Optical element, head-up display system and vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of head-up displays, in particular to an optical element, a head-up display and a vehicle. The optical element comprises a substrate lens, the substrate lens is a sheet-shaped lens, and a direction control unit and a dispersion unit are arranged on the substrate lens. According to the head-up display, the direction control and dispersion effect on the light path can be achieved through one optical element, the occupied space of the optical element is reduced, the overall size of the head-up display can be conveniently controlled, and meanwhile the cost of the optical element can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of head-up display, and in particular to an optical element, a head-up display system and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] HUD (head up display) is also called a head-up display. By projecting the light emitted by the HUD image source onto the imaging window (rear-mounted imaging board or vehicle windshield, etc.), the user can directly see the image without lowering his head, thereby improving the user experience. For example, in some cases, the driver can avoid being distracted by looking down at the dashboard while driving, thereby improving the driving safety factor and also providing a better driving experience.

[0003] Generally speaking, a head-up display system includes a head-up display and a reflective imaging module. In order to improve the display effect of the HUD, the image source display module of the HUD generally includes two parts: a diffusion element and a direction control element. This results in a complex optical path, occupies a large space, and causes the overall volume of the HUD to be larger. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems or at least partially solve the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides an optical element, a head-up display system and a vehicle.

[0005] The present disclosure provides an optical element, including a base lens, wherein the base lens is a sheet lens, and a direction control unit and a diffusion unit are arranged on the base lens.

[0006] Optionally, the direction control unit and the diffusion unit are configured as an integrated structural unit, and the integrated structural unit is configured as a microlens array and is disposed on at least one side surface of the base lens.

[0007] Optionally, the integrated structural unit is configured as a cylindrical microlens array, each of the cylindrical microlens has a deflection angle to incident light, and the deflection angle is determined by the focal length f and the eccentricity distance d of the cylindrical microlens.

[0008] Optionally, the cylindrical microlens array includes a first lens layer and a second lens layer, wherein the first lens layer is arranged on one side surface of the base lens, and the second lens layer is arranged on the same side or an opposite side of the base lens.

[0009] Optionally, the first lens layer includes a plurality of first cylindrical lenses continuously arranged along a first direction, and the light-emitting surfaces of at least some of the first cylindrical lenses are eccentric arc surfaces; the second lens layer includes a plurality of second cylindrical lenses continuously arranged along a second direction, and the light-emitting surfaces of at least some of the second cylindrical lenses are eccentric arc surfaces; and the second direction has an angle with the first direction.

[0010] Optionally, the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0011] Optionally, the integrated structural unit is configured as a spherical microlens array, each of the spherical microlens has a deflection angle to incident light, and the deflection angle is determined by the focal length f and the eccentric distance d of the spherical microlens.

[0012] Optionally, the spherical microlens array is arranged on a side surface of the base lens, and the spherical microlens array includes a plurality of spherical microlenses, and the light-emitting surfaces of at least some of the spherical lenses are eccentric arc surfaces.

[0013] Optionally, the aperture range of each microlens in the microlens array is greater than or equal to 500nm and less than or equal to 500um. When the microlens is a cylindrical microlens, the aperture is the width dimension of the cylindrical lens. When the microlens is a spherical microlens, the aperture includes the radial dimension of the spherical microlens along a third direction and the radial dimension along a fourth direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the fourth direction.

[0014] Optionally, the light emitting surface of each microlens in the microlens array is a convex surface or a concave surface.

[0015] Optionally, the range of the deflection angle is greater than or equal to -30 degrees and less than or equal to +30 degrees.

[0016] Optionally, the direction control unit and the diffusion unit are respectively arranged on two opposite side surfaces of the base lens.

[0017] Optionally, the diffusion unit is configured as a diffusion microlens array or a Saier pattern, and the direction control unit is configured as a direction control lens array.

[0018] The present disclosure also provides a head-up display system, comprising

[0019] The image source is used to emit image light, and the image source includes a backlight device, a light processing device and a display screen, and the light processing device includes an optical element as described in any one of the above items, and the optical element is arranged in the light path between the backlight device and the display screen;

[0020] A reflecting device is provided to reflect the image light to the eye box area to form a virtual image.

[0021] Optionally, the backlight device includes a backlight board, which includes a mounting substrate, multiple backlights and a driving board. The backlights are mounted on the mounting substrate, and the driving board is electrically connected to the backlights. The driving board or the mounting substrate is provided with a wiring circuit, and the multiple backlights are respectively connected to the corresponding wiring circuits so that the brightness of at least some of the backlights can be independently controlled through the driving board.

[0022] The present disclosure also provides a vehicle, comprising the above-mentioned head-up display system.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure has the following advantages:

[0024] The optical element provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a base lens, which is a sheet lens, and a direction control unit and a diffusion unit are arranged on the base lens. The direction control and diffusion effect of the light path can be achieved through one optical element, which reduces the space occupied by the optical element, thereby facilitating the control of the overall volume of the head-up display, and at the same time, can also reduce the cost of the optical element. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0027] Figure 1 This is the schematic diagram of the decentered lens;

[0028] Figure 2 A top view of an optical element according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Left view of

[0030] Figure 4 A bottom view of the optical element according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Right view of;

[0032] Figure 6 A top view of an optical element according to some other embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a front view of the optical element described in some other embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0034] Figure 8 It is a left side view of the optical element described in some other embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0035] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of a head-up display system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0036] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical element having a cylindrical lens array in some embodiments of the present disclosure, wherein the cylindrical surface is a convex surface;

[0037] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical element having a cylindrical lens array in some embodiments of the present disclosure, wherein the cylindrical surface is a convex surface;

[0038] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical element having a cylindrical lens array in some embodiments of the present disclosure, wherein the cylindrical surface is a concave surface;

[0039] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical element having a cylindrical lens array in some embodiments of the present disclosure, wherein the cylindrical surface is a concave surface;

[0040] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the head-up display system described in some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0041] Among them, 1. base lens; 2. first cylindrical lens; 3. second cylindrical lens; 4. spherical microlens; 10. transflective film; 20. windshield; 30. image source; 40. virtual image; 100. backlight device; 200. collimating lens; 300. direction control diffusion element; 400. display screen; 500. first reflector; 600. second reflector; 700. reflection device; 800. eye box area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present disclosure, the scheme of the present disclosure will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present disclosure and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0043] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; it is obvious that the embodiments in the specification are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0044] Figure 1The schematic diagram of the direction control principle of the eccentric lens is shown in Figure 1, where D is the aperture of the eccentric lens, d is the eccentric distance, f is the focal length, and θ is the eccentric angle. The deflection angle θ is determined by the focal length f and the eccentric distance d, and the angle θ = artan (d / f). By designing the focal length f and the eccentric distance d, the angle of the outgoing light of the eccentric lens can be controlled. The deflection angle of the eccentric lens for the directly incident light is between -30 degrees and +30 degrees.

[0045] like Figures 2 to 8 As shown, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an optical element, including a base lens 1, wherein the base lens 1 is a sheet lens, and a direction control unit and a diffusion unit are provided on the base lens 1. The direction control unit can control the direction of the light emission, and the diffusion unit can diffuse the light. The direction control and diffusion effect of the light path can be achieved through an optical element, which reduces the space occupied by the optical element, thereby facilitating the control of the overall volume of the head-up display, and at the same time, the cost of the optical element can be reduced.

[0046] Furthermore, the direction control unit and the diffusion unit are provided as an integrated structural unit, the integrated structural unit is provided as a microlens array, and the microlens array is provided on at least one side surface of the base lens. The integrated structural unit can achieve both direction control of the incident light and diffusion effect. Thus, it is convenient to improve the production efficiency of the optical element and reduce the production cost of the optical element.

[0047] Further, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, Figure 10-13 As shown, the integrated structural unit is configured as a cylindrical microlens array, and the cylindrical microlens array includes a plurality of cylindrical microlenses arranged in an array, and each cylindrical microlens has a deflection angle to the incident light, and the deflection angle is determined by the focal length f and the eccentric distance d of the cylindrical microlens. For example, wherein the deflection angle θ=artan(d / f). Thus, by adjusting the focal length f and the eccentric distance d of the cylindrical microlens, a suitable deflection angle can be obtained, thereby controlling the direction of the incident light of the optical element, so that a preset deflection angle is generated between the incident light and the outgoing light. At the same time, by setting a cylindrical microlens array, a diffusion effect of light can be achieved.

[0048] For example, Figure 10 to Figure 11 As shown in the figure, the design diagram of the eccentric convex cylindrical lens array is as follows: Figure 12-13 As shown, this is a schematic diagram of the design of an eccentric concave cylindrical lens array.

[0049] Further, such as Figures 2 to 5As shown, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the cylindrical microlens array includes a first lens layer and a second lens layer, the first lens layer is arranged on one side of the base lens, and the second lens layer is arranged on the same side or the opposite side of the base lens, and the direction of the incident light is controlled in different directions by superposition of the first lens layer and the second lens layer. For example, the first lens layer can control the deflection angle of the optical element in one direction, and the second lens layer can control the deflection angle of the optical element in another direction, such as the first lens layer can control the first deflection angle of the outgoing light in the horizontal direction, and the second lens layer can control the second deflection angle of the outgoing light in the vertical direction. By setting the first lens layer and the second lens layer, the deflection angle of the outgoing light can be adjusted in the two-dimensional direction, thereby controlling the propagation direction of the light in the three-dimensional space. For example, when the first lens layer and the second lens layer are arranged on the same side of the base lens, the first lens layer and the second lens layer can be arranged to intersect, and the structure after the intersection of the two is arranged on the surface of the base lens 1. Or, for example, when the first lens layer and the second lens layer are arranged on the opposite sides of the base lens, the first lens layer can be arranged on one side surface of the base lens 1, and the second lens layer can be arranged on the other side surface of the base lens 1.

[0050] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first lens layer includes a plurality of first cylindrical lenses 2 continuously arranged along the first direction, and the light-emitting surfaces of at least some of the first cylindrical lenses 2 are eccentric arc surfaces, and the second lens layer includes a plurality of second cylindrical lenses 3 continuously arranged along the second direction, and the light-emitting surfaces of at least some of the second cylindrical lenses 3 are eccentric arc surfaces, and an angle is formed between the second direction and the first direction. For example, the light-emitting surface of the first cylindrical lens 2 is a convex surface or a concave surface. The eccentric angle of the convex surface or the concave surface of the light-emitting surface of the first cylindrical lens 2 is set to control the eccentric angle of the light path in the first direction. In other words, the focal length f and the eccentric distance d of the first cylindrical lens 2 are used to control the deflection angle of the light in the first direction. Similarly, the light-emitting surface of the second cylindrical lens 3 is also a convex surface or a concave surface. The eccentric angle of the convex surface or the concave surface of the light-emitting surface of the second cylindrical lens 3 is set to control the eccentric angle of the light path in the second direction. In other words, the focal length f and the eccentric distance d of the second cylindrical lens 3 are used to control the deflection angle of the light in the second direction. Since there is an angle between the first direction and the second direction, the light path is superimposed by the first cylindrical lens 2 and the second cylindrical lens 3 to achieve direction control in a two-dimensional angle. It should be noted that the light-emitting surfaces of the multiple first cylindrical lenses of the first lens layer can be continuous convex surfaces or continuous concave surfaces, or have both convex surfaces and concave surfaces, and the outer surfaces of the multiple second cylindrical lenses of the second lens layer can also be continuous convex surfaces or continuous concave surfaces, or have both convex surfaces and concave surfaces, as long as the superposition of the first lens layer and the second lens layer can obtain the desired emission direction of the light path.

[0051] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular. For example, the first direction is the X direction, and the second direction is the Y direction. The first lens layer and the second lens layer are used to control the eccentricity of the light path in the X direction and the Y direction, thereby controlling the direction of the light path exit angle in a two-dimensional angle.

[0052] Further, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the light-emitting surface of the first lens layer and / or the second lens layer is a micro-transparent surface to form a diffusion unit. The first lens layer and the second lens layer can be arranged on the same side or opposite sides of the base lens 1. When the first lens layer and the second lens layer are arranged on the same side of the base lens 1, the structures of the first lens layer and the second lens layer can overlap. When the first lens layer and the second lens layer are arranged on the same side of the base lens 1, the surface of the lens layer can be formed into a micro-transparent surface by controlling the size of the cylindrical lens to achieve a diffusion effect. When the first lens layer and the second lens layer are arranged on opposite sides of the base lens 1, the first lens layer and the second lens layer are respectively arranged on two surfaces of the base lens 1. Similarly, the surface of the lens layer can be formed into a micro-transparent surface by controlling the size of the cylindrical lens to achieve a diffusion effect.

[0053] For example, the materials of the first lens layer and the second lens layer can be selected from PC plastic, glass or photoresist, and the material of the base lens 1 can be selected from PC plastic or glass.

[0054] For example, each first cylindrical lens 2 and each second cylindrical lens 3 can have an independently designed eccentric angle as needed. The deflection angle of the first cylindrical lens 2 and the second cylindrical lens 3 is mainly determined by the focal length f and the eccentric distance d of the lens. The size of each first cylindrical lens 2 and each second cylindrical lens 3 can be the same or different.

[0055] Further, such as Figures 6 to 8 As shown, in some other embodiments of the present disclosure, the integrated structural unit is configured as a spherical microlens array, and each spherical microlens has a deflection angle to the incident light, and the deflection angle is determined by the focal length f and the eccentric distance d of the spherical microlens. It should be understood here that the deflection angle of the spherical microlens to the incident light is in a two-dimensional direction, so the spherical microlens array can be set on one side surface of the base lens. The spherical microlens array includes a plurality of spherical microlenses, and the light-emitting surface of at least some of the spherical microlenses is an eccentric spherical surface. Thus, the eccentric angle of the light path in the two-dimensional direction can be controlled by controlling the eccentric angle of the spherical surface of the light-emitting surface of the spherical microlens. In other words, the deflection angle of the light in the two-dimensional direction is controlled by using the focal length f and the eccentric distance d of the spherical microlens.

[0056] For example, the light-emitting surface of the spherical microlens is an eccentric curved surface with a convex or concave center. From the appearance, each spherical microlens is a convex eccentric bulge or an eccentric pit. Each spherical microlens can control the emission direction of the light path at multiple angles. The shape of the orthographic projection of the spherical microlens can be rectangular or circular, and multiple spherical microlenses are evenly distributed on the base lens 1. In this embodiment, Figure 6 As shown, a plurality of spherical microlenses 4 are arranged on the same side of the base lens 1. The spherical microlenses 4 can achieve both direction control and diffusion effect. By controlling the size of the spherical microlenses 4 in the X and Y directions and the light deflection angle, the shape and size of the homogenized light spot after the light path is diffused can be controlled, and by controlling the eccentricity of the spherical microlenses 4, the emission direction of the emitted light can be controlled. That is, the deflection angle is controlled by controlling the focal length f and the eccentricity d of the spherical microlenses.

[0057] It should be noted that the light emitting surface of each spherical microlens 4 can be a convex surface or a concave surface, or can have both a convex surface and a concave surface, as long as the desired light emitting direction of the light path can be obtained.

[0058] It should be understood that the lens names such as “cylindrical lens” or “spherical microlens” mentioned above are for the convenience of description and do not impose specific limitations on the structure described in the present disclosure.

[0059] Furthermore, the aperture of each microlens in the microlens array is greater than or equal to 500 nm and less than or equal to 500 um. When the microlens is a cylindrical microlens, the aperture of the microlens is the width of the cylindrical lens, for example Figure 3 Dx or Figure 5 When the microlens is a spherical microlens, the aperture of the microlens includes the radial dimension of the spherical microlens along the third direction and the radial dimension along the fourth direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the fourth direction. Figure 6 and Figure 7 In the x-direction and y-direction, the apertures are Dx and Dy respectively.

[0060] Furthermore, the range of the deflection angle is greater than or equal to -30 degrees and less than or equal to 30 degrees. In other words, the optical element deflects the incident light at an angle between -30 degrees and +30 degrees. In this way, the deflection angle of the light can be accurately controlled.

[0061] In some other embodiments of the present disclosure, the diffusion unit and the direction control unit are not an integrated structure, and the diffusion unit and the direction control unit are independent structural units. The diffusion unit and the direction control unit can be arranged on the same side or opposite sides of the base lens, for example, the direction control unit and the diffusion unit are arranged on two opposite sides of the base lens 1, respectively.

[0062] In some embodiments, the direction control unit is configured as a direction control lens array, which is used to control the emission direction of light passing through the optical element; the dispersion unit is configured as a dispersion lens array or a Saier pattern, which is used to make the light passing through the optical element produce a dispersion effect, so that the incident light beam is formed into a light spot of a certain shape.

[0063] Furthermore, in some other embodiments of the present disclosure, the direction control lens array includes a plurality of Fresnel lenses distributed in an array. A Fresnel lens is a special optical lens whose surface profile includes an annular step, so that a certain focal length can be achieved while greatly reducing the thickness of the lens. This reduction in thickness is very useful in realizing a lens with a very large diameter and a huge refractive power. The characteristics of the Fresnel lens are used to reduce the overall thickness of the optical element, but the deflection direction can also be achieved through the structural design of the Fresnel lens.

[0064] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the diffusion unit includes a Saier pattern formed by etching on the base lens 1, that is, the diffusion effect on the light path is achieved by setting the Saier pattern.

[0065] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the light path can be diffused by setting the surface of the direction control unit or the surface of the base lens 1 to be in the form of a micro-transparent surface, or by setting a Saier pattern on the base lens 1.

[0066] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, a head-up display system is also provided, the head-up display system includes a head-up display, the head-up display includes an image source, the image source is used to emit image light, the image source includes a backlight device, a light processing device and a display screen, the light processing device includes the above-mentioned optical element, and the optical element is arranged in the light path between the backlight device and the display screen; the head-up display system also includes a reflection device, the reflection device reflects the image light to the eye box area to form a virtual image.

[0067] For example, Fig.14 As shown, the backlight device 100 emits backlight light, which is collimated by the collimating lens 200 and then incident on the direction-controlling diffusion element 300 (optical element). Then, the light is incident on the display screen 400 (such as an LCD) to form an image light. Then, the image light is processed by the intermediate optical path element (such as the folding process of the first reflector 500 and the second reflector 600) and then incident on the reflecting device 700 (such as incident on a windshield provided with a transflective film). After reflection by the reflecting device, the light is incident on the eye box area 800 where the human eye is located to form a virtual image.

[0068] In some embodiments, the backlight device includes a backlight board, which includes a mounting substrate, multiple backlights and a driving board. The backlights are mounted on the mounting substrate, the driving board is electrically connected to the backlights, the driving board or the mounting substrate is provided with a wiring circuit, and the multiple backlights are respectively connected to corresponding wiring circuits so that the brightness of at least some of the backlights can be independently controlled through the driving board.

[0069] For example, a head-up display includes a backlight device and an image generation unit, the backlight device includes a plurality of backlights, the image generation unit includes a display panel, the display panel includes a plurality of display areas, the plurality of display areas correspond one to one with the plurality of backlights, the control module determines the brightness information corresponding to each display area according to the image to be displayed on the display panel; determines the target brightness corresponding to each backlight according to the brightness information corresponding to each display area; and controls each backlight based on the target brightness corresponding to each backlight. When the head-up display provided by the present disclosure is displaying, the target brightness corresponding to each backlight is determined according to the image to be displayed, and the backlight is controlled according to the target brightness. By controlling each backlight individually, the light waste caused by lighting all the backlights is avoided, the power consumption is reduced, and the light utilization rate and image contrast are improved.

[0070] For example, according to the distribution of the display content in each display area in the image to be displayed, the display area of ​​the display panel can be divided into a dark area and a brightness area. The dark area is a display area with low display brightness (or no display content), and the bright area is a display area with high display brightness (or display content). The brightness information corresponding to the bright area and the dark area is different, and the target brightness of the backlight determined according to the brightness information is also different, so as to achieve the backlight control of the dark area and the bright area of ​​the image respectively. Since the backlight brightness of the dark area and the brightness is different, the effect of improving the image contrast can be achieved, and then the contrast of the virtual image formed by the head-up display is also improved. At the same time, reducing the brightness of the backlight corresponding to the dark area or turning off the backlight in the dark area can also reduce the backlight power consumption, thereby reducing the overall power consumption of the display panel.

[0071] For example, according to the image to be displayed on the display panel, a pixel group corresponding to each display area is determined, and the pixel group includes multiple pixels. Specifically, the image to be displayed is composed of multiple pixels, each pixel displays a color, and the pixel group in the image to be displayed corresponding to each display area can be determined according to the distribution of the display content in the image to be displayed in each display area, that is, the multiple pixels in the image to be displayed corresponding to each display area. Among them, the display panel includes multiple pixel units, each pixel unit corresponds to a group of three primary color filters, and one pixel in the image to be displayed corresponds to one pixel unit on the display panel.

[0072] For example, Fig. 9As shown, the head-up display system includes a head-up display and a reflective device, the reflective device is located at the light-emitting side of the image source 30 of the head-up display, and is configured to reflect the image light emitted by the image source 30 to the eye box area of ​​the head-up display, so that when the user's eyes are located in the eye box area, the virtual image 40 formed at the imaging position outside the reflective device can be viewed. The reflective device includes a windshield 20 and a transflective film 10.

[0073] For example, the head-up display uses a reflective device to reflect the outgoing light of the image source 30, so that the observer can simultaneously observe the virtual image formed outside the reflective device and the object outside the reflective device in the eye box area. When displaying, the head-up display system provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can control each backlight individually for the image to be displayed, thereby avoiding turning on all the backlights, and only turning on some of the backlights, and the luminous brightness of each backlight can also be independently controlled. By controlling the backlight of different areas corresponding to the image to be displayed, it is possible to turn off some of the backlights and light up other backlights, thereby improving the image contrast, thereby improving the contrast of the virtual image formed by the head-up display, and at the same time, it is also possible to reduce the power consumption of the head-up display by turning off some of the backlights or reducing the brightness of some of the backlights.

[0074] For example, the eye box area can be a preset area where the observer needs to view the image according to actual needs, that is, the eye box area (eyebox). The eye box area refers to the area where the observer's eyes are located and the image displayed on the head-up display can be seen. For example, it can be a flat area or a three-dimensional area.

[0075] On the basis of the above-mentioned implementation manner, the embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a means of transportation, including: the above-mentioned head-up display system, which has corresponding beneficial effects, and will not be described again here to avoid repeated description.

[0076] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0077] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure will not be limited to the embodiments described herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An optical element, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base lens (1), wherein the base lens (1) is a sheet lens, and a direction control unit and a diffusion unit are arranged on the base lens (1).

2. The optical element according to claim 1, characterized in that The direction control unit and the diffusion unit are arranged as an integrated structural unit, and the integrated structural unit is arranged as a microlens array and is arranged on at least one side surface of the base lens (1).

3. The optical element according to claim 2, characterized in that The integrated structural unit is configured as a cylindrical microlens array, each cylindrical microlens having a deflection angle to incident light, and the deflection angle is determined by the focal length f and the eccentric distance d of the cylindrical microlens.

4. The optical element according to claim 3, characterized in that The cylindrical microlens array comprises a first lens layer and a second lens layer, wherein the first lens layer is arranged on one side of the base lens (1), and the second lens layer is arranged on the same side or the opposite side of the base lens (1).

5. The optical element according to claim 4, characterized in that The first lens layer comprises a plurality of first cylindrical lenses (2) arranged continuously along a first direction, and the light-emitting surfaces of at least some of the first cylindrical lenses (2) are eccentric arc-shaped surfaces; the second lens layer comprises a plurality of second cylindrical lenses (3) arranged continuously along a second direction, and the light-emitting surfaces of at least some of the second cylindrical lenses (3) are eccentric arc-shaped surfaces; and the second direction and the first direction have an included angle.

6. The optical element according to claim 5, characterized in that The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

7. The optical element according to claim 2, characterized in that The integrated structural unit is configured as a spherical microlens array, each spherical microlens having a deflection angle to incident light, and the deflection angle is determined by the focal length f and the eccentric distance d of the spherical microlens.

8. The optical element according to claim 7, characterized in that The spherical microlens array is arranged on one side surface of the base lens (1), and comprises a plurality of spherical microlenses, and the light-emitting surfaces of at least some of the spherical lenses are eccentric arc surfaces.

9. The optical element according to claim 2, characterized in that The aperture range of each microlens in the microlens array is greater than or equal to 500nm and less than or equal to 500um. When the microlens is a cylindrical microlens, the aperture is the width dimension of the cylindrical lens. When the microlens is a spherical microlens, the aperture includes the radial dimension of the spherical microlens along the third direction and the radial dimension along the fourth direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the fourth direction.

10. The optical element according to claim 2, characterized in that The light emitting surface of each microlens in the microlens array is a convex surface or a concave surface.

11. The optical element according to claim 3 or 7, characterized in that: The range of the deflection angle is greater than or equal to -30 degrees and less than or equal to +30 degrees.

12. The optical element according to claim 1, characterized in that The direction control unit and the diffusion unit are respectively arranged on two opposite side surfaces of the base lens (1).

13. The optical element according to claim 11, characterized in that The diffusion unit is configured as a diffusion microlens array or a Saier pattern, and the direction control unit is configured as a direction control lens array.

14. A head-up display system, characterized in that: include: An image source, the image source is used to emit image light, the image source comprises a backlight device, a light processing device and a display screen, the light processing device comprises the optical element according to any one of claims 1 to 13, and the optical element is arranged in the light path between the backlight device and the display screen; A reflecting device is provided to reflect the image light to the eye box area to form a virtual image.

15. The head-up display system according to claim 14, characterized in that: The backlight device includes a backlight lamp board, which includes a mounting substrate, multiple backlights and a driving board. The backlights are mounted on the mounting substrate, and the driving board is electrically connected to the backlights. The driving board or the mounting substrate is provided with a wiring circuit, and the multiple backlights are respectively connected to the corresponding wiring circuits so that the brightness of at least some of the backlights can be independently controlled through the driving board.

16. A means of transport, characterized in that: Includes the head-up display system according to claim 14 or 15.

Images