the intermediate frequency signal output by the pulse compressor and performs coherent accumulation to improve the detection probability;

[0054] The moving target detector receives the intermediate frequency signal output by the coherent accumulator and detects the moving target;

[0055] The maximum energy position fuser for the target within the beam receives the moving target detection results from multiple beams and fuses the maximum energy position of the target within the beam;

[0056] The inter-beam target centroid fuser receives target maximum energy position information from multiple beams and fuses the centroid positions of the targets between beams.

[0057] Furthermore, the data processing extension of the comprehensive processing extension includes:

[0058] a target range finder, receiving the target position information from the signal processing unit and measuring the distance to the target;

[0059] A target speed detector receives the target position information from the signal processing unit and measures the speed of the target;

[0060] a target goniometer, receiving the target position information from the signal processing unit and measuring the azimuth of the target;

[0061] The target tracker receives target parameter information from the target rangefinder, target speed meter and target angle meter, and performs target tracking.

[0062] Further, the main control unit of the comprehensive processing extension includes:

[0063] The solver receives status information and processing results from each extension and solves various parameters;

[0064] The aggregator receives the parameters and various information solved by the solver and summarizes them;

[0065] The distributor receives the information and commands summarized by the aggregator and distributes them to each extension;

[0066] The controller receives commands from the distributor and controls each subsystem to work normally according to the established sequence.

[0067] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that in order to effectively improve the environmental adaptability of the radar and ensure its reliability during long-term storage and in harsh working environments, it is necessary to carry out thermal, mechanical and climatological systematic protection to ensure the environmental adaptability and reliability of the equipment. The radar operates at Ku frequency, with a high frequency band and a wide frequency band. The existing mature polyurethane varnish and silicone varnish coating protection technology, water vapor sealing / electromagnetic shielding composite protection technology and airtight packaging technology can respectively solve the environmental protection requirements of low-frequency circuits below the L band, power amplifiers and differential network passive high-frequency circuits and bare chip assembly TR components. The radar frequency integrated extension, channel extension, etc. operate in the Ku frequency band, and the high-frequency circuit protection technology requirements are high. The use of coating protection technology significantly affects its high-frequency characteristics such as distributed parameters, transmission, impedance matching, etc., and it is difficult to use water vapor sealing / electromagnetic shielding composite protection technology and airtight packaging technology due to the requirements of miniaturization and lightweight as well as cost and maintainability. Therefore, high-frequency circuit protection is a key factor restricting the protection of the radar system. Parylene coating technology adopts high-frequency polymer material vapor deposition technology to achieve the Ku-band circuit protection requirements and realize engineering applications, laying a theoretical foundation and engineering application experience for the Ku-band high-frequency circuit protection of the radar, and can effectively improve the environmental adaptability of the radar.

[0068] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described in the following description to some extent, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the following examination and study, or can be taught from the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0069] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0070] Figure 1 Provide a block diagram for ground surveillance radar;

[0071] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the working principle of ground monitoring radar;

[0072] Figure 3 This is the information flow chart for ground surveillance radar;

[0073] Figure 4 This is the structural dimensions of the ground surveillance radar;

[0074] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the ground surveillance radar. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0075] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention by specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments only illustrate the basic concept of the present invention in a schematic manner, and the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0076] Among them, the drawings are only used for illustrative explanations, and they only represent schematic diagrams rather than actual pictures, and should not be understood as limitations on the present invention. In order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of actual products. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.

[0077] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc. indicate the orientation or position relationship, they are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the position relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0078] The radar is composed of 4 flat-panel arrays to achieve 360° detection in azimuth. It mainly includes 4 sets of phased array antenna extensions, 1 set of switch matrix extensions, 1 set of signal processing extensions, 1 set of channel extensions, 1 set of comprehensive processing extensions, 1 set of power extensions and 1 set of radar algorithms and software. The block diagram is shown below. Figure 1 shown.

[0079] (1) Phased array antenna extension: including array antenna, feed network, chip-based TR transceiver components and wave control equipment, etc., to achieve RF signal synthesis, radiation and reception. When transmitting, the three RF excitation signals from the switch matrix are divided into four sub-array signals through the sum-difference network, and then amplified to a certain power through power division, digitally controlled phase shifting, and digitally controlled attenuation, and radiated by 48 antenna elements; when receiving, the echo signals from the 48 antenna elements are received, and after low noise amplification, digitally controlled attenuation, and phase shifting, they are combined into four RF signals, and then synthesized into three RF signals of sum, azimuth difference, and elevation difference through the sum-difference network and sent out;

[0080] (2) Switch matrix extension: The switch matrix consists of three single-pole four-throw switches: a combiner switch, an azimuth difference switch, and an elevation difference switch. It enables the RF excitation signal generated by the channel extension to be fed to different phased array antennas, and at the same time enables the receiving signal switches of different phased array antennas to be switched to the channel extension.

[0081] (3) Channel extension: It consists of three parts: frequency synthesis part, transmission channel and receiving channel. The main function of the frequency synthesis part is to provide the system with a reference clock and generate various local oscillator signals for the receiving channel and the transmitting channel; the main function of the transmitting channel is to perform secondary up-conversion, filtering and power amplification of the excitation signal and then output the signal to the antenna. The main function of the receiving channel is to perform down-conversion of the echo signal fed by the antenna, and after amplification and filtering, output the intermediate frequency reception signal to the signal processing part.

[0082] (4) Comprehensive processing subunit: including signal processing unit, data processing and main control unit. The signal processing unit realizes functions such as electronic scanning beam switching, intermediate frequency signal sampling, low-pass filtering, amplitude and phase compensation, coherent accumulation, moving target detection, maximum energy position fusion of targets within the beam, and centroid fusion of targets between beams. The data processing subunit includes basic functions such as target ranging, speed measurement, angle measurement and target tracking. The main control subunit is responsible for solving, summarizing and distributing various commands and parameters, and controlling each subsystem to work normally according to the established sequence.

[0083] (5) Power extension: Isolate the external input power and convert the input power voltage according to the power supply requirements of each extension.

[0084] (6) Display and control equipment: including data processing, device parameter distribution and device information display. It has the functions of statistics, display and map mapping of target data; trajectory drawing, recording and playback of departure targets; area customization and area management functions of any size and multiple attributes within the detection range of the equipment.

[0085] (7) Radar algorithm and software: including radar back-end data processing and host computer software, mainly implementing radar target monitoring algorithm and host computer display software for human-computer interaction.

[0086] According to the requirements for ground target reconnaissance, ground surveillance radar should have multiple working modes such as low power mode, standby mode, self-test mode, self-calibration mode, search mode, TWS tracking mode and TAS mode. The typical working modes and their content descriptions of ground surveillance radar are as follows:

[0087] Low power consumption mode: Each extension retains the necessary communication modules, the channel extension keeps outputting the reference clock, and other modules are powered off;

[0088] Standby mode: The TR module of the array extension is in the off state, and other extensions remain powered on and wait for work instructions;

[0089] Self-check mode: Each extension completes the self-check and reports the results;

[0090] Self-calibration mode: complete equipment calibration test;

[0091] Search mode: range-Doppler target detection processing for the reconnaissance area;

[0092] TWS tracking mode: In the state of searching and tracking, the radar obtains the target point trace and performs TWS tracking filtering processing;

[0093] TAS tracking mode: In the search and tracking state, the radar adjusts the beam while searching to track key targets.

[0094] The working principle and information flow of ground monitoring radar are as follows: Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in the transmitting state, the baseband waveform is generated by the integrated processing extension; the baseband waveform is converted into a Ku pulse modulated RF excitation signal by the up-conversion amplification channel of the integrated channel extension and fed to the switch matrix. The switch matrix switches the corresponding phased array antenna extension according to the scanning area. The RF excitation signal is fed to each TR component module through the feeding network of the phased array antenna extension. Each TR component module contains a corresponding power division network, which distributes the input RF signal to each TR channel. Each TR channel contains functions such as transceiver switch selection, high power amplification, power promotion, low noise amplification, phase shift and amplitude control and corresponding devices. The amplifier is used in the radar transmitting state, and the low noise amplifier is used in the receiving state. The TR transmitting channel phase-modulates the input low-power RF excitation signal and amplifies it into a high-power RF signal. The 24-channel transmitting signal is power-synthesized in space to form a certain beam direction. In the receiving work, after low noise amplification, secondary amplification, phase shift and amplitude control by the antenna radiation unit and TR component, 4 sub-array RF receiving signals are formed in the power division network. After the 4-channel sub-array RF signals are amplified, filtered and converted to intermediate frequency by the integrated channel extension, the terminal processing extension performs digital sampling, beamforming, pulse compression and other processing through the active acquisition module, and then transmits them to the signal processing module through the high-speed bus. The processing functions of the signal processing module include: pulse compression, coherent accumulation, target detection and angle measurement, etc., and the processing results are transmitted to the data processing module for target tracking processing. In addition to generating interfaces and timing control functions, the main control module also reports the processing results to the display and control device through the specified interface in the specified data format.

[0095] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the total weight of the ground monitoring radar is 15.3Kg, the total power consumption is 95W, the structural shape and dimensions are as follows: the radar shape is a tetrahedral boss, the maximum size of the boss is 463.5mm×463.5mm, the height is 90mm, the antenna pitch angle is 10°, and the middle is an assembly positioning hole with a diameter of 150mm, and the mounting hole is on the bottom of the radar. The main structure is mainly the radar support and the sealing cover plate, etc. The radar support is the structural carrier of the entire radar electronic equipment, providing the necessary working environment for each electronic equipment. All the hardware equipment of the radar is installed in the radar support, so the radar support should have the necessary rigidity, heat dissipation and sealing requirements. The invention has advanced technology, excellent indicators, convenient debugging, high integration, light weight, low cost, low power consumption, easy mass production, and good market prospects.

[0096] Example

[0097] (1) Preparation of phased array antenna extension

[0098] Each phased array antenna extension includes an array antenna, which is composed of multiple microstrip patch units and is manufactured using LTCC (low temperature co-fired ceramic) technology.

[0099] The feeding network adopts a microstrip line design and is tightly integrated with the array antenna on the same LTCC substrate.

[0100] TR components adopt MMIC technology. Each TR component includes a transmitter and a receiver, which are connected to the LTCC substrate through gold-tin eutectic solder to achieve thermal connection.

[0101] (2) Integration of radar signal processing unit

[0102] The signal processing unit includes a digital beam forming (DBF) module, a target detection and tracking module, and a data fusion and processing module.

[0103] The DBF module is implemented using FPGA, and rapid beam steering and shape control are achieved through software programming.

[0104] The target detection and tracking module uses digital signal processing technology to process the echo signal, extract target information and track it.

[0105] (3) System assembly and testing

[0106] Four sets of phased array antenna extensions are installed on the radar platform in a certain geometric layout to ensure coverage of the required surveillance area.

[0107] The signal processing unit is connected to the phased array antenna extension through a high-speed data interface to form a complete radar system.

[0108] Calibrate and test the radar system to ensure its performance meets the design requirements.

[0109] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ground surveillance radar based on an AOB phased array system, characterized in that: include: At least four sets of phased array antenna extensions, each set of phased array antenna extensions includes: array antenna, feed network, chip-based TR transceiver component and beam control equipment; the array antenna is connected to the feed network through a microstrip line, and the feed network is responsible for distributing the RF signal to each TR component; the feed network is connected to the chip-based TR transceiver component, and the distributed RF signal is input to each TR component for amplification, phase shifting and attenuation processing; the chip-based TR transceiver component contains a transceiver switch to control the flow direction of the signal in the transmitting and receiving states; the chip-based TR transceiver component is connected to the beam control equipment, and the beam control equipment is responsible for controlling the phase and amplitude of the TR component according to the beam control instruction, thereby realizing beam scanning and forming; At least one set of switch matrix extensions, feeding the RF excitation signals generated by the channel extensions to different phased array antennas, and realizing the switching of the receiving signals of different phased array antennas to the channel extensions; At least one set of channel extensions, including: a frequency synthesis part, a transmitting channel and a receiving channel. The frequency synthesis part generates a reference clock and various local oscillator signals of the receiving channel and the transmitting channel; the transmitting channel performs secondary up-conversion, filtering and power amplification on the excitation signal and then outputs it to the antenna; the receiving channel performs down-conversion, amplification and filtering on the echo signal fed into the antenna and then outputs the intermediate frequency receiving signal to the signal processing part; At least one set of comprehensive processing extension, including: signal processing unit, data processing extension and main control unit; the signal processing unit is used to realize the functions of electronic scanning beam switching, intermediate frequency signal sampling, low-pass filtering, amplitude and phase compensation, coherent accumulation, moving target detection, maximum energy position fusion of targets within the beam and centroid fusion of targets between beams; the data processing extension is used to realize the functions of target ranging, speed measurement, angle measurement and target tracking; the main control unit is used to solve, summarize and distribute various commands and parameters, and control various subsystems to work normally according to the established timing; the signal processing unit is connected with the data processing extension and the main control unit, and transmits the processed intermediate frequency signal and target detection results to the data processing extension and the main control unit; the data processing extension is connected with the main control unit, transmits the information of the target position, speed and type to the main control unit, and receives the control command of the main control unit; the main control unit is connected with each extension through the control interface, sends control commands, receives the status information and processing results of each extension, and summarizes and distributes them; At least one set of power extensions to isolate the external input power and convert the input power voltage according to the power supply requirements of each extension; At least one set of display and control equipment, including data processing, equipment parameter distribution and equipment information display, with target data statistics, display and map mapping functions, trajectory drawing, recording and playback functions of the departure target, and area customization and area management functions of any size and multiple attributes within the detection range of the equipment; At least one set of radar algorithms and software, including radar back-end data processing and host computer software, host computer display software that implements radar target monitoring algorithm and human-computer interaction.

2. The ground surveillance radar based on the AOB phased array system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The TR transceiver assembly in the phased array antenna extension includes: a printed circuit board circuit, a LTCC multilayer circuit, a ceramic thin film circuit and a composite microstrip circuit; the printed circuit board circuit is the substrate of the TR transceiver assembly and is used to carry other circuit modules; the LTCC multilayer circuit and the ceramic thin film circuit are microwave circuit modules and are used to realize the functions of amplification, phase shifting and attenuation of radio frequency signals; the composite microstrip circuit is used to connect the printed circuit board circuit, the LTCC multilayer circuit and the ceramic thin film circuit and realize the transmission of radio frequency signals; the radio frequency signal first enters the printed circuit board circuit, then is amplified, phase shifted and attenuated by the LTCC multilayer circuit and the ceramic thin film circuit, and finally is output through the composite microstrip circuit.

3. The ground surveillance radar based on the AOB phased array system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The phased array antenna array surface adopts the co-molding process technology, and the microstrip antenna array surface, the feeding network and the impedance metal base are composited into one by adopting the isostatic lamination technology.

4. The ground surveillance radar based on the AOB phased array system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The chip of the TR component and the LTCC substrate are thermally connected by using gold-tin eutectic solder.

5. The ground surveillance radar based on the AOB phased array system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frequency synthesis part of the channel extension includes: A reference clock source is used to generate a system reference clock; A local oscillator signal source is used to generate various local oscillator signals for receiving channels and transmitting channels; The reference clock source generates a system reference clock signal, which is used as a time reference for the local oscillator signal source to control the generation and frequency of the local oscillator signal; The local oscillator signal source receives a reference clock signal and generates various local oscillator signals for a receiving channel and a transmitting channel according to the reference clock signal.

6. The ground surveillance radar based on the AOB phased array system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission channel of the channel extension includes: An up-converter, used for up-converting the excitation signal; Filter, used for filtering; Power amplifier, used to amplify the RF signal to a certain power; The up-converter receives the excitation signal and up-converts it to generate a radio frequency signal; The filter receives the radio frequency signal output by the up-converter and performs filtering to remove the frequency component; The power amplifier receives the RF signal output by the filter and amplifies it to a certain power to meet the transmission requirements.

7. The ground surveillance radar based on the AOB phased array system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The receiving channel of the channel extension includes: A down converter, used for down-converting the echo signal; Amplifier, used to amplify the signal; Filter, used for filtering; The downconverter receives the echo signal and downconverts it to generate an intermediate frequency signal; The amplifier receives the intermediate frequency signal output by the down converter and amplifies it; The filter receives the intermediate frequency signal output by the amplifier and performs filtering to remove the frequency component.

8. The ground surveillance radar based on the AOB phased array system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The signal processing unit of the comprehensive processing extension includes: A beamformer for forming a beam; Pulse compressor, used to compress pulses; A coherent accumulator, used for coherent accumulation; A moving target detector for detecting moving targets; The maximum energy position fuser of the target within the beam is used to fuse the maximum energy position of the target within the beam; Inter-beam target centroid fuser, used to fuse the centroid positions of targets between beams; The beamformer receives the intermediate frequency signals from each TR component, forms a beam according to the beam control instructions, and directs the beam to the target area; The pulse compressor receives the intermediate frequency signal output by the beamformer and performs pulse compression to improve the signal-to-noise ratio; The coherent integrator receives the intermediate frequency signal output by the pulse compressor and performs coherent accumulation to improve the detection probability; The moving target detector receives the intermediate frequency signal output by the coherent accumulator and detects the moving target; The maximum energy position fuser for the target within the beam receives the moving target detection results from multiple beams and fuses the maximum energy position of the target within the beam; The inter-beam target centroid fuser receives target maximum energy position information from multiple beams and fuses the centroid positions of the targets between beams.

9. The ground surveillance radar based on the AOB phased array system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data processing extension of the comprehensive processing extension includes: a target range finder, receiving the target position information from the signal processing unit and measuring the distance to the target; A target speed detector receives the target position information from the signal processing unit and measures the speed of the target; a target goniometer, receiving the target position information from the signal processing unit and measuring the azimuth of the target; The target tracker receives target parameter information from the target rangefinder, target speed meter and target angle meter, and performs target tracking.

10. The ground surveillance radar based on the AOB phased array system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main control unit of the comprehensive processing extension includes: The solver receives status information and processing results from each extension and solves various parameters; The aggregator receives the parameters and various information solved by the solver and summarizes them; The distributor receives the information and commands summarized by the aggregator and distributes them to each extension; The controller receives commands from the distributor and controls each subsystem to work normally according to the established sequence.

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