Measuring device and testing method for human body stress on underground space stairs invaded by flood

Abstract

The invention relates to a measuring device and a testing method for human body stress when flood invades underground space stairs, and the device comprises a flood process simulation part which is used for simulating flood processes under different water depth and flow velocity conditions; the staircase simulation part is used for simulating a staircase entering and exiting the underground space; the human body stress measuring part is used for measuring the stress of the pedestrian in the flood at different submerging water depths and submerging flow speeds so as to analyze the fluid force and instability risk of the pedestrian in different walking states in the flood; and the water outlet part is used for draining the water flow of the flood process simulation part and the human body stress measurement part and recycling the water flow to the flood process simulation part. According to the invention, by controlling the water depth and the flow velocity on the staircase, the flood disaster situation that different urban floods invade underground space is simulated, and then the fluid force borne by the human body model structure on the staircase is measured; therefore, the process that the human body on the stairs suffers fluid acting force when flood immerses into urban underground space under different flood situations is analyzed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of urban flooding, and in particular to a device and a test method for measuring the force exerted on a human body on stairs in an underground space invaded by flood. Background Art

[0002] As an important part of urban sustainable development, underground space effectively extends the utilization of land resources. However, with the increasing demand for the development and utilization of urban underground space, the risks and damages it faces in floods are increasing day by day.

[0003] Floods usually flow from top to bottom through stairs into urban underground spaces such as subway stations and underground parking lots. When urban underground spaces are flooded, safe and rapid evacuation of personnel is one of the effective measures to reduce losses from flood disasters. People in underground spaces are evacuated to the ground through stairs, so it is necessary to study the stress conditions and instability judgment criteria of pedestrians escaping along flooded stairs in real floods, so as to provide decision support for the formulation of evacuation plans when underground spaces are flooded.

[0004] In the prior art, there is a lack of a device for measuring the force exerted on a human body on stairs when flood water invades an underground space. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, a device and a test method for measuring the force exerted on a human body on stairs in an underground space when floods invade the space are provided.

[0006] The first aspect of the present invention is to provide a device for measuring the force exerted on a human body on stairs in an underground space when flood water invades the space, comprising:

[0007] The flood process simulation department is used to simulate the flood process under different water depths and flow rates;

[0008] Staircase simulation part, used to simulate the stairs entering and exiting the underground space;

[0009] The human body force measurement unit is used to measure the forces exerted on pedestrians in floods at different flood depths and flood flow rates, so as to analyze the fluid forces and instability risks exerted on pedestrians in different walking states in floods;

[0010] The water outlet is used to discharge the water flow from the flood process simulation part and the human body force measurement part and reuse it in the flood process simulation part.

[0011] Specifically, the flood process simulation part includes a water reservoir, a water storage platform and a water supply pump for supplying water from the water reservoir to the water storage platform. The water storage platform is connected to the staircase simulation part through an upper water platform.

[0012] Specifically, the staircase simulation part includes a stepped staircase and side panels installed on both sides of the staircase, and the water storage platform is connected to the top of the staircase through an upper water platform.

[0013] Specifically, the human body force measurement unit includes a human body model structure, a measuring structure for measuring the force applied to the human body model structure during walking, and a driving mechanism for driving the human body model structure. The measuring structure is installed between the driving structure and the human body model structure.

[0014] Specifically, the driving structure includes a bracket, a pillar, a bearing bracket, a connecting support, and a support frame. The pillar is fixedly installed on the bracket in an inclined manner, one end of the bearing bracket is slidably installed on the pillar, the connecting support is fixedly installed on the other end of the bearing bracket, the support frame is installed on the connecting support, and the human body model structure is installed on the support frame.

[0015] Specifically, the connecting frame in the support frame is rotatably installed on the connecting support, and two retractable triangular wheels are installed on both sides of the legs in the human model structure.

[0016] Specifically, the measuring structure at least includes a tension and pressure sensor installed between the human body model structure and the support frame.

[0017] Specifically, the water outlet includes a return channel, an underground reservoir and a circulating water pump for supplying water to the reservoir. The water inlet of the return channel is connected to the bottom of the stairs, and the water outlet of the return channel is connected to the underground reservoir.

[0018] A second aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring the force exerted on a human body on stairs in an underground space when flood water invades the space, comprising:

[0019] Adjust the flow rate and depth of water on the stairs to preset values ​​to build a virtual escape scenario;

[0020] Calibrate the tension and pressure sensors and their signal transmission stability in the no-load state, and conduct a human escape test simulation after the water depth and flow rate on the stairs are stable. Measure and record the water depth and flow rate at the water depth and flow rate measurement points, and capture and record the fluid force on the joints of the human model structure during walking, running, falling, sliding, etc. in the flood through the tension and pressure sensors;

[0021] Repeat the test by successively changing the water depth and / or flow rate according to the predetermined settings.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the above scheme are:

[0023] 1) The present invention controls the water depth and flow rate on the stairs to simulate different flood disaster scenarios of urban floods invading underground spaces, and then measures the fluid force exerted on the human body model structure on the stairs to analyze the process of fluid force exerted on the human body on the stairs when the flood infiltrates the urban underground space under different flood scenarios;

[0024] 2) The present invention uses a tension and pressure sensor structure connected to a human body model structure to measure the stress on the human body when it is unstable and falls, which solves the problem that it is difficult to measure the stress on the human body on the stairs when floods invade underground spaces. It simulates and analyzes the instability judgment criteria for pedestrians escaping along the stairs when floods invade urban underground spaces, and can provide decision support for the formulation of underground space flood evacuation plans;

[0025] 3) The present invention is simple to manufacture and easy to install, and can be used to provide escape experience and escape skills training for urban flood disasters, thereby improving the public's emergency response capabilities when urban floods invade underground spaces. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] In the attached figure: 1. water reservoir; 2. water storage platform; 3. water supply pump; 4. stairs; 5. side panels; 6. human body model structure; 7. bracket; 8. support; 9. bearing bracket; 10. connecting support; 11. support frame; 12. connecting frame; 13. return channel; 14. underground reservoir; 15. circulating water pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0030] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but they are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the measuring device provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes a flood process simulation part, a stair step simulation part, a human body force measurement part and a water outlet part; the flood process simulation part is used to simulate the flood process under different water depths and flow rates; the stair step simulation part is used to simulate the stairs entering and exiting the underground space; the human body force measurement part is used to measure the forces on pedestrians in the flood under different flooding depths and flooding flow rates, so as to analyze the fluid forces and instability risks on pedestrians in different walking states in the flood; the water outlet part is used to discharge the water flow of the flood process simulation part and the human body force measurement part and reuse them to the flood process simulation part.

[0032] As a specific example, Figure 1 As shown, the flood process simulation part of the present invention includes a water reservoir 1, a water storage platform 2 and a water supply pump 3 for supplying water from the water reservoir 1 to the water storage platform 2. The water storage platform 2 is connected to the staircase simulation part through the upper water platform. Under the above structure, the accumulated water in the water reservoir 1 is sent to the water storage platform 2 through the water supply pump 3, and the water stored in the water storage platform 2 flows into the staircase simulation part through the upper water platform. The water supply pump 3 of the present invention can be a variable pump to adjust and change the amount of water stored in the water storage platform 2 according to the control signal, and then change its water output, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting and controlling the water depth and flow rate in the staircase simulation part, and realize the simulation of flood disaster scenarios of different urban floods invading underground spaces.

[0033] As a specific example, Figure 1 As shown, the stair step simulation part in the present invention includes a stepped staircase 4 and side panels 5 installed on both sides of the staircase 4, and the water storage platform 2 is connected to the top of the staircase 4 through the upper horizontal platform; under the above structure, the water stored in the water storage platform 2 flows into the staircase 4 through the upper horizontal platform, and under the constraints of the side panels 5 on both sides, the water flows down along the narrow space between the staircase 4 and the side panels 5. In this mode, the water output of the water storage platform 2 can be changed to a certain extent to change the water depth and flow rate in the stair step simulation part.

[0034] As a specific example, Figure 1As shown, the human body force measurement part in the present invention includes a human body model structure 6, a measuring structure for measuring the force of the human body model structure 6 during walking, and a driving mechanism for driving the human body model structure 6, and the measuring structure is installed between the driving structure and the human body model structure 6. Specifically, the above-mentioned driving structure includes a bracket 7, a pillar 8, a bearing bracket 9, a connecting support 10, and a support frame 11. The pillar 8 is fixedly installed on the bracket 7 in an inclined manner, one end of the bearing bracket 9 is slidably installed on the pillar 8, the connecting support 10 is fixedly installed on the other end of the bearing bracket 9, and the support frame 11 is installed on the connecting support 10. The back of the human body model structure 6 is installed on the support frame 11 (a ball head can be installed on the back of the human body model structure 6, and the ball head is embedded in the groove body in the support frame 11. Under this structure, the human body model structure 6 has a certain swing amplitude under the impact of water flow, so as to more accurately simulate the state of the human body under the impact of water flow). Under the above structure, when the bearing bracket 9 moves upward along the inclined support 8, the bearing bracket 9 drives the human model structure 6 to move upward along the stairs 4 through the connecting support 10 and the support plate frame 11, thereby simulating the walking, running, and sliding process of the human model structure 6 in the flood. During the upward process, the water depth and flow rate in the stair step simulation part are changed, and the force of the human model structure 6 during the walking process is measured by the measurement structure, so as to analyze the process of the human body on the stairs being subjected to the fluid force when the flood enters the urban underground space under different flood scenarios. On this technical basis, the present invention can consider rotating the connecting frame 12 in the support plate frame 11 on the bearing support 10 through the bearing, and then installing two retractable triangular wheels on both sides of the leg of the human model structure 6 (the specific structure can refer to the relevant structure in the authorized invention patent CN115447655B). When the human model structure 6 moves upward along the stairs 4, the two retractable triangular wheels of the leg move along the stairs 4 under the action of the bearing bracket 9, thereby simulating the ups and downs of the human model structure 6 when it moves upward. Specifically, the above-mentioned measurement structure at least includes a tension and pressure sensor (commercially available), which is installed between the back of the human body model structure 6 and the support frame 11, so that the ups and downs of the back can exert a force on the tension and pressure sensor to measure the fluid force exerted on the human body model structure 6 on the stairs.

[0035] As a specific example, Figure 1 As shown, the above-mentioned water outlet includes a return channel 13, an underground reservoir 14 and a circulating water pump 15 for supplying water to the water reservoir 1. The water inlet of the return channel 13 is connected to the bottom of the stairs 4, and the water outlet of the return channel 13 is connected to the underground reservoir 14; the water flow left by the stairs 4 under the above-mentioned structure is successively discharged into the water reservoir 1 again through the return channel 13, the underground reservoir 14 and the circulating water pump 15 (a variable pump can be selected) to save test water.

[0036] The method of using the above measuring device to measure the force exerted on a human body on the stairs of an underground space when flood water invades is as follows:

[0037] The flow rate and water depth of the water flow on the staircase 4 are adjusted to preset values ​​to construct a virtual escape scenario;

[0038] Calibrate the tension and pressure sensors and their signal transmission stability in the no-load state, and after the water depth and flow rate on the staircase 4 are stable, perform a human escape test simulation, measure and record the water depth and flow rate at this time through the water depth and flow rate measurement points, and capture and record the fluid force on the joints of the human model structure during walking, running, falling, sliding and other movements in the flood through the tension and pressure sensors;

[0039] Repeat the test by successively changing the water depth and / or flow rate according to the predetermined settings.

[0040] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods and protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should be aware that all solutions obtained by equivalent substitutions and obvious changes made using the description and illustrations of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the force exerted on a human body on stairs in an underground space when flood water invades, characterized in that: include: The flood process simulation department is used to simulate the flood process under different water depths and flow rates; Staircase simulation part, used to simulate the stairs entering and exiting the underground space; The human body force measurement unit is used to measure the forces exerted on pedestrians in floods at different flood depths and flood flow rates, so as to analyze the fluid forces and instability risks exerted on pedestrians in different walking states in floods; The water outlet is used to discharge the water flow from the flood process simulation part and the human body force measurement part and reuse it to the flood process simulation part.

2. The device for measuring the force exerted on a human body on stairs in an underground space during flood intrusion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flood process simulation part includes a water reservoir, a water storage platform and a water supply pump for supplying water from the water reservoir to the water storage platform. The water storage platform is connected to the stair step simulation part through an upper water platform.

3. The device for measuring the force exerted on a human body on stairs in an underground space during flood intrusion according to claim 2, characterized in that: The staircase simulation part includes a stepped staircase and side panels installed on both sides of the staircase, and the water storage platform is connected to the top of the staircase through an upper water platform.

4. The device for measuring the force exerted on a human body on stairs in an underground space during flood intrusion according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The human body force measuring unit comprises a human body model structure, a measuring structure for measuring the force applied to the human body model structure during walking, and a driving mechanism for driving the human body model structure. The measuring structure is installed between the driving structure and the human body model structure.

5. The device for measuring the force exerted on a human body on stairs in an underground space during flood intrusion according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving structure includes a bracket, a pillar, a bearing bracket, a connecting support, and a support frame. The pillar is fixedly installed on the bracket in an inclined manner, one end of the bearing bracket is slidably installed on the pillar, the connecting support is fixedly installed on the other end of the bearing bracket, the support frame is installed on the connecting support, and the human body model structure is installed on the support frame.

6. The device for measuring the force exerted on a human body on stairs in an underground space during flood intrusion according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting frame in the support frame is rotatably mounted on the connecting support, and two telescopic triangular wheels are mounted on both sides of the legs in the human model structure.

7. The device for measuring the force exerted on a human body on stairs in an underground space during flood intrusion according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The measuring structure at least comprises a tension and pressure sensor, which is installed between the human body model structure and the support frame.

8. The device for measuring the force exerted on a human body on stairs in an underground space during flood intrusion according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water outlet comprises a return channel, an underground water reservoir and a circulating water pump for supplying water to the water reservoir. The water inlet of the return channel is connected to the bottom of the stairs, and the water outlet of the return channel is connected to the underground water reservoir.

9. A method for measuring the force exerted on a human body on stairs in an underground space when flood water invades, characterized in that: The device for measuring the force exerted on a human body on stairs in an underground space when flood water invades the underground space as described in claim 7 or 8 comprises: Adjust the flow rate and depth of water on the stairs to preset values ​​to build a virtual escape scenario; Calibrate the tension and pressure sensors and their signal transmission stability in a no-load state, and after the water depth and flow rate on the stairs are stable, perform a human escape test simulation, measure and record the water depth and flow rate at this time through the water depth and flow rate measurement points, and capture and record the fluid force on the joints of the human model structure during walking, running, falling, sliding and other movements in the flood through the tension and pressure sensors; Repeat the test by successively changing the water depth and / or flow rate according to the predetermined settings.

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