Tobacco shred stem separating device and separating method

Abstract

The invention discloses a cut tobacco stem separating device and method. The separating device comprises a pressure equalizing chamber, an impurity discharging spiral conveyor, a star-shaped material throwing roller, an airflow material throwing mechanism, a winnowing box, a feeding hopper and a gathering cover. An air outlet is formed in the top of the pressure equalizing chamber; the winnowing box is positioned above the pressure equalizing chamber; the star-shaped material throwing roller is positioned at the air outlet; the airflow throwing mechanism and the feeding hopper are both communicated with a feeding port in the side face of the winnowing box. According to the tobacco shred and stem separating device, airflow is adopted for throwing materials, and light materials (such as tobacco shreds) and heavy materials (such as stems) are thrown into the winnowing box at different throwing speeds and angles. Meanwhile, when the materials are thrown by the air flow, the material throwing direction is upward inclined material throwing, the horizontal moving speed of the materials in the cavity of the winnowing box is low, the horizontal moving distance of the materials in unit time is short, the utilization rate of the winnowing box can be effectively increased, the length of the box can be effectively reduced, and the occupied area of equipment can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a tobacco stem and pick separation device, and in particular to a device and a separation method for separating tobacco stem and pick from tobacco. Background Art

[0002] The existing tobacco production line uses wind sorting to remove stems from tobacco before rolling. The principle is to achieve the purpose of sorting by blowing with a certain wind force according to the physical property difference between tobacco and stems. Figure 1 The tobacco wind separator shown in the figure is mainly composed of a cross gate N1, a discharging belt conveyor N2, a combing roller N3, a high-speed throwing belt conveyor N4, a tobacco wind selection box N5 and a screen cylinder N6. Its working process is: tobacco is fed into the feed port by a vibrating conveyor and falls onto the conveyor belt of the high-speed throwing belt conveyor N4. Driven by the high-speed moving conveyor belt, the tobacco is dispersed, and the material layer becomes thinner to form a tobacco flow. Under the action of inertia, the tobacco is scattered into the tobacco wind selection box N5. A screen cylinder is installed on the upper part of the tobacco wind selection box N5, and the screen cylinder is connected to the negative pressure suction pipe. Under the action of negative pressure suction, part of the air enters from the air inlet and outlet at the bottom of the wind selection box, forming an upward airflow, so that qualified tobacco floats up. Under the action of the upward floating airflow and its own inertia, the qualified tobacco drifts to the front end of the tobacco wind selection box N5 (toward the discharging port). As the front end of the tobacco wind selection box N5 increases its distance from the air inlet and outlet at the bottom of the wind selection box, the air entering from the air inlet and outlet at the bottom of the wind selection box forms an upward floating airflow velocity that gradually decreases. When the air flow velocity of the wind separation is less than the floating velocity of the tobacco, the tobacco falls downward onto the conveyor belt of the discharging belt conveyor N2. Qualified tobacco is transported to the cross gate by the discharging belt conveyor N2 and discharged from the discharging outlet. At the same time, materials with higher floating velocity (such as adhered tobacco, tows, stems, stem blocks and heavy debris) fall onto the rotating combing roller N3. The combing roller N3 has staggered nail teeth, and the materials falling on the combing roller N3 are torn by the nail teeth. In this process, the larger volume of adhered tobacco and tows become loose, and some of the tobacco is dispersed into free tobacco. The above-mentioned free tobacco and loose tows float upward into the wind selection box under the action of the upward airflow from the air inlet and outlet. At the same time, the smaller stalks, stalk blocks and heavy debris fall through the gaps between the nail teeth on the combing roller N3 and are discharged from the air inlet and debris outlet to achieve stalk separation.

[0003] In summary, the separation of tobacco shreds and stems is accomplished by the upward floating airflow and the inertia of the object itself. Therefore, the material throwing situation and the regulation and control of the wind speed of the wind separator are more important. Existing tobacco wind separators mostly use mechanical throwing (such as throwing rollers, high-speed throwing belts). When mechanical throwing is used, the throwing speed of light materials (such as tobacco shreds) and heavy materials (such as tobacco stems) is basically the same, and even the inertia of heavy materials (such as tobacco stems) is greater than that of light materials (such as tobacco shreds). In order to fully separate the materials, the wind separation box of the tobacco wind separator using mechanical throwing is generally required to have a larger cross-sectional area (length). This makes the existing tobacco wind separator occupy a large area and the air-to-material ratio of the wind separator is relatively low (low working efficiency).

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve the problems existing in the prior art and provides a tobacco stem and stick separation device, so as to reduce the floor space occupied by the device and improve the working efficiency of the device.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] The first aspect of the present invention provides a tobacco stem separation device, which comprises a pressure equalization chamber 1, a screw conveyor 2 for discharging impurities, a star-shaped throwing roller 3, an airflow throwing mechanism 4, an air separation box 5, a feed hopper 6, and a convergence cover 7;

[0008] The plenum chamber 1 has an air inlet 11 on the lower side, and an air outlet 12 on the top. The air inlet 11 is connected to the positive pressure air inlet duct.

[0009] The air separation box 5 is located above the plenum chamber 1, and the bottom of the air separation box 5 is connected to the plenum chamber air outlet 12 at the top of the plenum chamber 1, and the positive pressure wind in the plenum chamber 1 enters the air separation box 5 from the plenum chamber air outlet 12 at the top;

[0010] The star-shaped throwing roller 3 is located at the air outlet 12 of the plenum chamber at the top of the plenum chamber 1;

[0011] The impurity discharge screw conveyor 2 is located below the star-shaped throwing roller 3;

[0012] The side of the air separation box 5 has a feed port 51, the airflow throwing mechanism 4 and the feed hopper 6 are both connected to the feed port 51, and the feed hopper 6 is located above the airflow throwing mechanism 4;

[0013] The converging cover 7 is located above the air separation box 5. In the present invention, the upper and lower parts refer to the upper and lower parts in the direction of gravity.

[0014] Preferably, the airflow throwing mechanism 4 is installed obliquely upward at the middle of the side of the air separation box 5, and the airflow throwing mechanism 4 has a throwing plate 41 installed obliquely upward, and the angle between the throwing plate 41 and the side of the air separation box 5 is 30° to 60°. The airflow throwing mechanism 4 uses high-speed airflow to throw the material entering the feed hopper 6.

[0015] Preferably, the ejection plate 41 is provided with a narrow strip-shaped air outlet.

[0016] Preferably, the feed hopper 6 is installed obliquely downward in the middle of the side of the air separation box 5, and the angle between the feed hopper 6 and the side of the air separation box 5 is 30° to 60°.

[0017] Preferably, with the airflow throwing mechanism 4 as the dividing interface, the air separation box 5 is an air separation cavity which is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom.

[0018] Preferably, an adjustable air cavity adjustment plate 52 is installed at the lower part of the air separation box 5. An air cavity adjustment plate 52 capable of adjusting the size of the lower cross-sectional area (length) of the air separation box 5 is installed at the lower part of the air separation box 5. The size of the lower cross-sectional area (length) of the air separation box 5 can be adjusted as needed, thereby adjusting the air volume of the positive pressure air coming from the equalizing chamber.

[0019] Preferably, the pressure equalizing chamber 1 is provided with a first regulating damper 13, a second regulating damper 14, a guide plate 15 and a microporous pressure equalizing plate 16. The positive pressure wind entering can be adjusted to ensure that the airflow in the air separation box is stable and the wind speed at each location on the cross section of the air separation box is consistent. The regulating damper has two dampers, the first regulating damper 13 and the second regulating damper 14; the specific functions are as follows: by adjusting the upper and lower deflection angles of the first regulating damper 13, the air volume of the material thrown at the throwing plate is adjusted, thereby controlling the angle and speed of the material when entering the air separation box 5, and improving the separation effect of light materials and heavy materials; adjusting the upper and lower deflection angles of the second regulating damper 14 to adjust the air volume of the front and rear microporous pressure equalizing plates. The function of the guide plate 15 is to reduce the wind field resistance. The function of the microporous pressure equalizing plate 16 is to make the pressure on the cross section of the pressure equalizing chamber 1 consistent through the damping effect of the micropores, so as to ensure that the positive pressure wind speed entering the air separation box 5 is uniform and stable.

[0020] Preferably, the star-shaped throwing roller 3 is composed of stacked star-shaped throwing plates 31 which are spaced a certain distance apart from each other, and the star-shaped throwing plates 31 on two adjacent star-shaped throwing rollers 3 are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0021] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for separating tobacco stems and sticks, using the tobacco stem and stick separation device according to the first aspect of the present invention, and comprising the following steps:

[0022] S1, tobacco shreds and stems are fed into the feed hopper 6 by a vibrating conveyor and slide down into the airflow throwing mechanism 4. Under the action of airflow blowing of the airflow throwing mechanism 4, tobacco shreds in the tobacco shreds and stems are thrown into the air separation box 5, and adhered tobacco shreds, shreds, stems, stem blocks and heavy debris slide down into the air separation box 5;

[0023] S2, the air flow in the air separation box 5 is provided by the pressure equalization chamber 1. Under the action of the air flow, the free pure tobacco and light debris can float upward, and the adhered tobacco, shreds, stems, stem blocks and heavy debris fall onto the rotating star-shaped throwing roller 3;

[0024] S3, the material falling on the star-shaped throwing roller 3 is hit, shaken and torn by the star-shaped throwing plate, the adhering tobacco shreds and shreds become loose, and part of the tobacco shreds are dispersed into free tobacco shreds, which float upward under the action of the rising airflow;

[0025] S4, the qualified shredded tobacco floating in the cavity of the air separation box 5 is sucked and collected by the negative pressure suction of the converging hood 7, and transported to the dropper by the negative pressure suction pipe for material-gas separation. At the same time, stems, stem blocks and heavy debris fall from the gaps between the star-shaped throwing plates on the star-shaped throwing roller 3, and are output by the impurity discharge screw conveyor 2, completing the separation of shredded tobacco and stems.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. The tobacco shreds and stems separation device of the present invention adopts airflow throwing to achieve the goal of throwing light materials (such as tobacco shreds) and heavy materials (such as stems) into the air separation box at different throwing speeds and angles. At the same time, when the airflow throws the materials, the throwing direction is tilted upward, the speed of the material moving horizontally in the air separation box 5 cavity is low, and the distance of the material moving horizontally per unit time is short, which can effectively improve the utilization rate of the air separation box, reduce the length of the box, and achieve the purpose of reducing the equipment footprint.

[0028] 2. In the tobacco stem separation device of the present invention, the lower end of the air separation box is connected to the air outlet at the upper end of the equalizing chamber. The air from the air outlet at the upper end of the equalizing chamber enters the air separation box from the bottom of the air separation box to form an upward airflow. The lower part of the air separation box is equipped with an air cavity adjustment plate that can adjust the size of the cross-sectional area (length) of the lower part of the air separation box. The size of the cross-sectional area (length) of the lower part of the air separation box can be adjusted as needed, thereby adjusting the air volume of the positive pressure wind from the equalizing chamber to improve the working efficiency of the equipment.

[0029] 3. In the tobacco stem separation device of the present invention, the air inlet of the pressure equalization chamber is connected to the positive pressure air duct. The pressure equalization chamber is provided with an air regulating door, a guide plate and a microporous pressure equalization plate, which can adjust the positive pressure air entering. The air flow in the air separation box is ensured to be stable; the wind speed at each location on the cross section of the air separation box is consistent.

[0030] 4. In the tobacco shreds and tobacco sticks separation device of the present invention, a star-shaped throwing roller is installed at the air outlet at the upper end of the pressure equalization chamber. The rotating star-shaped throwing roller loosens the large-volume adhering tobacco shreds and filament bundles, and separates the adhering tobacco shreds into free tobacco shreds. The above-mentioned free tobacco shreds and loose filament bundles float upward into the air separation box under the action of the upward airflow from the air outlet. At the same time, the shreds, shreds and heavy debris with smaller particle sizes fall from the gap between the star-shaped throwing rollers and are discharged by the impurity discharge screw conveyor, thereby realizing the separation of shreds and tobacco sticks.

[0031] 5. The tobacco shreds and stems separation device of the present invention uses the airflow throwing mechanism 4 as the interface, and the air selection box 5 is an air selection cavity that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom. Therefore, as the material gradually floats upward in the air selection cavity, the air flow velocity of the cross section where the material is located gradually decreases. When it decreases to a certain value, only the free tobacco shreds with a low floating velocity continue to float upward, while the shreds and the unseparated adhering tobacco shreds will fall again onto the rotating star-shaped throwing roller. The shreds and adhering tobacco shreds that fall onto the star-shaped throwing roller repeatedly go through the above-mentioned tearing-floating-falling process until the shreds and the adhering tobacco shreds are completely dispersed into free tobacco shreds, thereby achieving deep separation of tobacco shreds and stems and stems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is the principle diagram of the tobacco wind separator in the prior art.

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the tobacco stem separation device of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the airflow throwing mechanism of the tobacco stem separation device of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the star-shaped throwing roller of the tobacco stem separation device of the present invention (the upper figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of one star-shaped throwing roller, and the lower figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of three star-shaped throwing rollers).

[0036] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a star-shaped throwing plate in a star-shaped throwing roller of a tobacco stem separation device of the present invention.

[0037] The names of the reference numerals in the description of the drawings are: N1-cross gate, N2-discharging belt conveyor, N3-combing roller, N4-high-speed throwing belt conveyor, N5-tobacco wind separation box, N6-screen cylinder;

[0038] 1-pressure equalizing chamber, 2-exhaust screw conveyor, 3-star-shaped throwing roller, 4-airflow throwing mechanism, 5-air separation box, 6-feed hopper, 7-convergence cover, 11-air inlet of pressure equalizing chamber, 12-air outlet of pressure equalizing chamber, 13-first regulating damper, 14-second regulating damper, 15-guide plate, 16-microporous pressure equalizing plate, 31-star-shaped throwing plate, 41-throwing plate, 42-air duct, 51-feeding port, 52-air cavity regulating plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0040] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "setting", "installation" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0044] Example

[0045] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a tobacco shreds and stems separation device, the core of which is an airflow throwing mechanism. The system is used to throw different materials into the air separation box at different angles and speeds according to different material properties (such as the difference in floating speed of tobacco shreds and stems).

[0046] Figure 2 The device for separating tobacco shreds from tobacco stems and sticks shown in the figure mainly separates shredded tobacco from impurities (stem pieces, stem sticks, debris, etc.) in the shredded tobacco through the coordinated work of 1. an equalizing chamber, 2. a screw conveyor for removing impurities, 3. a star-shaped throwing roller, 4. an airflow throwing mechanism, 5. an air separation box, 6. a feed hopper, 7. a converging hood and other components (systems).

[0047] Specifically, the tobacco stem separation device includes a pressure equalization chamber 1, a screw conveyor 2 for removing impurities, a star-shaped throwing roller 3, an airflow throwing mechanism 4, an air separation box 5, a feed hopper 6, and a convergence cover 7;

[0048] The plenum chamber 1 has an air inlet 11 on the lower side, and an air outlet 12 on the top. The air inlet 11 is connected to the positive pressure air inlet duct.

[0049] The air separation box 5 is located above the plenum chamber 1, and the bottom of the air separation box 5 is connected to the plenum chamber air outlet 12 at the top of the plenum chamber 1, and the positive pressure wind in the plenum chamber 1 enters the air separation box 5 from the plenum chamber air outlet 12 at the top;

[0050] The star-shaped throwing roller 3 is located at the air outlet 12 of the plenum chamber at the top of the plenum chamber 1;

[0051] The impurity discharge screw conveyor 2 is located below the star-shaped throwing roller 3;

[0052] The side of the air separation box 5 has a feed port 51, the airflow throwing mechanism 4 and the feed hopper 6 are both connected to the feed port 51, and the feed hopper 6 is located above the airflow throwing mechanism 4;

[0053] The converging cover 7 is located above the air separation box 5 .

[0054] The airflow throwing mechanism 4 is installed obliquely upward in the middle of the side of the air separation box 5, and the airflow throwing mechanism 4 has a throwing plate 41 installed obliquely upward, and the angle between the throwing plate 41 and the side of the air separation box 5 is 45 degrees. The airflow throwing mechanism 4 uses high-speed airflow to throw the material entering the feed hopper 6.

[0055] The ejection plate 41 is provided with a narrow strip-shaped air outlet.

[0056] The feed hopper 6 is installed at a slant downward in the middle of the side of the air separation box 5, and the angle between the feed hopper 6 and the side of the air separation box 5 is 45°.

[0057] With the airflow throwing mechanism 4 as the interface, the air separation box 5 is an air separation cavity which is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom.

[0058] An adjustable air cavity adjustment plate 52 is installed at the lower part of the air separation box 5. An adjustable air cavity adjustment plate 52 is installed at the lower part of the air separation box 5, which can adjust the size of the lower cross-sectional area (length) of the air separation box 5. The size of the lower cross-sectional area (length) of the air separation box 5 can be adjusted as needed, thereby adjusting the air volume of the positive pressure air coming from the equalizing chamber.

[0059] The pressure equalizing chamber 1 is provided with a first regulating damper 13, a second regulating damper 14, a guide plate 15 and a microporous pressure equalizing plate 16. The positive pressure wind entering can be adjusted to ensure that the airflow in the air separation box is stable and the wind speed is consistent at all locations on the cross section of the air separation box. The regulating damper has two dampers, the first regulating damper 13 and the second regulating damper 14; the specific functions are as follows: by adjusting the upper and lower deflection angles of the first regulating damper 13, the air volume of the material thrown at the throwing plate is adjusted, thereby controlling the angle and speed of the material when entering the air separation box 5, and improving the separation effect of light materials and heavy materials; adjusting the upper and lower deflection angles of the second regulating damper 14 to adjust the air volume of the front and rear microporous pressure equalizing plates. The function of the guide plate 15 is to reduce the wind field resistance. The function of the microporous pressure equalizing plate 16 is to make the pressure on the cross section of the pressure equalizing chamber 1 consistent through the damping effect of the micropores, so as to ensure that the positive pressure wind speed entering the air separation box 5 is uniform and stable.

[0060] The star-shaped throwing roller 3 is composed of stacked star-shaped throwing plates 31 that are spaced a certain distance apart from each other, and the star-shaped throwing plates 31 on two adjacent star-shaped throwing rollers 3 are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0061] The tobacco stem separation method of the present invention uses the tobacco stem separation device, which comprises the following steps:

[0062] S1, tobacco shreds and stems are fed into the feed hopper 6 by a vibrating conveyor and slide down into the airflow throwing mechanism 4. Under the action of airflow blowing of the airflow throwing mechanism 4, tobacco shreds in the tobacco shreds and stems are thrown into the air separation box 5, and adhered tobacco shreds, shreds, stems, stem blocks and heavy debris slide down into the air separation box 5;

[0063] S2, the air flow in the air separation box 5 is provided by the pressure equalization chamber 1. Under the action of the air flow, the free pure tobacco and light debris can float upward, and the adhered tobacco, shreds, stems, stem blocks and heavy debris fall onto the rotating star-shaped throwing roller 3;

[0064] S3, the material falling on the star-shaped throwing roller 3 is hit, shaken and torn by the star-shaped throwing plate, the adhering tobacco shreds and shreds become loose, and part of the tobacco shreds are dispersed into free tobacco shreds, which float upward under the action of the rising airflow.

[0065] S4, the qualified shredded tobacco floating in the cavity of the air separation box 5 is sucked and collected by the negative pressure suction of the converging hood 7, and transported to the dropper by the negative pressure suction pipe for material-gas separation. At the same time, stems, stem blocks and heavy debris fall from the gaps between the star-shaped throwing plates on the star-shaped throwing roller 3, and are output by the impurity discharge screw conveyor 2, completing the separation of shredded tobacco and stems.

[0066] In the specific operation process, in this example, the tobacco is fed into the feed hopper 6 by the vibrating conveyor and slides down to the tilted throwing plate 41 in the airflow throwing mechanism 4. The throwing plate 41 is provided with a narrow strip air outlet, and there is positive pressure wind in the air duct 42. The high-speed airflow is blown out from the narrow strip air outlet to disperse the tobacco, and the material layer becomes thinner to form a tobacco stream. Under the action of the high-speed airflow, the free pure tobacco is thrown into the air separation box 5 at a higher speed and an upward elevation angle; the stems, stem blocks and heavy debris slide down along the throwing plate into the air separation box 5. In this process, due to different characteristics of materials (such as the difference in floating speed between tobacco and stems), they are thrown into the air separation box at different angles and speeds, which is conducive to the separation of stems and tobacco in the air separation box, and improves the air separation efficiency of the tobacco stem separation device. At the same time, when the airflow throws the material, the throwing direction is tilted upward, and the speed of the material moving horizontally in the cavity of the air separation box 5 is relatively low. The distance of horizontal movement of the material per unit time is relatively short. It can effectively improve the utilization rate of the air separation box, reduce the length of the box, and reduce the equipment footprint.

[0067] The materials are thrown into the air separation box at different angles and speeds. The air flow in the air separation box is provided by the equalizing chamber 1, and its wind speed can be adjusted. According to the difference in floating speed between the materials, when the air flow speed reaches a certain value, the materials with lower floating speed (such as free pure tobacco and light debris) can float upward. At the same time, the materials with higher floating speed (such as sticky tobacco, silk bundles, stems, stem blocks and heavy debris) fall onto the rotating star-shaped throwing roller 3. The star-shaped throwing roller 3 is composed of star-shaped throwing plates stacked at a certain distance from each other. The star-shaped throwing plates on the two adjacent star-shaped throwing rollers are arranged in an alternating manner. The materials falling on the star-shaped throwing roller 3 are hit, shaken and torn by the star-shaped throwing plates. In this process, the larger sticky tobacco and silk bundles become loose, and some tobacco is dispersed into free tobacco, and the entrained stems are removed. The above-mentioned free tobacco, loosened shreds and unseparated adhered tobacco float upward under the action of the rising airflow with higher wind speed between the star-shaped throwing plates on the throwing roller. Since the air separation cavity of the air separation box 5 is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, as the material gradually floats upward in the air separation cavity, the air flow velocity of the cross section where the material is located also gradually decreases. When it decreases to a certain value, only the free tobacco with a low floating speed continues to float upward, while the shreds and unseparated adhered tobacco will fall again onto the rotating star-shaped throwing roller. The shreds and adhered tobacco falling onto the star-shaped throwing roller repeatedly go through the above-mentioned tearing-floating-falling process until the shreds and adhered tobacco are completely dispersed into free tobacco. The qualified shredded tobacco floating in the cavity of the air separation box 5 is sucked and collected by the negative pressure suction of the convergence cover 7, and transported to the dropper by the negative pressure suction pipe for material-gas separation. At the same time, the stems, stem blocks and heavy debris with high floating speed fall from the gaps between the star-shaped throwing plates on the star-shaped throwing roller 3 and are output by the debris discharging screw conveyor 2, completing the separation of the stems.

Claims

1. A tobacco stem separation device, characterized in that: It comprises a pressure equalizing chamber (1), a screw conveyor for discharging impurities (2), a star-shaped throwing roller (3), an airflow throwing mechanism (4), an air separation box (5), a feeding hopper (6), and a converging cover (7); The lower side of the plenum chamber (1) is provided with a plenum chamber air inlet (11), the top of the plenum chamber (1) is provided with a plenum chamber air outlet (12), and the plenum chamber air inlet (11) is connected to a positive pressure air inlet duct; The air separation box (5) is located above the pressure equalizing chamber (1), and the bottom of the air separation box (5) is connected to the pressure equalizing chamber air outlet (12) at the top of the pressure equalizing chamber (1), and the positive pressure air in the pressure equalizing chamber (1) enters the air separation box (5) through the pressure equalizing chamber air outlet (12) at the top; The star-shaped throwing roller (3) is located at the plenum chamber air outlet (12) at the top of the plenum chamber (1); The impurity discharge screw conveyor (2) is located below the star-shaped throwing roller (3); The side of the air separation box (5) is provided with a feed port (51), the airflow throwing mechanism (4) and the feed hopper (6) are both connected to the feed port (51), and the feed hopper (6) is located above the airflow throwing mechanism (4); The converging cover (7) is located above the air separation box (5).

2. The tobacco stem separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The airflow material throwing mechanism (4) is installed obliquely upward at the middle part of the side of the air separation box (5), and the airflow material throwing mechanism (4) has a material throwing plate (41) installed obliquely upward, and the angle between the material throwing plate (41) and the side of the air separation box (5) is 30° to 60°.

3. The tobacco stem separation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ejection plate (41) is provided with a narrow strip-shaped air outlet.

4. The tobacco stem separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed hopper (6) is installed in a downwardly inclined manner in the middle of the side of the air separation box (5), and the angle between the feed hopper (6) and the side of the air separation box (5) is 30° to 60°.

5. The tobacco stem separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: With the airflow throwing mechanism (4) as a dividing interface, the air separation box (5) is an air separation cavity that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom.

6. The tobacco stem separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An adjustable air cavity adjustment plate (52) is installed at the lower part of the air separation box (5).

7. The tobacco stem separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure equalizing chamber (1) is provided with a first regulating air door (13), a second regulating air door (14), a guide plate (15) and a microporous pressure equalizing plate (16).

8. The tobacco stem separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The star-shaped throwing roller (3) is composed of a stack of star-shaped throwing plates (31) that are spaced a certain distance apart from each other, and the star-shaped throwing plates (31) on two adjacent star-shaped throwing rollers (3) are arranged in a staggered manner.

9. A method for separating tobacco stems and tobacco stalks, characterized in that: The tobacco stem separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises the following steps: S1, tobacco shreds and tobacco sticks are fed into the feed hopper (6) by a vibrating conveyor and slide down into the airflow throwing mechanism (4), and under the action of airflow blowing in the airflow throwing mechanism (4), tobacco shreds in the tobacco shreds and tobacco sticks are thrown into the air separation box (5), and adhered tobacco shreds, shreds, shreds, shreds, shreds, shreds and heavy debris slide down into the air separation box (5); S2, the air flow in the air separation box (5) is provided by the pressure equalizing chamber (1), under the action of the air flow, the free pure tobacco and light impurities can float upward, and the adhered tobacco, shreds, stems, stem blocks and heavy impurities fall onto the rotating star-shaped throwing roller (3); S3, the material falling on the star-shaped throwing roller (3) is hit, shaken and torn by the star-shaped throwing plate, the adhering tobacco shreds and shreds become loose, and part of the tobacco shreds are dispersed into free tobacco shreds, which float upward under the action of the rising airflow; S4, the qualified shredded tobacco floating in the cavity of the air separation box (5) is sucked and collected by the converging hood (7) under negative pressure, and transported to the dropper through the negative pressure suction pipe for material-gas separation. At the same time, stems, stem blocks and heavy debris fall through the gaps between the star-shaped throwing plates on the star-shaped throwing roller (3) and are output by the impurity discharge screw conveyor (2), thus completing the separation of shredded tobacco and stems.

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