Laser cutting system and method for halogen-free insulating cladding

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser cutting system and method for a halogen-free insulating cladding. The system comprises a laser shaping mechanism, a middle transmission mechanism, a laser cutting mechanism and a horizontal moving mechanism. The laser shaping mechanism is used for adjusting the shape and peak power of a light spot emitted by the water-cooled laser; the middle transmission mechanism is used for switching the circular light spots emitted by the laser shaping mechanism and transmitting the circular light spots to the upper laser light path part or the lower laser light path part; the laser cutting mechanism comprises an upper laser light path part and a lower laser light path part which are oppositely arranged; a plurality of wire rods are loaded on the horizontal moving mechanism, the horizontal moving mechanism is matched with the upper laser light path part and the lower laser light path part by horizontally moving the wire rods, and the upper path and the lower path are switched to emit light to conduct annular cutting on the wire rods. According to the invention, the halogen-free insulating cladding of the wire rod can be ensured to be always at a focus, so that the halogen-free insulating cladding is cut, and meanwhile, the phenomenon that mushroom heads and materials are melted into a central core layer is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser processing, and in particular to a laser cutting system and method for halogen-free insulating cladding. Background Art

[0002] Low-smoke halogen-free wires are usually made of thermoplastic and thermosetting materials, such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA). These materials do not produce any toxic gases when burned and have low smoke, but they have poor heat resistance. The flame retardancy is improved by adding flame retardants such as magnesium hydroxide. With the improvement of environmental awareness, low-smoke halogen-free materials have gradually become the primary alternative to insulation materials. When conventional laser equipment is used to process such halogen-free insulation layer products, due to the poor heat resistance of the halogen-free insulation material itself, laser cutting is prone to form mushroom heads, and the halogen-free material will melt into the interior and surface of the multi-core wire core, resulting in problems such as the inability to tin in the later stage.

[0003] Therefore, it is urgent to propose a new solution to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a laser cutting system and method for halogen-free insulation cladding, so as to solve the problem that when conventional laser equipment is used to process halogen-free insulation material insulation layer products, the halogen-free insulation material itself has poor heat resistance, and the laser cutting easily forms mushroom heads, and the halogen-free material will melt into the interior and surface of the multi-core wire core, resulting in the inability to tin at a later time.

[0005] The present invention provides a laser cutting system for halogen-free insulating cladding, comprising a laser shaping mechanism, an intermediate transmission mechanism, a laser cutting mechanism and a horizontal movement mechanism;

[0006] The laser shaping mechanism is used to adjust the shape and peak power of the light spot emitted by the water-cooled laser;

[0007] The intermediate transmission mechanism is used to switch the circular light spot emitted by the laser shaping mechanism and transmit it to the upper laser light path portion or the lower laser light path portion;

[0008] The laser cutting mechanism comprises an upper laser optical path portion and a lower laser optical path portion which are arranged opposite to each other;

[0009] The horizontal moving mechanism is loaded with a plurality of wires, and cooperates with the upper laser optical path portion and the lower laser optical path portion by horizontally moving the wires, and the upper and lower paths switch the light output to perform circular cutting on the wires.

[0010] Furthermore, the laser shaping mechanism comprises a first beam expander, a curved surface shaping lens group and a grating lens, wherein the first beam expander, the curved surface shaping lens group and the grating lens are coaxially arranged;

[0011] The first beam expander is used to amplify and collimate the light spot and reduce the central energy density of the light spot;

[0012] The curved surface shaping lens group is used to shape the light spot into a circle and output a light spot with uniformly distributed energy;

[0013] The grating lens reduces the light spot and converts the waveform distribution energy into uniform distribution energy output.

[0014] Further, the curved surface shaping lens group includes a first transverse curved surface shaping lens, a second transverse curved surface shaping lens, a first vertical curved surface shaping lens and a second vertical curved surface shaping lens, the first transverse curved surface shaping lens and the second transverse curved surface shaping lens are convex lenses, and the first vertical curved surface shaping lens and the second vertical curved surface shaping lens are concave lenses;

[0015] The first transverse curved surface shaping lens and the second transverse curved surface shaping lens are used to stretch the light spots in the transverse negative and positive directions by 1.5 to 3.0 times respectively, so that the central energy density is further dispersed in the transverse direction;

[0016] The first vertical curved surface shaping lens and the second vertical curved surface shaping lens are used to stretch the vertical negative and positive light spots by 1.5 to 3.0 times respectively, so that the central energy density is further dispersed in the vertical direction.

[0017] Furthermore, the laser shaping mechanism also includes a first reflector and a second reflector. After the laser beam emitted by the water-cooled laser passes through the first reflector and the second reflector, the transmission direction is changed by 180° and then transmitted to the first beam expander.

[0018] Furthermore, the intermediate transmission mechanism includes a second beam expander, a third reflector, a fourth reflector, and a switching motor reflector. The second beam expander is used to amplify and collimate the light spot for output. The third reflector and the fourth reflector change the transmission direction of the laser beam transmitted by the second beam expander by 180°. The switching motor reflector is arranged on the switching motor. The switching motor reflector is manipulated by extending and retracting the switching motor to transmit the laser beam into the upper laser optical path portion and the lower laser optical path portion.

[0019] Furthermore, the upper laser optical path portion includes a fifth reflector, a sixth reflector, a seventh reflector, an upper optical path focusing mirror, an upper optical path protective mirror and an upper focusing head, and the laser beam is output vertically downward after passing through the fifth reflector, the sixth reflector and the seventh reflector, and the lower laser optical path portion includes an eighth reflector, a ninth reflector, a lower optical path focusing mirror, a lower optical path protective mirror and a lower focusing head, and the laser beam is output vertically upward after passing through the eighth reflector and the ninth reflector.

[0020] Furthermore, the horizontal moving mechanism includes an X-axis moving platform, a Y-axis moving platform is slidably connected to the X-axis moving platform, a carrier platform for placing wires of different wire diameters is fixed to the Y-axis moving platform, the X-axis moving platform is fixed to a first fixed plate, the upper focusing head and the lower focusing head are fixed to a second fixed plate, the first fixed plate is horizontally fixed to the frame, the second fixed plate is vertically fixed to the frame, and the first fixed plate and the second fixed plate are arranged perpendicular to each other.

[0021] The present invention also provides a laser cutting method for halogen-free insulating materials, comprising the following steps:

[0022] S1. Place multiple wires to be stripped side by side on a carrier platform, fix the wires through a cover plate on the carrier platform, and expose the outer insulation layer of the wires to be stripped;

[0023] S2. Set the parameters of the laser wire stripping equipment, adjust the upper laser head to ensure that the focus is at the center of the upper half of the wire, and adjust the lower laser head to ensure that the focus is at the center of the lower half of the wire;

[0024] S3. By setting the Y-axis moving platform to perform multiple circular movements along the Y-axis direction and the laser wire stripping equipment parameters for each movement, the position to be cut of the outer sheath of the insulation layer to be stripped is at the focus of the upper and lower laser heads.

[0025] Furthermore, by setting the Y-axis moving platform (41) to perform at least three cyclic movements along the Y-axis direction, the laser wire stripping device parameters include the movement speed of the Y-axis moving platform, the power of the laser wire stripping device, the average power of the laser wire stripping device and the operating frequency of the laser wire stripping device, and the values ​​of the various laser wire stripping device parameters remain unchanged during a single cyclic movement. The laser wire stripping device parameters include the movement speed of the Y-axis moving platform, the power of the laser wire stripping device and the average power of the laser wire stripping device, which decrease in sequence as the number of cyclic movements increases. The values ​​of the first laser wire stripping device operating frequencies corresponding to the first and last cyclic movements are the same, the values ​​of the second laser wire stripping device operating frequencies corresponding to the intermediate cyclic movements are the same, and the value of the first laser wire stripping device operating frequency is greater than the value of the second laser wire stripping device operating frequency.

[0026] Furthermore, by setting the Y-axis moving platform (41) to perform three circular movements along the Y-axis direction, the three circular movements include six moving paths, and the six moving paths are:

[0027] In the first moving path, the motor reflector is set to upward light output by switching the motor reflector, the Y-axis moving platform moves a set distance along the positive direction of the Y-axis, the movement speed of the Y-axis moving platform is set to 180-220mm / s, the power of the laser wire stripping equipment is set to 30% of the rated power, the average power of the laser wire stripping equipment is 14-16W, and the operating frequency of the laser wire stripping equipment is 4KHz;

[0028] In the second moving path, the motor reflector is switched to the bottom light output, and the Y-axis moving platform moves along the negative direction of the Y-axis for the same distance as the first moving path. The movement speed of the Y-axis moving platform is set to 180-220 mm / s, and the power of the laser wire stripping equipment is set to 30% of the rated power. The average power of the laser wire stripping equipment is 14-16W, and the operating frequency of the laser wire stripping equipment is 4KHz;

[0029] In the third moving path, the motor reflector is switched to the upper light output, and the Y-axis moving platform moves along the positive direction of the Y-axis by the same distance as the first moving path. The movement speed of the Y-axis moving platform is set to 80-120 mm / s, and the power of the laser wire stripping equipment is set to 15% of the rated power. The average power of the laser wire stripping equipment is 7-9 W, and the operating frequency of the laser wire stripping equipment is 2 KHz.

[0030] In the fourth moving path, the motor reflector is switched to the bottom light output, and the Y-axis moving platform moves along the negative direction of the Y-axis for the same distance as the first moving path. The movement speed of the Y-axis moving platform is set to 80-120 mm / s, and the power of the laser wire stripping equipment is set to 15% of the rated power. The average power of the laser wire stripping equipment is 7-9 W, and the operating frequency of the laser wire stripping equipment is 2 KHz.

[0031] In the fifth moving path, the motor reflector is switched to the upper light output, and the Y-axis moving platform moves along the positive direction of the Y-axis for the same distance as the first moving path. The moving speed of the Y-axis moving platform is set to 30-70 mm / s, and the power of the laser wire stripping equipment is set to 5% of the rated power. The average power of the laser wire stripping equipment is 2.5-3.5 W, and the operating frequency of the laser wire stripping equipment is 4 KHz.

[0032] In the sixth moving path, the motor reflector is switched to the bottom light output, and the Y-axis moving platform moves along the negative direction of the Y-axis for the same distance as the first moving path. The movement speed of the Y-axis moving platform is set to 30-70 mm / s, and the power of the laser wire stripping equipment is set to 5% of the rated power. The average power of the laser wire stripping equipment is 2.5-3.5 W, and the operating frequency of the laser wire stripping equipment is 4 KHz.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] 1. The present invention shapes the optical path outside the laser shaping mechanism, adjusts the laser peak value, improves the quality and roundness of the light spot, and then transmits it to the laser cutting mechanism through the intermediate transmission mechanism. Then the laser cutting mechanism uses the upper and lower two-way switching light output, and cooperates with the horizontal movement mechanism to perform multiple cycle cutting. At the same time, the focus of the upper and lower focusing heads is adjusted in advance to ensure that the halogen-free insulation sheath of the wire is always in the focus, thereby completing the cutting of the halogen-free insulation sheath, and at the same time ensuring that there is no mushroom head and the material melts into the center wire core layer;

[0035] 2. The present invention sets two groups of transverse and longitudinal curved shaping lenses, and stretches them in the transverse and longitudinal positive and negative directions respectively, so that on the one hand, the laser spot sizes are the same, and on the other hand, the final energy distribution is more uniform and more concentrated, and the spot roundness is higher;

[0036] 3. The present invention adjusts the phase and amplitude of the light wave through the shaping system, adjusts the shape and peak power of the light spot, improves the beam quality, and increases the laser peak power of the 9300 laser with an average power between 100-120W by 2 times. The average power is between 40-50W, the light spot is circular, the diameter is 4.8-5.2mm, and the circularity is greater than 99% of the flat field energy distribution light output, the light spot roundness is increased by 20%, the light spot energy distribution is more concentrated, the energy is concentrated, the energy is high and efficient, the power is low, the incision is fine, the heat affected zone is small, and the width of the heated zone is less than 0.02mm. The edge of the insulating layer cutting position has completed the cutting before the temperature starts to rise. The laser peak power is increased, and the energy required to achieve the same vaporization effect is smaller;

[0037] 4. The laser cutting method of the present invention performs cutting through at least three cycles, using upper and lower laser switching to perform cutting work. The first time, a relatively large power and a relatively high speed are used to quickly melt and vaporize the surface of the material to form a very small incision with a certain slope. The second time, appropriate speed and power are used to remove the slope material without expanding the incision width. The third time, very low power and speed are used to remove the remaining residual material on the wire core to ensure that the wire core is clean and free of residue. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the laser shaping mechanism of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 It is the image of the light spot after passing through each lens in the laser shaping mechanism of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the laser cutting system for halogen-free insulating cladding of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4The internal structure diagram of the laser cutting system for halogen-free insulation cladding of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the optical path of the laser cutting system for halogen-free insulating cladding of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the wire material of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 is a layout diagram of the wire of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 8 It is a processing schematic diagram of the six-stage program of the present invention;

[0046] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the processing of wire material by the upper and lower laser heads of the present invention;

[0047] Figure numerals: 1, laser shaping mechanism; 11, first beam expander; 12, curved surface shaping lens group; 121, first transverse curved surface shaping lens; 122, second transverse curved surface shaping lens; 123, first vertical curved surface shaping lens; 124, second vertical curved surface shaping lens; 13, grating lens; 14, water-cooled laser; 15, first reflector; 16, second reflector; 2, intermediate transmission mechanism; 21, second beam expander; 22, third reflector; 23, fourth reflector; 24, switching motor reflector; 3, laser cutting mechanism; 31, upper laser optical path; 311, fifth reflector; 312, sixth reflector Mirror; 313, seventh reflecting mirror; 314, upper optical path focusing mirror; 315, upper optical path protective mirror; 316, upper focusing head; 32, lower laser optical path; 321, eighth reflecting mirror; 322, ninth reflecting mirror; 323, lower optical path focusing mirror; 324, lower optical path protective mirror; 325, lower focusing head; 4, horizontal moving mechanism; 41, Y-axis moving platform; 42, X-axis moving platform; 43, carrier platform; 5, wire; 51, center line core layer; 52, insulation layer inner blanket; 53, metal shielding layer; 54, insulation layer outer blanket; 6, frame; 61, first fixed plate; 62, second fixed plate; 7, cable tray base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to further understand the content, features and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are given together with the attached Figures 1 to 9 The detailed instructions are as follows.

[0049] like Figure 3 and 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a laser cutting system for halogen-free insulating cladding, including a laser shaping mechanism 1, an intermediate transmission mechanism 2, a laser cutting mechanism 3 and a horizontal moving mechanism 4;

[0050] The laser shaping mechanism 1 is used to adjust the shape and peak power of the light spot emitted by the water-cooled laser 14;

[0051] The intermediate transmission mechanism 2 is used to switch the circular light spot emitted by the laser shaping mechanism 1 and transmit it to the upper laser optical path portion 31 or the lower laser optical path portion 32;

[0052] The laser cutting mechanism 3 comprises an upper laser optical path portion 31 and a lower laser optical path portion 32 which are arranged opposite to each other;

[0053] The horizontal moving mechanism 4 is loaded with a plurality of wires 5 , and cooperates with the upper laser optical path portion 31 and the lower laser optical path portion 32 by horizontally moving the wires 5 , and the upper and lower paths of light are switched to perform circular cutting on the wires 5 .

[0054] The present invention shapes the optical path outside the laser shaping mechanism, adjusts the laser peak value, improves the quality and roundness of the light spot, and then transmits it to the laser cutting mechanism through the intermediate transmission mechanism. Then the laser cutting mechanism uses upper and lower two-way switching to output light, and cooperates with the horizontal movement mechanism to perform multiple cycle cutting. At the same time, the focus of the upper and lower focusing heads is adjusted in advance to ensure that the halogen-free insulating sheath of the wire is always in the focus, thereby completing the cutting of the halogen-free insulating sheath, and at the same time ensuring that there is no mushroom head and the material melts into the center line core layer.

[0055] In this embodiment, Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the laser shaping mechanism 1 includes a first beam expander 11, a curved surface shaping lens group 12, a grating lens 13 and a water-cooled laser 14, wherein the first beam expander 11, the curved surface shaping lens group 12 and the grating lens 13 are coaxially arranged. The first beam expander 11 is a triple beam expander, which is composed of two concave-convex mirrors to form a 3x collimating beam expander. The material is zinc selenide, and the incident diameter lens is 12mm, the center thickness is 3mm, and the light output lens diameter is 18mm, and the center thickness is 3mm. The grating lens 13 is a double-sided 9300 nanometer wavelength anti-reflection film, a double-sided 9300 nanometer wavelength anti-reflection film grating mirror, which is made of zinc selenide, with a diameter of 20mm and a thickness of 5mm, a double-sided grating ruler, and a double-sided 9300 nanometer wavelength anti-reflection film;

[0056] The first beam expander 11 is used to amplify and collimate the light spot and reduce the central energy density of the light spot; the curved shaping lens group 12 is used to shape the light spot into a circle and output a light spot with uniformly distributed energy; the grating lens 13 shrinks the light spot and converts the waveform distributed energy into uniformly distributed energy output.

[0057] In this embodiment, Figure 1 and 2As shown, the curved surface shaping lens group 12 includes a first transverse curved surface shaping lens 121, a second transverse curved surface shaping lens 122, a first vertical curved surface shaping lens 123 and a second vertical curved surface shaping lens 124, which are arranged in sequence. The positions of the four lenses can be interchanged, wherein the first transverse curved surface shaping lens 121 and the second transverse curved surface shaping lens 122 are convex lenses, and the first vertical curved surface shaping lens 123 and the second vertical curved surface shaping lens 124 are concave lenses. When passing through the first transverse curved surface shaping lens 121, it is equivalent to that the longitudinal height of the light spot remains unchanged, and the left and right half edges are stretched in the transverse negative direction, wherein the transverse and vertical directions are the projection planes from the direction of laser travel, and the transverse and vertical directions are equivalent to the X-axis and the Y-axis. When passing through the second transverse curved surface shaping lens 122, the left and right half edges are stretched in the transverse positive direction. By adjusting the distance between the lenses, the final stretched length can be adjusted. The principle of the vertical curved surface shaping lens is similar to this, and will not be repeated here. The two horizontal curved shaping lenses are the same, made of zinc selenide, in the shape of a square curved mirror, 25mm in length, 15mm in width, 7mm in center height, and are curved shaping lenses with special curvature in the X direction, with 9300nm wavelength anti-reflection coating on both sides. The two vertical curved shaping lenses are the same, made of zinc selenide, in the shape of a square curved mirror, 25mm in length, 15mm in width, 7mm in center height, and are curved shaping lenses with special curvature in the Y direction.

[0058] The first transverse curved surface shaping lens 121 and the second transverse curved surface shaping lens 122 are used to stretch the light spots in the transverse negative direction and the positive direction by 1.7 times respectively, and other values ​​between 1.5 and 3.0 times may also be used, so that the central energy density is further dispersed in the transverse direction;

[0059] The first vertical curved surface shaping lens 123 and the second vertical curved surface shaping lens 124 are used to stretch the vertical negative and positive light spots by 1.7 times respectively, and other values ​​between 1.5 and 3.0 times may also be used to further disperse the central energy density in the vertical direction.

[0060] The present invention arranges two groups of transverse and longitudinal curved shaping lenses and performs stretching along the transverse and longitudinal positive and negative directions respectively, so as to make the laser spots of the same size on the one hand and make the final energy distribution more uniform and concentrated on the other hand, and the spot roundness is higher.

[0061] Install and debug the laser shaping mechanism 1, fix the laser on the bottom plate, install the first reflector 15, the second reflector 16, the first beam expander 11, two transverse curved surface shaping lenses, two vertical curved surface shaping lenses, and the grating lens 13. The laser spot is reflected by the first reflector 15 to the center of the lens of the second reflector 16, enters the first beam expander 11, comes out and enters the first transverse curved surface shaping lens 121, comes out and enters the second transverse curved surface shaping lens 122, comes out and enters the first vertical curved surface shaping lens 123, comes out and enters the second vertical curved surface shaping lens 124, comes out and enters the grating lens 13 for output, and adjusts the laser installation position to make the laser spot irradiate the first The laser spot is input at a 45 degree angle to the center of a reflector 15. The spot coming out of the laser is an ellipse of about 1.5-2 mm. The lateral and vertical angles of the first reflector 15 and the second reflector 16 are adjusted to ensure that the spot coming out of the second reflector 16 passes through the center of the first beam expander 11. The spot is input from the center of the first beam expander 11. The axial concentricity of the above mirrors is output from the center. Two lateral curved surface shaping lenses, two vertical curved surface shaping lenses and the grating lens 13 are installed in axial concentric positions through mechanical parts. The first reflector 15 is installed 30 mm out of the laser spot outlet, and the second reflector 16 is installed 70 mm above the first reflector 15. The first beam expander 11 is installed at the At 50mm to the right of the second reflector 16, through calculation and adjustment, the shaping system of this laser, the first transverse curved surface shaping lens 121 is 150mm away from the first beam expander 11, the first transverse curved surface shaping lens is 75mm away from the second transverse curved surface shaping lens, the first vertical curved surface shaping lens 121 is 157mm away from the second transverse curved surface shaping lens 122, the second vertical curved surface shaping lens 124 is 63mm away from the first vertical curved surface shaping lens 123, the grating lens 13 is 163mm away from the second vertical curved surface shaping lens 124, and the laser spot of the first beam expander 121 is magnified and collimated 3 times in the transverse and vertical directions after passing through the beam expander, and the reduction is changed at the same time. The central energy density of the low spot, the spot coming out of the beam expander passes through two transverse curved shaping lenses, the transverse spot is magnified 2.3 times, and the curvature tends to be a circular spot output, the central energy density is further dispersed in the transverse direction, and enters two vertical curved shaping lenses, the vertical spot is shaped to be consistent with the transverse spot size, the size is within 0.5% error, the spot is output in a circular shape, the central energy density is further dispersed in the vertical direction, the output 11.82mm spot, input to the center of the grating lens 13, adjust the grating to the grating lens 13, pass through the two layers of light grids of the grating lens 13, and finally the spot output is a 4.7mm circular spot with an average energy of 43W, which is a uniformly distributed energy output.

[0062] In this embodiment, Figure 1As shown, the laser shaping mechanism 1 also includes a first reflector 15 and a second reflector 16. After the laser beam emitted by the water-cooled laser 14 passes through the first reflector 15 and the second reflector 16, the transmission direction is changed by 180° and then transmitted to the first beam expander 11. The laser parameter of the water-cooled laser 14 is a wavelength of 9300 nanoseconds, which is shorter than the 10600 nanometer CO 2 The heat effect of the laser after focusing is small, the maximum average power is between 100-120W, and the beam quality is M 2 The factor is less than or equal to 1.2, the laser is a continuous laser, and a laser chiller is used for heat dissipation to ensure the stability of the laser power. The power fluctuation range is less than 3%, the frequency is set at 0.5-100KHz, the laser output spot size is 1.9-2.3, the spot beam ellipticity is greater than 80%, and the beam divergence angle is less than 0.6 milliradians. The first reflector 15 and the second reflector 16 can reduce the length of the overall device. The material is single crystal silicon, with a diameter of 12.7mm and a thickness of 5mm. The single-sided reflective film is 9300 nanoseconds, and the reflectivity of the reflective film is greater than 99.9%.

[0063] In this embodiment, Figure 4 and 5 As shown, the intermediate transmission mechanism 2 includes a second beam expander 21, a third reflector 22, a fourth reflector 23, and a switching motor reflector 24. The second beam expander 21 is used to amplify and collimate the light spot for output. The third reflector 22 and the fourth reflector 23 change the transmission direction of the laser beam transmitted by the second beam expander 21 by 180°. The switching motor reflector 24 is arranged on the switching motor. The base of the switching motor is fixed on the frame 6. The switching motor reflector 24 is manipulated by extending and retracting the switching motor, thereby transmitting the laser beam into the upper laser optical path portion 31 and the lower laser optical path portion 32.

[0064] In this embodiment, Figure 4 and 5 As shown, the upper laser optical path portion 31 includes a fifth reflector 311, a sixth reflector 312, a seventh reflector 313, an upper optical path focusing mirror 314, an upper optical path protective mirror 315 and an upper focusing head 316. The laser beam passes through the fifth reflector 311, the sixth reflector 312 and the seventh reflector 313 and is output vertically downward, wherein the upper optical path focusing mirror 314 magnifies the light spot to a very large spot and focuses it to an extremely fine spot to cut the wire; the upper optical path protective mirror 315 protects the focusing mirror from being polluted by smoke and dust; the lower laser optical path portion 32 includes an eighth reflector 321, a ninth reflector 322, a lower optical path focusing mirror 323, a lower optical path protective mirror 324 and a lower focusing head 325. The laser beam passes through the eighth reflector 321 and the ninth reflector 322 and is output vertically upward, and finally the laser beams emitted by the upper laser optical path portion 31 and the lower laser optical path portion 32 are collinear.

[0065] In this embodiment, Figure 4 and 5 As shown, the horizontal moving mechanism 4 includes an X-axis moving platform 42, and a Y-axis moving platform 41 is slidably connected to the X-axis moving platform 42, wherein the X-axis moving platform 42 has a range of 300 mm, and the Y-axis moving platform 41 has a range of 150 mm. The diameter of the cutting focus spot of the laser wire stripping equipment described in the present invention is less than 0.1 mm, and the focal depth is less than 0.5 mm. A carrier platform 43 for placing wires 5 composed of different wire diameters is fixed on the Y-axis moving platform 41, and the wire arrangement base 7 is arranged on the carrier platform 43. The X-axis moving platform 42 is fixed on the first fixed plate 61, and the upper focusing head 316 and the lower focusing head 325 are fixed on the second fixed plate 62. The first fixed plate 61 is horizontally fixed on the frame 6, and the second fixed plate 62 is vertically fixed on the frame 6. The first fixed plate 61 and the second fixed plate 62 are arranged perpendicular to each other.

[0066] The outer insulating layer 54 and the inner insulating layer 52 of the present invention are made of a mixture of thermoplastic and thermosetting materials, preferably high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA). The material properties are that it is extremely easy to melt, not easy to volatilize, does not produce toxic gases, has low smoke generation, and has poor heat resistance.

[0067] This embodiment also provides a laser cutting method for halogen-free insulating materials, such as Figures 4 to 9 As shown, taking the ultra-fine coaxial signal line cable in a certain computer motherboard signal line as an example, this cable has 8 ultra-fine coaxial wires 5 of No. 40, including a center line core layer 51, an insulating layer inner sheath 52, a metal shielding layer 53 and an insulating layer outer sheath 54, wherein the insulating layer outer sheath 54 has a diameter of 0.33 mm and a thickness of 0.04 mm, the metal shielding layer 53 has an outer diameter of 0.25 mm and a thickness of 0.05 mm, the insulating layer inner sheath 52 has an outer diameter of 0.15 mm and a thickness of 0.03 mm, and the center line core layer 51 is a circle composed of multiple strands of wire with a diameter of 0.09 mm, and includes the following steps:

[0068] S1. Place multiple wires 5 to be stripped side by side on the carrier platform 43, wherein the wires 5 are fixed on the cable arrangement base 7, and the wires 5 are fixed by the cover plate on the carrier platform 43, exposing the outer insulation layer 54 of the wire to be stripped, and the inner insulation layer 52 of the above-mentioned wire can also be cut;

[0069] S2. Set the parameters of the laser stripping equipment, adjust the upper laser head to ensure that the focus is at the center of the upper half of the wire 5, and adjust the lower laser head to ensure that the focus is at the center of the lower half of the wire 5;

[0070] S3, by setting the Y-axis moving platform 41 to perform three circular movements along the Y-axis direction, wherein for a thicker insulation layer, more than 10 cycles may be required, and in this embodiment, only 3 cycles are required for an extremely thin insulation layer, and the parameters of the laser wire stripping equipment are adjusted each time the movement is performed, so that the position to be cut of the outer sheath 54 of the insulation layer to be stripped is at the focus of the upper and lower laser heads.

[0071] The present invention adjusts the phase and amplitude of the light wave through a shaping system, adjusts the shape and peak power of the light spot, improves the beam quality, and increases the laser peak power of a 9300 laser with an average power between 100-120W by 2 times. The shaping laser with an average power between 40-50W, a circular light spot, a diameter of 4.8-5.2mm, and a flat-field energy distribution light output with a circularity greater than 99%, increases the light spot roundness by 20%, makes the light spot energy distribution more concentrated, and has high energy and high efficiency, low power, fine incision, and a small heat-affected zone. The width of the heated zone is less than 0.02mm, and the cutting of the edge of the insulating layer cutting position is completed before the temperature starts to rise. The laser peak power is increased, and the energy required to achieve the same vaporization effect is smaller.

[0072] The laser wire stripping equipment parameters include the movement speed of the Y-axis moving platform 41, the power of the laser wire stripping equipment, the average power of the laser wire stripping equipment and the operating frequency of the laser wire stripping equipment. The values ​​of the parameters of the laser wire stripping equipment remain unchanged during a single cycle movement. The laser wire stripping equipment parameters include the movement speed of the Y-axis moving platform 41, the power of the laser wire stripping equipment and the average power of the laser wire stripping equipment, which decrease in sequence with the increase of the number of cycle movements. The values ​​of the first laser wire stripping equipment operating frequency corresponding to the first and last cycle movements are the same, and the values ​​of the second laser wire stripping equipment operating frequency corresponding to the middle cycle movement are the same, and the value of the first laser wire stripping equipment operating frequency is greater than the value of the second laser wire stripping equipment operating frequency.

[0073] In this embodiment, the above three-cycle movement includes six movement paths, wherein the first movement path and the second movement path are the first cycle, the third movement path and the fourth movement path are the second cycle, and the fifth movement path and the sixth movement path are the third cycle:

[0074] In the first moving path, the motor reflector 24 is switched to be set to emit light from the top, and the Y-axis moving platform 41 moves a set distance in the positive direction of the Y-axis. The movement speed of the Y-axis moving platform 41 is set to 200 mm / s, and other values ​​between 180 and 220 mm / s can also be used. The power of the laser wire stripping equipment is set to 30% of the rated power, and the average power of the laser wire stripping equipment is 15W, and other values ​​between 14 and 16W can also be used. The operating frequency of the laser wire stripping equipment is 4KHz, and the idle movement speeds of the Y-axis moving platform 41 and the X-axis moving platform 43 are set to 200 mm / s;

[0075] In the second moving path, by switching the motor reflector 24 to the bottom light output, the Y-axis moving platform 41 moves along the negative direction of the Y-axis for the same distance as the first moving path, and the moving speed of the Y-axis moving platform 41 is set to 180-220 mm / s, the power of the laser wire stripping equipment is set to 30% of the rated power, the average power of the laser wire stripping equipment is 14-16W, and the operating frequency of the laser wire stripping equipment is 4KHz. The parameter settings here are the same as those in the first section;

[0076] In the third moving path, the motor reflector 24 is switched to the upper light output, and the Y-axis moving platform 41 moves the same distance as the first moving path along the positive direction of the Y-axis. The moving speed of the Y-axis moving platform 41 is set to 100mm / s, or other values ​​between 80 and 120mm / s. The power of the laser stripping equipment is set to 15% of the rated power, and the average power of the laser stripping equipment is 8W. Other values ​​between 7 and 9 can also be used, and the operating frequency of the laser stripping equipment is 2KHz;

[0077] In the fourth moving path, the motor reflector 24 is switched to the bottom light output, and the Y-axis moving platform 41 moves the same distance as the first moving path along the negative direction of the Y-axis. The moving speed of the Y-axis moving platform 41 is set to 80-120 mm / s, the power of the laser wire stripping equipment is set to 15% of the rated power, the average power of the laser wire stripping equipment is 7-9W, and the operating frequency of the laser wire stripping equipment is 2KHz. The parameter settings here are the same as those in the third path.

[0078] In the fifth moving path, the motor reflector 24 is switched to be set to emit light upward, and the Y-axis moving platform 41 moves the same distance as the first moving path along the positive direction of the Y-axis. The movement speed of the Y-axis moving platform 41 is set to 50 mm / s, and other values ​​between 30 and 70 mm / s can also be used. The power of the laser stripping equipment is set to 5% of the rated power, and the average power of the laser stripping equipment is 3W, and other values ​​between 2.5 and 3.5W can also be used. The operating frequency of the laser stripping equipment is 4KHz;

[0079] In the sixth moving path, the motor reflector 24 is switched to the bottom light output, and the Y-axis moving platform 41 moves along the negative direction of the Y-axis for the same distance as the first moving path. The moving speed of the Y-axis moving platform 41 is set to 30-70 mm / s, and the power of the laser stripping equipment is set to 5% of the rated power. The average power of the laser stripping equipment is 2.5-3.5 W, and the operating frequency of the laser stripping equipment is 4 KHz. The parameter settings here are the same as those in the fifth section. Figure 8 As shown, after these six processing steps, the outer layer 54 of the insulating layer is completely removed.

[0080] The laser cutting method of the present invention performs cutting through at least three cycles of cutting, using upper and lower laser switching to perform cutting work. The first time, a relatively large power and a relatively high speed are used to quickly melt and vaporize the surface of the material to form a very small incision with a certain slope. The second time, appropriate speed and power are used to remove the slope material without expanding the incision width. The third time, very low power and speed are used to remove the remaining residual material on the wire core to ensure that the wire core is clean and free of residue.

[0081] The invention described above only expresses the implementation methods of the embodiments of the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent, nor does it impose any form of limitation on the structure of the embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several changes and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the embodiments of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser cutting system for halogen-free insulation cladding, characterized in that: It comprises a laser shaping mechanism (1), an intermediate transmission mechanism (2), a laser cutting mechanism (3) and a horizontal moving mechanism (4); The laser shaping mechanism (1) is used to adjust the shape and peak power of the light spot emitted by the water-cooled laser (14); The intermediate transmission mechanism (2) is used to switch the circular light spot emitted by the laser shaping mechanism (1) and transmit it to the upper laser light path portion (31) or the lower laser light path portion (32); The laser cutting mechanism (3) comprises an upper laser optical path portion (31) and a lower laser optical path portion (32) which are arranged opposite to each other; The horizontal moving mechanism (4) is loaded with a plurality of wires (5), and cooperates with an upper laser optical path portion (31) and a lower laser optical path portion (32) by horizontally moving the wires (5), so that the upper and lower paths of light are switched to perform circular cutting on the wires (5).

2. A laser cutting system for halogen-free insulating cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser shaping mechanism (1) comprises a first beam expander (11), a curved surface shaping lens group (12) and a grating lens (13), wherein the first beam expander (11), the curved surface shaping lens group (12) and the grating lens (13) are coaxially arranged; The first beam expander (11) is used to amplify and collimate the light spot and simultaneously reduce the central energy density of the light spot; The curved surface shaping lens group (12) is used to shape the light spot into a circle and output a light spot with uniformly distributed energy; The grating lens (13) reduces the light spot and converts the waveform distributed energy into uniformly distributed energy output.

3. A laser cutting system for halogen-free insulation cladding according to claim 2, characterized in that: The curved surface shaping lens group (12) comprises a first transverse curved surface shaping lens (121), a second transverse curved surface shaping lens (122), a first vertical curved surface shaping lens (123) and a second vertical curved surface shaping lens (124); the first transverse curved surface shaping lens (121) and the second transverse curved surface shaping lens (122) are convex lenses, and the first vertical curved surface shaping lens (123) and the second vertical curved surface shaping lens (124) are concave lenses; The first transverse curved surface shaping lens (121) and the second transverse curved surface shaping lens (122) are used to respectively stretch the light spots in the transverse negative and positive directions by 1.5 to 3.0 times, so that the central energy density is further dispersed in the transverse direction; The first vertical curved surface shaping lens (123) and the second vertical curved surface shaping lens (124) are used to respectively stretch the vertical negative and positive light spots by 1.5 to 3.0 times, so that the central energy density is further dispersed in the vertical direction.

4. A laser cutting system for halogen-free insulation cladding according to claim 2, characterized in that: The laser shaping mechanism (1) further comprises a first reflector (15) and a second reflector (16); the laser beam emitted by the water-cooled laser (14) is transmitted through the first reflector (15) and the second reflector (16), and its transmission direction is changed by 180 degrees before being transmitted to the first beam expander (11).

5. A laser cutting system for halogen-free insulation cladding according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The intermediate transmission mechanism (2) comprises a second beam expander (21), a third reflector (22), a fourth reflector (23), and a switching motor reflector (24); the second beam expander (21) is used to amplify and collimate the light spot for output; the third reflector (22) and the fourth reflector (23) change the transmission direction of the laser beam transmitted by the second beam expander (21) by 180°; the switching motor reflector (24) is arranged on the switching motor; the switching motor reflector (24) is manipulated by extending and retracting the switching motor, thereby transmitting the laser beam into the upper laser optical path portion (31) and the lower laser optical path portion (32).

6. A laser cutting system for halogen-free insulation cladding according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The upper laser optical path portion (31) comprises a fifth reflecting mirror (311), a sixth reflecting mirror (312), a seventh reflecting mirror (313), an upper optical path focusing mirror (314), an upper optical path protective mirror (315) and an upper focusing head (316); the laser beam passes through the fifth reflecting mirror (311), the sixth reflecting mirror (312) and the seventh reflecting mirror (313) and is output vertically downward; the lower laser optical path portion (32) comprises an eighth reflecting mirror (321), a ninth reflecting mirror (322), a lower optical path focusing mirror (323), a lower optical path protective mirror (324) and a lower focusing head (325); the laser beam passes through the eighth reflecting mirror (321) and the ninth reflecting mirror (322) and is output vertically upward.

7. A laser cutting system for halogen-free insulation cladding according to claim 6, characterized in that: The horizontal moving mechanism (4) comprises an X-axis moving platform (42), a Y-axis moving platform (41) is slidably connected to the X-axis moving platform (42), a carrier platform (43) for placing wires (5) of different wire diameters is fixed to the Y-axis moving platform (41), the X-axis moving platform (42) is fixed to a first fixed plate (61), the upper focusing head (316) and the lower focusing head (325) are fixed to a second fixed plate (62), the first fixed plate (61) is horizontally fixed to a frame (6), the second fixed plate (62) is vertically fixed to the frame (6), and the first fixed plate (61) and the second fixed plate (62) are arranged perpendicular to each other.

8. A laser cutting method for halogen-free insulating materials, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Placing a plurality of wires (5) to be stripped side by side on a carrier platform (43), fixing the wires (5) by a cover plate on the carrier platform (43), and exposing the outer insulation layer (54) of the wires to be stripped; Set the parameters of the laser wire stripping equipment, adjust the upper laser head to ensure that the focus is at the center of the upper half of the wire (5), and adjust the lower laser head to ensure that the focus is at the center of the lower half of the wire (5); By setting the Y-axis moving platform (41) to perform multiple cyclic movements along the Y-axis direction and the laser wire stripping equipment parameters for each movement, the position to be cut of the insulating layer outer sheath (54) to be stripped is at the focus of the upper and lower laser heads.

9. A laser cutting method for halogen-free insulating materials according to claim 8, characterized in that: The Y-axis moving platform (41) is set to perform at least three cyclic movements along the Y-axis direction, the laser wire stripping equipment parameters include the movement speed of the Y-axis moving platform (41), the power of the laser wire stripping equipment, the average power of the laser wire stripping equipment and the operating frequency of the laser wire stripping equipment, the values ​​of the various laser wire stripping equipment parameters remain unchanged during a single cyclic movement, the laser wire stripping equipment parameters include the movement speed of the Y-axis moving platform (41), the power of the laser wire stripping equipment and the average power of the laser wire stripping equipment decrease in sequence as the number of cyclic movements increases, the values ​​of the first laser wire stripping equipment operating frequency corresponding to the first and last cyclic movements are the same, the values ​​of the second laser wire stripping equipment operating frequency corresponding to the intermediate cyclic movements are the same, and the value of the first laser wire stripping equipment operating frequency is greater than the value of the second laser wire stripping equipment operating frequency.

10. A laser cutting method for halogen-free insulating materials according to claim 9, characterized in that: By setting the Y-axis moving platform (41) to perform three circular movements along the Y-axis direction, the three circular movements include six moving paths, and the six moving paths are: In the first moving path, the motor reflector (24) is switched to be set to emit light upward, the Y-axis moving platform (41) moves a set distance along the positive direction of the Y-axis, the moving speed of the Y-axis moving platform (41) is set to 180-220 mm / s, the power of the laser wire stripping device is set to 30% of the rated power, the average power of the laser wire stripping device is 14-16 W, and the operating frequency of the laser wire stripping device is 4 kHz; In the second moving path, the motor reflector (24) is switched to be set to emit light downward, the Y-axis moving platform (41) moves along the negative direction of the Y-axis by the same distance as the first moving path, the moving speed of the Y-axis moving platform (41) is set to 180-220 mm / s, the power of the laser wire stripping device is set to 30% of the rated power, the average power of the laser wire stripping device is 14-16 W, and the operating frequency of the laser wire stripping device is 4 kHz; In the third moving path, the motor reflector (24) is switched to be set to emit light upward, the Y-axis moving platform (41) moves along the positive direction of the Y-axis by the same distance as the first moving path, the moving speed of the Y-axis moving platform (41) is set to 80-120 mm / s, the power of the laser wire stripping device is set to 15% of the rated power, the average power of the laser wire stripping device is 7-9 W, and the operating frequency of the laser wire stripping device is 2 kHz; In the fourth moving path, the motor reflector (24) is switched to be set to emit light downward, the Y-axis moving platform (41) moves along the negative direction of the Y-axis by the same distance as the first moving path, the moving speed of the Y-axis moving platform (41) is set to 80-120 mm / s, the power of the laser wire stripping device is set to 15% of the rated power, the average power of the laser wire stripping device is 7-9 W, and the operating frequency of the laser wire stripping device is 2 kHz; In the fifth moving path, the motor reflector (24) is switched to be set to emit light upward, the Y-axis moving platform (41) moves along the positive direction of the Y-axis by the same distance as the first moving path, the moving speed of the Y-axis moving platform (41) is set to 30-70 mm / s, the power of the laser wire stripping device is set to 5% of the rated power, the average power of the laser wire stripping device is 2.5-3.5 W, and the operating frequency of the laser wire stripping device is 4 kHz; In the sixth moving path, the motor reflector (24) is switched to be set to emit light downward, the Y-axis moving platform (41) moves along the negative direction of the Y-axis by the same distance as the first moving path, the moving speed of the Y-axis moving platform (41) is set to 30-70 mm / s, the power of the laser wire stripping device is set to 5% of the rated power, the average power of the laser wire stripping device is 2.5-3.5 W, and the operating frequency of the laser wire stripping device is 4 kHz.

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